CN113228890A

CN113228890A - Wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine

Info

Publication number: CN113228890A
Application number: CN202110550281.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董臣; 韩天富; 孙�石; 吴存祥; 徐彩龙
Original assignee: Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-05-20
Filing date: 2021-05-20
Publication date: 2021-08-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder, which comprises a frame, a double-ground wheel driving mechanism and a no-tillage fertilizing and sowing combined monomer; the double ground wheel driving mechanism is arranged at the front part of the frame; a plurality of no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combination units are arranged on the frame in parallel; each no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combination monomer comprises a no-tillage stubble breaking device monomer, a fertilizing shovel, a first soil covering device, a furrow opener, a double-grain hole seeding device, a second soil covering device, a press wheel and a straw covering wheel which are arranged in sequence; the no-tillage stubble breaking device monomer is used for treating wheat straw weeds in the advancing direction of the seeder; the fertilizing shovel is used for ditching and fertilizing in the advancing process of the seeder; the first soil covering device is used for covering soil in the fertilized grooves to form a sowing belt; the furrow opener is used for ditching on the seeding belt; the double-seed hole sowing seed sowing device is used for sowing seeds into the grooves on the sowing belt; the second soil covering device is used for covering soil in the sowed groove to form a seedling belt; the press wheel is used for pressing soil covering the groove; the straw covering wheel is used for covering the wheat straws on the seedling belts.

Description

Wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing precision seeder, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery.

Background

In the traditional sowing operation mode, before soybean sowing, stubble cleaning treatment needs to be carried out on a cultivation area, then sowing is carried out by utilizing a sowing machine, and the sowing operation is slow and high in cost. With the continuous development of modern agricultural technology, various no-tillage seeders gradually appear in the market, and the seeders can be sowed without stubble cleaning; however, aiming at the characteristics of large wheat stubble straw amount and hard soil in Huang-Huai-Hai region, the problems of blockage, poor consistency of sowing depth and the like exist when the existing no-tillage sowing machine is adopted for sowing, the sowing quality is seriously influenced, and even the yield of soybeans in later period is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the invention aims to provide a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder comprises a frame, a double-ground wheel driving mechanism and a no-tillage fertilizing and sowing combined monomer; the double ground wheel driving mechanism is arranged below the front part of the frame; a plurality of the no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combination units are arranged on the rack in parallel;

each no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combination monomer comprises a no-tillage stubble breaking monomer, a fertilizing shovel, a first soil covering device, a furrow opener, a double-grain hole seeding device, a second soil covering device, a press wheel, a straw covering wheel and a four-connecting-rod profiling mechanism;

the no-tillage stubble breaking device monomer is connected to the frame and is used for treating wheat straw weeds in the advancing direction of the seeder;

the fertilizing shovel comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizing shovel component, the fertilizer box is mounted at the top of the frame, and the fertilizing shovel component is arranged on the frame behind the no-tillage stubble breaking unit and connected with the fertilizer box and used for ditching and fertilizing in the advancing process of the seeder;

the double-seed hill-drop seed-metering device comprises an installation frame, a seed box and a seed metering device, wherein the seed box is installed on the installation frame, and the seed metering device is connected with the seed box, fixed on the installation frame and used for seeding in a groove formed in a seeding belt;

the first soil covering device is positioned at the front side of the seed sowing device, connected to the mounting frame and used for covering soil in the fertilized ditch to form a sowing belt;

the furrow opener is arranged between the first soil covering device and the seed sowing device, is connected with the mounting frame and is used for ditching on the sowing belt;

the four-bar linkage profiling mechanism is arranged above the fertilizing shovel and the first soil covering device, the fixed end of the four-bar linkage profiling mechanism is connected with the rack, and the movable end of the four-bar linkage profiling mechanism is connected with the mounting rack;

the second soil covering device is positioned at the rear part of the seed sowing device, connected to the mounting frame and used for covering soil in the sowed groove to form a seedling belt;

the press wheel is positioned behind the second soil covering device and connected to the mounting frame and used for pressing soil in the seedling zone;

