CN114289736A - Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof - Google Patents

Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114289736A
CN114289736A CN202111637182.XA CN202111637182A CN114289736A CN 114289736 A CN114289736 A CN 114289736A CN 202111637182 A CN202111637182 A CN 202111637182A CN 114289736 A CN114289736 A CN 114289736A
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module
powder
printing
circular
piston
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CN202111637182.XA
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张君利
姜欢欢
关凯
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Tianjin Radium Laser Technology Co ltd
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Tianjin Radium Laser Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111637182.XA priority Critical patent/CN114289736A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and a printing control method thereof, wherein the metal printing equipment comprises a circumferential powder falling module, a powder spreading module, a multi-laser optical system module, a circular forming cabin module, a cylinder module, a piston module, a Z-axis driving module and a circular wind field module; the powder paving module is used for paving powder falling from the circumferential powder falling module; the circular forming cabin module is arranged on the cylinder body module, a filling body is arranged in the cylinder body module, an annular printing space for storing printing parts is formed in the cylinder body module, the piston module is positioned in the annular printing space, the inner side and the outer side of the piston module are respectively sealed with the filling body and the cylinder body module, and the piston module is controlled to lift through the Z-axis driving module; the air suction opening and the air blowing opening of the circular wind field module are arranged on the cylinder body module and are respectively positioned on the inner side and the outer side of the circular ring part printing area. The invention greatly reduces the powder waste, improves the printing efficiency of the equipment and is suitable for printing all circular ring parts.

Description

Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of selective laser melting equipment, and particularly relates to metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and a printing control method thereof.
Background
The printing market for large-scale circular ring parts in the current market is becoming huge, such as various cylinders, missile shells and the like. The consumed powder for printing the parts is not much actually, but the rectangular full-width powder paving is still used for printing large circular ring parts at present, a large amount of powder needs to be stored in printing equipment, and the excessive powder is more and more serious in retention and consumption; meanwhile, the problem that the left and right wind fields of the traditional printing equipment have poor dust removal effect in large-scale printing equipment is considered, and the quality of printed parts is unqualified.
In addition, the printing mode of the existing equipment is that powder is spread on the whole width and then laser printing is carried out, and the printing efficiency is low. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a printing apparatus and a printing method suitable for large-sized circular ring-shaped parts.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and a printing control method thereof, the printing equipment greatly reduces the waste of powder, and the improved printing mode is that powder spreading and laser printing are carried out simultaneously, so that the printing efficiency of the equipment is improved; and is suitable for all equipment for printing circular ring parts and most special-shaped part printing equipment.
The metal printing equipment for the large-scale circular ring parts comprises a circumferential powder falling module, a powder spreading module, a multi-laser optical system module, a circular forming cabin module, a cylinder body module, a piston module, a Z-axis driving module and a circular wind field module; the powder spreading module is used for driving and controlling powder falling from the circumferential powder falling module to be spread; the circular forming cabin module is arranged on the cylinder body module, a filling body is arranged in the cylinder body module, an annular printing space for displaying and printing parts is formed in the cylinder body module, the piston module is positioned in the annular printing space, the inner side and the outer side of the piston module are respectively sealed with the filling body and the cylinder body module, a forming base plate is arranged on the top surface of the piston module, and the piston module and the forming base plate are controlled to lift through a Z-axis driving module; the circular wind field module comprises an air suction opening and a blowing opening, wherein the air suction opening and the blowing opening are arranged on the cylinder body module and are respectively positioned on the inner side and the outer side of the circular ring part printing area.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the circumferential powder dropping module includes a powder guide rod and a powder supply barrel, the powder guide rod is rotatably mounted on the circular forming chamber module through a bearing, and the top end of the powder guide rod is connected to the powder supply barrel; spread the powder module and include servo motor, speed reducer one, initiative synchronizing wheel, hold-in range, driven synchronizing wheel, scrape knife rest and scraper, servo motor passes through the speed reducer and connects the initiative synchronizing wheel, the initiative synchronizing wheel passes through the hold-in range and connects driven synchronizing wheel, driven synchronizing wheel with lead the powder pole and be connected, it connects to lead powder pole bottom scrape the knife rest, the installation of scraper knife rest the powder is spread to the scraper, control scraper.
In the above technical solution, it is further preferable that the top end of the powder guide rod is connected to the powder supply barrel through a floating joint, and the powder supply barrel is fixed above the circular forming cabin module, so that the powder supply barrel does not rotate when the powder guide rod rotates.
