CN213603172U

CN213603172U - Miniature potato planter of field operation

Info

Publication number: CN213603172U
Application number: CN202022107580.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖庆辉; 姜国栋; 苏微; 贾广鑫; 刘雄佩
Original assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-09-23
Filing date: 2020-09-23
Publication date: 2021-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-23

Abstract

The utility model relates to a miniature potato planter of field operation belongs to agricultural seeding machinery field, including frame, walking wheel, earthing device, rear wheel, seed metering device, ditching device, handrail, the front side of frame be provided with a pair of walking wheel, the rear side of frame is provided with the rear wheel, the frame mid-mounting of walking wheel rear side has a ditching device, ditching device's rear side install rather than assorted seed metering device, the earthing device who matches with the seed metering device is installed to the afterbody of frame, the handrail is installed at the top of frame. The utility model adopts mechanical automatic seeding, ensures the seeding efficiency of the miniature potatoes, and simultaneously realizes the seeding without omission through the seeding mode of 'one ridge and one line'; meanwhile, the damage to the miniature potatoes in the sowing process is avoided, the damage rate of the miniature potatoes is reduced, the labor force is saved, and the economic loss of miniature potato farmers is reduced.

Description

Miniature potato planter of field operation

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to agricultural seeding machinery, specifically speaking relates to a miniature potato planter of field operation.

Background

The potatoes are four world grain crops, the planting area is increased year by year in recent years, the social and economic development is realized, the food safety awareness of people is enhanced, and the demand of the potatoes is increased. China still continues to use the cut potatoes for planting potatoes, and the cut potatoes are planted: easily causes the defects of germ infection, more deformed potatoes, low yield, small block heads and the like. Therefore, the method is vital for cultivating the non-cutting seeds of the potatoes, and not only can increase the yield and the income, but also can improve the quality of the potatoes. The miniature potatoes are grown for cultivating potato seeds, so that the mechanical sowing of the miniature potatoes is very important.

Under the background, the mechanical seeding operation of the miniature potatoes is very important, the miniature potatoes are planted in a ridge planting mode, the width of each ridge is about 70cm, other machines are not suitable for the seeding operation, the damage and the seeding leakage of the miniature potatoes can be caused, and the economic loss and the burden of farmers are increased.

Although some miniature potato combined seeders also appear, the combined seeding is only suitable for operations of large flat and large farms, most farmers still carry out manual seeding, and the miniature potato mechanized planting rate is low, the economic benefit is low, and the labor intensity is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problem that exists among the background art, the utility model provides a miniature potato planter of field operation for solve present miniature potato seeding intensity of labour big, the labor cycle is long, the problem that the seed filling rate is low.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a miniature potato planter of field operation includes frame 1, walking wheel 2, earthing device 3, rear wheel 4, seed metering device 7, ditching device 8, handrail 9, the front side of frame 1 be provided with a pair of walking wheel 2, the rear side of frame 1 is provided with rear wheel 4, the frame 1 mid-mounting of walking wheel 2 rear side has a ditching device 8, ditching device 8's rear side is installed rather than assorted seed metering device 7, earthing device 3 with seed metering device 7 matching is installed to the afterbody of frame 1, handrail 9 is installed at the top of frame 1.

Furthermore, the seed sowing device 7 and the ditching device 8 are arranged on the frame 1 through a lifting device 5 capable of adjusting the sowing depth.

