CN213916102U - High-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device for annular/frame-shaped metal parts - Google Patents
High-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device for annular/frame-shaped metal parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN213916102U CN213916102U CN202022222921.6U CN202022222921U CN213916102U CN 213916102 U CN213916102 U CN 213916102U CN 202022222921 U CN202022222921 U CN 202022222921U CN 213916102 U CN213916102 U CN 213916102U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- power
- forming
- slm
- medium
- scanning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of advance manufacturing, and specifically disclose annular/frame shape metal parts's high efficiency high accuracy SLM forming device, it includes annular/frame shape forming cylinder, annular/frame shape base plate and scanning processing array, the base plate is arranged in forming cylinder, scanning processing array is located forming cylinder top, it includes a plurality of scanning processing units, the upper surface of forming cylinder is covered to the effective sum of sweeping the field of a plurality of scanning processing units, or make their effective sum of sweeping the field cover the upper surface of forming cylinder through the removal of a plurality of scanning processing units; the scanning processing unit is used for outputting high-power large-spot laser beams and medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams simultaneously or alternatively so as to realize high-efficiency SLM forming by using the high-power large-spot laser beams and realize high-precision SLM forming by using the medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams. The utility model discloses can realize that jumbo size annular/frame shape metal part's high efficiency, high accuracy, low cost SLM take shape.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of advance manufacturing, more specifically relates to annular/frame shape metal parts's high efficiency high accuracy SLM forming device.
Background
Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is one of the fastest developing laser additive manufacturing technologies in recent years, and has wide application in key fields of aerospace, nuclear power, chemical industry and the like. In each type of installation in these fields, there are widespread a large number of large-size annular/frame-shaped metal parts (as shown in fig. 1) which play an important role in service performance. When such parts are formed by using a conventional SLM apparatus, since the forming cylinder is generally a square or cylindrical shape, a large amount of redundant powder is required to fill the forming cylinder, resulting in an extremely high cost of powder raw materials, and an extremely large amount of work for recovering the redundant powder, which is likely to cause contamination.
To the above problem, the utility model discloses a people has proposed SLM forming device (CN110538995A) of jumbo size annular/frame shape metalwork in 2019, the device's shaping jar is annular/frame shape, suits with the interior outer profile of waiting to take shape annular/frame shape metalwork, and the base plate is annular/frame shape equally, arranges inside the jar that takes shape, shakes the mirror array and is located the jar top that takes shape, including a plurality of mirror systems that shake, corresponding scanning area covers the jar upper surface that takes shape, and the device can reduce the powder quantity of SLM shaping annular/frame shape metalwork by a wide margin, reduces the cost of forming. Meanwhile, the device adopts high-power (maximum 10000W) and large-spot (maximum 10mm) laser beams to form large-size annular/frame-shaped parts, and compared with the existing SLM forming device, the device can improve the forming efficiency of the parts.
However, in further practice, the inventor has found that the introduction of a high-power large-spot laser beam can greatly improve the forming efficiency of the part, but also brings new problems of increase of the surface roughness of the part and reduction of the dimensional accuracy. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an SLM forming apparatus for large-sized ring-shaped/frame-shaped metal parts which can achieve both forming accuracy and forming efficiency.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above defect of prior art or improve the demand, the utility model provides a jumbo size annular/frame shape metal part's high efficiency high accuracy SLM forming device, its aim at promotes jumbo size annular/frame shape metal part's SLM shaping precision and shaping efficiency by a wide margin.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a high efficiency high accuracy SLM forming device of jumbo size annular/frame shape metal part, its base plate and the scanning processing array that includes the shaping jar of annular/frame shape, wherein:
the substrate is arranged in the forming cylinder, the scanning processing array is positioned above the forming cylinder and comprises a plurality of scanning processing units, the sum of effective fields of the scanning processing units covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder, or the sum of the effective fields of the scanning processing units covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder through the movement of the scanning processing units;
the scanning processing unit is used for outputting high-power and large-light-spot laser beams and medium/low-power and medium/small-light-spot laser beams simultaneously or alternatively so as to realize high-efficiency SLM forming by utilizing the high-power and large-light-spot laser beams and realize high-precision SLM forming by utilizing the medium/low-power and medium/small-light-spot laser beams, thereby realizing high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming of large-size annular/frame-shaped metal parts.
Preferably, the scanning processing unit comprises a set of scanning galvanometer systems for alternately outputting high-power large-spot laser beams and medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams.
Preferably, the scanning processing unit comprises two sets of scanning galvanometer systems, and the scanning galvanometer systems are respectively used for outputting high-power large-spot laser beams and medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams, so that the high-power large-spot laser beams and the medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams are output simultaneously or alternately.
Further preferably, the scanning galvanometer system is a combination of a biaxial galvanometer and an F-theta focusing galvanometer, or a dynamic focusing galvanometer.
