CN111676065A - Biomass and coal co-gasification system and gasification method - Google Patents
Biomass and coal co-gasification system and gasification method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111676065A CN111676065A CN202010579950.XA CN202010579950A CN111676065A CN 111676065 A CN111676065 A CN 111676065A CN 202010579950 A CN202010579950 A CN 202010579950A CN 111676065 A CN111676065 A CN 111676065A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- biomass
- coal
- fluidized bed
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G7/00—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass and coal co-gasification system and a gasification method, and belongs to the field of utilization of carbon-based solid fuel energy. The invention provides a biomass and coal co-gasification system, aiming at the problem that energy cannot be effectively utilized when biomass and coal are co-gasified in the prior art, comprising a raw coal feeding device and a biomass feeding device, wherein the two feeding devices are connected with a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe is connected with a fluidized bed gasification furnace, the fluidized bed gasification furnace is connected with a dust removal device, a waste heat recovery device is further arranged between the fluidized bed gasification furnace and the dust removal device, the waste heat recovery device is connected with a steam power generation device, and the steam power generation device provides steam for gasification reaction in the fluidized bed gasification furnace. According to the invention, sensible heat recovery is carried out on high-temperature gasified coal gas through the waste heat recovery device, the generated superheated steam is recovered and used for generating electricity by the steam power generation device, and the steam power generation device provides steam for gasification reaction, so that the energy utilization rate is obviously improved; the gasification method using the system is simple and convenient to operate and high in safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon-based solid fuel energy utilization, and particularly relates to a biomass and coal co-gasification system and a gasification method.
Background
As a big agricultural country, China can generate a large amount of plant straws every year. At present, the utilization of biomass such as rice straws, corn straws and the like in China mainly adopts the modes of direct burning or crushing and burying. Such utilization not only greatly wastes resources, but also generates smoke from the incineration of biomass, which causes serious environmental and traffic problems. Therefore, if the energy and chemical industry using biomass as raw material can be developed, which is equivalent to generating hundreds of millions of tons of standard petrochemical raw materials of coal every year, the pressure of the shortage of the supply of petrochemical energy raw materials can be effectively relieved. Not only can improve the energy safety of China, but also can effectively reduce the emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases caused by incineration.
The gasification technology is an effective form for high-efficiency utilization of carbon-based solid fuel, and mainly comprises the steps of heating the carbon-based solid fuel to high temperature in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide, steam, air or other atmospheres, and carrying out a series of complex chemical reactions to generate important combustible gas or chemical raw material gas such as CH4, CO, H2 and the like. The biomass gasification technology is one of important biomass energy utilization modes, and can convert low-quality biomass energy into high-quality combustible gas, so that the biomass energy can be widely utilized in various fields of industrial production. However, existing biomass separate gasification technologies exist: the problems of poor stability, irregular particles, low energy density, high tar yield in the gasification process and the like easily occur along with seasonal changes in biomass supply.
Corresponding improvement is also carried out aiming at the problems, for example, Chinese patent application No. CN201210288164.X, the publication date is 11/21/2012, the patent discloses a biomass and coal fluidized bed co-gasification method, biomass and coal are crushed and mixed into a biomass coal mixture, the biomass coal mixture is added into a fluidized bed gasification outer cylinder and gasified under the action of a gasification agent, and gas generated by gasification reaction is discharged through a cyclone separator; meanwhile, the biomass coal mixed material is added into the combustion inner cylinder, the coal coke which is not gasified in the gasification outer cylinder and the entering compressed air are subjected to combustion reaction, then the coal coke rises along the gasification inner cylinder, the coal coke enters the inertial separator along with combustion airflow to be subjected to circulating gasification, the high-temperature flue gas and the biomass coal mixed material perform countercurrent heat exchange, the high-temperature flue gas and the biomass coal mixed material are discharged from the cyclone separator, and ash residues are discharged from the bottom. The disadvantages of the patent are that: the heat generated by co-gasification of biomass and coal cannot be timely and effectively recovered, the utilization rate of energy is not high, the co-gasification step is complicated, and the production efficiency is low.