the straw covering wheel is positioned behind the press wheel and connected to the mounting rack and used for covering wheat straws on the seedling belt.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that preferably, the no-tillage stubble breaking device single body comprises a support plate, a movable cutter head piece, a fixed cutter piece, a power end and a transmission assembly; the support plate is mounted on the rack, the movable cutter head part comprises a movable cutter disc and movable cutters, the movable cutter disc is rotatably connected to the lower end of one side of the support plate, and the movable cutters are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the movable cutter disc along the circumferential direction; the fixed blade part comprises two fixed blades which are positioned behind the movable blade disc part and are arranged on the fertilizing shovel component in parallel, and the movable blade on the movable blade disc penetrates between the two fixed blades; the power end is arranged at the upper end of the support plate and is connected with the power disc through a transmission assembly.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that preferably, the power end comprises a power bearing seat arranged at the upper end of the support plate, and a power input shaft in rotating fit with the power bearing seat;

the movable cutter disc is rotatably installed at the lower end of one side of the support plate through a movable cutter disc shaft and a movable cutter disc bearing seat, the movable cutter disc bearing seat is installed at the lower end of the support plate, the movable cutter disc shaft is rotatably installed on the movable cutter disc bearing seat, the movable cutter disc is located at one side of the support plate and is installed on the movable cutter disc shaft, and the movable cutter disc shaft is connected with the power end through a transmission assembly.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that preferably, the fertilizing shovel component comprises a ditching shovel and a fertilizing pipe, the ditching shovel comprises a shovel body, a shovel tip, a shovel handle and shovel trousers, the shovel tip is arranged at the front end tip of the shovel body, the shovel handle is arranged at the top of the shovel body, the shovel handle extends into and is fixed in the shovel trousers, and the shovel trousers are fixed on the rack; the fertilizing tube is fixed on the rear side of the shovel body and connected with the fertilizer box.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that the shovel body is of a plate-shaped structure, the thickness of the shovel body is 20mm, the front shovel of the shovel body is a bending surface and is formed by splicing a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface, the first inclined surface is located below the second inclined surface and connected with the second inclined surface, the included angle between the first inclined surface and the horizontal ground is smaller than the included angle between the second inclined surface and the horizontal ground, and the included angle between the first inclined surface and the horizontal ground is the soil entering angle of the ditching shovel.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that preferably, the edges of two sides of the front shovel surface of the shovel body are chamfered;

two protective plates are arranged on two sides of the rear part of the shovel body, and the fertilizing pipe is positioned between the two protective plates;

two guide plates are arranged on two sides of the upper part of the shovel body and extend towards the rear part of the shovel body, the front parts of the two guide plates are arranged on two sides of the shovel body in a V shape, the rear parts of the two guide plates are parallel to each other, and the two guide plates are positioned on the outer sides of the two guard plates.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder preferably comprises a connecting frame and an earth covering disc, wherein the first earth covering device and the second earth covering device have the same structure, and teeth are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the earth covering disc in the circumferential direction; the connecting rod is installed on the installation frame, the two soil covering disks are connected to the lower portion of the connection frame in a relatively rotating mode, the soil covering disks are arranged in an inclined mode relative to the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine, a conical soil covering channel extending along the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine is formed between the two soil covering disks, one end, along the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine, of the conical soil covering channel is a large end, and the other end, opposite to the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine, of the conical soil covering channel is a small end.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that the straw covering wheel preferably comprises a bracket and a straw covering wheel piece; the bracket is connected to the mounting frame; the straw covering wheel piece comprises a straw covering wheel disc and a plurality of straw covering teeth which are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the straw covering wheel disc in the circumferential direction; the two straw covering wheels are relatively rotatably connected to the lower part of the support, the straw covering wheels are obliquely arranged relative to the advancing direction of the seeder, a conical straw covering channel extending along the advancing direction of the seeder is formed between the two straw covering wheels, one end of the conical straw covering channel along the advancing direction of the seeder is a large end, and the other end opposite to the advancing direction of the seeder is a small end.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that preferably, the double-land wheel driving mechanism comprises a driving bracket, a land wheel assembly, a one-way rotating bearing, a driving shaft, a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel and a driving chain; the transmission bracket is arranged on the rack, the two land wheel assemblies are rotatably arranged on two sides of the bottom of the transmission bracket, the one-way rotating bearing is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the land wheel assemblies, and the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the top of the transmission bracket; the driving chain wheel is arranged on the outer side of the one-way rotating bearing, the driven chain wheels are fixedly connected to the two ends of the transmission shaft, and the transmission chain is connected between the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheels which are located on the same side.