Further, the lifting device 5 comprises a lifting outer plate 5-1, a lifting inner plate 5-2, a lifting lower plate 5-3, a lifting upper plate 5-4 and a lifting cover plate 5-5, the lifting mechanism comprises lifting screw rods 5-6, lifting shafts 5-7, lifting cranks 5-8 and lifting fixing pins 5-9, wherein two lifting outer plates 5-1 are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of a rack 1, a lifting cover plate 5-5 is arranged at the top of each of the two lifting outer plates 5-1 on the same side, a lifting fixing pin 5-9 is fixedly arranged on each lifting outer plate 5-1, a lifting inner plate 5-2 is correspondingly arranged on the inner side of each of the two lifting outer plates 5-1 on the same side, a vertical strip hole is formed in each lifting inner plate 5-2, and the corresponding lifting fixing pin 5-9 penetrates out of the strip hole; the top of the two lifting inner plates 5-2 is provided with a lifting shaft 5-7, the middle part of the lifting shaft 5-7 is provided with a threaded hole, the middle part of the lifting cover plate 5-5 is provided with a lifting screw rod 5-6, the top of the lifting screw rod 5-6 is provided with a lifting crank 5-8, the part of the lifting screw rod 5-6, which is positioned below the lifting cover plate 5-5, is a threaded section, the threaded section of the lifting screw rod 5-6 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole on the lifting shaft 5-7, the upper part and the lower part of the two lifting inner plates 5-2 at the same side are respectively and fixedly provided with a lifting upper plate 5-4 and a lifting lower plate 5-3, and the seed metering device 7 and the ditching device 8 are arranged.

Further, the ditching device 8 comprises a lifting rod 8-1, a ditching frame 8-2, a ditching plowshare 8-3, a ditching opening and closing plate 8-4, a ditching connecting sleeve 8-6, an opening and closing shaft 8-7, an opening and closing adjusting rod 8-8, an opening and closing adjusting fixing rod 8-9, a hinge 8-10 and a ditching plate 8-11, wherein two ends of the lifting rod 8-1 are respectively and fixedly installed on the two lifting lower plates 5-3, the middle part of the lifting rod 8-1 is fixedly provided with the ditching connecting sleeve 8-6, the ditching frame 8-2 is fixed in the ditching connecting sleeve 8-6 through screws, the lower section of the ditching frame 8-2 is of an arc structure, the ditching plowshare 8-3 is fixed at the end part of the arc structure, a herringbone ditching plate 8-11 is fixedly installed on the ditching frame 8-2 at the rear side of the ditching plowshare 8-3, two side plates of each ditching plate 8-11 are respectively provided with a ditching opening-closing plate 8-4 through hinges 8-10, the back of each ditching opening-closing plate 8-4 is provided with an opening-closing shaft 8-7, each opening-closing shaft 8-7 is sleeved with an opening-closing adjusting rod 8-8, each lifting rod 8-1 is provided with an opening-closing adjusting fixing rod 8-9, and the two opening-closing adjusting rods 8-8 are fixedly connected with the end parts of the opening-closing adjusting fixing rods 8-9 through screws.

Furthermore, a herringbone ditching and soil retaining plate 8-5 is arranged on the ditching frame 8-2 on the upper side of the ditching plate 8-11.

Further, the seed sowing device 7 comprises a seed box 7-1, a seed sowing device clamping plate 7-2, a seed sowing shaft 7-3 and a chain bucket type seed sowing device 7-4, two ends of the seeding shaft 7-3 are respectively arranged on two lifting upper plates 5-4 through bearings, the seeding shaft 7-3 is connected with a driving device 10 through a transmission mechanism, a seed-metering device clamping plate 7-2 is fixedly arranged on a lifting rod 8-1, a seed scoop is arranged on the seeding shaft 7-3 by adopting a driving chain wheel of a chain-scoop type seed-metering device 7-4 made of elastic materials, a shell of the chain-scoop type seed-metering device 7-4 is fixed on the seed-metering device clamping plate 7-2, a seed box 7-1 is fixedly arranged on a shell of the chain-scoop type seed-metering device 7-4, and the seed box 7-1 is provided with a seed taking groove for facilitating the seed spoon of the chain spoon type seed sowing device 7-4 to pass through.

Furthermore, two sides of the seed taking groove at the lower part of the seed box 7-1 are respectively provided with an auxiliary seed filling block 7-5.

Further, a speed regulator 6 is arranged on a transmission mechanism connecting the gang shaft 7-3 and the driving device 10.

Furthermore, the two rear wheels 4 are respectively installed on the frame 1 through a telescopic rod 11.