Also like Chinese patent application No. CN201811277634.6, published as 2019, 1, 18, the patent discloses a coal and biomass mixed gas making system and a gas making method thereof, belonging to the field of gas making. The gas production system comprises a biomass reaction furnace with an upper pyrolysis zone and a lower coal gasification reaction zone, wherein a pyrolysis reaction pipe is arranged in the pyrolysis zone, the feed end of the pyrolysis reaction pipe is connected with a biomass bin, and the gas outlet end discharges pyrolysis gas through a pipeline and mixes the pyrolysis gas with coal gas. The defects of the patent are as follows: although the gas making efficiency can be effectively improved and slag is easy to collect when the biomass and the coal are respectively used for making gas, a large amount of tar products are generated when the biomass is independently gasified, and the subsequent treatment of pyrolysis gas generated by biomass gasification is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem that energy cannot be effectively utilized when biomass and coal are gasified together in the prior art, the invention provides a biomass and coal co-gasification system and a gasification method. According to the biomass and coal co-gasification system, the sensible heat recovery is performed on the high-temperature gasified coal gas through the waste heat recovery device to generate superheated steam, the superheated steam is used for generating electricity by the steam power generation device, and meanwhile, the steam power generation device provides steam for gasification reaction, so that the energy utilization rate is obviously improved; meanwhile, the gasification method using the system is simple and convenient to operate and high in safety performance.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The utility model provides a living beings and coal gasification system altogether, including raw coal feeder and living beings feeder, two feeders all are connected with the feed pipe, the feed pipe is connected with the fluidized bed gasifier, the fluidized bed gasifier is connected with dust collector, still be provided with waste heat recovery device between fluidized bed gasifier and the dust collector, waste heat recovery device is connected with steam power generation facility, the steam that generates among the waste heat recovery device is used for steam power generation facility electricity generation, and steam power generation facility provides steam for the gasification reaction of going on in the fluidized bed gasifier. The energy generated in the system can be timely and effectively recovered and utilized, and the energy utilization rate is obviously improved; the whole system has simple structure and low production cost.
Furthermore, the waste heat recovery device comprises a high-temperature preheater, a superheater, a waste heat recoverer and a steam pocket which are sequentially connected, the steam pocket is connected with a deaerator, the deaerator is used for deaerating desalted water, the high-temperature preheater is connected with the fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the superheater and the deaerator are equally divided into different steam power generation devices to be connected. The heat of the generated gasified coal gas is recycled step by step, so that the heat utilization of the gasified coal gas is maximized.
Furthermore, the waste heat recovery device also comprises an economizer, and the waste heat recoverer, the steam pocket and the deaerator are respectively connected with the economizer. The service life of the steam pocket is prolonged.
Furthermore, the fluidized bed gasification furnace comprises an upper dilute phase region and a lower dense phase region, wherein a secondary gasifying agent injection device is arranged in the upper dilute phase region and is connected with the steam power generation device; a feed pipe is connected to the lower dense phase zone. The gasification efficiency of the coal and the quality of the gasified coal gas are improved.
Furthermore, a cyclone separator is arranged between the fluidized bed gasification furnace and the waste heat recovery device. The cyclone separator realizes gas-solid separation on the gasified coal gas and provides cleaner gasified coal gas for the waste heat recovery device.
Furthermore, the included angle between the central line of the feeding pipe and the vertical direction is 60-75 degrees. The mixture can enter the fluidized bed gasification furnace in time, and material blockage in the feeding pipe is avoided.
Furthermore, the biomass feeding device comprises a biomass bin, the biomass bin is connected with a biomass conveying pipe, the biomass conveying pipe is connected with a feeding pipe, and compressed air is arranged in the biomass conveying pipe. The arrangement of the compressed air can prevent the gasified coal gas from flowing back to the biomass feeding device or the raw coal feeding device, and the operation safety is ensured.
Furthermore, the fluidized bed gasification furnace is also connected with a slag discharging device, the slag discharging device comprises a slag discharging pipe connected with an outlet at the bottom of the fluidized bed gasification furnace, and the slag discharging pipe is connected with a slag discharging machine. Slag in the fluidized bed gasification furnace is removed in time, and the gasification reaction is ensured to be smoothly carried out.
A gasification method of the biomass and coal co-gasification system as described in any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the coal and the biomass through a feeding pipe, and feeding the mixture into a fluidized bed gasification furnace for gasification reaction to generate gasified coal gas;
s2, the gasified gas passes through a waste heat recovery device and then enters a dust removal device for cooling and dust removal, and the clean gasified gas enters a subsequent process for use;
and S3, feeding the steam generated in the waste heat recovery device into a steam power generation device, generating power by the steam power generation device, and feeding the steam discharged by the steam power generation device into a fluidized bed gasification furnace to provide a gasification agent for gasification reaction. Simple operation and high safety performance.