The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder preferably comprises a no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combined single body, a four-connecting-rod profiling mechanism and a self-tightening nut, wherein the four-connecting-rod profiling mechanism is provided with a thrust bearing and comprises a four-connecting-rod front support, an upper pull rod, a lower pull rod, a four-connecting-rod rear support, a four-connecting-rod tension spring, a fixing bolt, a thrust bearing and a self-tightening nut; the four-bar linkage type self-tightening nut comprises an upper pull rod, a four-bar linkage front support, an upper pull rod, a four-bar linkage rear support, a four-bar linkage front support, a four-bar linkage rear support and self-tightening nuts, wherein the upper pull rod is arranged between the four-bar linkage front support and the upper end of the four-bar linkage rear support; the lower pull rod is arranged between the lower ends of the four-bar front support and the four-bar rear support in parallel to the upper pull rod, thrust bearings are arranged between the lower pull rod and the four-bar front support and between the lower pull rod and the four-bar rear support in a matched mode, fixing bolts penetrate through the lower pull rod, the four-bar front support and the thrust bearings and between the lower pull rod and the four-bar rear support and the thrust bearings, and the self-tightening nuts are tightened on the fixing bolts; the four-connecting-rod tension spring is connected between the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod; the four-bar linkage front support is used as a fixed end and fixedly connected to the rack, and the four-bar linkage rear support is used as a movable end and connected to the mounting frame.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: the invention uses the no-tillage stubble breaking device to treat wheat stubble weeds in the traveling direction of the seeder without performing 'stubble cleaning' operation in advance, and uses the fertilizing shovel, the first soil covering device, the furrow opener, the double-grain hole sowing seed sowing device, the second soil covering device, the press wheel and the straw covering wheel to complete the complete set of seeding operation of stubble breaking, seedling belt deep loosening, seed and fertilizer co-location fertilization and double-grain hole sowing precision sowing of soybeans, thereby achieving the modern precision sowing operation mode of taking advanced agricultural measures as sowing and laying a solid foundation for improving the soybean yield in Huang-Huai-Hai areas.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine provided by an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a plurality of no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combined units arranged on a frame in parallel in a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole seeding machine provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a no-tillage stubble breaking unit in a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 4;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fertilizing shovel in a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a first soil covering device and a second soil covering device in a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a top view of the first and second coverers of the wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-seed hole sowing machine provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a straw covering wheel in the wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a top view of FIG. 10;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-ground wheel driving mechanism in a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a four-bar linkage copying mechanism with a thrust bearing installed in the wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 15 is a front view of fig. 14.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "inner", "outer", "transverse", "vertical", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used to define elements only for convenience in distinguishing between the elements, and unless otherwise stated have no special meaning and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder, which includes a frame 1, a double-wheel driving mechanism 2, and a no-tillage fertilizing and sowing combined unit 3; the double-ground wheel driving mechanism 2 is arranged below the front part of the frame 1; a plurality of no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combined units 3 are arranged on the frame 1 in parallel;

