CN213685023U - 带通气式挡圈的传动轴 - Google Patents

带通气式挡圈的传动轴 Download PDF

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CN213685023U
CN213685023U CN202021319094.6U CN202021319094U CN213685023U CN 213685023 U CN213685023 U CN 213685023U CN 202021319094 U CN202021319094 U CN 202021319094U CN 213685023 U CN213685023 U CN 213685023U
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driveshaft
retainer ring
boot seal
bearing assembly
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吉列尔梅·塔尔加·波莱蒂
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American Axle and Manufacturing Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • F16C3/03—Shafts; Axles telescopic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/18—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth
    • F16D3/185—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth radial teeth connecting concentric inner and outer coupling parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/84—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor
    • F16D3/843—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor enclosed covers
    • F16D3/845—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor enclosed covers allowing relative movement of joint parts due to the flexing of the cover
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • B60K17/24—Arrangements of mountings for shafting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/06—Drive shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C27/06—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement by means of parts of rubber or like materials
    • F16C27/066—Ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/84—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor
    • F16D3/843—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor enclosed covers
    • F16D3/845—Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers; Sealing means specially adapted therefor enclosed covers allowing relative movement of joint parts due to the flexing of the cover
    • F16D2003/846—Venting arrangements for flexible seals, e.g. ventilation holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
    • F16D3/41—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes with ball or roller bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/928—Seal including pressure relief or vent feature

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)

Abstract

一种带通气式挡圈的传动轴，具有第一传动轴段和第二传动轴段、轴承组件、挡圈和防尘套密封件。第一传动轴段和第二传动轴段具有不可旋转但可轴向滑动地联接在一起的连接构件。轴承组件安装于第一传动轴段并支撑第一传动轴段旋转。挡圈具有安装于轴承组件的第一挡圈构件和安装于第一传动轴段的第二挡圈构件。第一挡圈构件和第二挡圈构件协作以遮蔽轴承组件的轴向端，并且彼此间隔开以形成迷宫。防尘套密封件的相对端固定联接到第二挡圈构件和第二传动轴段。通气口贯穿第二挡圈构件设置，以流体联接防尘套密封件和迷宫。

