CN213961174U

CN213961174U - Water-retaining and water-cleaning green roof system

Info

Publication number: CN213961174U
Application number: CN202021690566.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘瑞芬; 陈璇; 叶建军; 刘德富; 冯晶红; 刘瑛
Original assignee: Hubei University of Technology
Current assignee: Hubei University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-08-14
Filing date: 2020-08-14
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water-retaining and water-cleaning green roof system, which comprises a light green roof, an automatic drip irrigation component and a water storage tank, wherein the light green roof is sequentially provided with a plastic drainage plate, geotextile, an artificial matrix and sedum lineare from above a building roof, the artificial matrix is formed by mixing perlite and organic chicken manure, the water storage tank is arranged in a top-layer staircase in the building body and is used for receiving rainwater discharged by the light green roof, and the water storage tank is provided with an overflow port; the automatic drip irrigation assembly comprises a drip irrigation pipeline, a moisture detector, a water pump and a drip irrigation controller, wherein the drip irrigation controller controls the water pump to be started or stopped according to the moisture content in the artificial matrix, so that the aim of automatic drip irrigation is fulfilled. The utility model provides reduce non-point source pollution risk when improving the green roof rate of damming of rainy period, can strengthen the survival rate of the green roof plant of drought period again, effectively ensure green roof performance each item ecological environment function, the construction in helping hand sponge city construction and green energy-concerving and environment-protective city.

Description

Water-retaining and water-cleaning green roof system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the building field relates to a roof greening, intelligent irrigation, energy-conserving water purification technology, concretely relates to green roof system of water conservation and water purification.

Background

A green roof may be defined simply as "vegetation cover placed over an artificial building". The early green roof is mainly constructed to meet the aesthetic requirements of people, and the modern green roof has both simple aesthetic functions and environmental benefits. Modern green roofs are constructed by consciously laying a plurality of structural layers under plants and planting substrates to form a complete structure. Most green roofs have similar structures and are in direct contact with the roof panels, and the construction layers from the roof panels to the top are as follows: waterproof layer, drainage blanket, filter layer, planting matrix layer and plant.

The construction of the green roof reasonably utilizes the upper space of the city, beautifies the building environment of the city, and can bring numerous ecological environmental benefits to the city, such as relieving the urban heat island effect, promoting the building to cool and save energy, controlling and utilizing urban rainfall flood, reducing noise and air pollution, enriching the variety of the city and the like. At present, under the background of vigorously advocating the construction of sponge cities in China, as a main engineering measure for controlling the source of urban rainfall flood, green roofs are popularized and applied more and more in various places.

Although the green roof has high rainwater interception rate even does not produce flow for the small rainfall events with high occurrence frequency, the green roof has poor effect on the large rainfall events with low occurrence frequency. The reason is that the rainwater storage capacity of the green roof is effective, and excessive rainfall runoff still leaves the roof to cause pressure on an urban pipe network system; for green roofs with high-nutrient planting substrates, the problem of leaching of nutrient substances can be caused, and the roof rainwater runoff flowing to an urban pipe network system brings non-point source pollution. In addition, the survival of plants on the green roof is an important guarantee that the green roof can play a role in various ecological environmental benefits (such as interception and transpiration of rainwater runoff, cooling and humidification, carbon fixation and release and the like), and particularly in northern arid regions or southern high-temperature cities, when extreme weather events such as drought and water shortage cannot be avoided, irrigation on the green roof is very necessary to maintain the survival of the plants.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a water conservation clean water green roof system to solve water resource loss problem, non-point source pollution problem and the problem of surviving of plant under the extreme weather condition when dealing with heavy rainfall incident in the current green roof, let the green roof exert its various ecological functions better in the city.