each no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combination single body 3 comprises a no-tillage stubble breaking device single body 31, a fertilizing shovel 32, a first soil covering device 33, a furrow opener 34, a double-grain hole seeding device 35, a second soil covering device 36, a press wheel 37, a straw covering wheel 38 and a four-link profiling mechanism 39; the no-tillage stubble breaking device monomer 31 is connected to the frame 1 and is used for processing wheat straw weeds in the advancing direction of the seeder; the fertilizing shovel 32 is positioned behind the no-tillage stubble breaking device single body 31 and comprises a fertilizer box 321 and a fertilizing shovel component 322, the fertilizer box 321 is installed at the top of the frame 1, and the fertilizing shovel component 322 is arranged on the frame 1 behind the no-tillage stubble breaking device single body 31, is connected with the fertilizer box 321 and is used for ditching and fertilizing in the advancing process of the seeder; the double-seed hill-drop seeding device 35 comprises a mounting frame, a seed box 351 and a seeding device 352, wherein the seed box 351 is mounted at the top of the mounting frame, and the seeding device 352 is connected with the seed box 351 and fixed on the mounting frame and used for seeding in a groove formed on a seeding belt; the first coverer 33 is positioned at the front side of the seeding unit 352 and connected to the mounting frame and used for covering soil in the ditch after fertilization to form a seeding belt; a furrow opener 34 is positioned between the first coverer 33 and the seed meter 352 and is attached to the mounting frame for opening furrows in the seed strip; the four-bar linkage profiling mechanism 39 is arranged above the fertilizing shovel 32 and the first soil covering device 33, the fixed end of the four-bar linkage profiling mechanism 39 is connected with the frame 1, and the movable end of the four-bar linkage profiling mechanism 39 is connected with the mounting frame; the second coverer 36 is positioned at the rear of the seeding unit 352, fixed on the mounting frame and used for covering soil into the sowed grooves to form a seedling belt; a press wheel 37 is positioned behind the second coverer 36 and connected to the mounting frame for pressing the soil of the seedling zone; a straw covering wheel 38 is positioned behind the press wheel 37 and is connected to the mounting frame for covering the seedling strips with wheat straw.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 4-6, the no-tillage stubble-breaking unit 31 comprises a bracket plate 311, a movable cutter disc piece 312, a fixed cutter piece 313, a power end 314 and a transmission component 315; the support plate 311 is mounted on the frame 1, the movable cutter disc part 312 comprises a movable cutter disc 3121 and movable cutter blades 3122, the movable cutter disc 3121 is rotatably connected to the lower end of one side of the support plate 311, and the plurality of movable cutter blades 3122 are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the movable cutter disc 3121 along the circumferential direction; the fixed blade part 313 comprises two fixed blades 3131 which are positioned behind the movable blade disc part 312 and arranged on the fertilizing shovel component 322 in parallel, and the movable blade 3122 on the movable blade disc 3121 penetrates between the two fixed blades 3131; the power end 314 is disposed at the upper end of the mounting plate 311 and the power end 314 is connected to the power disc 3121 via the transmission assembly 315.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the power end 314 includes a power bearing block 3141 mounted on the upper end of the bracket plate 311, and a power input shaft 3142 rotationally coupled to the power bearing block. It should be understood that the power input shaft 3142 may be disposed on the power bearing block 3141 of the plurality of no-tillage stubble-breaking units 31, and the power input shaft 3142 transmits the power provided by the external power mechanism to the plurality of no-tillage stubble-breaking units 31 to drive the movable cutter head members 312 of the plurality of no-tillage stubble-breaking units 31 to rotate.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the movable blade disc 3121 is rotatably mounted at the lower end of one side of the supporting plate 311 through a movable blade disc shaft 3123 and a movable blade disc bearing seat 3124, the movable blade disc bearing seat 3124 is mounted at the lower end of the supporting plate 311, the movable blade disc 3123 is rotatably mounted on the movable blade disc bearing seat 3124, the movable blade disc 3121 is located at one side of the supporting plate 311 and mounted on the movable blade disc shaft 3123, and the movable blade disc shaft 3123 is connected to the power end 314 through the transmission assembly 315.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, 8, the fertilizing shovel assembly 322 includes a furrowing shovel 3221 and a fertilizing tube 3222; the ditching shovel 3221 comprises a shovel body 3221-1, a shovel tip 3221-2, a shovel handle 3221-3 and shovel pants 3221-4, the shovel tip 3221-2 is arranged at the front end tip portion of the shovel body 3221-1, the shovel handle 3221-3 is arranged at the top portion of the shovel body 3221-1, the shovel handle 3221-3 is inserted into and fixed in the shovel pants 3221-4, and the shovel pants 3221-4 are fixed on the frame 1; the fertilizing pipe 3222 is fixed at the rear side of the shovel body 3221-1, and the fertilizing pipe 3222 is connected with the fertilizer box 321.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 7, the shovel body 3221-1 is a plate-shaped structure, the thickness of the shovel body 3221-1 is 20mm, the front shovel surface of the shovel body 3221-1 is a bent surface, and the shovel body is formed by splicing a first inclined surface 3221-11 and a second inclined surface 3221-12, the first inclined surface 3221-11 is located below and connected to the second inclined surface 3221-12, an included angle between the first inclined surface 3221-11 and the horizontal ground is smaller than an included angle between the second inclined surface 3221-12 and the horizontal ground, and an included angle between the first inclined surface 3221-11 and the horizontal ground is an earth penetration angle of the furrowing shovel 3221.