Description

带通气式挡圈的传动轴
技术领域
本公开涉及一种带通气式挡圈的传动轴。
背景技术
本节提供了与本公开相关的背景信息，其不一定是现有技术
在相对长的车辆(例如运输卡车)的构造中，相对常见的做法是在变速器的输出轴与后桥或前桥的输入小齿轮之间采用多段传动轴来传递旋转动力和扭矩。这种传动轴通常具有以不允许段(多段)沿着传动轴的纵向/旋转轴线平移的方式安装到车辆的主体的一段或多段、以及被构造成当后轴相对于车辆的主体竖直移动时(例如，由于车辆承载的负载和/或由于驶过车辆在其上运行的表面上的不平整的结果)沿着传动轴的纵向/旋转轴线向内和向外伸缩的最终段。
为了防止湿气、灰尘和碎屑渗入传动轴的伸缩接头，通常采用防尘套密封件。防尘套密封件的一个轴向端安装到传动轴的沿着传动轴相对于主体的纵向/旋转轴线平移的一段的一部分，而防尘套密封件的相对轴向端安装到传动轴的沿着传动轴相对于车辆的主体的纵向/旋转轴线保持在静止位置的部件。两个轴向端之间的手风琴状波纹管或褶状段允许在保护套密封件的两个轴向端之间的相对轴向运动。
防尘套密封件的一个缺点是，当伸缩接头被压缩以将传动轴安装到车辆时，其不允许空气从伸缩接头自由排出。因此，经常需要相对大的轴向力来将传动轴的一段收缩到传动轴的另一段中，使得传动轴可以安装到车辆上。
实用新型内容
本节提供了本公开的概述，而不是对其全部范围或其所有特征的全面公开。
在一种形式中，本公开提供了一种传动轴，其包括第一传动轴段、轴承组件、第二传动轴段、挡圈和防尘套密封件。第一传动轴段具有第一连接构件。轴承组件安装于第一传动轴段并具有支撑第一传动轴段绕轴线旋转的滚动元件轴承。第二传动轴段具有不可旋转但可轴向滑动地联接到第一连接构件的第二连接构件。挡圈具有安装于轴承组件的第一挡圈构件和安装于第一传动轴段的第二挡圈构件。第一挡圈构件和第二挡圈构件协作以遮蔽滚动元件轴承的轴向端。防尘套密封件围绕第一连接构件和第二连接构件设置，并具有固定地联接到第二挡圈构件的第一端、固定地联接到第二传动轴段的第二端、以及轴向设置在第一端与第二端之间的波纹管区段。第一挡圈构件和第二挡圈构件彼此间隔开，以在其间形成迷宫。通气口贯穿第二挡圈构件设置以流体联接防尘套密封件和迷宫。
根据这里提供的描述，进一步的应用领域将变得明显。本概述中的描述和具体示例仅用于说明的目的，并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
这里描述的附图仅用于所选实施例的说明目的，而不是所有可能的实施方式，并且不旨在限制本公开的范围。
图1是根据本公开的教导构造的传动轴的侧视图；
图2是图1的传动轴的一部分的纵向剖视图，例示出了伸缩接头的构造；和
图3是图2的放大部分。
在附图的几个视图中，相应的附图标记表示相应的部件。
具体实施方式
参考图1和图2，根据本公开的教导构造的传动轴通常由附图标记10表示。传动轴10可具有第一传动轴段12、轴承组件14、第二传动轴段16、挡圈(slinger)18和防尘套密封件(boot seal)20。
第一传动轴段12具有第一管26和第一连接构件28，第一连接构件28以任何期望的方式(例如焊接)固定地联接到第一管26。
轴承组件14可以包括被构造成固定地联接到机动车辆(未示出)的框架(未示出)的轴承安装件30，以及被固定地联接到轴承安装件30并被构造成支撑第一传动轴段12以绕旋转轴线34旋转的滚动元件轴承32。轴承安装件30可包括环形保持架35和可容纳在保持架35内的弹性安装构件36。弹性安装构件36能够以衰减振动在滚动元件轴承32于保持架35之间的传递的方式将滚动元件轴承32联接到保持架35。滚动元件轴承32可以具有可安装到第一传动轴段12的内轴承座圈38。在所提供的例子中，滚动元件轴承32的内轴承座圈38直接安装到第一连接构件28。
第二传动轴段16具有第二连接构件40、第一万向节42、第二管44和仅部分示出的第二万向节46。第二连接构件40不可旋转但可轴向滑动地联接到第一连接构件28。在所提供的示例中，第一连接构件28是外花键轴，并且第二连接构件40限定了内花键孔，第一连接构件28的外花键轴容纳在该内花键孔中。然而，应当理解，第二连接构件40可以是外花键轴，并且第一连接构件28可以限定内花键孔，第二连接构件40的外花键轴可以匹配地容纳在该内花键孔中。如果需要，可以在第一连接构件28和第二连接构件40中的一个或两个上设置合适的润滑剂、涂层和/或镀层以减少其间的摩擦。在所提供的示例中，润滑脂设置在第一连接构件28和第二连接构件40之间。