It is further preferred that the high power, large spot laser beam has a power > 1000W and a spot diameter >200 μm.
More preferably, the power of the high-power large-spot laser beam is 2000W to 6000W, and the spot diameter is 500 μm to 1000 μm.
As further preferred, the power of the low-power, small spot laser beam is < 500W, the spot diameter < 100 μm; the power of the medium power and the power of the medium light spot laser beam are 500W-1000W, and the diameter of the light spot is 100 mu m-200 mu m.
Further preferably, the distance between the inner side cylinder wall of the forming cylinder and the inner contour of the laser cladding layer of the metal part is 0.1mm-150 mm; the distance between the outer side cylinder wall of the forming cylinder and the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer is 0.1mm-150 mm.
Further preferably, the SLM forming apparatus further includes a table in which the forming cylinder is fitted.
Further preferably, the focal point of the laser beam output from the scanning processing unit is located on the upper surface of the forming cylinder.
Generally, through the utility model above technical scheme who thinks compares with prior art, mainly possesses following technical advantage:
1. the utility model has the advantages that the scanning processing unit which can output high power, large facula laser beam and medium/low power, medium/small facula laser beam simultaneously or alternatively is arranged, so that the forming precision can be greatly improved on the premise of ensuring the forming efficiency of the large-size annular/frame-shaped metal piece; specifically, the high-power large-spot laser beam is used for forming an area with low requirements on size precision and surface roughness, subsequent machining is allowed, the high-power large-spot laser beam can be used for forming the area, and high-efficiency SLM forming of the corresponding area can be realized; the medium/low power and medium/small light spot laser beams are used for forming areas with high dimensional accuracy or surface roughness, subsequent machining is difficult, or high-power and large-light spot laser beams cannot be used for forming the areas, and high-accuracy SLM forming of the corresponding areas can be realized.
2. The scanning processing unit provided by the utility model has flexible structure, and can adopt a single set of scanning galvanometer system and two sets of scanning galvanometer systems; the scanning galvanometer system can be a combination of a biaxial galvanometer and an F-theta focusing mirror, can also be a dynamic focusing galvanometer module, and can better meet clients with different application backgrounds/cost requirements due to flexible structural composition.
3. The utility model discloses still study and design the power of laser beam and the facula diameter, the interval of shaping jar cylinder wall and metalwork laser cladding layer profile, important parameters such as scanning processing unit laser beam focus position, obtained preferred parameter, can further exert the technical advantage of SLM device in the aspect of the high efficiency of jumbo size annular/frame shape part, high accuracy SLM takes shape.
4. The utility model discloses a nimble control scanning processing unit's quantity, perhaps make scanning processing unit remove in the shaping jar top, can further promote the shaping efficiency and the formation breadth of jumbo size annular/frame shape part.
5. The utility model discloses a design and annular/frame shape forming cylinder and annular/frame shape base plate that jumbo size annular/frame shape metalwork appearance suited make metalwork laser cladding layer occupy forming cylinder and base plate as much as possible and surround the region in SLM forming process to reduce redundant powder filling amount by a wide margin, realize the decline that is showing of raw materials cost, and the high intensity labor and the environmental pollution risk that bring when avoiding a large amount of redundant powder to retrieve.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of the outline structure of a large-sized ring/frame-shaped part, wherein (a) is a ring-shaped part and (b) is a frame-shaped part;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an SLM forming apparatus for large-sized annular metal pieces according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an SLM forming apparatus for large-sized annular metal pieces according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an SLM forming apparatus for large-sized annular metal pieces according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an SLM forming apparatus for large-size frame-shaped metal parts according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an SLM forming apparatus for large-size frame-shaped metal parts according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an SLM forming apparatus for large-size frame-shaped metal parts according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;
the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: 1-workbench, 2-forming cylinder, 3-substrate, 4-scanning processing unit, 5-scanning galvanometer system, 6-metal piece laser cladding layer, 21-outer cylinder wall and 22-inner cylinder wall.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming device for large-size annular/frame-shaped (annular or frame-shaped) metal parts, which can realize high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming for large-size annular/frame-shaped metal parts on the premise of saving powder cost by a large margin. The forming device comprises a ring/frame-shaped (ring-shaped or frame-shaped) forming cylinder 2, a ring/frame-shaped (ring-shaped or frame-shaped) substrate 3 and a scanning processing array, wherein the size of the forming cylinder is suitable for the outline of a large-size ring/frame-shaped part to be formed, and the size of the substrate 3 is also suitable for the outline of the large-size ring/frame-shaped part to be formed. The SLM processing of the annular/frame-shaped metal part can be realized by matching the forming cylinder with the shape with the substrate and utilizing the scanning processing array to carry out scanning processing.