In some examples, the edges of the front blade surface of the blade body 3221-1 are chamfered to reduce resistance of the blade body 3221 during ditching.

In some examples, two protection plates 323 are disposed at two sides of the rear of the shovel body 3221-1, and the fertilizing tube 3222 is located between the two protection plates 323.

In the above embodiment, two flow guiding plates 324 are disposed on both sides of the upper portion of the shovel body 3221-1 and extend rearward, the front portions of the two flow guiding plates 324 are disposed on both sides of the shovel body 3221-1 in a V-shape, the rear portions of the two flow guiding plates 324 are parallel to each other, and the two flow guiding plates 324 are disposed outside the two protection plates 323.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the first and second

soil covering devices

33 and 36 have the same structure and each include a connecting frame 310 and a soil covering disk 320, and the soil covering disk 320 has teeth 330 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer edge; wherein, the link 310 is installed on the mounting bracket, and two earthing disc 320 rotate relatively and connect in the lower part of link 310, and earthing disc 320 arranges for the direction of travel slope of no-tillage seeder, forms the toper earthing passageway that extends along the direction of travel of no-tillage seeder approximately between two earthing disc 320, and the one end of toper earthing passageway along the direction of travel of no-tillage seeder is the main aspects, and the other end of the direction of travel of the opposite no-tillage seeder is the tip.

In some examples, two covering disks 320 are installed at the lower portion of the connecting frame 310 symmetrically with respect to the traveling direction of the no-tillage planter.

In some examples, the taper of the tapered casing channel (i.e., the angle between the two casing disks 320, which may also be referred to as the casing angle) is between 10 ° and 30 °.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 11, 12, straw mulching wheel 38 includes a bracket 381 and a straw mulching wheel member 382; the bracket 381 is connected with the mounting rack; the straw covering wheel piece 382 comprises a straw covering wheel disc 3821 and a plurality of straw covering teeth 3822 which are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the straw covering wheel disc 3821 in the circumferential direction; the two straw covering wheel members 382 are relatively and rotatably connected to the lower part of the bracket 381, the straw covering wheel members 382 are obliquely arranged relative to the traveling direction of the seeder, a conical straw covering channel which approximately extends along the traveling direction of the seeder is formed between the two straw covering wheel members 382, one end of the conical straw covering channel along the traveling direction of the seeder is a large end, and the other end opposite to the traveling direction of the seeder is a small end.

