CN213066075U - Coupling power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas - Google Patents
Coupling power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN213066075U CN213066075U CN202021514971.5U CN202021514971U CN213066075U CN 213066075 U CN213066075 U CN 213066075U CN 202021514971 U CN202021514971 U CN 202021514971U CN 213066075 U CN213066075 U CN 213066075U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a coupling power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas; the biomass fuel feeding device sequentially comprises a biomass fuel storage bin, a biomass fuel locking hopper and a biomass fuel feeding tank, wherein two discharge ports are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the biomass fuel feeding tank, and the discharge ports are sequentially connected with a primary screw feeder and a secondary screw feeder; the secondary screw feeder is sequentially connected with a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, the cyclone separator is connected with a waste heat boiler, an outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler is communicated with a raw coal-fired boiler, and a flue gas outlet of the raw coal-fired boiler is connected with an air inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace; and a water supply inlet and a steam outlet on the side wall of the waste heat boiler are respectively connected with a water supply outlet of the deaerator and a steam inlet of the boiler. The utility model discloses can realize continuous high-efficient industrialization, degree of automation is high, and the carbon that can significantly reduce discharges, has apparent energy saving and emission reduction effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a biomass gasification coupling power generation field, concretely relates to utilize high temperature flue gas to make biomass gasification's coupling power generation system.
Background
At present, about 6 hundred million tons of crop straws are produced in China every year, wherein about 3 hundred million tons of crop straws can be used as energy sources, and the energy sources are reduced to about 1.5 hundred million tons of standard coal; about 2.4 million tons of crop straws are used by farmers for direct combustion of inefficient stoves or directly incinerated in fields every year in China, which wastes resources and seriously pollutes the environment. The waste straw resources are fully utilized to generate electricity, and the local atmospheric environment can be obviously improved.
The biomass combustible gas and coal coupled power generation mode has the biomass comprehensive power generation efficiency of more than 30 percent, is higher than that of the existing biomass direct combustion power generation (20-25 percent), can reduce the pollutant discharge amount generated by fossil fuel of a power plant, meets the requirement of thermal power generation energy structure adjustment, and also meets the requirement of non-hydroelectric new energy power generation quota specified in renewable energy quota guidance comments issued by the national energy agency. The coal-fired coupling biomass power generation not only can fully utilize the advantages of high capacity and high steam parameters of a coal-fired power plant to achieve high efficiency, but also can utilize facilities such as dust removal, desulfurization and the like of the original power plant, so that the investment is saved, and the economical efficiency is higher. The biomass power generation by coupling coal burning in a large coal-fired power plant is the most economic technical choice for biomass energy utilization.
The conventional gasification coupling system in China mainly depends on the partial combustion exothermic reaction of biomass to maintain the reaction temperature of the gasification furnace. The combustion and the pyrolysis in the gasification furnace occur simultaneously, the temperature control and the oxygen amount control in the furnace are difficult, the heat value of the produced gas is lower due to excessive combustion, and the energy utilization efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an utilize high temperature flue gas to make biomass gasification's coupling power generation system to current gasification technology control difficulty, produce poor quality, energy utilization efficiency and current biomass pyrolysis or gasification technical problem, its can high-efficient controllable biomass gasification, increase pyrolysis or gasification product quality.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a coupling power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas, which comprises a biomass fuel storage bin, a biomass fuel lock hopper (the biomass fuel lock hopper is a device for conveying normal-pressure biomass fuel to a pressurized biomass fuel feeding tank after pressurization so as to keep a gasification furnace to have continuous feeding, ensure positive pressure in the biomass fuel feeding tank and prevent flue gas in the gasification furnace from flowing back to cause safety accidents) and a biomass fuel feeding tank in sequence, wherein two discharge ports are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the biomass fuel feeding tank, and the discharge ports are connected with a primary screw feeder and a secondary screw feeder in sequence; the secondary screw feeder is sequentially connected with a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, the cyclone separator is connected with a waste heat boiler, an outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler is communicated with a raw coal-fired boiler, and a flue gas outlet of the raw coal-fired boiler is connected with an air inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace; a water supply inlet and a steam outlet on the side wall of the waste heat boiler are respectively connected with a water supply outlet of the deaerator and a steam inlet of the boiler; and the inlet and the outlet of the deaerator are respectively connected with a water supply inlet and a low-pressure cylinder from an original main water supply system.