Further, the soil covering device 3 comprises a soil covering disc 3-1, a soil covering connecting frame 3-2, a soil covering connecting rod 3-3 and a connecting plate 3-4, the two ends of the transverse part of the earthing connecting frame 3-2 in a T-shaped structure are respectively fixedly provided with an earthing disc 3-1, the two earthing discs 3-1 are combined to form a splayed structure, and the splayed structure formed by the two earthing discs 3-1 is provided with a large opening end at one side of the seed sowing device 7; one end of a tension spring 3-7 is connected to the middle of the vertical rod of the earthing connecting frame 3-2, the other end of the tension spring 3-7 is connected to the tension spring connecting frame 3-6, and the tension spring connecting frame 3-6 is welded to the earthing connecting rod 3-3.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model adopts mechanical automatic seeding, ensures the seeding efficiency of the miniature potatoes, and simultaneously realizes the seeding without omission through the seeding mode of 'one ridge and one line'; meanwhile, the damage to the miniature potatoes in the sowing process is avoided, the damage rate of the miniature potatoes is reduced, the labor force is saved, and the economic loss of miniature potato farmers is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front side structure diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic rear side structure diagram of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the lifting device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lifting device, the ditching device and the seed discharging device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rear side structure of the ditching device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the chain-bucket type seed sowing device of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the seed discharging device of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the soil covering device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a miniature potato seeder for field operation comprises a frame 1, a traveling wheel 2, a soil covering device 3, a rear wheel 4, a seed sowing device 7, a ditching device 8 and a handrail 9; the special machine is characterized in that a pair of walking wheels 2 is arranged on the front side of the frame 1, rear wheels 4 are arranged on the rear side of the frame 1, a ditching device 8 is installed in the middle of the frame 1 on the rear side of the walking wheels 2, a seed metering device 7 matched with the ditching device 8 is installed on the rear side of the ditching device 8, a soil covering device 3 matched with the seed metering device 7 is installed on the tail of the frame 1, and a handrail 9 is installed on the top of the frame 1. The whole miniature potato seeder is pushed by the handrail 9 and is supported by the travelling wheels 2 and the rear wheels 4 to travel in the field; miniature potato planter is at the walking in-process, by ditching device 8 seed furrow in soil, then by seed metering device 7 with miniature potato in broadcasting the seed furrow, on miniature potato in the seed furrow was covered with soil by earthing device 3 immediately to realize the automatic seeding of miniature potato, in order to improve seeding efficiency, simultaneously the utility model discloses an optimize the structure, guarantee that this miniature potato planter's volume obtains effectual reduction, realized the seeding mode of "one ridge is one line", can adapt to the seeding of multiple topography.

The seed metering device 7 and the ditching device 8 are arranged on the frame 1 through a lifting device 5 capable of adjusting the seeding depth. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the lifting device 5 comprises an outer lifting plate 5-1, an inner lifting plate 5-2, a lower lifting plate 5-3 and an upper lifting plate 5-4, the lifting device comprises lifting cover plates 5-5, lifting screw rods 5-6, lifting shafts 5-7, lifting cranks 5-8 and lifting fixing pins 5-9, wherein two lifting outer plates 5-1 are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of a rack 1, a lifting cover plate 5-5 is arranged at the top of each of the two lifting outer plates 5-1 on the same side, a lifting fixing pin 5-9 is fixedly arranged on each lifting outer plate 5-1, a lifting inner plate 5-2 is correspondingly arranged on the inner sides of the two lifting outer plates 5-1 on the same side respectively, a vertical strip hole is formed in each lifting inner plate 5-2, and the corresponding lifting fixing pin 5-9 penetrates out of the strip hole; the top of the two lifting inner plates 5-2 is provided with a lifting shaft 5-7, the middle part of the lifting shaft 5-7 is provided with a threaded hole, the middle part of the lifting cover plate 5-5 is provided with a lifting screw rod 5-6, the top of the lifting screw rod 5-6 is provided with a lifting crank 5-8, the part of the lifting screw rod 5-6, which is positioned below the lifting cover plate 5-5, is a threaded section, the threaded section of the lifting screw rod 5-6 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole on the lifting shaft 5-7, the upper part and the lower part of the two lifting inner plates 5-2 at the same side are respectively and fixedly provided with a lifting upper plate 5-4 and a lifting lower plate 5-3, and the seed metering device 7 and the ditching device 8 lift. When the sowing depth needs to be adjusted, the lifting crank 5-8 is rotated, the lifting crank 5-8 drives the rotating lifting screw 5-6 to rotate, and the lifting screw 5-6 only rotates on the lifting cover plate 5-5 and cannot move up and down along the lifting cover plate 5-5; as the lifting screw 5-6 is in threaded connection with the lifting shaft 5-7, the lifting shaft 5-7 is fixed on the two lifting inner plates 5-2, the lifting inner plates 5-2 are provided with vertical strip holes, and the corresponding lifting fixing pins 5-9 penetrate out of the strip holes, so that the lifting screw 5-6 can move upwards or downwards along the lifting screw 5-6 under the limiting action of the lifting fixing pins 5-9 and the guiding action of the strip holes in the rotating process of the lifting screw 5-6, thereby realizing the upwards or downwards movement of the two lifting inner plates 5-2, and at the moment, the lifting inner plates 5-2 drive the ditching device 8 and the seed metering device 7 to move upwards or downwards, realizing the adjustment of the ditching depth and further ensuring the seeding depth of the miniature potatoes. Because the heights of the ditching device 8 and the seed discharging device 7 are adjusted at the same time, the ditching depth is ensured, meanwhile, the stability of the seed falling height is ensured, and the accuracy rate of the plant spacing is improved.