第一万向节42可以是任何类型的万向节，例如等速接头。在所提供的特定示例中，第一万向节42是具有第一叉50、第二叉52和万向节轴承54的卡登接头。固定地联接到第二连接构件40(例如与其一体且整体形成)以形成“滑动叉”的第一叉50包括一对第一臂60，一对第一臂60具有在垂直于旋转轴34的方向上贯穿其形成的轴承孔62。第二叉52固定地联接到第二管44的第一轴向端并限定一对第二臂64，每个第二臂64具有在也垂直于旋转轴34的方向上贯穿其形成的轴承孔66。万向节轴承54可以包括十字枢轴70、多个轴承杯72和多组滚针74。十字枢轴70可以限定两对枢轴76(仅具体示出了一对)，一对枢轴76与另一对枢轴76成90度设置。每个轴承杯72可以容纳在轴承孔62和66中的一个内，并位于相关的一个枢轴76上。每组滚针74可以容纳在相关的一个轴承杯72中，并且可以接合到相关的一个轴承杯72的内表面和相关的一个枢轴76的外周表面。保持器，例如内部卡环78，可以用来抑制轴承杯72在远离其各自的枢轴76的方向上退出。
类似于第一万向节42，第二万向节46可以是任何类型的万向节，但是在所提供的示例中被描述为卡登接头。第二万向接头46可以以类似于第一万向接头42的方式构造，并因此，这里不需要提供第二万向接头46的详细讨论。第二万向接头46的第二叉没有示出，但是可以理解，其可以固定地联接到允许第二万向接头46的第二叉固定地联接到后桥(未示出)的输入小齿轮(未示出)的叉法兰(例如，与其一体和整体形成)。
参考图2和图3，挡圈18可以具有安装到轴承组件14的第一挡圈构件80和安装到第一传动轴段12的第二挡圈构件82。第一挡圈构件80和第二挡圈构件82协作以遮蔽滚动元件轴承32的轴向端，并且彼此轴向间隔开，并且在其间形成迷宫84。在所提供的示例中，第一挡圈构件80是安装到轴承安装件30的分立部件，以便邻接滚动元件轴承32的轴向端。第一挡圈构件80可以包括环形段90和管状段92。环形段90可以从轴承安装件30径向向内延伸。管状段92可以固定地联接到环形段90的径向内端，并且可以在远离滚动元件轴承32的方向上围绕旋转轴线34同心地延伸。
第二挡圈构件82可以包括第一管状段94、环形段96和第二管状段98。第一管状段94可以被构造成以压配合的方式安装到形成在第一连接构件28上的圆柱形表面100上。第一管状段94可以同心地设置在第一挡圈构件80上的管状段92内。环形段96可以固定地联接到第一管状段94的轴向端，并且可以在与第一挡圈构件80上的管状段92间隔开的位置处从第一管状段94的轴向端径向向外延伸。第二管状段98可以与第一管状段94同轴设置，可以固定地联接到环形段96的与第一管状段94相对的一端，并且可以从环形段96朝向形成在第一挡圈构件80上的环形段90轴向延伸。轴向设置在第一挡圈构件80和第二挡圈构件82之间的迷宫84将滚动元件轴承32流体连接到大气。
通气口101贯穿第二挡圈构件82设置，以流体联接防尘套密封件20和迷宫84。更具体地，通气口101可以包括可贯穿第二挡圈构件82的期望部分(例如贯穿环形段96)形成的一个或多个通气孔102。一个或多个通气孔102可以以任何期望的方式成形，例如圆孔或周向延伸的狭槽。在所提供的特定示例中，通气口101包括单个圆形通气孔102，其具有的直径大约等于环形段96厚度的1.5倍。
防尘套密封件20可围绕第一连接构件28和第二连接构件40设置，并可分别具有第一端110和第二端112，以及可轴向设置在第一端110与第二端112之间的波纹管区段114。防尘套密封件20的第一端110可以固定地联接到第二挡圈构件82，而防尘套密封件20的第二端112可以固定地联接到第二连接构件40。
在所提供的示例中，环形箍120安装到第二挡圈构件82的第二管状段98上，并且卡箍122向防尘套密封件20的第一端110施加夹紧力，将第一端110密封到环形箍120的方式将第一端110紧固到环形箍120上。环形箍120可形成为类似变径衬套，并可包括固定且密封地接合到第二挡圈构件82的第二管状段98的第一管状部分130、相对于第一管状部分130直径减小并且轴向延伸远离第一管状部分130的第二管状部分132、以及在第一管状部分130与第二管状部分132之间颈缩或过渡的过渡段134。
防尘套密封件20的第一端110可以成形为与环形箍120的构造的期望部分相匹配，并且卡箍122可以安装在第一端110的与第二管状部分132接合的部分上。应当理解，在所提供的示例中，环形箍120仅仅是用于将防尘套密封件20的第一端110固定且密封地紧固到第二挡圈构件82的便利装置，并且防尘套密封件20的第一端110可以以各种其他方式联接到第二挡圈构件82。