In some examples, the taper of the tapered casing channel (i.e., the angle between the two straw mulching wheels 382, which may also be referred to as the straw mulching angle) is 40 °.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 13, the dual ground wheel drive mechanism 2 includes a drive bracket 21, a ground wheel assembly 22, a one-way rotation bearing 23, a drive shaft 24, a drive sprocket 25, a driven sprocket 26, and a drive chain 27; the transmission bracket 21 is arranged on the frame 1, the two land wheel assemblies 22 are rotatably arranged at two sides of the bottom of the transmission bracket 21, the one-way rotating bearing 23 is coaxially arranged at the outer side of the land wheel assemblies 22, and the transmission shaft 24 is rotatably arranged at the top of the transmission bracket 21; the driving chain wheel 25 is arranged at the outer side of the one-way rotating bearing 23, two driven chain wheels 26 are fixedly connected at two ends of the transmission shaft 24, and the transmission chain 27 is connected between the driving chain wheel 25 and the driven chain wheels 26 which are positioned at the same side.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 1, the invention further comprises a suspension mechanism and a gearbox 5; the suspension mechanism comprises a three-point suspension bracket 4 which is fixed at the front part of the frame 1 and is used for hanging the seeder with a tractor, and the tractor can be a tractor; the gearbox 5 is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor through a universal joint transmission shaft; the gear box 5 is respectively connected with the double-land wheel driving mechanism 2 and the no-tillage stubble breaking device monomer 31 through the transmission mechanism, and the double-land wheel driving mechanism 2 is connected with the double-grain hole sowing seed sowing device 35 through the transmission mechanism to provide power for the walking, fertilizing and sowing operations of the wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seed sowing machine.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the four-bar copying mechanism 39 adopts a four-bar copying mechanism with thrust bearings, and comprises a four-bar front bracket 391, an upper pull rod 392, a lower pull rod 393, a four-bar rear bracket 394, a four-bar tension spring 395, a fixing bolt 396, a thrust bearing 397 and a self-tightening nut 398; the upper pull rod 392 is arranged between the upper ends of the four-bar front bracket 391 and the four-bar rear bracket 394, thrust bearings 397 are arranged between the upper pull rod 392 and the four-bar front bracket 391 and between the upper pull rod 392 and the four-bar rear bracket 394 in a matching mode, fixing bolts 396 penetrate among the upper pull rod 392, the four-bar front bracket 391 and the thrust bearings 397 and among the upper pull rod 392, the four-bar rear bracket 394 and the thrust bearings 397, and self-tightening nuts 398 are tightened on the fixing bolts 396 to hinge the upper pull rod 392 between the upper ends of the four-bar front bracket 391 and the four-bar rear bracket 394; the lower pulling rod 393 is arranged between the lower ends of the four-bar front bracket 391 and the four-bar rear bracket 394 in parallel to the upper pulling rod 392, wherein thrust bearings 397 are installed between the lower pulling rod 393 and the four-bar front bracket 391 and between the lower pulling rod 393 and the four-bar rear bracket 394 in a matching way, fixing bolts 396 are arranged among the lower pulling rod 393, the four-bar front bracket 391 and the thrust bearings 397 and among the lower pulling rod 393, the four-bar rear bracket 394 and the thrust bearings 397 in a penetrating way, and self-tightening nuts 398 are tightened on the fixing bolts 396 so as to hinge the lower pulling rod 393 between the lower ends of the four-bar front bracket 391 and the four-bar rear bracket 394; a four-bar tension spring 395 is connected between the upper pull rod 392 and the lower pull rod 393, wherein the four-bar front bracket 391 is used as a fixed end and fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the four-bar rear bracket 394 is used as a movable end and connected with the mounting frame.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention further comprises a seeding depth adjusting mechanism 6, which comprises a screw nut assembly and a crank, wherein the furrow opener 34 comprises a seeding furrow cutter, the seeding furrow cutter is distributed below the front side of the seeding unit 352 and is connected with the lower end of a screw in the screw nut assembly through a connecting frame, the nut in the screw nut assembly is fixed on the press wheel 37, and the upper end of the screw is connected with the crank. During the use, the manual rotation crank, because the press wheel 37 is pressed on soil surface all the time, so use press wheel 37 as the fulcrum, the lead screw can do the up-and-down motion for the nut that is fixed in on press wheel 37, and then drives the seeding furrow cutter and reciprocates, and then reaches the effect of adjustment seeding furrow cutter depth of penetrating into the soil to realize the regulation of the depth of planting.

In some examples, it is preferable that the present invention further comprises grass pressing wheels 30, and two grass pressing wheels 30 are provided on both sides of the first coverer for rolling and feeding the pressed wheat straw weeds to a loose position between the double-seed hole-sowing seed sowing devices 35.

The working principle of the wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is as follows:

the machine is hung on a tractor by a hanging mechanism 4, a power output shaft of the tractor is connected with a gearbox 5 on a seeder by a universal joint transmission shaft, the gearbox 5 is in transmission connection with a double-land wheel driving mechanism 2 and a no-tillage stubble-breaking device monomer 31, and the double-land wheel driving mechanism 2 is in transmission connection with a double-grain hole seeding device 35; during sowing, the whole machine is adjusted to be in a horizontal state under the condition that the required fertilizing and ditching depth is reached, the tractor is connected with the power output shaft when walking to drive the gearbox 5 to run, the gearbox 5 drives the no-tillage stubble-breaking device single bodies 31 in the plurality of no-tillage fertilizing and sowing combined single bodies 3 to run, namely, the movable knife disc 3121 in the power disc part 312 of the no-tillage stubble-breaking device 31 is driven to rotate; when the fertilizing shovel 32 hooks up weeds in soil, the weeds move upwards along the front shovel surface of the fertilizing shovel and are accumulated together with wheat straws on the ground surface to a place where the movable blade 3122 of the no-tillage stubble breaking device single body 31 can be poked, the movable blade 3122 rotating at high speed can poke the weeds and the wheat straws together to a shearing area formed by the fixed blades 3131 fixedly installed on two sides of the fertilizing shovel handle, as the movable blade 3122 passes through the middle of the two fixed blades 3131, all the weeds can be cut off under the action of high-speed shearing force, and the weeds broken into two sections slide to the middle position between 2 seedling belts through the guide plates 324 respectively installed on the rear side of the fertilizing shovel 32; the grass pressing wheel is pressed down by the rolling grass pressing wheel and is conveyed to a loose position between the rear side sowing monomers, so that the cut weeds are prevented from entering the seedling belt again, and the safety passing performance of the whole machine is guaranteed.