Specifically, the substrate 3 is arranged in the forming cylinder 2, the scanning processing array is positioned above the forming cylinder 2 and comprises a plurality of scanning processing units 4, the sum of effective fields of the scanning processing units 4 covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2, or the sum of effective fields of the scanning processing units 4 covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2 through the movement of the scanning processing units; the scanning processing unit 4 can output a high-power large-spot laser beam and a medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beam (i.e., a medium-power medium-spot laser beam or a low-power small-spot laser beam) simultaneously or alternately to realize high-efficiency SLM forming by the high-power large-spot laser beam and high-precision SLM forming by the medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beam. The utility model discloses a set up can be simultaneously or output high power in turn, big facula laser beam and well low-power, the scanning processing unit of well/little facula laser beam, but make full use of high power, the high efficiency shaping advantage of big facula laser beam, and well/low-power, the high accuracy shaping advantage of well/little facula laser beam, and then realize jumbo size annular/frame shape metal part's high efficiency and high accuracy SLM shaping, effectively solve present jumbo size annular/frame shape metal part with this and in the shaping efficiency promotion, but bring the problem that part surface roughness risees and size precision descends, the effective compromise of shaping efficiency and shaping precision has been realized.
Further, the scanning processing unit 4 includes a set of scanning galvanometer system 5, and the scanning galvanometer system 5 can alternately output high-power large-spot laser beams and medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams, so that high-efficiency SLM forming and high-precision SLM forming can be realized by the set of scanning galvanometer system.
Furthermore, the scanning processing unit 4 comprises two sets of scanning galvanometer systems 5, wherein one set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is used for outputting high-power and large-light-spot laser beams, and the other set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is used for medium/low-power and medium/small-light-spot laser beams, so that the simultaneous or alternate output of the high-power and large-light-spot laser beams and the medium/low-power and medium/small-light-spot laser beams is realized through the matching of the two sets of scanning galvanometer systems 5, and further the matching of high-efficiency SLM forming and high-precision SLM forming is realized. More specifically, the scanning galvanometer system 5 is a combination of a biaxial galvanometer and an F-theta focusing mirror, or a dynamic focusing galvanometer.
Specifically, the high-power large-spot laser beam can be used for processing a region which has no specific requirement on forming accuracy or allows subsequent machining, and the high-power large-spot laser processing region can be adopted to realize high-efficiency SLM forming of the region. The medium/low power, medium/small spot laser beam can be used to shape areas that are difficult to process with high power lasers (e.g., areas where dimensional accuracy or surface roughness is required, areas where subsequent machining is not allowed, areas where wall thickness is smaller than the medium/high power laser beam spot diameter, etc.) to achieve high precision SLM shaping of the area.
More specifically, in order to better improve the SLM forming quality of the large-size annular/frame-shaped metal piece, the utility model researches and designs the important process parameters such as laser beam power, spot diameter and the like, specifically, the power of the low-power and small-spot laser beam is less than 500W, and the spot diameter is less than 100 μm; the medium power and the power of the medium light spot laser beam are 500W-1000W, and the diameter of the light spot is 100 mu m-200 mu m; the power of the high-power large-spot laser beam is more than 1000W, preferably 2000W-10000W, more preferably 2000W-6000W, and the diameter of the spot is more than 200 μm, preferably 500 μm-1000 μm. The utility model discloses an in/low power of above-mentioned technology, well/little facula laser beam combines the high power, big facula laser beam, can effectively utilize the high accuracy of well/low power laser beam to take shape the advantage and the high efficiency of high power laser beam takes shape the advantage, the realization is taken into account the SLM of shaping efficiency and shaping precision and is taken shape, can also weaken the molten drop simultaneously and splash and the high phenomenon of fuse-element heap height, insufficient fusion when restraining high power laser SLM to take shape, the formation of inside metallurgical defects such as large granule inclusion, in addition, can also guarantee the abundant melting of regional marginal metal powder of high power laser action, make to form inseparable metallurgical bonding between high power laser shaping region and well/low power laser shaping region.
As shown in fig. 3, the forming cylinder 2 includes an outer cylinder wall 21 and an inner cylinder wall 22 which are coaxially disposed, the outer cylinder wall 21 is located outside an outer contour of the large-sized annular or frame-shaped metal member deposition layer, the inner cylinder wall 22 is located inside an inner contour of the large-sized annular or frame-shaped metal member deposition layer, an annular or frame-shaped substrate 3 is disposed inside the forming cylinder 2, the substrate 3 serves as a bottom plate for metal deposition, metal powder to be deposited is deposited on the substrate, and the up-and-down movement of the deposition layer can be realized by the up-and-down movement of the substrate.
In order to further promote the shaping quality, better utilize laser energy, the utility model discloses the focus of the laser beam of scanning processing unit 4 output is located shaping jar 2 upper surface.
In order to minimize the amount of redundant powder, the inner cylinder wall 22 of the forming cylinder 2 is spaced from the inner contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of the metal part by 0.1mm to 150mm, preferably by 1mm to 20mm, and the outer cylinder wall 21 is spaced from the outer contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of the metal part by 0.1mm to 150mm, preferably by 1mm to 20 mm. In order to facilitate the installation of the forming cylinder, the utility model discloses a SLM forming device still includes workstation 1, and forming cylinder 2 inlays the dress in workstation 1.