As shown in figures 4 and 5, the ditching device 8 comprises a lifting rod 8-1, a ditching frame 8-2, a ditching plowshare 8-3, a ditching opening-closing plate 8-4, a ditching connecting sleeve 8-6, an opening-closing shaft 8-7, an opening-closing adjusting rod 8-8, an opening-closing adjusting fixing rod 8-9, a hinge 8-10 and a ditching plate 8-11, wherein two ends of the lifting rod 8-1 are respectively and fixedly arranged on two lifting lower plates 5-3, the middle part of the lifting rod 8-1 is fixedly provided with the ditching connecting sleeve 8-6, the ditching frame 8-2 is fixed in the ditching connecting sleeve 8-6 through screws, the lower section of the ditching frame 8-2 is in an arc structure, the ditching plowshare 8-3 is fixed at the end part of the arc structure, the ditching frame 8-2 at the rear side of the ditching plowshare 8-3 is fixedly provided with a herringbone ditching plate 8-11, two side plates of each ditching plate 8-11 are respectively provided with a ditching opening-closing plate 8-4 through hinges 8-10, the back of each ditching opening-closing plate 8-4 is provided with an opening-closing shaft 8-7, each opening-closing shaft 8-7 is sleeved with an opening-closing adjusting rod 8-8, each lifting rod 8-1 is provided with an opening-closing adjusting fixing rod 8-9, and the two opening-closing adjusting rods 8-8 are fixedly connected with the end parts of the opening-closing adjusting fixing rods 8-9 through screws. In the walking process of the whole miniature potato seeder, the ditching plowshare 8-3 of the ditching device 8 is inserted into soil and moves forwards along with the whole miniature potato seeder, a ditch is formed in the soil, soil turned up by the ditching plowshare 8-3 is separated towards two sides of the ditch formed by the ditching plowshare 8-3 under the action of the ditching plate 8-11 and the ditching opening plate 8-4, and then a seed ditch with a certain depth and a certain width is formed. Meanwhile, a row of through holes are respectively arranged on the opening and closing adjusting rods 8-8 and the opening and closing adjusting fixing rods 8-9, when the ditching width needs to be adjusted, the ditching opening and closing plates 8-4 rotate to corresponding angles around the hinges 8-10, at the moment, the opening and closing adjusting rods 8-8 and the opening and closing adjusting fixing rods 8-9 are aligned with the corresponding through holes, and then the fixing is carried out through screws, so that the angle adjustment of the two ditching opening and closing plates 8-4 can be realized, and the adjustment of the ditching width of the seed ditches is further realized.