The purpose of the utility model is realized like this:

the utility model provides a green roof system of clean water of guarantor's water which characterized in that: the light green roof is sequentially provided with a plastic drainage plate, geotechnical cloth, an artificial matrix and sedum lineare from above a building roof, the sedum lineare is planted in the artificial matrix in a cutting mode, the artificial matrix is formed by mixing perlite and organic chicken manure in a fixed proportion, and the geotechnical cloth plays a role in filtering and is used for effectively intercepting the loss of fine particles and nutrient substances in the artificial matrix; the plastic drainage plate collects and drains seepage water flowing out from the bottom of the artificial matrix in time;

a drainage channel is arranged on the building roof on one side of the light green roof, drainage gravels are filled in the drainage channel, the plastic drainage plate is connected with the drainage channel, and one end of the drainage channel is connected with the water storage tank through a plastic drainage pipe;

the water storage tank is arranged in a staircase of the building body, the installation height of the water storage tank is lower than that of a top roof of the building body, rainwater is convenient to collect and store, an overflow port is further formed in the water storage tank, and the overflow port is connected to a water outlet of a municipal drainage pipe through an overflow pipe;

the automatic drip irrigation assembly comprises a drip irrigation pipeline, a moisture detector, a water pump and a drip irrigation controller, wherein an inlet of the water pump is connected with the bottom in a water storage tank through a pipeline, an outlet of the water pump is connected with the drip irrigation pipeline through a pipeline, the drip irrigation pipeline is embedded at the bottom of an artificial matrix and is positioned on geotextile, the moisture detector is embedded in the artificial matrix and is used for detecting moisture in the artificial matrix, a detection signal of the moisture detector is transmitted to the drip irrigation controller, and the drip irrigation controller controls the water pump to start and stop according to the moisture content in the artificial matrix to achieve the purpose of automatic drip irrigation.

Furthermore, the particle size of the perlite in the artificial substrate is classified into 4mm-8mm, and the organic chicken manure is prepared by fermenting and drying at high temperature, and the organic matter content is about 50-70 g/kg. The artificial substrate prepared by mixing perlite and organic chicken manure in a volume ratio of 90:10 has an organic matter content of less than 50g/kg, an alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content of less than 150mg/kg and a quick-acting phosphorus content of less than 350mg/kg, and can supply enough nutrients to plants and reduce the possibility of leaching of nutrient substances.

Further, the artificial matrix has a dry density of less than 0.5g/cm³。

Further, the porosity of the artificial matrix is greater than 85%.

Furthermore, the maximum water holding capacity of the artificial substrate is more than 35%, so that rainwater can be effectively blocked, the survival rate of plants in a drought period can be improved, the permeability is more than 0.8cm/s, and the generation of roof water accumulation in a heavy rainfall event can be avoided.

Furthermore, the drip irrigation pipeline is a mesh pipe network formed by connecting an irrigation main pipe and irrigation branch pipes, and a large number of irrigation holes are formed in the irrigation branch pipes.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the sedum lineare has strong adaptability and certain ornamental value, and the prepared artificial matrix layer has excellent physical and chemical characteristics, so that the rainfall interception function of a green roof can be effectively exerted, and the non-point source pollution caused by roof rainwater runoff can be well reduced. The artificial substrate adopts limited (volume ratio is 10%) organic fertilizer, and the leaching possibility of nutrient substances in the green roof production process can be effectively reduced. In addition, the geotextile of the polypropylene refined non-woven fabric is selected to filter and purify water quality, so that the pollution risk of green roof non-point source can be further reduced. The drainage of rainfall runoff on the green roof is undertaken by drainage gravels and a plastic drainage pipe. The water detector is placed in the middle of the artificial matrix layer, the humidity degree of the water of the artificial matrix can be detected, the water is fed back to the drip irrigation controller when the water of the artificial matrix is lower than the wilting coefficient, the water pump controller and the water pump are started from this, the water in the water storage tank is led to the artificial matrix layer through the main irrigation pipe, the branch irrigation pipes and the irrigation holes, irrigation is carried out, and the survival of plants in the drought period is guaranteed. When the water content of the artificial matrix reaches the field water capacity, the water content is fed back to the drip irrigation controller again, the water pump controller and the water pump are closed, and the irrigation is stopped.

Adopt the technical scheme of the utility model, both can improve the rainwater entrapment rate of green roof when dealing with heavy rainfall incident, also can reduce the non-point source pollution risk that the planting matrix nutrient substance eluviation brought, utilize the irrigation problem when driping irrigation the controller simultaneously and solve the arid lack of water of plant, effectively ensure green roof and exert each item ecological environment function, construction in helping hand sponge city and the construction in green energy-concerving and environment-protective city.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall plan view of the water-retaining and water-cleaning green roof system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water storage tank with overflow function;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a green roof elevation;

fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of an automated drip irrigation assembly;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the automated drip irrigation assembly control concept.

In the figure: 1-staircase, 2-drainage gravel, 3-light green roof, 5-roof drainage port, 10-water storage tank, 11-overflow pipe, 12-water pump, 21-plastic drainage pipe, 31-sedum lineare, 32-artificial substrate, 33-geotextile, 34-plastic drainage plate, 35-water detector, 36-irrigation main pipe, 37-irrigation branch pipe, 38-irrigation hole, 40-drip irrigation controller and 41-water pump controller.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

A water-retaining and water-cleaning green roof system comprises a light green roof 3 with a purification function, an automatic drip irrigation assembly and a water storage tank 10 with an overflow function.

The light green roof 3 having a purifying function is constructed as follows: the plastic drainage plate 34, the geotextile 33, the artificial matrix 32 and the sedum lineare 31 are arranged above the building roof in sequence. The sedum lineare 31 is planted in the artificial substrate 32 in a cuttage way, and the row spacing is 30 multiplied by 30 cm; the thickness of the artificial substrate 32 is 5-15cm, the artificial substrate is prepared by mixing perlite and organic chicken manure by a volume ratio of 90% to 10%, the perlite is 4mm-8mm in size classification on the market, the organic chicken manure is prepared by high-temperature fermentation and drying, the organic matter content is about 60g/kg, and the organic chicken manure can be purchased in the flower and tree market. The artificial matrix prepared by mixing the above materials32 has excellent physicochemical properties, e.g. a dry density of only 0.207g/cm³The problem of overweight load during construction of green roofs can be effectively avoided, the porosity is as high as 91.4%, gas exchange of plant roots is facilitated, normal growth of plants is guaranteed, the maximum water holding capacity can reach 36.65%, rainwater can be effectively blocked, the survival rate of plants in a drought period can be improved, the roof ponding generation under a strong rainfall event can be avoided due to the permeability of 0.899cm/s, meanwhile, the contents of organic matters, alkaline-decomposed nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and the like in the artificial substrate 32 are only 31.2g/kg, 124.8mg/kg and 307.2mg/kg, sufficient nutrients can be supplied to the plants, and the leaching possibility of nutrient substances can be reduced.

The utility model discloses an artificial substrate 32 is formed by mixing light aggregate and fertilizer with the volume of 90:10, and fine granule and the loss of nutrient substance in the artificial substrate 32 can effectively be intercepted to geotechnological cloth 33 selection polypropylene refined non-woven fabrics, and the application of artificial substrate 32 and geotechnological cloth 33 can play the content that reduces green roof outflow infiltration aquatic suspended solid, chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen phosphorus etc. reaches water purification's effect. The plastic drainage plate 34 has high compressive strength, light load and easy installation, and can collect and discharge the seepage water flowing out from the bottom of the artificial matrix 32 in time. One side of the green roof is provided with a drainage channel, the end of the channel is provided with a small hole, and the channel is connected with a plastic drainage pipe 21 to collect and transport runoff on the green roof.

The automatic drip irrigation assembly comprises a drip irrigation pipeline (comprising a main pipe and branch pipes), a moisture detector 35, a water pump 12, a drip irrigation controller and the like. The drip irrigation pipeline is laid at the bottom of the green roof artificial substrate 32 and on the geotextile 33; the water detector 35 is placed in the middle of the 32 layers of the green roof artificial substrate and is connected with the drip irrigation controller through a signal line (in a conventional connection mode, the drip irrigation controller is shown in the attached drawing), the water pump 12 and the drip irrigation controller are also connected through signal lines, the water pump 12 is installed above the water storage tank 10 and in the staircase 1 on the top layer in the building body, and water is pumped out from the water storage tank 10 and is supplied to a drip irrigation pipeline. The moisture detector 35 monitors moisture information of the green roof artificial substrate 32, and when the moisture is lower than the wilting coefficient, the moisture information is fed back to the drip irrigation controller, so that the drip irrigation controller is triggered to start the water pump 12, water is supplied to a drip irrigation pipeline, the artificial substrate 32 is irrigated, and survival of plants in a dry period is guaranteed; when the moisture detector 35 detects that the moisture of the artificial substrate 32 is higher than the field moisture capacity, the moisture is fed back to the drip irrigation controller again, then the water pump controller 41 and the water pump 12 are turned off, and water supply to the drip irrigation pipeline is stopped.

Water storage tank 10 is placed and is put at internal top layer stairwell 1 of building, is located water pump 12 below, and the mounting height (bottom height) of water storage tank 10 is less than the building roof, is convenient for receive the drainage on light green roof 3, and water inlet and delivery port are seted up at water storage tank 10 top, and the overflow mouth is seted up at upper portion side top, and the overflow mouth highly is higher than the roof at building top, the drainage of being convenient for. The water inlet is connected with a plastic drain pipe 21 for collecting rainfall runoff on the green roof, and the water outlet is connected with the inlet of the water pump 12 through a water pipe inserted at the bottom. The overflow port is connected with a water outlet of a municipal drainage pipeline roof in the building body through a plastic overflow pipe 11, so that the water in the water storage tank 10 can not overflow into a corridor under the condition of extreme rainfall. The unnecessary rainfall runoff that green roof can not absorb completely when water storage tank 10 will be rainstorm is collected, exceeds that water storage tank 10 volumetric water will flow out through its top overflow mouth, is connected to the roofing outlet 5 at building body top through overflow pipe 11, flows into municipal drainage pipe system. The outlet of the water pump 12 at the top of the water storage tank 10 is connected with the main irrigation pipe 36, so that the plants on the green roof are irrigated when needing water, the survival of the plants is guaranteed, and the green roof can continuously exert the ecological environmental benefits. The minimum volume of the water storage tank 10 can be calculated from the relevant characteristics of the green roof substrate 32 being constructed. The calculation formula is that the minimum volume of the water storage tank is equal to the field water capacity of the artificial substrate multiplied by the thickness of the artificial substrate, and meanwhile, the placeable space which does not exceed the top stair room 1 in the building body is considered.

The drainage of rainfall runoff on the green roof is carried by the drainage gravel 2 and the plastic drainage pipe 21. The moisture detector 35 is placed in the middle of the 32 layers of artificial substrates, the moisture dryness and wetness degree of the artificial substrates 32 can be detected, when the moisture content of the artificial substrates 32 is lower than the wilting coefficient, the moisture dryness and wetness degree is fed back to the drip irrigation controller, the water pump 12 is started through the water pump controller 41, the water in the water storage tank 10 is led to the 32 layers of the artificial substrates through the main irrigation pipe 36, the branch irrigation pipes 37 and the irrigation holes 38 for irrigation, and the survival of plants in the dry period is ensured. When the moisture of the artificial substrate 32 reaches the field moisture capacity, the moisture is fed back to the drip irrigation controller again, the water pump 12 is turned off through the water pump controller 41, and the irrigation is stopped.

On the bottom of the artificial substrate 32 and on the upper part of the geotextile 33, an irrigation main pipe 36 and an irrigation branch pipe 37 are arranged, irrigation water finally flows out from an irrigation hole 38 to wet the artificial substrate 32, and the plane layout of the automatic drip irrigation assembly is shown in fig. 4. Wherein, the water content detector 35 is connected with the drip irrigation controller arranged on the top stair hall 1 in the building body, and the water pump controller 41 is also connected with the drip irrigation controller, as shown in fig. 4.

It should be noted that the utility model discloses drip irrigation controller, moisture detector 35 and water pump 12 all adopt the mature technique in the prior art, and its wiring, power connection mode and application method all adopt publicly known common method, need not to adopt special technology, can accomplish, consequently, this application text does not do the detailed description again.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all of the technical solutions should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a green roof system of clean water of guarantor's water which characterized in that: the light green roof is sequentially provided with a plastic drainage plate, geotechnical cloth, an artificial matrix and sedum lineare from above a building roof, the sedum lineare is planted in the artificial matrix in a cutting mode, and the geotechnical cloth plays a role in filtering and is used for effectively intercepting the loss of fine particles and nutrient substances in the artificial matrix; the plastic drainage plate collects and drains seepage water flowing out from the bottom of the artificial matrix in time;

2. The water retaining and cleaning green roof system of claim 1, further comprising: the drip irrigation pipeline is a mesh pipe network formed by connecting an irrigation main pipe and irrigation branch pipes, and a large number of irrigation holes are formed in the irrigation branch pipes.