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention:
example 1
As shown In fig. 2 and 3, the utility model provides a SLM forming device of In718 nickel base superalloy aircraft engine annular cabin section of external diameter 1000mm, maximum wall thickness 15mm contains workstation 1, shaping jar 2, base plate 3, scanning processing array, wherein:
the forming cylinder 2 and the base plate 3 are positioned in the center of the workbench 1, are both annular and are adaptive to the outline of an annular cabin section; when SLM forming is carried out, the outer side wall 21 of the forming cylinder 2 is positioned at the outer side of the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer 6, and the distance S is between the outer side wall and the outer contour15mm, the inner wall 22 of the forming cylinder 2 is located inside the inner contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of metal part at a distance S2Is 5 mm;
the scanning processing array is positioned above the workbench 1 and comprises 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape; the field of each scanning processing unit 4 covers 1/8 (i.e. 1/8 rings) of the forming cylinder 2; 1/8 circular rings are moved along the circumferential direction of the circular rings by 4 scanning processing units 4, so that the sum of the fields of the circular rings can cover the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
each scanning processing unit 4 comprises two sets of scanning galvanometer systems 5, and the two sets of scanning galvanometer systems 5 are specifically the combination of a biaxial scanning galvanometer and an F-theta focusing mirror; wherein, one set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is externally connected with a high-power (6000W) laser source, and the other set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is externally connected with a low-power (200W) laser source, thereby simultaneously or alternatively outputting a high-power (1000-.
To improve the forming quality, the distance H between the scanning processing unit 4 and the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2 is adjusted1The laser focus of the scanning processing unit 4 is just positioned on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2. Meanwhile, the output power of the high-power laser beam is adjusted to 4000W, the diameter of a light spot is adjusted to 500 μm, and the output power of the low-power laser beam is adjusted to 180W, and the diameter of the light spot is adjusted to 80 μm.
The device has the following forming process:
step 1: determining a high-precision forming area and a high-efficiency forming area of the annular cabin section, wherein the high-precision forming area is a cabin section assembling area, and the rest areas are high-efficiency forming areas;
step 2: processing the digital-analog slices of the annular cabin section to form a laser scanning path of each metal piece laser cladding layer 6;
and 3, step 3: laying a layer of metal powder on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
and 4, step 4: the 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape perform SLM forming on the metal powder layer covered by the current scanning field according to a preset scanning path; wherein, a high-efficiency forming area in the current scanning field is formed by adopting a high-power large-spot laser beam with the output power of 4000W and the spot diameter of 500 mu m; adopting a low-power small-spot laser beam with the output power of 180W and the spot diameter of 80 mu m to form a high-precision forming area in the current scanning field;
and 5, step 5: after the SLM forming in the current scanning field is completed, the 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape move 1/8 circular rings along the annular circumferential direction respectively, and the SLM forming is performed on the rest metal powder layer according to the 4 th step until the SLM forming of the first layer of metal powder is completed, so that the substrate descends, and the descending height is the thickness of the slicing layer;
and 6, step 6: and repeating the steps 3-5 until the high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming of the annular cabin section of the In718 nickel-based superalloy aircraft engine is completed.
Example 2
As shown In fig. 4, the utility model provides a SLM forming device of In625 nickel base superalloy aircraft engine annular cabin section of external diameter 1200mm, maximum wall thickness 20mm contains workstation 1, shaping jar 2, base plate 3, scanning processing array, wherein:
the forming cylinder 2 and the base plate 3 are positioned in the center of the workbench 1, are both annular and are adaptive to the outline of an annular cabin section; when SLM forming is carried out, the outer side wall 21 of the forming cylinder 2 is positioned at the outer side of the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer 6, and the distance S is between the outer side wall and the outer contour18mm, the inner wall 22 of the forming cylinder 2 is located inside the inner contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of metal part at a distance S2Is 8 mm;
the scanning processing array is positioned above the workbench 1 and comprises 8 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape; the fields of each scanning processing unit 4 cover 1/8 (i.e. 1/8 circular rings) of the forming cylinder 2, so that the sum of their fields covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
each scanning processing unit 4 comprises a set of scanning galvanometer system 5, and the scanning galvanometer system 5 is specifically a dynamic focusing galvanometer module which is externally connected with a high-power (8000W) laser source and a medium-power (600W) laser source alternately, so that high-power (1000-.
To improve the forming quality, the distance H between the scanning processing unit 4 and the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2 is adjusted1The laser focus of the scanning processing unit 4 is just positioned on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2. Meanwhile, the output power of the high-power laser beam is adjusted to be 6000W, and the diameter of a light spot is adjusted to be 800 mum, the output power of the medium/low power laser beam is adjusted to 550W, and the spot diameter is 150 μm.