In the utility model, as the optimization, the ditching frame 8-2 at the upper side of the ditching plate 8-11 is provided with a herringbone ditching soil retaining plate 8-5. In the process of ditching, particularly when a seed ditch with deeper depth is ditched, the ditching soil retaining plate 8-5 arranged on the upper side of the ditching plate 8-11 can enable the soil exceeding the ditching plate 8-11 to flow into the seed ditch; the two sides are separated, so that the soil is prevented from crossing the top of the ditching plates 8-11 and falling into the seed ditches which are already ditched, and the sowing depth is prevented from being influenced.

As shown in figures 4, 6 and 7, the seed metering device 7 comprises a seed box 7-1, a seed metering device clamping plate 7-2, a seed metering shaft 7-3 and a chain scoop type seed metering device 7-4, two ends of the seeding shaft 7-3 are respectively arranged on two lifting upper plates 5-4 through bearings, the seeding shaft 7-3 is connected with a driving device 10 through a transmission mechanism, a seed-metering device clamping plate 7-2 is fixedly arranged on a lifting rod 8-1, a seed scoop is arranged on the seeding shaft 7-3 by adopting a driving chain wheel of a chain-scoop type seed-metering device 7-4 made of elastic materials, a shell of the chain-scoop type seed-metering device 7-4 is fixed on the seed-metering device clamping plate 7-2, a seed box 7-1 is fixedly arranged on a shell of the chain-scoop type seed-metering device 7-4, and the seed box 7-1 is provided with a seed taking groove for facilitating the seed spoon of the chain spoon type seed sowing device 7-4 to pass through. The miniature potatoes are contained in a seed box 7-1, a driving device 10 drives a seed discharging shaft 7-3 to rotate through a transmission mechanism, the seed discharging shaft 7-3 drives a chain spoon type seed discharging device 7-4 to work in the rotating process, a seed spoon on the chain spoon type seed discharging device 7-4 is driven to rotate along with the seed discharging shaft in the chain transmission process, the seed spoon is made of elastic materials, the seed spoon can be prevented from scratching seed coats of the miniature potatoes in the seed taking process, the seed spoon can be driven along with the seed discharging chain transmission after the seed taking, and the miniature potatoes are played in a seed ditch formed by a ditching device 8.

In the utility model, as the optimization, two sides of the seed taking groove at the lower part of the seed box 7-1 are respectively provided with an auxiliary seed filling block 7-5; after the seed spoon enters the seed box 7-1, the seed spoon is arranged between the two auxiliary seed filling blocks 7-5, the bottom of the seed box 7-1 inclines towards one side of the auxiliary seed filling blocks 7-5, so that the miniature potatoes all have the tendency of moving towards the middle of the auxiliary seed filling blocks 7-5, the miniature potatoes fall into the seed spoon passing through the middle of the two auxiliary seed filling blocks 7-5, the miniature potatoes between the two spoons fall back into the seed box 7-1 without the blocking of the auxiliary seed filling blocks 7-4-7 at the upper part of the auxiliary seed filling blocks 7-5 to achieve one spoon, the miniature potatoes in the seed spoon rotate to the opposite side along with the seed sowing chain, and then rotate to the bottom of the seed sowing device and fall into the seed ditch, and the soil covering device 3 advances to finish soil covering, so that the miniature seeder finishes the whole processes of ditching, sowing and soil covering.

In the present invention, preferably, a transmission mechanism connecting the stock shaft 7-3 and the driving device 10 is provided with a speed regulator 6. The driving device 10 drives the walking wheel 2 to rotate, the walking shaft of the walking wheel 2 is connected with the power input shaft of the speed regulator 6 through a chain wheel transmission mechanism, and the power output shaft of the speed regulator 6 is connected with the seeding shaft 7-3 through the chain wheel transmission mechanism. Because the rotating speed output by the driving device 10 is unchanged, the travelling wheels 2 advance forwards according to the rotating speed output by the driving device 10, and the rotating speed obtained by the seed sowing shaft 7-3 is adjusted through the speed regulator 6, so that the moving speed of the seed sowing shaft 7-3 driving the chain scoop type seed sowing device 7-4 is adjusted under the condition that the advancing speed of the miniature potato sowing machine is unchanged, and the adjustment of the miniature potato sowing column distance can be realized.

