CN117006167A - 具有铆固特征的等速接头 - Google Patents

具有铆固特征的等速接头 Download PDF

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CN117006167A
CN117006167A CN202310492543.9A CN202310492543A CN117006167A CN 117006167 A CN117006167 A CN 117006167A CN 202310492543 A CN202310492543 A CN 202310492543A CN 117006167 A CN117006167 A CN 117006167A
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shaft member
constant velocity
velocity joint
inner race
central opening
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J·P·考维尔
E·R·蒙德拉贡-帕拉
J·N·米勒
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Steering Solutions IP Holding Corp
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Steering Solutions IP Holding Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/072—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving plastic deformation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D2003/2023—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints with linear rolling bearings between raceway and trunnion mounted shoes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D2003/2026—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints with trunnion rings, i.e. with tripod joints having rollers supported by a ring on the trunnion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22313—Details of the inner part of the core or means for attachment of the core on the shaft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S464/00—Rotary shafts, gudgeons, housings, and flexible couplings for rotary shafts
    • Y10S464/904—Homokinetic coupling
    • Y10S464/905—Torque transmitted via radially extending pin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49936—Surface interlocking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49945—Assembling or joining by driven force fit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4949—Deforming component is inserted section

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种等速接头，包括具有限定中心开口的主体的内圈。该等速接头还包括延伸通过中心开口的轴构件，其中，轴构件被铆固到内圈，以将轴构件轴向保持到内圈。