The device has the following forming process:
step 1: determining a high-precision forming area and a high-efficiency forming area of the annular cabin section, wherein the high-precision forming area is a cabin section assembling area, and the rest areas are high-efficiency forming areas;
step 2: processing the digital-analog slices of the annular cabin section to form a laser scanning path of each metal piece laser cladding layer;
and 3, step 3: laying a layer of metal powder on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
and 4, step 4: the 8 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape simultaneously perform SLM forming on the metal powder layer until the SLM forming of the first layer of metal powder is completed; wherein, a high-efficiency forming area in the current scanning field is formed by adopting a high-power large-spot laser beam with the output power of 6000W and the spot diameter of 800 mu m; forming a high-precision forming area in the current scanning field by using a medium-power light spot laser beam with the output power of 550W and the light spot diameter of 150 mu m, so that the substrate descends, and the descending height is the thickness of the sliced layer;
and 5, step 5: and repeating the steps 3-4 until the high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming of the annular cabin section of the In625 nickel-based superalloy aircraft engine is completed.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 5, the utility model provides a SLM forming device of 6xxx series high strength aluminum alloy annular missile casing of external diameter 900mm, maximum wall thickness 10mm contains workstation 1, shaping jar 2, base plate 3, scanning processing array, wherein:
the forming cylinder 2 and the base plate 3 are positioned in the center of the workbench 1, are both annular and are adaptive to the outline of an annular cabin section; when SLM forming is carried out, the outer side wall 21 of the forming cylinder 2 is positioned at the outer side of the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer 6, and the distance S is between the outer side wall and the outer contour115mm, the inner wall 22 of the forming cylinder 2 is located inside the inner contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of metal part at a distance S2Is 15 mm;
the scanning processing array is positioned above the workbench 1 and comprises 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape; the field of each scanning processing unit 4 covers 1/8 (i.e. 1/8 rings) of the forming cylinder 2; 1/8 circular rings are moved along the circumferential direction of the circular rings by 4 scanning processing units 4, so that the sum of the fields of the circular rings can cover the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
each scanning processing unit 4 comprises a set of scanning galvanometer system 5; the scanning galvanometer system 5 is a combination of a biaxial scanning galvanometer and an F-theta focusing mirror, which is alternately externally connected with a high-power (10000W) laser source and a medium-power (900W) laser source, so that high-power (1000 + 10000W), large-light-spot (>200 μm) laser beams and medium/low-power (no more than 900W) and medium/small-light-spot (< 200 μm) laser beams can be alternately output.
To improve the forming quality, the distance H between the scanning processing unit 4 and the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2 is adjusted1The laser focus of the scanning processing unit 4 is just positioned on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2. Meanwhile, the output power of the high-power laser beam is adjusted to 8000W, the spot diameter is 1000 μm, and the output power of the medium/low-power laser beam is adjusted to 850W, the spot diameter is 180 μm.
The device has the following forming process:
step 1: determining a high-precision forming area and a high-efficiency forming area of the annular missile shell; the high-precision forming area is a shell head, and the rest areas are high-efficiency forming areas;
step 2: processing digital-analog slices of the annular missile shell to form laser scanning paths of the metal piece laser cladding layers 6;
and 3, step 3: laying a layer of metal powder on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
and 4, step 4: the 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape perform SLM forming on the metal powder layer covered by the current scanning field according to a preset scanning path; wherein, a high-efficiency forming area in the current scanning field is formed by adopting a high-power large-spot laser beam with the output power of 8000W and the spot diameter of 1000 mu m; forming a high-precision forming area in the current scanning field by using a medium-power light spot laser beam with the output power of 850W and the light spot diameter of 180 mu m;
and 5, step 5: after the SLM forming in the current scanning field is completed, the 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed in an annular shape move 1/8 circular rings along the annular circumferential direction respectively, and the SLM forming is performed on the rest metal powder layer according to the 4 th step until the SLM forming of the first layer of metal powder is completed, so that the substrate descends, and the descending height is the thickness of the slicing layer;
and 6, step 6: and repeating the steps 3-5 until the high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming of the 6xxx series high-strength aluminum alloy annular missile shell is completed.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 6, the utility model provides a frame length 1000mm, the SLM forming device of the square aircraft carriage of TC4 titanium alloy of maximum wall thickness 40mm contains workstation 1, shaping jar 2, base plate 3, scanning processing array, wherein:
the forming cylinder 2 and the substrate 3 are positioned at the center of the workbench 1, are both in a square frame shape and are adapted to the outline of a square airplane support frame; when SLM forming is carried out, the outer side wall 21 of the forming cylinder 2 is positioned at the outer side of the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer 6, and the distance S is between the outer side wall and the outer contour15mm, the inner wall 22 of the forming cylinder 2 is located inside the inner contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of metal part at a distance S2Is 5 mm;
the scanning processing array is positioned above the workbench 1 and comprises 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed along a square frame; the sweep of each scanning processing unit 4 covers 1/2 frames of the forming cylinder 2; the sum of the fields of sweeping of the 4 scanning processing units 4 can cover the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2 by moving the 4 scanning processing units 4 along the peripheral direction of the frames for 1/2 lengths of the frames;
each scanning processing unit 4 comprises two sets of scanning galvanometer systems 5; the two scanning galvanometer systems 5 are both specifically the combination of a biaxial scanning galvanometer and an F-theta focusing mirror; wherein, one set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is externally connected with a high-power (6000W) laser source, and the other set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is externally connected with a low-power (200W) laser source, thereby simultaneously or alternatively outputting a high-power (1000-.