In the utility model, two rear wheels 4 are respectively arranged on a frame 1 through a telescopic rod 11; can adjust the height of rear wheel 4 through telescopic link 11, the height of two rear wheels 4 obtains the adjustment back, and the afterbody height of whole miniature potato planter obtains the adjustment to change miniature potato planter's inclination, not only to plain plot strong adaptability like this, also have fine adaptability to mountain and hilly area, can satisfy the seeding demand of the miniature potato of different slopes.

As shown in fig. 8, the soil covering device 3 comprises soil covering disks 3-1, a soil covering connecting frame 3-2, soil covering connecting rods 3-3, connecting plates 3-4, connecting blocks 3-5, a tension spring connecting frame 3-6 and a tension spring 3-7, wherein two sides of the tail part of the frame 1 are respectively and fixedly provided with one connecting plate 3-4, two ends of each soil covering connecting rod 3-3 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two connecting plates 3-4, the connecting blocks 3-5 are clamped in the middle of the soil covering connecting rods 3-3, the soil covering connecting frame 3-2 in a T-shaped structure is fixed on the connecting blocks 3-5, two ends of the transverse part of the soil covering connecting frame 3-2 in the T-shaped structure are respectively and fixedly provided with one soil covering disk 3-1, the two soil covering disks 3-1 are combined to form a splayed structure, and the splayed structure formed by the two soil covering; one end of a tension spring 3-7 is connected to the middle of the vertical rod of the earthing connecting frame 3-2, the other end of the tension spring 3-7 is connected to the tension spring connecting frame 3-6, and the tension spring connecting frame 3-6 is welded to the earthing connecting rod 3-3. In the forward process of the whole miniature potato seeder, the two soil covering discs 3-1 of the soil covering device 3 can push soil on two sides of the seed ditch to the seed ditch, and the soil covers the miniature potatoes in the seed ditch. As the ground for sowing is not flat, the whole body formed by the earthing disc 3-1, the earthing connecting frame 3-2 and the connecting block 3-5 is clamped on the earthing connecting rod 3-3 through the connecting block 3-5, when the earthing disc 3-1 is subjected to upward jacking force of soil, the earthing disc 3-1 arranged on the earthing connecting frame 3-2 can be lifted upwards, and meanwhile, the tension spring 3-7 elastically pulls the earthing connecting frame 3-2 to limit, so that the situation that the earthing disc 3-1 is lifted too high to cause insufficient earthing thickness of a seed furrow is avoided. Meanwhile, the tension springs 3-7 are arranged, when the local soil is stacked too high, the soil covering disc 3-1 can be lifted to a certain height under the buffer action of the tension springs 3-7, and the situation that the soil covering of the seed furrow is too thick under the condition that the local soil of the soil covering disc 3-1 is too high is avoided. Therefore, the thickness of the seed furrow earthing is relatively appropriate by arranging the tension springs 3-7, and the condition that the earthing thickness is too thick or too thin is effectively avoided.

The utility model discloses a working process:

the miniature potato is contained in the seed box 7-1, the driving device 10 drives the travelling shafts of the travelling wheels 2 to rotate, the travelling shafts drive the two travelling wheels 2 to rotate, the whole miniature potato planter walks in the field under the auxiliary action of the rear wheels 4, the ditching plowshare 8-3 of the ditching device 8 is inserted into soil and moves forwards along with the whole miniature potato planter, a ditch is formed in the soil, soil turned up by the ditching plowshare 8-3 separates the soil to two sides of the ditch formed by the ditching plowshare 8-3 under the action of the ditching plates 8-11 and the ditching opening plate 8-4, and then a seed ditch with a certain depth and a certain width is formed. The walking shaft of the walking wheel 2 drives the speed regulator 6 to work through the chain wheel transmission mechanism, the speed regulator 6 adjusts the speed transmitted by the walking shaft and then drives the seed sowing shaft 7-3 to rotate through the chain wheel transmission mechanism, so that the seed sowing shaft 7-3 drives the movement speed of the chain spoon type seed sowing device 7-4 to be adjusted under the condition that the advancing speed of the miniature potato sowing machine is not changed, and the adjustment of the column pitch of the miniature potato sowing can be realized. The seed discharging shaft 7-3 drives the chain spoon type seed discharging device 7-4 to work in the rotating process, the seed spoon on the chain spoon type seed discharging device 7-4 is driven to rotate along with the chain discharging shaft in the seed discharging chain transmission process, the seed spoon takes seeds and then drives the seed discharging chain transmission, after the miniature potatoes are played in the seed ditch after the ditching device 8 is opened, the soil on the two sides of the seed ditch can be raked towards the seed ditch by the two soil covering discs 3-1 of the soil covering device 3, and the soil covers the miniature potatoes in the seed ditch; the miniature potato planter completes the whole processes of ditching, seeding and soil covering.

Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a miniature potato planter of field operation which characterized in that: the miniature potato planter of field operation include frame (1), walking wheel (2), earthing device (3), rear wheel (4), seed metering device (7), ditching device (8), handrail (9), the front side of frame (1) be provided with a pair of walking wheel (2), the rear side of frame (1) is provided with rear wheel (4), the frame (1) mid-mounting of walking wheel (2) rear side has one ditching device (8), the rear side of ditching device (8) is installed rather than assorted seed metering device (7), earthing device (3) that match with seed metering device (7) are installed to the afterbody of frame (1), handrail (9) are installed at the top of frame (1).

2. The miniature potato planter for field operations of claim 1, wherein: the seed metering device (7) and the ditching device (8) are arranged on the frame (1) through a lifting device (5) capable of adjusting the seeding depth.

3. The miniature potato planter for field operations of claim 2, wherein: the lifting device (5) comprises a lifting outer plate (5-1), a lifting inner plate (5-2), a lifting lower plate (5-3), a lifting upper plate (5-4), a lifting cover plate (5-5), a lifting screw (5-6), a lifting shaft (5-7), a lifting crank (5-8) and lifting fixing pins (5-9), wherein the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the rack (1) are respectively provided with the two lifting outer plates (5-1), the top parts of the two lifting outer plates (5-1) at the same side are provided with the lifting cover plate (5-5), each lifting outer plate (5-1) is fixedly provided with the lifting fixing pin (5-9), the inner sides of the two lifting outer plates (5-1) at the same side are respectively and correspondingly provided with the lifting inner plate (5-2), a vertical strip hole is formed in the lifting inner plate (5-2), and the corresponding lifting fixing pin (5-9) penetrates out of the strip hole; the top of the two lifting inner plates (5-2) is provided with a lifting shaft (5-7), the middle of the lifting shaft (5-7) is provided with a threaded hole, the middle of the lifting cover plate (5-5) is provided with a lifting screw rod (5-6), the top of the lifting screw rod (5-6) is provided with a lifting crank (5-8), the parts of the lifting screw rod (5-6) positioned below the lifting cover plate (5-5) are threaded sections, the threaded sections of the lifting screw rod (5-6) are in threaded connection with the threaded hole on the lifting shaft (5-7), the upper part and the lower part of the two lifting inner plates (5-2) at the same side are respectively and fixedly provided with a lifting upper plate (5-4) and a lifting lower plate (5-3), and the seed sowing device (7) and the ditching device (8) are arranged on the lifting upper plate (5-4) and the.