防尘套密封件20的第二端112可以直接接合到第二连接构件40，并且卡箍140可以用于将第二端112固定且密封地联接到第二连接构件40。
在第二挡圈构件82中没有通气口101的情况下，截留在第一连接构件28和第二连接构件40、第二挡圈构件82与防尘套密封件20的内部之间的空气将倾向于阻止第一连接构件28收缩到第二连接构件40中，和/或在第一连接构件28已收缩到第二连接构件40中之后将倾向于推动第二连接构件40远离第一连接构件28。然而，通气口101的设置将防尘套密封件20的内部流体联接到迷宫84，使得当第一连接构件28收缩入第二连接构件40时防尘套密封件20中原本会被压缩的空气可以通过第二挡圈构件82和迷宫84排到大气。因此，为了将传动轴10组装到车辆使传动轴10收缩(即，将第一连接构件28收缩到第二连接构件40中)需要的力，也会消除防尘套密封件20中会导致传动轴10延伸(即，通过推动第二连接构件40远离第一连接构件28)的压缩空气。
在所提供的示例中，设置在第一连接构件28和第二连接构件40之间的润滑脂抑制了通过排气口101进入防尘套20的任何灰尘或湿气在第一连接构件28和第二连接构件40之间迁移。
应当理解，虽然传动轴10已经被例示和描述为包括两个传动轴段和两个万向节，但是传动轴可以稍微不同地构造成包括多于两个传动轴段和可选地多于两个万向节。此外，由第一连接构件28和第二连接构件40、通气口101、挡圈18和防尘套密封件20提供的滑动接头可以移动到不同的位置，或者替代地，第二个类似构造的滑动接头(具有挡圈，其限定了迷宫和通气口)可以集成到传动轴中。
为了例示和描述的目的，已经提供了实施例的前述描述。其不旨在穷举或限制本公开。特定实施例的单个元件或特征通常不限于该特定实施例，而是在适用的情况下是可互换的，并且可以用于选定的实施例中，即使没有具体示出或描述。其也可能在许多方面有所不同。这些变化不应被视为偏离本公开，并且所有这些修改都旨在包括在本公开的范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种传动轴，其特征在于，包括:
第一传动轴段，具有第一连接构件；
轴承组件，安装于所述第一传动轴段，所述轴承组件具有支撑所述第一传动轴段以绕轴线旋转的滚动元件轴承；
第二传动轴段，具有不可旋转但可轴向滑动地联接到所述第一连接构件的第二连接构件；
挡圈，具有安装于所述轴承组件的第一挡圈构件和安装于所述第一传动轴段的第二挡圈构件，所述第一挡圈构件和所述第二挡圈构件协作以遮蔽所述滚动元件轴承的轴向端；和
防尘套密封件，围绕所述第一连接构件和所述第二连接构件设置，所述防尘套密封件具有固定地联接到所述第二挡圈构件的第一端、固定地联接到所述第二传动轴段的第二端、以及轴向设置在所述第一端与所述第二端之间的波纹管区段；
其中所述第一挡圈构件和所述第二挡圈构件彼此间隔开以在其间形成迷宫，并且其中通气口贯穿所述第二挡圈构件设置以流体联接所述防尘套密封件和所述迷宫。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传动轴，其特征在于，所述第一连接构件包括外花键轴，并且其中所述第二连接构件包括供所述外花键轴容纳在其中的内花键孔。
3.根据权利要求2所述的传动轴，其特征在于，所述第二连接构件固定地联接至第一叉，并且其中所述第二传动轴段进一步包括管、固定地联接至所述管的第二叉、以及设置在所述第一叉与所述第二叉之间的万向节轴承组件。
4.根据权利要求1所述的传动轴，其特征在于，所述通气口包括贯穿所述第二挡圈构件形成的单个孔。
5.根据权利要求1所述的传动轴，其特征在于，进一步包括联接到所述第二挡圈构件的环形箍，其中所述防尘套密封件的所述第一端安装在所述环形箍上并与所述环形箍密封接合。
6.根据权利要求5所述的传动轴，其特征在于，所述环形箍具有第一管状区段和第二管状区段，所述第一管状区段装配在所述第二挡圈构件上并与所述第二挡圈构件密封接合，第二管状区段与所述第一管状区段同轴但轴向间隔开。
7.根据权利要求6所述的传动轴，其特征在于，卡箍将所述防尘套密封件的所述第一端固定到所述第二管状区段。
8.根据权利要求1所述的传动轴，其特征在于，进一步包括设置在所述第一连接构件与所述第二连接构件之间的润滑脂。
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