To improve the forming quality, the distance H between the scanning processing unit 4 and the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2 is adjusted1The laser focus of the scanning processing unit 4 is just positioned on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2. Meanwhile, the output power of the high-power laser beam is adjusted to 4000W, the diameter of a light spot is adjusted to 500 μm, and the output power of the low-power laser beam is adjusted to 180W, and the diameter of the light spot is adjusted to 80 μm.
The device has the following forming process:
step 1: determining a high-precision forming area and a high-efficiency forming area of the square airplane supporting frame; the high-precision forming area is a supporting frame assembling area, and the rest areas are high-efficiency forming areas;
step 2: processing digital-analog slices of the square airplane support frame to form laser scanning paths of the metal piece laser cladding layers 6;
and 3, step 3: laying a layer of metal powder on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
and 4, step 4: 4 scanning processing units 4 uniformly distributed along the square frame perform SLM forming on the metal powder layer covered by the current scanning field according to a preset scanning path; wherein, a high-efficiency forming area in the current scanning field is formed by adopting a high-power large-spot laser beam with the output power of 4000W and the spot diameter of 500 mu m; adopting a low-power small-spot laser beam with the output power of 180W and the spot diameter of 80 mu m to form a high-precision forming area in the current scanning field;
and 5, step 5: after the SLM in the current scanning field is formed, 4 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed along the frame of the square frame move for 1/2 lengths of the frame along the circumferential direction of the frame respectively, and the rest metal powder layer is subjected to SLM forming according to the mode of the step 4 until the SLM forming of the first layer of metal powder is completed, so that the substrate descends, and the descending height is the thickness of the sliced layer;
and 6, step 6: and repeating the steps 3-5 until the high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming of the TC4 titanium alloy square airplane support frame is completed.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 7, the utility model provides a frame length 1200mm, the SLM forming device of the square aircraft carriage of TA15 titanium alloy of maximum wall thickness 45mm contains workstation 1, shaping jar 2, base plate 3, scanning processing array, wherein:
the forming cylinder 2 and the substrate 3 are positioned at the center of the workbench 1, are both in a square frame shape and are adapted to the outline of a square airplane support frame; when SLM forming is carried out, the outer side wall 21 of the forming cylinder 2 is positioned at the outer side of the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer 6, and the distance S is between the outer side wall and the outer contour18mm, the inner wall 22 of the forming cylinder 2 is located inside the inner contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of metal part at a distance S2Is 8 mm;
the scanning processing array is positioned above the workbench 1 and comprises 8 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed along a square frame; the fields of each scanning and processing unit 4 cover 1/2 borders of the forming cylinder 2, so that the sum of their fields covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
each scanning processing unit 4 comprises two sets of scanning galvanometer systems 5; the two scanning galvanometer systems 5 are both dynamic focusing galvanometer modules; one set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is externally connected with a high-power (8000W) laser source, and the other set of scanning galvanometer system 5 is externally connected with a medium-power (600W) laser source, so that high-power (1000-.
To improve the forming quality, the distance H between the scanning processing unit 4 and the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2 is adjusted1The laser focus of the scanning processing unit 4 is just positioned on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2. Meanwhile, the output power of the high-power laser beam is adjusted to 6000W, the diameter of the light spot is 800 μm, and the output power of the medium/low-power laser beam is adjusted to 550W, and the diameter of the light spot is 150 μm.