Furthermore, the gasified coal gas in the step S2 includes the following steps in the dust removing device:
s21, removing particles to complete gas-solid separation in the gasified gas;
s22, cooling to finish cooling of the gasified coal gas;
and S23, washing with water to cool, and finishing further dust removal and cooling of the gasified gas. Ensures that the gasified coal gas is effectively purified in the dust removing device and provides high-quality gasified coal gas.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the biomass and the coal are mixed and then enter the fluidized bed gasification furnace, the biomass has strong reactivity, and the biomass reacts with oxygen quickly to release a large amount of heat, so that the coal preheating time is shortened, the coal gasification reaction time is increased equivalently, and the coal gasification conversion rate is improved; meanwhile, fly ash generated by biomass combustion and pyrolysis reaction is rich in K, Ca and other metal substances for promoting coal gasification reaction, and the metal substances are used as a natural catalyst, so that the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed gasification furnace is effectively reduced, and the cold gas efficiency of gasification is improved; meanwhile, the sensible heat recovery device recovers the sensible heat of the high-temperature gasified coal gas, the generated superheated steam is recovered and used for generating power by the steam power generation device, the energy utilization rate is obviously improved, the steam discharged by the steam power generation device provides a gasifying agent for the gasification reaction, the energy of the whole system is recycled, and the production cost is greatly reduced;
(2) according to the invention, the gasification gas generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace preheats the primary gasifying agent in the high-temperature preheater to a specified temperature by utilizing the high temperature of the gasification gas, so that the primary gasifying agent can conveniently enter the fluidized bed gasification furnace to participate in gasification reaction, and the primary gasifying agent is not required to be preheated by means of external force; the high-temperature gasified coal gas sequentially enters the superheater and the waste heat recoverer to exchange heat with the deoxygenated and desalted water in the deaerator to produce superheated steam, the superheated steam enters the steam power generation device to generate power, the whole waste heat recovery device can effectively collect the heat of the gasified coal gas, the heat of the gasified coal gas is recycled step by step, and the energy utilization rate is further improved;
(3) the waste heat recovery device is also provided with the coal economizer, and the coal economizer performs a heating function on deoxygenated and desalted water in the deoxygenator before the deoxygenated and desalted water enters the steam drum, so that the heat absorption of the deoxygenated and desalted water on a heating surface is reduced, and the coal economizer can be used for replacing part of evaporation heating surfaces with higher manufacturing cost; on the other hand, the temperature of the desalted water is increased, the temperature difference of the wall of the steam drum is reduced when the desalted water enters the steam drum, the thermal stress is correspondingly reduced, and the service life of the steam drum is prolonged; the economizer preheats the deoxidized and desalted water by utilizing the heat of the gasified gas, so that the maximum utilization of the waste heat of the gasified gas is realized;
(4) the coal and the biomass in the invention react in the dense phase zone at the lower part of the fluidized bed gasification furnace, the temperature of the co-gasification reaction of the biomass and the coal is as high as 800-950 ℃, and the generation of a large amount of tar products when the biomass is gasified alone is avoided; the content of S element in the biomass is low, and H in gasified gas2The content of S is low, and the subsequent treatment process of gasified gas is simple and environment-friendly; the upper dilute phase zone is provided with a secondary gasification agent injection device, and a secondary gasification agent in the secondary gasification agent injection device can chill gasified coal gas so as to reduce the heat load of a subsequent waste heat recovery device, reduce the cost investment of equipment materials and prolong the service life of the equipment; the addition of the secondary gasification agent properly increases the gasification temperature in the fluidized bed gasification furnace, and increases the coal adaptability of the fluidized bed gasification furnace;
(5) the cyclone separator is arranged between the fluidized bed gasification furnace and the waste heat recovery device, and the gasified coal gas generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace is separated from solid particles and gas through the cyclone separator, so that the purity of the gasified coal gas is ensured; the outlet of the solid particles at the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected with the bottom of the fluidized bed gasification furnace, so that the solid particles can continuously enter the fluidized bed gasification furnace for reaction, and the conversion rate and the comprehensive utilization of coal are improved;