In the above technical scheme, it is further preferred that an equal division inner flow channel is arranged in the scraper frame, and the scraper is circular in shape.
In the above technical solution, it is further preferable that a wind shield is disposed on the scraper holder near the air inlet side for shielding a wind field in an electrically controlled scraper working area.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the air suction port and the air blowing port are both circular, one of which is located in the middle of the circular forming cabin module through the filling body, the other is located at the periphery of the circular forming cabin module,
in the above technical solution, preferably, the cylinder module includes a circular sealing cylinder, the packing body is fixed on a bottom plate of the circular sealing cylinder, an inner seal of the piston module is formed between the piston module and the packing body through a packing seal ring installed on an inner ring of the piston module, and an outer seal of the piston is formed between the piston module and the cylinder module through a cylinder seal ring installed on an outer ring of the piston module.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the Z-axis driving module includes a Z-axis driving motor, a second speed reducer, a Z-axis screw pair, a lower fixing plate and an upper fixing plate, the Z-axis driving motor is connected with the bottom end of the Z-axis screw pair through the second speed reducer, the bottom of the Z-axis screw pair is installed on the lower fixing plate through a bearing seat, a nut of the Z-axis screw pair is installed on a bottom plate of the circular sealing cylinder, the top end of the Z-axis screw pair is connected with the upper fixing plate through a bearing, and the upper fixing plate is connected with the piston module.
The printing control method of the metal printing equipment for the large-scale circular ring parts comprises the following specific control methods:
dividing an annular printing space in the cylinder module into a plurality of subareas, and correspondingly setting the starting point end of each subarea as the printing starting point of the subarea according to the powder laying direction of a scraper;
the powder continuously falls from the circumferential powder falling module, and the powder is uniformly spread in each subarea according to the powder spreading direction of the scraper by the powder spreading module;
when the scraper passes through the printing starting point of each subarea, the corresponding position signal is transmitted to the control system, and the laser printing can be carried out on the previous subarea.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the printing equipment can perform circular motion powder laying along the circular ring of the printing part, does not need a complex quantitative powder falling device, can perform full-period endless circular motion powder laying at the position where the powder is required to be laid, and is electrically controlled by the required laser avoiding layer and the Z-axis descending layer.
2. The printing equipment of the invention is provided with the circular air blowing and sucking opening parts on the inner side and the outer side of the printing part, so that a narrower and uniform wind field is easier to establish, and better molding quality is realized.
3. According to the printing equipment disclosed by the invention, the space of the cylinder body in the printing part is filled, so that the powder in a non-printing interval is saved, and the waste of the powder is greatly reduced.
4. The invention adopts a printing mode of subarea printing to subarea the ring, when the powder spreading of the current subarea is finished, the subarea is printed immediately, the powder spreading and the laser printing are separated in space, and the powder spreading and the laser printing are carried out simultaneously in time, thereby not only avoiding the influence of the powder spreading on the laser printing, but also greatly improving the printing efficiency of the equipment; the control method is partitioned by the position signals, is easy to realize, has low cost and is easy to popularize.
5. In the control method, the time for finishing powder spreading of all the partitions is far longer than the starting time of laser scanning of the first partition, so that the powder spreading structure stays at the printing starting point of the first partition after the powder spreading of the current layer is finished, and the laser printing of the first partition cannot be influenced; and is not limited to the number of partitions, and is suitable for printing control of more or less partitions.
6. The invention can solve the problems of oversize printing equipment and complex structure of large-scale circular ring parts, and simultaneously solves the problems of printing quality and large amount of powder retention of large equipment; and is suitable for printing all circular ring parts and printing most special parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal printing apparatus for large-scale circular ring parts according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Z-axis driving module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a printing control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a print control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a supply powder barrel; 2. a rotary joint; 3. a bearing; 4. a powder guide rod; 5. a doctor holder; 6. a servo motor; 7. a first speed reducer; 8. a driving synchronizing wheel; 9. a synchronous belt; 10. a driven synchronizing wheel; 11. an air suction opening; 12. an air blowing port; 13. printing the part; 14. forming a substrate; 15. filling a sealing ring; 16. a cylinder body sealing ring; 17. a filler; 18. a circular sealed cylinder body; 18-1, a bottom plate; 19. a Z-axis screw pair; 20. a Z-axis drive motor; 21. a multi-laser optical system; 22. a circular molding cabin; 23. a piston module; 24. a wind deflector; 25. a second speed reducer; 26. a lower fixing plate; 27. and an upper fixing plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a metal printing apparatus for large-sized circular ring-shaped parts, including a circumferential powder dropping module, a powder spreading module, a multi-laser optical system module, a circular forming cabin module, a cylinder module, a piston module, a Z-axis driving module, and a circular wind field module.