On the basis, the seeder can safely implement the precise seeding operation of double-grain hole seeding of the soybeans, and firstly, the fertilizing shovel 32 completes the subsequent deep loosening of soybean seedling belts to be sown and the fertilizing operation completed by fertilizers conveyed by the fertilizer box and the fertilizer conveying pipe according to the ditching depth of 10 cm. The four-bar linkage profiling mechanism 39 controls profiling to adjust the actual height of the first soil covering device 33, the soil covering operation after fertilization is completed when the soil covering thickness after standard fertilization is reached, the loss of fertilizer efficiency is avoided, meanwhile, the fertilizer and soybean seeds which are subsequently sowed right above the fertilizer are separated, and the phenomenon of 'seed burning' of the fertilizer is avoided. Then, the furrow opener 34 continues to open furrows on the fertilizing and soil-covering seeding belt, and the position of the seeding furrow knife can be adjusted by the seeding depth adjusting mechanism 6, so that the furrowing depth of the seeding furrow knife reaches the standard seeding depth; the seed sowing device 352 is driven by the double-land wheel driving mechanism 2 to sow double-grain soybeans into the opened sowing trenches according to the specified hole spacing, and then effective operations such as soil covering operation and pressing by the pressing wheel 37 are carried out by the subsequent second soil covering device 36, and finally the precise sowing operation of double-grain hole sowing of the soybeans is completed; finally, the straw covering wheel 38 forces the weeds and straws which are processed to two sides by the no-tillage stubble breaking device monomer 31 to be pushed to the soybean seedling belt after the seeds are sowed, so as to achieve the purpose of covering the straw on the soybean seedling belt.

The sowing machine provided by the embodiment of the disclosure utilizes a no-tillage stubble breaking device monomer to clear wheat stubble weeds, does not need to carry out 'stubble cleaning' operation in advance, ensures the safety passing performance of the whole machine, completes the deep loosening of seedling belts, the homotopic fertilization of seed fertilizers and the earthing operation by matching a fertilizing shovel with a first soil covering device, and completes the double-grain hole sowing of soybeans by matching a furrow opener, a double-grain hole sowing seed sowing device and a second soil covering device; achieves the modernized precision seeding operation mode of seeding by advanced agronomic measures and lays a solid foundation for improving the soybean yield in Huang-Huai-Hai areas.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing seeder is characterized in that: comprises a frame, a double-ground wheel driving mechanism and a no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combined monomer; the double ground wheel driving mechanism is arranged below the front part of the frame; a plurality of the no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combination units are arranged on the rack in parallel;

2. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the no-tillage stubble breaking device single body comprises a support plate, a movable cutter disc part, a fixed cutter piece, a power end and a transmission assembly; the support plate is mounted on the rack, the movable cutter head part comprises a movable cutter disc and movable cutters, the movable cutter disc is rotatably connected to the lower end of one side of the support plate, and the movable cutters are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the movable cutter disc along the circumferential direction; the fixed blade part comprises two fixed blades which are positioned behind the movable blade disc part and are arranged on the fertilizing shovel component in parallel, and the movable blade on the movable blade disc penetrates between the two fixed blades; the power end is arranged at the upper end of the support plate and is connected with the power disc through a transmission assembly.

3. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the power end comprises a power bearing seat arranged at the upper end of the support plate, and a power input shaft in rotating fit with the power bearing seat;

4. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fertilizing shovel component comprises a ditching shovel and a fertilizing pipe, the ditching shovel comprises a shovel body, a shovel tip, a shovel handle and shovel trousers, the shovel tip is arranged at the front end tip of the shovel body, the shovel handle is arranged at the top of the shovel body, the shovel handle extends into and is fixed in the shovel trousers, and the shovel trousers are fixed on the rack; the fertilizing tube is fixed on the rear side of the shovel body and connected with the fertilizer box.

5. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine of claim 4, wherein: the shovel body is plate-shaped structure, and thickness is 20mm, the preceding shovel of the shovel body is personally submitted the face of buckling, forms by first inclined plane and the concatenation of second inclined plane, first inclined plane is located second inclined plane below and rather than being connected, the contained angle of first inclined plane and level ground is less than the contained angle of second inclined plane and level ground, the contained angle of first inclined plane and level ground is the buried angle of ditching shovel.

6. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine of claim 4, wherein: the edges of two sides of the front shovel surface of the shovel body are chamfered;

7. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first soil covering device and the second soil covering device are identical in structure and respectively comprise a connecting frame and a soil covering disc, and teeth which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer edge of the soil covering disc; the connecting rod is installed on the installation frame, the two soil covering disks are connected to the lower portion of the connection frame in a relatively rotating mode, the soil covering disks are arranged in an inclined mode relative to the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine, a conical soil covering channel extending along the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine is formed between the two soil covering disks, one end, along the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine, of the conical soil covering channel is a large end, and the other end, opposite to the advancing direction of the no-tillage seeding machine, of the conical soil covering channel is a small end.

8. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw covering wheel comprises a bracket and a straw covering wheel piece; the bracket is connected to the mounting frame; the straw covering wheel piece comprises a straw covering wheel disc and a plurality of straw covering teeth which are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the straw covering wheel disc in the circumferential direction; the two straw covering wheels are relatively rotatably connected to the lower part of the support, the straw covering wheels are obliquely arranged relative to the advancing direction of the seeder, a conical straw covering channel extending along the advancing direction of the seeder is formed between the two straw covering wheels, one end of the conical straw covering channel along the advancing direction of the seeder is a large end, and the other end opposite to the advancing direction of the seeder is a small end.

9. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-land wheel driving mechanism comprises a transmission bracket, a land wheel assembly, a one-way rotating bearing, a transmission shaft, a driving chain wheel, a driven chain wheel and a transmission chain; the transmission bracket is arranged on the rack, the two land wheel assemblies are rotatably arranged on two sides of the bottom of the transmission bracket, the one-way rotating bearing is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the land wheel assemblies, and the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the top of the transmission bracket; the driving chain wheel is arranged on the outer side of the one-way rotating bearing, the driven chain wheels are fixedly connected to the two ends of the transmission shaft, and the transmission chain is connected between the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheels which are located on the same side.

10. The wheat stubble no-tillage soybean double-grain hole sowing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the no-tillage fertilizing and seeding combination unit also comprises a four-connecting-rod profiling mechanism provided with a thrust bearing, and the four-connecting-rod profiling mechanism comprises a four-connecting-rod front support, an upper pull rod, a lower pull rod, a four-connecting-rod rear support, a four-connecting-rod tension spring, a fixing bolt, a thrust bearing and a self-tightening nut; the four-bar linkage type self-tightening nut comprises an upper pull rod, a four-bar linkage front support, an upper pull rod, a four-bar linkage rear support, a four-bar linkage front support, a four-bar linkage rear support and self-tightening nuts, wherein the upper pull rod is arranged between the four-bar linkage front support and the upper end of the four-bar linkage rear support; the lower pull rod is arranged between the lower ends of the four-bar front support and the four-bar rear support in parallel to the upper pull rod, thrust bearings are arranged between the lower pull rod and the four-bar front support and between the lower pull rod and the four-bar rear support in a matched mode, fixing bolts penetrate through the lower pull rod, the four-bar front support and the thrust bearings and between the lower pull rod and the four-bar rear support and the thrust bearings, and the self-tightening nuts are tightened on the fixing bolts; the four-connecting-rod tension spring is connected between the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod; the four-bar linkage front support is used as a fixed end and fixedly connected to the rack, and the four-bar linkage rear support is used as a movable end and connected to the mounting frame.