(6) the biomass conveying pipe in the biomass feeding device conveys the biomass materials to the feeding pipe to be mixed, and simultaneously pushes the biomass and coal particles in the feeding pipe into the hearth of the fluidized bed gasification furnace under the action of air flow, so that the feeding pipe is prevented from being blocked, and the running stability of the gasification device is ensured; meanwhile, the compressed air in the biomass conveying pipe also plays a role in air sealing of the gasified gas generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace, so that the gasified gas in the fluidized bed gasification furnace is prevented from entering the raw coal feeding device and the biomass feeding device through back mixing of the feeding pipe, and safety accidents are caused;
(7) the gasification method adopting the biomass and coal co-gasification system is simple and convenient to operate, and the problems of poor stability, high tar yield and the like existing in the single gasification of biomass can be solved by mixing and gasifying the coal and the biomass; and the waste heat generated in the whole gasification process can be effectively recycled and utilized, the maximization of waste heat utilization is realized, and the cost is saved for enterprises while the energy utilization rate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a biomass bin; 2. a screw feeder; 3. a biomass conveying pipe; 4. a raw coal storage hopper; 5. a small coal hopper; 6. a coal feeder; 7. a feed pipe; 8. a fluidized bed gasifier; 8a, a secondary gasifying agent injection device; 8b, a slag discharging pipe; 9. a cyclone separator; 10. a high temperature preheater; 11. a superheater; 12. a steam turbine generator set; 13. a waste heat recoverer; 14. a steam drum; 15. a coal economizer; 16. a bag-type dust collector; 17. a bin pump; 18. a gas cooler; 19. washing the tower with water; 20. a slag discharging machine; 21. a deaerator.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a biomass and coal co-gasification system comprises a raw coal feeding device and a biomass feeding device, wherein both the raw coal feeding device and the biomass feeding device are connected with a feeding pipe 7, raw coal and biomass are mixed into a mixture in the feeding pipe 7, the feeding pipe 7 is connected with a fluidized bed gasification furnace 8, and the mixture is gasified in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 to generate high-temperature gasified coal gas; coal is used as a main component of the energy structure of China, and compared with biomass resources, the coal has the advantages of stable yield and supply, more regular particles and high energy density. Therefore, the biomass and coal co-gasification technology can well make up the defects of poor stability, irregular particles, low energy density, high tar yield in the gasification process and the like when the biomass is gasified alone; in addition, the biomass can also make up the disadvantages of coal in the aspects of resource reserves, greenhouse gas emission, reaction activity and the like, and K, Ca alkali metal/alkaline earth metal mineral substance in the biomass has higher content and can be used as a natural catalyst to participate in gasification reaction so as to improve the carbon conversion rate of coal gasification and reduce the gasification reaction temperature, thereby reducing energy consumption. The fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 is connected with the dust removal device, a waste heat recovery device is further arranged between the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 and the dust removal device, the waste heat recovery device is connected with the steam power generation device, steam generated in the waste heat recovery device is used for power generation of the steam power generation device, and the steam power generation device provides steam for gasification reaction in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8; in this embodiment, the steam power generation device is a steam turbine power generation unit 12, the steam turbine power generation unit 12 is connected with a waste heat recovery device, and steam generated by the waste heat recovery device is used as a power source of the steam turbine power generation unit 12, so that the steam turbine power generation unit 12 can generate power and then supply the power to equipment for use; meanwhile, the exhaust steam (the micro superheated steam of 0.1 MpaG) discharged by the steam turbine generator set 12 is used as one of the sources of gasifying agents for the gasification reaction of the coal and the biomass, so that the utilization maximization of the waste heat of the gasified coal gas is realized, and the utilization rate of energy is improved.