Further, a gas booster fan is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler and the original coal-fired boiler.
And furthermore, a flue gas booster fan is arranged on a pipeline between the flue gas outlet of the original coal-fired boiler and the air inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace.
And furthermore, the outlets at the bottoms of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and the cyclone separator are respectively provided with a conveyor, a slag discharge lock hopper and a slag discharge bin.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the gasification agent in the utility model adopts a part of high-temperature flue gas of the original coal-fired power plant, the flue gas temperature is about 500 ℃, the oxygen content is about 6 percent, the energy required by gasification is provided by the flue gas, partial biomass does not need to be combusted to generate heat, and the energy utilization rate is improved; the biomass is pyrolyzed under the high-temperature and low-oxygen environment, and the energy quality of a gasification product is higher; the gasification process control only needs to control the oxygen supply amount by controlling the amount of the flue gas introduced into the gasification furnace, and the control is simpler and more reliable.
2. The utility model discloses the combustible gas that well gasification produced will be cooled down through exhaust-heat boiler, and the precipitation temperature of tar in the gasification gas is about 350 ℃, and exhaust-heat boiler reduces the temperature of combustible gas to 400 ℃ from 900 ℃, can not only effectively avoid the problem that tar precipitates, adopts the direct high temperature of gasification gas production to carry to the furnace burning, has effectively avoided tar bonding problem in the cooling process, need not any technological equipment of desorption tar to utilized tar heat and gas sensible heat. The low-pressure steam generated by the waste heat boiler is sent to the original steam turbine power generation system of the coal-fired power plant, and the energy utilization efficiency is high.
3. The utility model discloses the flying dust that sediment, cyclone that the gasifier produced send the coal yard of former power plant and send into the boiler burning after the raw coal mixes into, can further realize the effective utilization of living beings.
4. The utility model discloses get gas pressurization, biomass gasification from the flue gas, to exhaust-heat boiler cooling, go to gas booster fan pressure boost again, whole technology production goes on in succession, and convenient controllable, degree of automation is high.
In summary, the following steps: the utility model discloses can realize continuous high-efficient industrialization, degree of automation is high, and the carbon that can significantly reduce discharges, has apparent energy saving and emission reduction effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coupled power generation system for gasifying biomass using high temperature flue gas;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional layout view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is the interrupt floor plan of FIG. 2;
in the figure, a biomass fuel storage bin 1, a biomass fuel lock hopper 2, a biomass fuel feeding tank 3, a discharge port 3.1, a primary screw feeder 4, a secondary screw feeder 5, a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6, a cyclone separator 7, a waste heat boiler 8, a water supply inlet 8.1, a steam outlet 8.2, a deaerator 9, a water supply outlet 9.1, a boiler steam inlet 9.2, an inlet 9.3, an outlet 9.4, a raw coal-fired boiler 10, a flue gas booster fan 11, a gas booster fan 12, a conveyor 13, a slag discharge lock hopper 14, a slag discharge bin 15, a water supply inlet 16 from a raw main water supply system and a low-pressure cylinder 17.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the art.
The coupled power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas as shown in fig. 1-3 sequentially comprises a biomass fuel storage bin 1, a biomass fuel lock hopper 2 and a biomass fuel feeding tank 3, wherein two discharge ports 3.1 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the biomass fuel feeding tank 3, and the discharge ports 3.1 are sequentially connected with a primary screw feeder 4 and a secondary screw feeder 5; the secondary screw feeder 5 is sequentially connected with a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6, a cyclone separator 7 is connected with a waste heat boiler 8, and the bottom outlets of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6 and the cyclone separator 7 are respectively provided with a conveyor 13, a slag discharge lock hopper 14 and a slag discharge bin 15;
an outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler 8 is communicated with the original coal-fired boiler 10, and a gas booster fan 12 is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler 8 and the original coal-fired boiler 10;
the flue gas outlet of the original coal-fired boiler 10 is connected with the air inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6; a flue gas booster fan 11 is arranged on a pipeline between a flue gas outlet of the original coal-fired boiler 10 and an air inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6;
a feed water inlet 8.1 and a steam outlet 8.2 on the side wall of the waste heat boiler 8 are respectively connected with a feed water outlet 9.1 of the deaerator 9 and a boiler steam inlet 9.2; an inlet 9.3 and an outlet 9.4 of the deaerator 9 are respectively connected with a water feeding inlet and a low-pressure cylinder from an original main water feeding system.
The coupling power generation system for gasifying the biomass by using the high-temperature flue gas is suitable for biomass particles with blocky raw materials, and the granularity requirement is as follows: the length of more than or equal to 80 percent of biomass particles is 5-30mm, the length of 100 percent of the biomass particles is less than or equal to 50mm, the diameter of more than or equal to 80 percent of the biomass particles is 5-20mm, and the working process is as follows:
1) biomass is stored in a biomass fuel storage bin 1 at normal pressure and enters a biomass fuel lock hopper 2 through a feeding device and a valve, after the biomass fuel lock hopper 2 is filled with biomass materials, the biomass fuel lock hopper 2 is pressurized through a control system by using compressed air (air is supplied by a public engineering system), when the biomass is pressurized to 12KPa in the biomass fuel lock hopper 2 (the pressure of the biomass fuel lock hopper is consistent with the pressure of a gasification furnace), the pressurization of the biomass fuel lock hopper 2 is completed, the biomass enters a pressurized biomass fuel feeding tank 3 through a feeding valve and a feeding device, a primary screw feeder 4 and a secondary screw feeder 5 are arranged at the bottom of the pressurized feeding bin, and the biomass materials are continuously fed in a feeding mode that the biomass materials enter a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6 through two screw conveyors. After the biomass fuel lock hopper 2 finishes discharging, the biomass fuel lock hopper 2 will release pressure to a normal pressure state, then re-feed and pressurize, and carry out next circulation material conveying, wherein about two circulations are finished every hour, and the feeding amount of each time can maintain the full-load operation of the gasification furnace for 30 minutes;
2) leading out a part of high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of about 500 ℃ from a tail flue of an original coal-fired boiler, boosting the pressure of the high-temperature flue gas to about 12000Pa under the action of a flue gas booster fan 11, feeding the high-temperature flue gas into a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6 to provide energy required by biomass gasification, and simultaneously driving biomass particles to form a boiling fluidized state, wherein high-temperature bed materials in the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6 also fully play a role in heat transfer and mass transfer, accelerate the process of gasification reaction, and finally generate high-temperature combustible gas through gasification; the large biomass particles which are not completely gasified enter the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6 to react again under the separation action of the cyclone separator of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6. The main components of combustible gas are CO and H2、CH4、CO2、N2、H2O、C2H2-6The high-temperature combustible gas is discharged from the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6Then, the high-temperature combustible gas passes through the primary cyclone separator 7 again, the cyclone separator 7 is water-cooled, particles carried in the high-temperature combustible gas are further separated under the action of centrifugal force, and separated ash is cooled and then is sent to a coal yard of an original power plant, is mixed with the original coal and then enters a boiler of the original power plant for combustion. Slag generated at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 6 is also conveyed to a coal yard of the original power plant after being cooled, and enters a boiler 10 of the original power plant after being mixed with the original coal for combustion.
3) The temperature of the combustible gas after passing through the cyclone separator 7 is about 800 ℃, the temperature of the gas is higher, the volume is larger, the diameter of the pipeline is reduced before the combustible gas is sent into the coal-fired boiler of the power plant, the material requirement of the pipeline for conveying the combustible gas is reduced, meanwhile, the tar in the combustible gas is ensured not to be condensed, the temperature of the high-temperature combustible gas is reduced to about 400 ℃ through the waste heat boiler 8, the high-temperature combustible gas is pressurized to about 5000Pa by the gas booster fan 12 and then is sent into the gas burner of the original coal-fired boiler 10, and the gas burner is arranged at the burnout section of the hearth of the original boiler so as to reduce the influence on the flow. The desalted water supplied by the original power plant utility project is deoxidized by the deaerator 9, and then low-pressure steam is generated in the waste heat boiler 8 and is conveyed to the original power plant steam turbine power plant system. In the whole process from the generation of combustible gas in the gasification furnace to the entering of the original coal-fired boiler 10, the temperature of the combustible gas is always maintained above 400 ℃, which is far higher than the condensation temperature of tar, and the tar exists in a gaseous state all the time, and cannot be condensed or adhered on equipment or a fuel gas conveying pipeline. The gasification coupling power generation system can omit tar treatment equipment, simultaneously, the sensible heat of combustible gas and the chemical energy of tar can be fully utilized, and the environmental pollution caused by tar discharge and treatment is avoided.
4) The combustible gas after heat recovery through the cyclone separator 7 and the waste heat boiler 8 can be calculated through on-line gas components, temperature and flow measurement to obtain the total heat input into the original coal-fired boiler 10, and then is sent to an independent gas burner in front of the coal-fired boiler, and the gas enters the boiler through the boiler burner to be combusted. Under the condition of an accident, the combustible gas is provided with an independent emergency discharge torch and a cutting-off system, the gasification furnace is triggered to be stopped emergently by the safety protection action of the gasification system, the gasification system is cut off and isolated from the boiler system, the combustible gas is led to the safety region torch to be discharged, the system automatically carries out the protection procedure of nitrogen replacement, and the gas diffusing device is provided with an ignition device and a nitrogen fire extinguishing facility. The combustible gas conveying pipeline is an alloy seamless steel pipe, and the conveying pipeline is of an internal heat insulation structure. Experimental research is adopted to obtain the input heat and the input oxygen quantity of the flue gas required by the gasification furnace 6, and the gasification process is controlled by monitoring the oxygen content in the on-line gas component analysis and adjusting the input flue gas quantity.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art. Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the present embodiments.
Claims (4)
1. A coupling power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas is characterized in that: the biomass fuel storage hopper sequentially comprises a biomass fuel storage bin (1), a biomass fuel locking hopper (2) and a biomass fuel feeding tank (3), wherein two discharge ports (3.1) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the biomass fuel feeding tank (3), and the discharge ports (3.1) are sequentially connected with a primary screw feeder (4) and a secondary screw feeder (5); the secondary screw feeder (5) is sequentially connected with a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (6), the cyclone separator (7) is connected with a waste heat boiler (8), an outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler (8) is communicated with a raw coal-fired boiler (10), and a flue gas outlet of the raw coal-fired boiler (10) is connected with an air inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (6); a water supply inlet (8.1) and a steam outlet (8.2) on the side wall of the waste heat boiler (8) are respectively connected with a water supply outlet (9.1) of the deaerator (9) and a boiler steam inlet (9.2); and an inlet (9.3) and an outlet (9.4) of the deaerator (9) are respectively connected with a water supply inlet and a low-pressure cylinder from an original main water supply system.
2. The coupled power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a gas booster fan (12) is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet at the bottom of the waste heat boiler (8) and the original coal-fired boiler (10).
3. The coupled power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a flue gas booster fan (11) is arranged on a pipeline between the flue gas outlet of the original coal-fired boiler (10) and the air inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (6).
4. The coupled power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the outlets at the bottoms of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace (6) and the cyclone separator (7) are respectively provided with a conveyor (13), a slag discharge lock hopper (14) and a slag discharge bin (15).
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| CN202021514971.5U CN213066075U (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Coupling power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas |
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| CN202021514971.5U CN213066075U (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Coupling power generation system for gasifying biomass by using high-temperature flue gas |
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Address after: 430040 1 new bridge four, Jin Yin Hu Street, Dongxihu District, Wuhan, Hubei Patentee after: Hubei Electric Power Planning, Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430040 1 new bridge four, Jin Yin Hu Street, Dongxihu District, Wuhan, Hubei Patentee before: POWERCHINA HUBEI ELECTRIC ENGINEERING Corp.,Ltd. |
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