The device has the following forming process:
step 1: determining a high-precision forming area and a high-efficiency forming area of the square airplane supporting frame; the high-precision forming area is a supporting frame assembling area, and the rest areas are high-efficiency forming areas;
step 2: processing digital-analog slices of the square airplane support frame to form laser scanning paths of the metal piece laser cladding layers 6;
and 3, step 3: laying a layer of metal powder on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
and 4, step 4: the 8 scanning processing units 4 uniformly distributed along the square frame simultaneously perform SLM forming on the metal powder layer until the SLM forming of the first layer of metal powder is completed; wherein, a high-efficiency forming area in the current scanning field is formed by adopting a high-power large-spot laser beam with the output power of 6000W and the spot diameter of 800 mu m; forming a high-precision forming area in the current scanning field by using a medium-power light spot laser beam with the output power of 550W and the light spot diameter of 150 mu m, so that the substrate descends, and the descending height is the thickness of the sliced layer;
and 5, step 5: and repeating the steps 3-4 until the high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming of the TA15 titanium alloy square airplane support frame is completed.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 8, the utility model provides a frame length 1200mm, the SLM forming device of the square aircraft carriage of TA7 titanium alloy of maximum wall thickness 45mm contains workstation 1, shaping jar 2, base plate 3, scanning processing array, wherein:
the forming cylinder 2 and the substrate 3 are positioned at the center of the workbench 1, are both in a square frame shape and are adapted to the outline of a square airplane support frame; when SLM forming is carried out, the outer side wall 21 of the forming cylinder 2 is positioned at the outer side of the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer 6, and the distance S is between the outer side wall and the outer contour115mm, the inner wall 22 of the forming cylinder 2 is located inside the inner contour of the laser cladding layer 6 of metal part at a distance S2Is 15 mm;
the scanning processing array is positioned above the workbench 1 and comprises 8 scanning processing units 4 which are uniformly distributed along a square frame; the fields of each scanning and processing unit 4 cover 1/2 borders of the forming cylinder 2, so that the sum of their fields covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
each scanning processing unit 4 comprises a set of scanning galvanometer system 5; the scanning galvanometer system 5 is a combination of a biaxial scanning galvanometer and an F-theta focusing mirror, and is externally connected with a high-power (10000W) laser source and a medium-power (900W) laser source alternately, so that high-power (1000 + 10000W), large-light-spot (>200 μm) laser beams, medium/low-power (not more than 900W) laser beams and medium/small-light-spot (< 200 μm) laser beams can be output alternately.
For lifting formingMass, adjusting the distance H between the scanning unit 4 and the upper surface of the forming cylinder 21The laser focus of the scanning processing unit 4 is just positioned on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2. Meanwhile, the output power of the high-power laser beam is adjusted to 8000W, the spot diameter is 1000 μm, and the output power of the medium/low-power laser beam is adjusted to 850W, the spot diameter is 180 μm.
The device has the following forming process:
step 1: determining a high-precision forming area and a high-efficiency forming area of the square airplane supporting frame; the high-precision forming area is a supporting frame assembling area, and the rest areas are high-efficiency forming areas;
step 2: processing digital-analog slices of the square airplane support frame to form laser scanning paths of the metal piece laser cladding layers 6;
and 3, step 3: laying a layer of metal powder on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2;
and 4, step 4: the 8 scanning processing units 4 uniformly distributed along the square frame simultaneously perform SLM forming on the metal powder layer until the SLM forming of the first layer of metal powder is completed; wherein, a high-efficiency forming area in the current scanning field is formed by adopting a high-power large-spot laser beam with the output power of 8000W and the spot diameter of 1000 mu m; forming a high-precision forming area in the current scanning field by using a medium-power light spot laser beam with the output power of 850W and the light spot diameter of 180 mu m, so that the substrate descends, and the descending height is the thickness of the sliced layer;
and 5, step 5: and repeating the steps 3-4 until the high-efficiency and high-precision SLM forming of the TA7 titanium alloy square airplane support frame is completed.
In a word, the utility model discloses can effectively compromise forming efficiency and shaping precision, can realize that the SLM of high efficiency, high accuracy, high powder utilization ratio of jumbo size annular/frame shape metalwork (generally refer to the annular metalwork that the external diameter is not less than 250mm, maximum wall thickness is not more than 30 mm; and the frame maximum length is not less than 250mm, maximum wall thickness is not more than 30mm takes shape).
It is only to go up the utility model discloses a preferred example is based on the utility model discloses a thought still can design multiple take into account the SLM of jumbo size annular/frame shape metalwork of forming efficiency and machining precision and equip and the method. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. High efficiency high accuracy SLM forming device of annular/frame shape metal part, its characterized in that, including annular/frame shape take shape jar (2), annular/frame shape base plate (3) and scanning processing array, wherein:
the substrate (3) is arranged in the forming cylinder (2), the scanning processing array is positioned above the forming cylinder (2), the scanning processing array comprises a plurality of scanning processing units (4), the sum of effective fields of the scanning processing units (4) covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder (2), or the sum of the effective fields of the scanning processing units (4) covers the upper surface of the forming cylinder (2) through the movement of the scanning processing units;
the scanning processing unit (4) is used for outputting high-power large-spot laser beams and medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams simultaneously or alternatively so as to realize high-efficiency SLM forming by using the high-power large-spot laser beams and realize high-precision SLM forming by using the medium/low-power medium/small-spot laser beams.
2. The SLM forming device for ring/frame shaped metal parts with high efficiency and high accuracy as claimed in claim 1, characterized by that the scanning process unit (4) comprises a set of scanning galvanometer system (5) outputting alternatively high power, large spot laser beam and medium/low power, medium/small spot laser beam.