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the waste heat recovery device comprises a high-temperature preheater 10, a superheater 11, a waste heat recoverer 13 and a steam drum 14 which are sequentially connected, wherein the steam drum 14 is connected with a deaerator 21, the deaerator 21 is used for deaerating desalted water, and the steam drum 14 is connected with the desalted water in the deaerator 21, so that circulating water can be supplied to the whole system, heat in gasified coal gas can be effectively recovered, steam is generated, and the capacity recovery utilization rate is improved; a cooling medium outlet and a water vapor inlet are arranged on the steam pocket 14, the cooling medium outlet is connected with a descending pipe orifice in the waste heat recoverer 13, the water vapor inlet is connected with an ascending pipe orifice of the waste heat recoverer 13, so that the gasified coal gas and the cooling water further exchange heat to generate steam, and the steam can be used as one of raw materials of a gasifying agent to carry out gasification reaction of coal and biomass; the inlet of the high-temperature preheater 10 is connected with a coal gas outlet in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8, coal and biomass react in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 under the action of a primary gasification agent, the temperature of the primary gasification agent is generally 600 ℃, the gasified coal gas generated by the gasification reaction enters the high-temperature preheater 10 through the coal gas outlet, and the primary gasification agent in the high-temperature preheater 10 can be preheated due to the high temperature heat of the gasified coal gas, the primary gasification agent is preheated to 600 ℃ and then enters the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 for reaction, and the primary gasification agent is preheated by means of the self heat of the gasified coal gas without depending on additional preheating auxiliary equipment, so that the equipment and the cost are saved; the superheater 11 and the deaerator 21 are respectively connected with a steam power generation device, when generated gasified coal gas sequentially enters the high-temperature preheater 10, the superheater 11 and the waste heat recoverer 13, the gasified coal gas can exchange heat with desalted water in the steam drum 14 to generate superheated steam, the superheated steam enters the steam turbine generator set 12 through the superheater 11 to provide steam for the steam turbine generator set 12 to generate power, a part of steam generated during power generation of the steam turbine generator set 12 enters the deaerator 21 to provide deaerated steam for the deaerator 21 to deaerate the desalted water; the other part of the gas is mixed with air or oxygen to be used as a primary gasification agent and enters the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 to promote the gasification reaction of coal and biomass, so that the maximum utilization of the heat of the gasified gas is realized; the whole waste heat recovery device can effectively collect the heat of the gasified coal gas, and gradually recovers and utilizes the heat of the gasified coal gas, so that the energy utilization rate is further improved.
The gasification method adopting the biomass and coal co-gasification system comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the coal and the biomass through a feeding pipe 7, and feeding the mixture into a fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 for gasification reaction to generate gasified coal gas; specifically, the coal is crushed to be less than 10mm, the biomass is crushed to be less than 6mm, the coal and the biomass are mixed in a feeding pipe 7 to form a mixture, and the mixture generates high-temperature gasified coal gas under the action of a primary gasifying agent in a fluidized bed gasification furnace 8;
s2, the gasified gas passes through a waste heat recovery device and then enters a dust removal device for cooling and dust removal, and the clean gasified gas enters a subsequent process for use; specifically, the gasified coal gas enters the following operation in a dust removal device:
s21, removing particles to complete gas-solid separation in the gasified gas;
s22, cooling to finish cooling of the gasified coal gas;
and S23, washing with water to cool, and finishing further dust removal and cooling of the gasified gas.
In this embodiment, the dust removing device includes a bag-type dust remover 16, a bin pump 17 is disposed at the bottom of the bag-type dust remover 16, the bag-type dust remover 16 is connected to a gas cooler 18, the gas cooler 18 is connected to a water washing tower 19, the bin pump 17 is used for discharging fly ash in the bag-type dust remover 16, and the bag-type dust remover 16 performs a particle removal step S21 on gasified gas; the gas cooler 18 cools the gasified gas to 50 ℃ to finish the step S22, wherein the gas cooler 18 is also a container for preheating desalted water, the desalted water passes through the gas cooler 18 and then enters the deaerator 21 for deoxidation, and the energy for preheating the desalted water by the gas cooler 18 comes from the heat of the gasified gas, so that external preheating equipment or energy is not needed, the energy in the system is recycled, and the maximum energy utilization is achieved; the water washing tower 19 further cools and removes dust by washing the low-temperature gasified gas from the gas cooler 18 with water to complete step S23; effectively ensures the purity and quality of the clean gasified gas and is convenient for the operation and treatment of the following working procedures.
And S3, feeding the steam generated in the waste heat recovery device into a steam power generation device, generating power by the steam power generation device, and feeding the steam discharged by the steam power generation device into the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 to provide a gasification agent for gasification reaction. Specifically, high-temperature gasified coal gas sequentially enters the superheater 11 and the waste heat recoverer 13, exchanges heat with deoxygenated desalted water to produce superheated steam with the temperature of 500 ℃ and the pressure of 4.0MPa, the superheated steam enters the steam turbine generator set 12 to generate electricity, and meanwhile the steam turbine generator set 12 provides steam for the deaerator 21 and the fluidized bed gasifier 8.
The gasification method can make up the problems of poor stability, high tar yield and the like existing in the single gasification of the biomass by mixing and gasifying the coal and the biomass; the temperature of the whole coal and biomass co-gasification reaction reaches 800-950 ℃, the content of S element in the biomass is low, and H element in the gasified gas2The content of S is low, and the subsequent treatment process of gasified gas is simple and environment-friendly; and the waste heat that whole gasification process produced can obtain effective recovery and utilization, realizes the maximize of waste heat utilization, for the cost-effective of enterprise when improving energy utilization, simultaneously easy and simple to handle, the security performance is high.
Example 2
Basically the same as the embodiment 1, in the embodiment, the waste heat recovery device further comprises an economizer 15, the waste heat recoverer 13, the steam drum 14 and the deaerator 21 are respectively connected with the economizer 15, and on one hand, the arrangement of the economizer 15 performs a heating function before deaerated desalted water in the deaerator 21 enters the steam drum 14, so that the heat absorption of the deaerated desalted water on a heating surface is reduced, and the economizer 15 can be used for replacing part of evaporation heating surfaces with higher manufacturing cost; on the other hand, when the temperature of the desalted water is increased and enters the steam drum 14, the wall temperature difference of the steam drum 14 is reduced, the thermal stress is correspondingly reduced, and the service life of the steam drum 14 is prolonged; and the economizer 15 preheats the deoxidized and desalted water by utilizing the heat of the gasified gas, so that the maximum utilization of the waste heat of the gasified gas is realized.
Example 3
Basically the same as embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 includes an upper dilute phase region and a lower dense phase region, a secondary gasifying agent injection device 8a is arranged in the upper dilute phase region, the secondary gasifying agent injection device 8a is connected with the steam power generation device, the secondary gasifying agent in the secondary gasifying agent injection device 8a and the high-temperature gasified coal gas generated by the gasification reaction continue to perform a reduction reaction, so as to improve the gasification efficiency of coal and the quality of the gasified coal gas, and simultaneously perform a chilling action on the high-temperature gasified coal gas to reduce the heat load of the subsequent high-temperature preheater 10, and reduce the cost input of equipment materials, thereby providing the service life of equipment; in the implementation, the secondary gasifying agent injection device 8a is a steam nozzle, the number of the steam nozzles is not less than six, a plurality of the steam nozzles are circumferentially distributed in the upper dilute phase zone, the plurality of the steam nozzles are arranged at equal intervals, and the injection angle and the radial deflection are 10 degrees, so that the uniformity of secondary gasifying agent injection is ensured, and the steam nozzles are not blocked; the secondary gasification agent is steam generated by the steam turbine generator set 12, raw material supply is realized in the system, and the system is self-produced and self-sold, so that the system has higher economic benefit; the feeding pipe 7 is connected with the lower dense-phase area, and the mixture reacts in the lower dense-phase area, so that the generated gasified coal gas is in contact with the secondary gasifying agent injection device 8a for sufficient reaction.
Furthermore, a cyclone separator 9 is arranged between the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 and the waste heat recovery device, specifically, a coal gas outlet of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 is connected with a coal gas inlet of the cyclone separator 9, a carbon-containing particle outlet at the bottom of the cyclone separator 9 is connected with the bottom of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8, a coal gas outlet of the cyclone separator 9 is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature preheater 10, the gasified coal gas generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 is separated into solid particles and gas through the cyclone separator 9, and the cleaner gasified coal gas is ensured to enter the waste heat recovery device; and the outlet of the carbon-containing solid particles at the bottom of the cyclone separator 9 is connected with the bottom of the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8, so that the carbon-containing solid particles continuously enter a lower dense-phase region in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 to react, the conversion rate of coal is improved, and the comprehensive utilization of the coal is realized.