The circular powder falling module, the powder paving module and the multi-laser optical system module are all installed above the circular forming cabin module, and the powder paving module is used for driving and controlling the powder falling from the circular powder falling module to be paved. The circumference powder falling module is including leading powder pole 4 and supplying with powder bucket 1, lead rotatable the installing on circular shaping cabin module of powder pole 4 through bearing 3, lead 4 tops of powder pole and connect supply with powder bucket 1, it is specific, lead 4 tops of powder pole and connect through unsteady joint 2 supply with powder bucket 1, supply with powder bucket 1 and fix in circular shaping cabin module top, supply with powder bucket 1 and can not rotate thereupon when making lead powder pole 4 and rotate. Spread the powder module and include servo motor 6, speed reducer 7, initiative synchronizing wheel 8, hold-in range 9, driven synchronizing wheel 10, scrape knife rest 5 and scraper, servo motor 6 connects initiative synchronizing wheel 8 through speed reducer 7, initiative synchronizing wheel 8 is connected through hold-in range 9 driven synchronizing wheel 10, driven synchronizing wheel 10 with lead powder pole 4 and be connected, it connects to lead 4 bottoms of powder pole scrape knife rest 5, scrape the installation on the knife rest 5 the scraper, the control scraper spreads the powder.
An equal-distribution inner flow channel is arranged in the scraper frame 5, and the scraper is circular. A wind shield 24 is arranged on the scraper frame 5 near the air inlet side and used for shielding a wind field in an electrically controlled scraper working area so as to avoid powder blowing.
The circular forming cabin module is arranged on the cylinder body module, a filling body 17 is arranged in the cylinder body module, the cylinder body module comprises a circular sealing cylinder body 18, and the filling body 17 is fixed on a bottom plate 18-1 of the circular sealing cylinder body 18, so that an annular printing space for storing printing parts 13 is formed in the cylinder body module; the piston module 23 is located in the annular printing space, the piston module 23 and the filler 17 form internal sealing of the piston module 23 through a filler sealing ring 15 arranged on an inner ring of the piston module 23, and the piston module 23 and the cylinder module form external sealing of a piston through a cylinder sealing ring 16 arranged on an outer ring of the piston module 23. The top surface of the piston module 23 is provided with a forming substrate 14, and the piston module 23 and the forming substrate 14 are controlled to lift through a Z-axis driving module.
The Z-axis driving module comprises a Z-axis driving motor 20, a second speed reducer 25, a Z-axis screw pair 19, a lower fixing plate 26 and an upper fixing plate 27, the Z-axis driving motor 20 is connected with the bottom end of the Z-axis screw pair 19 through the second speed reducer 25, the bottom of the Z-axis screw pair 19 is installed on the lower fixing plate 26 through a bearing seat, a nut of the Z-axis screw pair 19 is installed on a bottom plate 18-1 of the round sealing cylinder 18, the top end of the Z-axis screw pair 19 is connected with the upper fixing plate 27 through a bearing, and the upper fixing plate 27 is connected with the piston module 23.
The circular wind field module comprises an air suction opening 11 and an air blowing opening 12, wherein the air suction opening 11 and the air blowing opening 12 are installed on the cylinder body module and are respectively positioned on the inner side and the outer side of the printing area of the circular ring parts. The air suction opening 11 and the air blowing opening 12 are both circular, wherein the air blowing opening 12 penetrates through the filling body 17 and is located in the middle of the circular forming cabin module, and the air suction opening 11 is located on the periphery of the circular forming cabin module.
The circular forming cabin module comprises a circular forming cabin 22 which is used as a sealed space for printing; the multi-laser optical system module comprises a multi-laser optical system 21 which is arranged above the circular forming cabin 22 to finish light emitting work; the multi-laser optical system 21 is preferably 4 lasers, and may be 6 lasers, 8 lasers or 10 lasers, without limitation. The floating joint 2 is arranged above the powder guide rod 4, the powder supply barrel 1 is arranged above the floating joint 2, the powder supply barrel 1 is fixed above the circular forming cabin 22, and the floating joint 2 is used for connecting the powder supply barrel 1 with the powder guide rod 4 and preventing the powder supply barrel 1 from rotating along with the powder guide rod 4 when the powder guide rod 4 rotates. Meanwhile, a servo motor 6 and a speed reducer 7 are arranged above the circular forming cabin 22, a driving synchronous wheel 8 is connected with a synchronous belt 9 and then connected with a driven synchronous wheel 10, and further connected with a powder guide rod 4 with a bearing 3 as a rotary support, and finally connected with a scraper frame 5, and a scraper on the scraper frame 5 is controlled to spread powder.
When circumferential powder paving is carried out, continuous powder paving can be carried out, electric control of avoidance of a laser light path and a Z-axis descending layer is carried out at the moment, intermittent powder paving can also be carried out, and after the Z-axis descending layer is carried out during intermittent powder paving, a scraper carries out powder re-paving operation in a return-stroke one-section mode.
Supply with powder bucket 1 and can be for incessant feed or be interrupted the feed, the implementation of being interrupted the feed relies on to settle the valve in 2 tops of floating joint or below and realizes, and implementation frequency can be supplied with once after the powder is spread to every rotation round according to the scraper and go on, also can supply once after for many circles of rotation and go on, and concrete number of turns can be set for according to the demand.
The powder feed path may be plural, that is, provided with plural scraper holders 5 and plural scrapers, without limitation to the number. The powder spreading efficiency of the same powder can be improved; in addition, multi-channel powder supply of different powders can be realized, and superposition printing of composite materials is realized. The multi-blade drive can be single-control or multi-control according to the control.
The circular sealing cylinder body 18 is used as a basic frame of the equipment, the circular forming cabin 22, the circular air suction opening 11 and the circular air blowing opening 12 are all seated on the circular sealing cylinder body 18, the circular air suction opening 11 is positioned at the outermost periphery of the circular forming cabin 22, the circular air blowing opening 12 is positioned in the middle of the circular forming cabin 22 and penetrates through the filling body 17 to be connected with an external dust removal auxiliary machine, the filling body 17 is fixed on a bottom plate 18-1 of the circular sealing cylinder body 18, and the inner seal of the piston is formed by a packing seal ring 15 arranged on the inner ring of the piston module 23 and a packing body 17, the outer ring of the piston module 23 is provided with a cylinder seal ring 16 and a round sealing cylinder 18 to form the outer seal of the piston, a forming substrate 14 is arranged above the piston module 23, the lower part of the piston module 23 is connected on an upper fixing plate 27 of a double-Z-axis screw rod pair 19, and a Z-axis driving motor 20 is connected below the Z-axis screw rod pair 19. This application adopts two Z axle drive module, and the drive can be single electric two drives, also can be two electric two drives, and control piston module 23 is elevating movement to accessible high accuracy grating chi accomplishes closed loop feedback.
The printing control method of the metal printing equipment for the large-scale circular ring parts comprises the following specific control methods:
dividing an annular printing space in the cylinder module into a plurality of subareas, and correspondingly setting the starting point end of each subarea as the printing starting point of the subarea according to the powder laying direction of a scraper;
the powder continuously falls from the circumferential powder falling module, and the powder is uniformly spread in each subarea according to the powder spreading direction of the scraper by the powder spreading module;
when the scraper passes through the printing starting point of each subarea, the corresponding position signal is transmitted to the control system, and the laser printing can be carried out on the previous subarea.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, a in the figure is a first partition of the annular printing space, and a first laser of the multi-laser optical system 21 is responsible for printing the first partition; in the figure, b is a second subarea of the annular printing space, and the second laser of the multi-laser optical system 21 is responsible for printing the second subarea; in the figure, c is a third partition of the annular printing space, and the third partition is printed by the third laser of the multi-laser optical system 21; in the figure d is the fourth sector of the annular printing space, the fourth sector being printed by the fourth laser of the multi-laser optical system 21.
The annular printing space is divided into four subareas, namely a subarea, b subarea, c subarea and d subarea, and laser printing is carried out respectively. The powder continuously falls into the powder paving module from the circumferential powder falling module, and the powder paving module evenly paves the powder into the four subareas according to the powder paving direction of the scraper. A in the figure is a printing starting point of a first partition, and when the control system receives a position signal B, the laser is started to start scanning the first partition; b is a printing starting point of the second partition, and when the control system receives the position signal C, the second laser is started to start scanning the second partition; c is a printing starting point of the third partition, and when the control system receives the D position signal, the laser is started to scan the third partition; d is the printing starting point of the fourth partition, and when the control system receives the position signal A, the laser is started to start scanning the fourth partition.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and the modifications or the replacements may not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a metal printing equipment to large-scale ring class part which characterized in that: the device comprises a circumferential powder falling module, a powder spreading module, a multi-laser optical system module, a circular forming cabin module, a cylinder module, a piston module, a Z-axis driving module and a circular wind field module; the powder spreading module is used for spreading powder falling from the circumferential powder falling module; the circular forming cabin module is arranged on the cylinder body module, a filling body is arranged in the cylinder body module, an annular printing space for displaying and printing parts is formed in the cylinder body module, the piston module is positioned in the annular printing space, the inner side and the outer side of the piston module are respectively sealed with the filling body and the cylinder body module, a forming base plate is arranged on the top surface of the piston module, and the piston module and the forming base plate are controlled to lift through a Z-axis driving module; the circular wind field module comprises an air suction opening and a blowing opening, wherein the air suction opening and the blowing opening are arranged on the cylinder body module and are respectively positioned on the inner side and the outer side of the circular ring part printing area.
2. Metal printing device for large ring type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circumferential powder falling module comprises a powder guide rod and a powder supply barrel, the powder guide rod is rotatably arranged on the circular forming cabin module through a bearing, and the top end of the powder guide rod is connected with the powder supply barrel; spread the powder module and include servo motor, speed reducer one, initiative synchronizing wheel, hold-in range, driven synchronizing wheel, scrape knife rest and scraper, servo motor passes through the speed reducer and connects the initiative synchronizing wheel, the initiative synchronizing wheel passes through the hold-in range and connects driven synchronizing wheel, driven synchronizing wheel with lead the powder pole and be connected, it connects to lead powder pole bottom scrape the knife rest, the installation of scraper knife rest the powder is spread to the scraper, control scraper.
3. The metal printing device for the large-sized circular ring type part according to claim 2, wherein: the top end of the powder guide rod is connected with the powder supply barrel through a floating joint, and the powder supply barrel is fixed above the circular forming cabin module, so that the powder supply barrel cannot rotate along with the rotation of the powder guide rod when the powder guide rod rotates.
4. Metal printing device for large ring type parts according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: an equal-dividing inner flow channel is arranged in the scraper frame, and the scraper is circular.
5. Metal printing device for large ring type parts according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: and a wind shield is arranged on the scraper frame close to the air inlet side and used for shielding a wind field in an electrically controlled scraper working area.
6. Metal printing device for large ring type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air suction opening and the air blowing opening are circular, one of the air suction opening and the air blowing opening penetrates through the filling body and is located in the middle of the circular forming cabin module, and the other air suction opening and the air blowing opening are located on the periphery of the circular forming cabin module.
7. Metal printing device for large ring type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the piston module is characterized in that the cylinder module comprises a circular sealing cylinder body, the filling body is fixed on a bottom plate of the circular sealing cylinder body, the piston module and the filling body form internal sealing of the piston module through a filling sealing ring arranged on an inner ring of the piston module, and the piston module and the cylinder module form external sealing of a piston through a cylinder sealing ring arranged on an outer ring of the piston module.
8. Metal printing device for large ring type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: z axle drive module includes Z axle driving motor, two speed reducer, Z axle lead screw pairs, bottom plate and an upper fixed plate, Z axle driving motor passes through two speed reducer and is connected with Z axle lead screw pair bottom, Z axle lead screw pair bottom is installed on the bottom plate through the bearing frame, the screw of Z axle lead screw pair is installed on the bottom plate of circular sealed cylinder body, the top of Z axle lead screw pair is passed through the bearing and is connected with an upper fixed plate, an upper fixed plate is connected with piston module.
9. A printing control method of a metal printing apparatus for large-sized ring type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific control method comprises the following steps:
dividing an annular printing space in the cylinder module into a plurality of subareas, and correspondingly setting the starting point end of each subarea as the printing starting point of the subarea according to the powder laying direction of a scraper;
the powder continuously falls from the circumferential powder falling module, and the powder is uniformly spread in each subarea according to the powder spreading direction of the scraper by the powder spreading module;
when the scraper passes through the printing starting point of each subarea, the corresponding position signal is transmitted to the control system, and the laser printing can be carried out on the previous subarea.
CN202111637182.XA 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof Pending CN114289736A (en)

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CN202111637182.XA CN114289736A (en) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111637182.XA CN114289736A (en) 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 Metal printing equipment for large-scale circular ring parts and printing control method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115533127A (en) * 2022-10-21 2022-12-30 航发优材(镇江)增材制造有限公司 Laser selective melting additive manufacturing device for annular casing parts

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