4. The miniature potato planter for field operations of claim 3, wherein: the ditching device (8) comprises a lifting rod (8-1), a ditching frame (8-2), a ditching plowshare (8-3), a ditching opening and closing plate (8-4), a ditching connecting sleeve (8-6), an opening and closing shaft (8-7), an opening and closing adjusting rod (8-8), an opening and closing adjusting fixing rod (8-9), a hinge (8-10) and a ditching plate (8-11), wherein two ends of the lifting rod (8-1) are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two lifting lower plates (5-3), the middle part of the lifting rod (8-1) is fixedly provided with the ditching connecting sleeve (8-6), the ditching frame (8-2) is fixed in the ditching connecting sleeve (8-6) through screws, the lower section of the ditching frame (8-2) is of an arc-shaped structure, and the ditching plowshare (8-3) is fixed at the end part of the arc-shaped structure, a herringbone ditching plate (8-11) is fixedly mounted on a rear side ditching frame (8-2) of a ditching plowshare (8-3), ditching split plates (8-4) are mounted on two side plates of the ditching plate (8-11) through hinges (8-10) respectively, an opening and closing shaft (8-7) is mounted at the back of each ditching split plate (8-4), an opening and closing adjusting rod (8-8) is sleeved on each opening and closing shaft (8-7), an opening and closing adjusting fixing rod (8-9) is mounted on a lifting rod (8-1), and the two opening and closing adjusting rods (8-8) are fixedly connected with the end portions of the opening and closing adjusting fixing rods (8-9) through screws.

5. The miniature potato planter for field operations of claim 4, wherein: the ditching frame (8-2) at the upper side of the ditching plate (8-11) is provided with a herringbone ditching soil retaining plate (8-5).

6. The miniature potato planter for field operations as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein: the seed metering device (7) comprises a seed box (7-1), seed metering device clamping plates (7-2), a seed metering shaft (7-3) and a chain scoop type seed metering device (7-4), wherein two ends of the seed metering shaft (7-3) are respectively arranged on two lifting upper plates (5-4) through bearings, the seed metering shaft (7-3) is connected with a driving device (10) through a transmission mechanism, the seed metering device clamping plates (7-2) are fixedly arranged on lifting rods (8-1), a driving chain wheel of the chain scoop type seed metering device (7-4) made of elastic materials is arranged on the seed metering shaft (7-3), a shell of the chain scoop type seed metering device (7-4) is fixed on the seed metering device clamping plates (7-2), the seed box (7-1) is fixedly arranged on the shell of the chain scoop type seed metering device (7-4), and the seed box (7-1) is provided with a seed taking groove for a seed spoon of the chain spoon type seed sowing device (7-4) to pass through.

7. The miniature potato planter for field operations of claim 6, wherein: two sides of the seed taking groove at the lower part of the seed box (7-1) are respectively provided with an auxiliary seed filling block (7-5).

8. The miniature potato planter for field operations of claim 6, wherein: a speed regulator (6) is arranged on a transmission mechanism connecting the seeding shaft (7-3) and the driving device (10).

9. The miniature potato planter for field operations as claimed in any one of claims 1-5 and 7-8, wherein: the two rear wheels (4) are respectively arranged on the frame (1) through a telescopic rod (11).

10. The miniature potato planter for field operations as claimed in any one of claims 1-5 and 7-8, wherein: the soil covering device (3) comprises soil covering disks (3-1), soil covering connecting frames (3-2), soil covering connecting rods (3-3), connecting plates (3-4), connecting blocks (3-5), tension spring connecting frames (3-6) and tension springs (3-7), wherein two sides of the tail part of the rack (1) are respectively and fixedly provided with one connecting plate (3-4), two ends of each soil covering connecting rod (3-3) are respectively fixed on the two connecting plates (3-4), the connecting blocks (3-5) are clamped in the middle parts of the soil covering connecting rods (3-3), the soil covering connecting frames (3-2) in a T-shaped structure are fixed on the connecting blocks (3-5), two ends of the transverse part of each soil covering connecting frame (3-2) in a T-shaped structure are respectively and fixedly provided with one soil covering disk (3-1), the two soil covering disks (3-1) are combined to form a splayed structure, and the large opening end of the splayed structure formed by the two soil covering disks (3-1) is arranged on one side of the seed sowing device (7); one end of a tension spring (3-7) is connected to the middle of the vertical rod of the earthing connecting frame (3-2), the other end of the tension spring (3-7) is connected to the tension spring connecting frame (3-6), and the tension spring connecting frame (3-6) is welded to the earthing connecting rod (3-3).