3. The SLM forming device of claim 1, wherein the scanning processing unit (4) comprises two sets of scanning galvanometer systems (5) for outputting high power, large spot laser beam and medium/low power, medium/small spot laser beam, respectively, thereby realizing simultaneous or alternate output of high power, large spot laser beam and medium/low power, medium/small spot laser beam.
4. High-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device for ring/frame metal parts according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the scanning galvanometer system (5) is a combination of biaxial galvanometers and F-theta focusing mirrors or dynamic focusing galvanometers.
5. The high efficiency, high accuracy SLM device for ring/frame shaped metal parts according to claim 1 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the power of the high power, large spot laser beam is > 1000W and the spot diameter >200 μm.
6. The high efficiency, high accuracy SLM forming apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the high power, large spot laser beam has a power of 2000W to 6000W and a spot diameter of 500 μm to 1000 μm.
7. The high efficiency, high accuracy SLM forming device for ring/frame shaped metal parts according to claim 1 c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the power of the low power, small spot laser beam is < 500W, the spot diameter < 100 μm; the power of the medium power and the power of the medium light spot laser beam are 500W-1000W, and the diameter of the light spot is 100 mu m-200 mu m.
8. The high-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device of ring/frame shaped metal parts as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the inner cylinder wall of the forming cylinder (2) and the inner contour of the laser cladding layer of the metal part is 0.1mm-150 mm; the distance between the outer side cylinder wall of the forming cylinder (2) and the outer contour of the metal piece laser cladding layer is 0.1mm-150 mm.
9. The SLM forming device of high efficiency and high precision of ring/frame shaped metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the SLM forming device further comprises a bench, the forming cylinder (2) is embedded in the bench.
10. The high-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device of ring/frame shaped metal parts as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the focal point of the laser beam outputted by the scanning processing unit (4) is located on the upper surface of the forming cylinder (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022222921.6U CN213916102U (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | High-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device for annular/frame-shaped metal parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022222921.6U CN213916102U (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | High-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device for annular/frame-shaped metal parts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213916102U true CN213916102U (en) | 2021-08-10 |
Family
ID=77218866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022222921.6U Active CN213916102U (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | High-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device for annular/frame-shaped metal parts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN213916102U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114289736A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 天津镭明激光科技有限公司 | Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202022222921.6U patent/CN213916102U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114289736A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 天津镭明激光科技有限公司 | Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102328081B (en) | Method for rapidly forming three-dimensional metal parts by high-power lasers | |
| WO2021017129A1 (en) | Additive fabrication device and forming method | |
| CN104668563B (en) | A kind of high energy beam increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus with high powder stock utilization rate | |
| CN107262713B (en) | Laser impact forging composite processing and forming device and method for coaxial powder feeding in light | |
| CN103920877B (en) | A kind of SLM manufactures metal parts and easily removes support structure designs method | |
| CN109202082B (en) | Additive, equal-material and subtractive composite metal 3D laser forming device and method thereof | |
| CN102179517A (en) | Laser-induction hybrid melting direct forming method and device | |
| CN202052935U (en) | Laser-induction hybrid melting direct-forming device | |
| CN110369727A (en) | A kind of method of the selective laser melting processing without the horizontal hanging structure of longitudinal bracing | |
| CN109926584A (en) | A kind of increasing material manufacturing and surface polishing synchronous processing method and device | |
| CN105983786B (en) | A method of glass processing is realized using laser | |
| CN110538995A (en) | selective laser melting forming device and method for large-size annular/frame-shaped metal piece | |
| CN109175367B (en) | Additive and equal-material composite metal 3D laser forming device and method thereof | |
| CN213916102U (en) | High-efficiency high-precision SLM forming device for annular/frame-shaped metal parts | |
| CN108247050A (en) | A kind of large scale load gimbal integral manufacturing method | |
| CN207681748U (en) | A kind of laser deburring processing unit (plant) | |
| CN111992879A (en) | Device for composite manufacturing based on laser shock peening and laser material increase and decrease | |
| CN210966978U (en) | Selective laser melting forming device for large-size annular/frame-shaped metal piece | |
| CN217315884U (en) | High-energy laser material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing device | |
| CN107498053B (en) | A method of it is high to eliminate edge heap in laser gain material manufacture forming | |
| CN111575702A (en) | Laser cladding method and system | |
| US11565349B2 (en) | Composite device for high-precision laser additive/subtractive manufacturing | |
| CN107234239B (en) | The arc deposited laser of robot pose control forges increasing material manufacturing method and equipment | |
| CN112276081B (en) | Double-beam SLM (selective laser melting) forming method and system giving consideration to forming efficiency and forming quality | |
| CN113199140A (en) | Nano-pico femtosecond combined laser parallel finishing and polishing processing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |