CN213718739U - Self-propelled cotton stalk harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a self-propelled cotton stalk harvester, which comprises a frame, a damping device, a rolling cutting and pulling device, a picking device, a conveying device and a storage box; three sets of damping device groups are adjustably mounted at the front part of the rack, and each damping device group comprises two damping devices which are axisymmetric; the resistance reducing device comprises a shovel column and a soil cutting disc harrow; the hobbing and pulling device comprises a hydraulic motor, a hobbing cutter wheel and a hobbing cutter shaft; the picking device comprises a picking motor, an adjusting rod, spokes, a picking shaft and picking spike teeth; the conveying device comprises a conveying motor, a conveying shaft, a baffle plate, a conveying frame, a bearing and a spike tooth conveying belt. The utility model discloses the realization is to adopting close planting agricultural technology's cotton stalk field to the row loosen the soil and to not cutting the row root shovel, cotton stalk throws and send, cotton stalk picks up and results, compact structure, and application scope is wide, multiple functional.

Description

Self-propelled cotton stalk harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a self-propelled cotton stalk harvester, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background

China has rich cotton stalk resources and huge yield. According to the statistics and survey in 2019, the cotton planting area in China reaches 3339.2 kilo hectares, the cotton planting area in Xinjiang reaches 2540.5 kilo hectares, and the annual yield of cotton straws is also considerable. The cotton straw is rich in lignocellulose, bast fiber, crude protein, nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances, has considerable development and utilization potential, and is an important novel energy development and utilization raw material. The national attention on environmental protection and the release of the policy of upgrading, increasing the efficiency and utilizing renewable resources, the yield of cotton stalk resources is continuously improved, and high-efficiency cotton stalk harvesting machinery is urgently needed in each cotton production area. The cotton stalk industrialization can be used for burning power generation, cotton stalk paper making, biological utilization, plate manufacturing and the like, the maximum output value of each ton of cotton stalk raw materials used for industrial production can reach thousands of yuan, the mechanical harvesting reduces the labor intensity, the harvesting cost is reduced, and the income of cotton farmers is improved. However, the present cotton stalk recycling machine mainly uses a tractor to provide power, the number of self-propelled machines is relatively small, and the cotton stalk self-propelled harvester integrating cutting, picking and harvesting is one of the development trends of the future stalk harvesting machines.

Disclosure of Invention

To the technical problem, the utility model aims at providing a self-propelled cotton stalk harvester realizes loosening the soil to the row and not to the row root shovel cut, cotton stalk is thrown and is sent, cotton stalk is picked up and is reaped, and application scope is wide to the cotton stalk field that adopts close planting agronomy.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a self-propelled cotton stalk harvester comprises a frame 2, a resistance reducing device 6, a rolling cutting and pulling device 8, a picking device 11, a conveying device 12 and a storage box 16.

Three sets of damping device groups are adjustably mounted at the front part of the frame 2, and each damping device group comprises two damping devices 6 which are axisymmetric; the resistance reducing device 6 comprises a shovel column 19 and a soil cutting disc harrow 20; the top end of the shovel column 19 is fixed on the frame 2, and the bottom end is connected with the soil cutting disc harrow 20.

The rolling cut and pulling device 8 is positioned behind the damping device 6; the hobbing and pulling device 8 comprises a hydraulic motor 7, a hobbing cutter 21, a hobbing cutter wheel 22 and a hobbing cutter shaft 23; the two ends of the hob shaft 23 are mounted on the frame 2 through bearings, the hob wheel 22 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hob shaft 23, the plurality of hobs 21 are circumferentially and uniformly and detachably fixed to the surface of the hob wheel 22, and the hydraulic motor 7 drives the hob shaft 23 to rotate through the differential 3.

The pickup device 11 is positioned behind the rolling cut and pulling device 8; the pickup device 11 comprises a pickup motor 10, an adjusting rod 25, spokes 27, a pickup shaft 26 and pickup tines 24; two ends of the picking shaft 26 are mounted on the frame 2 through bearings, a plurality of adjusting rods 25 parallel to the picking shaft 26 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer side of the picking shaft 26 through spokes 27, and a plurality of picking spike teeth 24 are fixedly connected to each adjusting rod 25 at equal intervals along the length direction of the adjusting rod; the pickup motor 10 drives the pickup shaft 26 to rotate.

The conveying device 12 is obliquely arranged behind the picking device 11 in a way that the front part is low and the back part is high; the conveying device 12 comprises a conveying motor 18, a conveying shaft 28, a baffle 29, a conveying frame 30, a bearing 31 and a spike tooth conveying belt 32; two ends of the plurality of conveying shafts 28 are respectively arranged on two conveying frames 30 through bearings 31, and the conveying frames 30 are fixedly connected on the frame 2; the spike-tooth conveyer belt 32 is sleeved between the two uppermost and lowermost conveyer shafts 28 and is divided into an upper conveyer belt and a lower conveyer belt; a plurality of conveying spike teeth are arranged on the surface of the spike tooth conveying belt 32; the baffle 29 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the conveying frame 30, is positioned behind the lower layer conveying belt of the spike tooth conveying belt 32 and is used for separating cotton stalks on the conveying spike teeth of the spike tooth conveying belt 32 from the conveying spike teeth; the conveying motor 18 is fixedly connected to the frame 2 and drives the conveying shaft 28 to rotate; the storage box 16 is disposed rearward of the conveyor 12.

The included angle alpha between the soil cutting disc harrow 20 and the vertical plane is 15-30 degrees, the soil cutting disc harrow 20 of the two drag reduction devices 6 in the same group are oppositely arranged, and the two soil cutting disc harrow 20 form a splayed structure with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part.

The plane of the hob 21 is tangent to the hob wheel 22.

The distance between adjacent transport pins is 50 mm.

The spike tooth conveyor belt 32 is at an angle of 60 ° to the horizontal.

The rear part of the frame 2 is provided with a rear axle 17.

And a transmission shaft end cover 9 is arranged on the outer sides of the hydraulic motor 7 and the roller shaft 23.

And the frame 2 is provided with road wheels 5 and a cab 1.

And two travelling wheels 5 at the front part of the frame 2 realize steering control through a wheel axle bogie 4.

The diesel engine 13 drives the two road wheels 5 at the rear part of the frame 2 to rotate through the speed reducer 14.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

1. present straw harvest machinery mainly uses traction type as the owner, the utility model discloses a diesel engine and hydraulic motor provide power, realize the operation of power allocation and each function through reducing gear box, differential mechanism, through driver's cabin control, can realize cutting, picking up, carrying and results the shovel of cotton stalk, overall structure is compact, multiple functional.

2. The utility model discloses realize the looseness to cotton stalk root soil with fairing, cut native disc harrow position is adjustable, can deal with multiple different planting agronomy, realizes the loose operation of capable soil, guarantees loose regional near cotton stalk root, and then reduces the energy consumption.

3. The utility model utilizes the hobbing and pulling device to complete the pulling of the cotton stalks, the hobbing cutter lifts the cotton stalks after cutting off the lateral roots of the cotton stalks and throws the cotton stalks to the pick-up device, thereby avoiding the operation of the opposite line; meanwhile, the hob and the hob wheel are designed in a split mode, so that the earth depth of the hob is adjusted, the hob can cut off the root of the cotton stalk when entering the earth, the condition that the earth is not piled up too much to cause overlarge power loss is guaranteed, and the hob can be conveniently replaced and maintained in the later period.

4. The utility model discloses a pickup attachment provides power by pickup motor and realizes rotating, plays the function of guide and support to the cotton stalk on tiling earth's surface, and has the function that the short distance was thrown and is sent. During the walking process, the cotton stalks on the ground are thrown to the conveying device.

5. The utility model discloses a conveyor realizes the results of straw, when pickup attachment throws cotton stalk for the conveyer belt, the cotton stalk root is thrown and is sent the spike tooth conveyer belt and produce certain impact force, this impact force has certain crushing effect to the clod of cotton stalk root, spike tooth can chucking cotton stalk upwards carry simultaneously, touching baffle when reacing the top, make cotton stalk and spike tooth separation, along with the spike tooth conveyer belt rolls, cotton stalk gets into the bin, earth then spills to the ground, guarantee that cotton stalk can not take place to pile up the phenomenon on the conveyer belt.

The utility model discloses use cotton stalk as the object to self-propelled machinery realizes cutting, picking up, carrying and results operation to cotton field cotton stalk shovel, and through fairing's soil cutting disc harrow to cotton stalk root soil loose back, the hobbing draw-off device is disconnected and is dialled out with cotton stalk side root shovel, and pick up the device and pick up and throw to conveyor, and conveyor carries the bin with cotton stalk at last. The whole machine utilizes a diesel engine and a hydraulic motor to provide power, the advancing direction and the operating speed are controlled by a cab, and a reduction gearbox and a differential mechanism are arranged to realize the rotation speed allocation, so that the normal operation of each function is realized, the overall structure is compact, and the functions are complete.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the self-propelled cotton stalk harvester of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the drag reducing device 6;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rolling-cut-and-raised device 8;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pickup device 11;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the conveying device 12.

Wherein the reference numerals are:

1 cab and 2 frame

3 differential 4 wheel axle reversing frame

6 fairing of 5 walking wheels

7 hydraulic motor 8 rolling cutting and lifting device

9 drive shaft end cover 10 picking motor

11 pickup device 12 conveyor

13 diesel engine 14 speed reducer

15 rear axle 16 storage box

17 hydraulic oil tank 18 conveying motor

19-shovel-column 20 soil-cutting disc harrow

21 hob and 22 hob wheel

23-hob shaft 24 pick-up spike teeth

25 adjusting rod 26 picking shaft

27 spoke 28 delivery shaft

29 baffle 30 carriage

31 bearing 32 spike tooth conveyer belt

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, a self-propelled cotton stalk harvester for shoveling, picking, transporting and harvesting cotton stalks comprises a frame 2, a resistance reducing device 6, a hobbing-and-pulling device 8, a picking device 11, a transporting device 12, a diesel engine 13 and a storage tank 16.

And the frame 2 is provided with walking wheels 5 and a cab 1, and the two walking wheels 5 at the front part of the frame 2 realize steering control through a wheel axle bogie 4. The diesel engine 13 drives the two road wheels 5 at the rear part of the frame 2 to rotate through the speed reducer 14. Furthermore, a rear axle 17 is arranged at the rear part of the frame 2, and plays a role in supporting the frame and relieving vibration.

Three sets of damping device groups are adjustably mounted at the front part of the frame 2, and each damping device group comprises two damping devices 6 which are axisymmetric. As shown in fig. 2, the drag reduction device 6 comprises a shovel column 19 and a soil cutting disc harrow 20; the top end of the shovel column 19 is fixed on the frame 2, and the bottom end is connected with the soil cutting disc harrow 20. The included angle alpha between the soil cutting disc harrow 20 and the vertical plane is 15-30 degrees, the soil cutting disc harrow 20 of two damping devices 6 in the same group are arranged oppositely, and the two soil cutting disc harrow 20 form a structure which is narrow at the lower part and wide at the upper part and is in a shape of Chinese character 'ba', the distance between the two soil cutting disc harrow 20 in the same group can be adjusted according to the row spacing of the operation cotton field, the loosening of the cotton stalk root caking soil of various agricultural cotton fields in opposite rows is realized, the soil entering and shoveling resistance of the hobbing and pulling device 8 is effectively reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

The rolling cut and pulling device 8 is positioned behind the damping device 6. As shown in fig. 3, the hobbing and drawing device 8 comprises a hydraulic motor 7, a hobbing cutter 21, a hobbing cutter wheel 22 and a hobbing cutter shaft 23; the two ends of the hob shaft 23 are mounted on the frame 2 through bearings, the hob wheel 22 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hob shaft 23, the plurality of hobs 21 are circumferentially and uniformly detachably fixed on the surface of the hob wheel 22, and the plane where the hobs 21 are located is tangent to the hob wheel 22. The hydraulic motor 7 drives the roller shaft 23 to rotate through the differential 3. The hydraulic motor 7 is connected with a hydraulic oil tank 17 fixedly connected on the frame 2. The hob wheel 22 rotates along with the hob shaft 23, after power is obtained, the hob 21 rotates and shovels into soil, the hob 21 lifts cotton stalks after shoveling off lateral roots of the cotton stalk roots and then throws the rear pickup device 11, poking operation can be completed without going in opposite directions, meanwhile, a split type design is adopted, adjustment of the cutter soil inlet depth is achieved, the cutter can shovel off the cotton stalk roots when entering soil, it is guaranteed that too much soil is not accumulated when entering soil, and excessive power loss is caused, and later-period cutter replacement and maintenance can be facilitated. Preferably, the hydraulic motor 7 and the outer side of the roller shaft 23 are provided with a transmission shaft end cover 9.

The pick-up device 11 is positioned behind the hobbing-cutting and pulling device 8. As shown in fig. 4, the pickup device 11 includes a pickup motor 10, an adjusting lever 25, spokes 27, a pickup shaft 26, and pickup tines 24; the both ends of picking up axle 26 are passed through the bearing and are installed in frame 2, and a plurality of regulation pole 25 parallel with picking up axle 26 pass through the even rigid coupling of spoke 27 in the picking up axle 26 outside, and every regulation pole 25 goes up along its length direction equidistant ground rigid coupling has a plurality of spike teeth 24 of picking up. The pickup motor 10 drives the pickup shaft 26 to rotate. The adjusting rod 25 rotates along with the picking shaft 26, the cotton stalks flatly paved on the ground can be guided and supported by the dense picking spike teeth 24, the cotton stalks are thrown to the rear conveying device 12 in the short-distance throwing process of the machine.

The conveying device 12 is disposed behind the pickup device 11 in a manner inclined from front to back. As shown in fig. 5, the conveying device 12 includes a conveying motor 18, a conveying shaft 28, a baffle 29, a conveying frame 30, a bearing 31 and a spike-tooth conveying belt 32; both ends of the plurality of conveyance shafts 28 are attached to two conveyance racks 30 via bearings 31, respectively, and the conveyance racks 30 are fixed to the frame 2. The spike-tooth conveyer belt 32 is sleeved between the two uppermost and lowermost conveyer shafts 28 and is divided into an upper conveyer belt and a lower conveyer belt. The surface of the spike tooth conveying belt 32 is provided with a plurality of conveying spike teeth, and the spacing distance between every two adjacent conveying spike teeth is 50 mm. The spike tooth conveyor belt 32 is at an angle of 60 ° to the horizontal. The baffle 29 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the conveying frame 30, is positioned behind the lower layer conveying belt of the spike tooth conveying belt 32, and is used for separating cotton stalks on the conveying spike teeth of the spike tooth conveying belt 32 from the conveying spike teeth. The conveying motor 18 is fixedly connected to the frame 2 and drives the conveying shaft 28 to rotate. The storage box 16 is disposed rearward of the conveyor 12.

The working process of the utility model is as follows:

the utility model discloses use cotton stalk as the object to self-propelled machinery realizes cutting, picking up, carrying and results operation to cotton field cotton stalk shovel. The utility model discloses a self-propelled cotton stalk harvester is when the cotton field operation, and the soil cutting disc harrow 20 of fairing 6 is to the loose back of cotton stalk root soil, and the hobbing pull-out device 8 is shoveled cotton stalk side root and is broken and dial out, and the hobbing cutter 21 degree of depth of burying is adjustable, can also make things convenient for later stage hobbing cutter 21 to change and maintain when guaranteeing that the not hilling causes power loss. The cotton stalks which are scooped by the rolling cutting and pulling device 8 are picked up by the picking device 11 and thrown to the conveying device 12, when the cotton stalks are thrown to the conveying device 12 by the picking device 11, the roots of the cotton stalks are thrown to the spike-tooth conveying belt to generate certain impact force, the impact force has certain crushing effect on mud blocks at the roots of the cotton stalks, meanwhile, the cotton stalks are tightly clamped and conveyed upwards by the spike-tooth conveying belt 32, the cotton stalks are stably conveyed to the top end and then touch the baffle 29, the cotton stalks are separated from the conveying spike-tooth, the cotton stalks enter the storage box 16 along with the rolling of the spike-tooth conveying belt 32, and soil is scattered to the ground.