Description

具有铆固特征的等速接头
技术领域
本公开涉及传动系统，并且更具体地，涉及用于这种传动系统(drivelinesystem)的具有铆固(staking，卷边铆接、桩固)保持特征的等速接头。
背景技术
交通工具，诸如汽车、卡车、运动型多用途车辆、跨界车、小型货车、船舶、飞机、全地形车辆、休闲车辆或其它合适的车辆，均包括传动系统。传动系统可以包括通过驱动轴以各种角度传递动力的等速接头。此外，等速接头可以用于交通工具的传动系(driveline)，该传动系将旋转扭矩从一个传动系组件传递到另一个传动系组件。等速接头有助于通过该等速接头互相连接的组件的角度位移或角度运动，同时还有助于扭矩的传递。
等速接头通常被保持到轴上，诸如轴杆，以保持等速接头内圈或多脚架(spider，三脚架)。然而，需要一个或多个单独的结构组件来提供该保持。额外的(多个)组件增加了成本，并增加了潜在的轴向缝隙的接口，这可能意外地增加噪声和振动。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方面，等速接头包括具有限定中心开口的主体的内圈。等速接头还包括延伸通过中心开口的轴构件，其中，轴构件被铆固到内圈，以将轴构件轴向保持到内圈。
根据本公开的另一方面，等速接头包括具有限定中心开口的主体的内圈。等速接头还包括延伸通过中心开口的轴构件，其中，轴构件在中心开口内压配到内圈，以将轴构件轴向保持到内圈上。
根据本公开的又一方面，提供了一种组装等速接头的方法。该方法包括将轴构件延伸通过内圈的中心开口。该方法还包括在没有保持环的情况下将轴构件轴向保持到内圈。
本公开的这些和其它方面将在实施例、所附权利要求书和附图的以下详细描述中进行公开。
附图说明
当结合附图阅读时，从以下详细描述中会最好地理解本公开。要强调的是，根据惯例，附图的各种特征不是按比例绘制的。相反，为了清楚起见，各种特征的尺寸被任意地放大或缩小。
图1是等速接头的一部分的立体图；
图2是等速接头的内圈和轴构件的轴向剖视图；以及
图3是内圈和轴构件在垂直于图2的剖视图方向上的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下讨论针对本公开的各种实施例。尽管这些实施例中的一个或多个可能是优选的，但是所公开的实施例不应被解释为或者用作限制包括权利要求书在内的范围。此外，本领域技术人员将理解的是，以下描述具有广泛的应用，并且对任何实施例的讨论仅意味着该实施例的示例，而不旨在暗示包括权利要求书在内的所公开的范围局限于该实施例。
如上所述，交通工具，诸如汽车、卡车、运动型多用途车辆、跨界车、小型货车、船舶、飞机、全地形车辆、休闲车辆或其它合适的车辆通常包括传动系统，该传动系统包括等速接头。等速接头被构造为使得其可以用于将旋转扭矩从一个传动系组件传递到另一个传动系组件的传动系中。等速接头有助于通过该等速接头互相连接的组件的角度位移或角度运动，同时还有助于扭矩的传递。
现在参考附图，其中将参考具体的实施方式来描述本发明，但不限于此，应理解公开的实施方式仅仅是说明本公开的内容，这些公开的实施方式可以以各种形式和替代的形式体现。公开的实施方式的各种元素可以组合或省略，还能形成本公开的实施方式。附图不必须是按比例绘制的；一些特征可能被夸大或缩小，以显示特定组件的细节。因此，本文公开的具体结构和功能细节不应被解释为限制性的，而仅仅是作为教导本领域技术人员以各种方式使用本公开的有代表性的基础。
参考图1，示出了等速接头10。等速接头可以是任何类型的接头，即使在轴构件12与所连接的组件之间的相对角度改变期间也接纳轴构件12，以有助于与轴构件12和另一个组件进行等速连接。在所示实施例中，等速接头10是三脚型(tripot，三销轴式)等速接头，或者简称为三脚型接头，但应该理解，可以考虑其它类型的等速接头。等速接头10设置于交通工具，诸如卡车、汽车、休闲车辆、货运车辆等。这种等速接头10可以适用于前轮驱动车辆，被设置在变速驱动桥与驱动轮之间并且与其操作性地联接，或者被设置于在轴向位置或角度位置可以相对于彼此改变的组件之间传递扭矩的其它应用中。等速接头允许轴构件12将扭矩传递给一个或多个其它组件，同时进行角度操纵。
图示的三脚型等速接头10包括壳体(未示出)和内圈14。内圈14包括主体15和从内圈14径向向外延伸的多个支脚部段(spider segments)16。内圈14和轴构件12彼此紧固。在这种实施方式中，每一个支脚部段16均被构造为耳轴(trunnion)20。耳轴20沿耳轴轴线21延伸，远离轴构件12的纵轴线22。耳轴轴线21被设置为基本上垂直于轴构件12的纵轴线22。耳轴20具有传递扭矩或力的功能性外表面，该功能性外表面与耳轴20的非功能性外表面相邻，该非功能性外表面不传递扭矩或力。在所示实施方式中，多个支脚部段16包括绕内圈14的主体15的圆周均匀地间隔的三个支脚部段。
轴构件12可以是任何类型的轴。在一些实施方式中，轴构件12是轴杆(例如，“半轴”)，该轴杆是传动系统的部分，将旋转传递给车轮。然而，其它类型的轴可以从本文公开的等速接头10的实施方式中获益。
无论使用哪种特定类型的等速接头，轴构件12均被固定到等速接头10的内圈14。内圈14沿轴构件12的纵轴线22从第一面24延伸到第二面26。轴构件12的端部28轴向延伸通过由内圈14限定的中心开口30。轴构件12的端部28突出通过中心开口30并紧邻第一面24和第二面26中的一个。
现在参考图2和图3，为了将轴构件12紧固到内圈14上，在一些实施方式中，轴构件12被铆固到内圈14上。特别是，靠近轴构件12的端部28的轴构件12的一部分母材以将材料抵推内圈14的方式进行塑性变形。塑性变形的材料形成了铆固结构40，该铆固结构将轴构件12和内圈14相对于彼此轴向地保持。将轴构件12铆固到内圈14导致加工硬化的材料被压到内圈14上，从而保持等速接头。
除了将轴构件和内圈14彼此轴向地保持以外，铆固结构40还消除了在等速接头设计中存在固有的轴向间隙，该等速接头设计依赖于扣合设计、设置在轴构件上机加工的环形凹槽中的环形保持器等。
在一些实施方式中，铆固结构40是单个铆固部(stake，铆接部、桩)，该铆固部围绕中心开口30延伸360度，以提供将轴构件12和内圈14彼此保持的连续的铆固特征。在其它实施方式中，铆固结构40是分段的。特别是，分段的铆固结构包括多个围绕中心开口30彼此周向间隔开的铆固构件，以提供将轴构件12和内圈14彼此保持的不连续的铆固组装。铆固构件的周向间隔可以是均匀分布的或不均匀分布的，并且铆固构件的数量可以根据结构的特定要求而变化。
本文公开的铆固结构40不需要在轴构件12上有凹槽和/或软的内部花键来使材料变形。本文公开的实施方式能在限定中心开口30的内圈14的(一个或多个)壁上使用硬化的内部花键，以及轴构件12的外部花键。
在一些实施方式中，在将轴构件12插入中心开口30内时，通过将轴构件12压配到限定中心开口的(一个或多个)壁上，将轴构件12紧固到内圈14上。将轴构件12压配到内圈14上，使轴构件和内圈14轴向地彼此保持，并消除了两个组件在过盈配合状态下的轴向间隙。
本文公开的实施方式依赖于铆固结构40或轴构件12与内圈14之间的过盈配合来消除轴向间隙，因此导致更好的车辆噪声和振动性能。此外，公开的实施方式通过减少额外的保持组件来降低成本。
上述讨论旨在说明本公开的原理和各种实施方式。一旦充分理解了上述公开内容，对于本领域技术人员来说多种变型和修改将变得显而易见。以下的权利要求旨在解释为包括所有这些变型和修改。
词语“实施例”在本文中旨在用作示例、实例或图示。本文描述为“实施例”的任何方面或设计都不是必须解释为比其它方面或设计优选或有利。相反，使用“实施例”一词旨在以具体形式呈现概念。如在本申请中所使用的，术语“或者”旨在表达包含性的“或者”的意思而非排他性的“或者”。即，除非具体说明或者上下文中明确，否则“X包括A或B”旨在表达任何普通包含性的排列。即，如果X包括A，X包括B，或者X包括A和B两者，则在上述任何情况下均满足“X包括A或B”。此外，除非特别说明或者上下中明确是指单数形式，否则本申请和所附权利要求书中使用的冠词“一”和“一个”通常应该被解释为表达“一个或多个”的意思。此外，除非如此描述，否则通篇使用的术语“一实施方式”或“一个实施方式”不旨在表达同一个实施例或实施方式。
已经描述了上述实施例、实施方式和方面，以便于理解本公开而不限制本公开。相反，本公开旨在覆盖包括在所附权利要求书的范围内的各种修改和等效布置，该范围被赋予最宽泛的解释以涵盖法律允许的所有此类修改和等效结构。