Example 4
Basically the same as embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the raw coal feeding device includes a raw coal storage hopper 4, a small coal hopper 5 and a coal feeder 6 which are connected in sequence, raw coal enters a feeding pipe 7 through the coal feeder 6, so that the raw coal feeding device has a simple overall structure and good sealing performance, and leakage during the raw coal conveying process is effectively avoided; the biomass feeding device comprises a biomass bin 1, the biomass bin 1 is connected with a biomass conveying pipe 3 through a screw feeder 2, the biomass conveying pipe 3 is connected with a feeding pipe 7, preferably, an included angle formed by connecting the biomass conveying pipe 3 and the feeding pipe 7 is smaller than 30 degrees, pneumatic conveying is facilitated, and conveying resistance is reduced; compressed air is arranged in the biomass conveying pipe 3, biomass is conveyed into the feeding pipe 7 from the biomass conveying pipe 3 in a pneumatic conveying mode, and feeding is stable and uniform; in the implementation, the included angle between the central line of the feeding pipe 7 and the vertical direction is 60-75 degrees, and if the included angle is too large, the mixture in the feeding pipe 7 cannot be effectively conveyed into the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8; the small angle may collide the opposite side wall surface of the hearth to cause certain damage to the hearth; that is, the feeding pipe 7 and the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 are obliquely arranged, so that biomass and coal particles in the feeding pipe 7 enter a lower dense-phase region in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 under the double pushing of gravity and compressed air, the mixture can conveniently enter the furnace completely, and the feeding pipe 7 is prevented from being blocked; meanwhile, the compressed air in the biomass conveying pipe 3 also plays a role in air sealing of gasified coal gas generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8, so that the gasified coal gas in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 is prevented from entering the raw coal feeding device and the biomass feeding device through the feed pipe 7 in a back mixing mode, safety accidents are caused, and the running stability and safety of the whole system are guaranteed.
Simultaneously in this embodiment, fluidized bed gasifier 8 still is connected with the slag discharging device, the slag discharging device include with fluidized bed gasifier 8 bottom exit linkage's lower slag pipe 8b, lower slag pipe 8b is connected with mucking machine 20, and the waste residue that gasification reaction generated in fluidized bed gasifier 8 discharges to mucking machine 20 in through lower slag pipe 8b, and mucking machine 20 sends out the waste residue. The slag discharging device is arranged to discharge solid slag generated by the reaction in the fluidized bed gasification furnace 8 in time, so that the gasification reaction is ensured to be smoothly carried out.
The examples described herein are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a living beings and coal gasification system altogether, includes raw coal feeder and living beings feeder, and two feeders all are connected with feed pipe (7), and feed pipe (7) are connected with fluidized bed gasifier (8), and fluidized bed gasifier (8) are connected its characterized in that with dust collector: a waste heat recovery device is further arranged between the fluidized bed gasification furnace (8) and the dust removal device and connected with a steam power generation device, steam generated in the waste heat recovery device is used for power generation of the steam power generation device, and the steam power generation device provides steam for gasification reaction in the fluidized bed gasification furnace (8).
2. The system for co-gasification of biomass and coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waste heat recovery device comprises a high-temperature preheater (10), a superheater (11), a waste heat recoverer (13) and a steam pocket (14) which are sequentially connected, wherein the steam pocket (14) is connected with a deaerator (21), the deaerator (21) is used for deoxidizing desalted water, the high-temperature preheater (10) is connected with a fluidized bed gasification furnace (8), and the superheater (11) and the deaerator (21) are equally divided into different steam power generation devices to be connected.
3. The system for co-gasification of biomass and coal as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the waste heat recovery device also comprises an economizer (15), and the waste heat recoverer (13), the steam pocket (14) and the deaerator (21) are respectively connected with the economizer (15).
4. A biomass and coal co-gasification system as claimed in claim 1 or 3 wherein: the fluidized bed gasification furnace (8) comprises an upper dilute phase zone and a lower dense phase zone, wherein a secondary gasification agent injection device (8a) is arranged in the upper dilute phase zone, and the secondary gasification agent injection device (8a) is connected with a steam power generation device; a feed pipe (7) is connected to the lower dense-phase zone.
5. The system for co-gasification of biomass and coal as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a cyclone separator (9) is arranged between the fluidized bed gasification furnace (8) and the waste heat recovery device.
6. The system for co-gasification of biomass and coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the central line of the feeding pipe (7) and the vertical direction is 60-75 degrees.