Claims (10)

1. A self-propelled cotton stalk harvester is characterized in that the harvester comprises a frame (2), a damping device (6), a hobbing and drawing device (8), a pickup device (11), a conveying device (12) and a storage box (16);

three sets of damping device groups are adjustably mounted at the front part of the rack (2), and each damping device group comprises two damping devices (6) which are axisymmetric; the resistance reducing device (6) comprises a shovel column (19) and a soil cutting disc harrow (20); the top end of the shovel column (19) is fixed on the frame (2), and the bottom end is connected with the soil cutting disc harrow (20);

the rolling cut and pulling device (8) is positioned behind the damping device (6); the hobbing and pulling device (8) comprises a hydraulic motor (7), a hobbing cutter (21), a hobbing cutter wheel (22) and a hobbing cutter shaft (23); two ends of the hob shaft (23) are mounted on the rack (2) through bearings, the hob wheel (22) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hob shaft (23), the plurality of hobs (21) are circumferentially, uniformly and detachably fixed on the surface of the hob wheel (22), and the hydraulic motor (7) drives the hob shaft (23) to rotate through the differential (3);

the pick-up device (11) is positioned behind the rolling cut and pulling device (8); the pick-up device (11) comprises a pick-up motor (10), an adjusting rod (25), spokes (27), a pick-up shaft (26) and pick-up spike teeth (24); two ends of the picking shaft (26) are mounted on the rack (2) through bearings, a plurality of adjusting rods (25) parallel to the picking shaft (26) are uniformly and fixedly connected to the outer side of the picking shaft (26) through spokes (27), and a plurality of picking spike teeth (24) are fixedly connected to each adjusting rod (25) at equal intervals along the length direction of the adjusting rod; the pickup motor (10) drives a pickup shaft (26) to rotate;

the conveying device (12) is obliquely arranged behind the picking device (11) in a manner of low front and high back; the conveying device (12) comprises a conveying motor (18), a conveying shaft (28), a baffle (29), a conveying frame (30), a bearing (31) and a spike tooth conveying belt (32); two ends of the plurality of conveying shafts (28) are respectively arranged on two conveying frames (30) through bearings (31), and the conveying frames (30) are fixedly connected to the rack (2); the spike-tooth conveyer belt (32) is sleeved between the two conveyer shafts (28) which are positioned at the top and the bottom and is divided into an upper conveyer belt and a lower conveyer belt; a plurality of conveying spike teeth are arranged on the surface of the spike tooth conveying belt (32); the baffle (29) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the conveying frame (30), is positioned behind the lower layer conveying belt of the spike tooth conveying belt (32), and is used for separating cotton stalks on the conveying spike teeth of the spike tooth conveying belt (32) from the conveying spike teeth; the conveying motor (18) is fixedly connected to the rack (2) and drives the conveying shaft (28) to rotate; the storage box (16) is arranged behind the conveying device (12).

2. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 1, wherein the angle α between the soil cutting disc harrow (20) and the vertical plane is 15-30 °, the soil cutting disc harrow (20) of two drag reducing devices (6) of the same group are oppositely arranged, and the two soil cutting disc harrow (20) form a splayed structure with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part.

3. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 1 wherein the plane of the roller cutters (21) is tangential to the roller wheel (22).

4. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester of claim 1 wherein adjacent transport tines are spaced apart by a distance of 50 mm.

5. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 1 wherein the spike-tooth conveyor belt (32) is angled at 60 ° to the horizontal.

6. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (2) is provided with a rear axle (17) at the rear.

7. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 1 wherein the hydraulic motor (7) and the outside of the roller shaft (23) are provided with a drive shaft end cap (9).

8. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 1 wherein the frame (2) is provided with road wheels (5) and a cab (1).

9. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 8 wherein the two travelling wheels (5) in front of the frame (2) are steering controlled by means of a wheel axle bogie (4).

10. The self-propelled cotton stalk harvester according to claim 8 wherein the diesel engine (13) drives the two travelling wheels (5) at the rear of the frame (2) in rotation via a speed reducer (14).

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