Claims (16)

1.一种等速接头，包括：
内圈，具有限定中心开口的主体；以及
轴构件，延伸通过所述中心开口，其中，所述轴构件被铆固到所述内圈，以将所述轴构件轴向保持到所述内圈。
2.权利要求1所述的等速接头，其中，所述内圈从第一面轴向延伸到第二面，所述中心开口从所述第一面延伸到所述第二面，其中，所述轴构件被铆固到所述第一面和所述第二面中的一个。
3.权利要求2所述的等速接头，其中，所述轴构件包括铆固结构，所述铆固结构是围绕所述中心开口延伸360度的单个铆固部。
4.权利要求2所述的等速接头，其中，所述轴构件包括铆固结构，所述铆固结构包括围绕所述中心开口彼此周向间隔开的多个铆固构件。
5.权利要求1所述的等速接头，其中，所述轴构件是传动系统的轴杆。
6.权利要求1所述的等速接头，其中，所述内圈包括从所述主体径向向外延伸并彼此周向间隔开的多个支脚部段。
7.权利要求6所述的等速接头，其中，所述多个支脚部段包括围绕所述主体的圆周均匀地间隔开的三个支脚部段。
8.一种等速接头，包括：
内圈，具有限定中心开口的主体；以及
轴构件，延伸通过所述中心开口，其中，所述轴构件在所述中心开口内压配到所述内圈，以将所述轴构件轴向保持到所述内圈。
9.权利要求8所述的等速接头，其中，所述轴构件是传动系统的轴杆。
10.权利要求8所述的等速接头，其中，所述内圈包括从所述主体径向向外延伸并彼此周向间隔开的多个支脚部段。
11.权利要求10所述的等速接头，其中，所述多个支脚部段包括围绕所述主体的圆周均匀地间隔开的三个支脚部段。
12.一种组装等速接头的方法，包括：
将轴构件延伸通过内圈的中心开口；以及
在没有保持环的情况下，将所述轴构件轴向保持到所述内圈。
13.权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述将所述轴构件轴向保持到所述内圈包括：通过使所述轴构件的材料塑性变形将所述轴构件的材料偏置抵靠到所述内圈，来将所述轴构件铆固到所述内圈。
14.权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述将所述轴构件铆固到所述内圈包括：形成围绕所述中心开口延伸360度的单个铆固构件。
15.权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述将所述轴构件铆固到所述内圈包括：围绕所述中心开口形成彼此周向间隔的多个铆固构件。
16.权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述将所述轴构件轴向保持到所述内圈包括：将所述轴构件压配到所述内圈。
CN202310492543.9A 2022-05-03 2023-05-04 具有铆固特征的等速接头 Pending CN117006167A (zh)

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