7. The system for co-gasification of biomass and coal as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the biomass feeding device comprises a biomass bin (1), the biomass bin (1) is connected with a biomass conveying pipe (3), the biomass conveying pipe (3) is connected with a feeding pipe (7), and compressed air is arranged in the biomass conveying pipe (3).
8. The system for co-gasification of biomass and coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein: fluidized bed gasifier (8) still are connected with the slag discharging device, the slag discharging device include with fluidized bed gasifier (8) bottom exit linkage lower slag pipe (8b), lower slag pipe (8b) are connected with mucking machine (20).
9. A gasification method of the biomass and coal co-gasification system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the coal and the biomass through a feeding pipe (7), and feeding the mixture into a fluidized bed gasification furnace (8) for gasification reaction to generate gasified coal gas;
s2, the gasified gas passes through a waste heat recovery device and then enters a dust removal device for cooling and dust removal, and the clean gasified gas enters a subsequent process for use;
and S3, the steam generated in the waste heat recovery device enters a steam power generation device, the steam power generation device generates power, and the steam discharged by the steam power generation device enters a fluidized bed gasification furnace (8) to provide a gasification agent for gasification reaction.
10. The gasification method of the biomass and coal co-gasification system according to claim 9, wherein: the gasified coal gas in the step S2 comprises the following steps in the dust removing device:
s21, removing particles to complete gas-solid separation in the gasified gas;
s22, cooling to finish cooling of the gasified coal gas;
and S23, washing with water to cool, and finishing further dust removal and cooling of the gasified gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010579950.XA CN111676065A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Biomass and coal co-gasification system and gasification method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010579950.XA CN111676065A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Biomass and coal co-gasification system and gasification method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111676065A true CN111676065A (en) | 2020-09-18 |
Family
ID=72456268
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010579950.XA Pending CN111676065A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Biomass and coal co-gasification system and gasification method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111676065A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112126470A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2020-12-25 | 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 | TFB gasification furnace with double-stage sealed feeding |
-
2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010579950.XA patent/CN111676065A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112126470A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2020-12-25 | 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司 | TFB gasification furnace with double-stage sealed feeding |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10208948B2 (en) | Solid fuel grade gasification-combustion dual bed poly-generation system and method thereof | |
| CN100577775C (en) | Coal gasification device of circulating fluidized bed and method for generating coal gas by using coal gasification device | |
| CN101108986B (en) | Gray melting poly-fluid bed powder coal gasification method | |
| CN107418634B (en) | Multistage cooling and dedusting process and device for circulating fluidized bed coal gasification | |
| EP2799520A1 (en) | Biomass gasification island process under high temperature and atmospheric pressure | |
| CN111763535B (en) | Method and device for preparing fuel gas or synthesis gas by biomass fluidized bed gasification | |
| CN109777521B (en) | Coal gasification system and gasification process | |
| CN201046952Y (en) | Coal gasification device of circulating fluidized bed | |
| CN111676065A (en) | Biomass and coal co-gasification system and gasification method | |
| CN211199137U (en) | Circulating fluidized bed pulverized coal pyrolysis-gasification device | |
| CN105441131B (en) | A kind of method of coal gasification lime-ash oxidation and decarbonization ash content coproduction steam | |
| CN212404037U (en) | Biomass and coal co-gasification system | |
| CN113462434B (en) | Gasification method and system with fly ash regasification function | |
| CN107916140B (en) | Circulating fluidized bed-entrained flow combined gasification method and device | |
| CN210287240U (en) | Combined bed coal gasification system | |
| CN112646609A (en) | Device and method for producing hydrogen by gasifying biomass | |
| CN1279311C (en) | Multi-nozzle spraying fluidized bed gasifier | |
| CN110016366B (en) | Domestic waste gasification methanation power generation system | |
| CN221235547U (en) | Pressurized coal gasification extreme energy efficiency utilization system | |
| CN212425969U (en) | Double-bed coal gasification system | |
| CN212025270U (en) | Coal gasification treatment device for three wastes | |
| CN215049962U (en) | Device for producing hydrogen by gasifying biomass | |
| CN215209270U (en) | Biomass pressurized fluidized bed gasification and cyclone cracking composite gasification system | |
| CN219385072U (en) | High-efficient gasification system that utilizes of carbon-containing flying ash | |
| CN219117379U (en) | Clean dry powder gasification system of living beings waste residue |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |