CN212397296U

CN212397296U - Spiral conveying walnut feeding and grading device and shell and kernel separating system

Info

Publication number: CN212397296U
Application number: CN202021437088.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘笑帆; 张仲敏; 李丽; 李祖锐; 韩鑫
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2020-07-18
Filing date: 2020-07-18
Publication date: 2021-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spiral delivery's walnut pay-off grading plant and shell benevolence piece-rate system, including walnut spiral delivery mechanism, ring bars grading plant, walnut shelled device, tertiary shell benevolence piece-rate system. The spiral conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the V-shaped feeding hopper and penetrates through the V-shaped feeding hopper and the circular grid grading device, and the posture of walnuts is adjusted by the spiral conveying mechanism when the walnuts are conveyed, so that the circular grid grading device can be used for grading accurately; after the circular grid grading device grades the walnuts, the walnut posture is also adjusted to prepare before shell breaking; each stage of shell and kernel separating device of the three-stage shell and kernel separating system correspondingly separates walnut shells and kernels with different degrees and sizes; the walnut shell and kernel separating device can realize the classification of walnuts with different sizes, has a simple classification structure, is matched with a walnut shell breaking device on a shell and kernel separating system, and has a good separating effect when three stages of shell and kernel separating devices correspondingly separate walnut shells and kernels with different sizes.

Description

Spiral conveying walnut feeding and grading device and shell and kernel separating system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural product processing machinery technical field especially relates to a processing after treatment equipment who realizes walnut spiral pay-off hierarchical and shell benevolence separation function.

Background

At present, most of walnuts sold on the market are sold with shells, firstly, the walnut with shells is easy to decay, and secondly, the hulled walnut kernels can be processed into commodities with higher value, so that the post-processing equipment related to the deep processing of the walnuts can be produced at the right moment.

The existing walnut processing post-treatment equipment in China mostly applies different shell breaking principles to realize the shell breaking function, and meanwhile, the existing walnut processing post-treatment equipment has the defects of single shell breaking function, low shell and kernel separation ratio after walnut shell breaking and the like. Due to the difference of the sizes of the walnuts, in order to realize a relatively ideal shell breaking effect, the walnuts need to be classified in advance according to the sizes of the walnuts and then enter the shell breaking device. Although some grading devices appear in the research and development field of walnut after-treatment equipment, the device with good grading effect is generally huge in size, and on the other hand, the existing equipment has few functions of shell and kernel separation or weak functions of shell and kernel separation, so that the novel walnut after-treatment equipment for deep processing is invented to realize accurate grading of different sizes of walnuts, the separation ratio of the shells and the kernels can achieve a more ideal effect, and the device has very important significance for promoting the development of the walnut deep processing industry.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a spiral delivery's walnut pay-off grading plant and shell benevolence piece-rate system are provided, solve to have among the walnut deep-processing aftertreatment that the hierarchical precision of walnut is low, the unsatisfactory problem of shell benevolence separation ratio effect.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model provides a spiral conveying's walnut pay-off grading plant and shell benevolence piece-rate system, including walnut spiral conveying device, ring bars grading plant, tertiary shell benevolence piece-rate system.

The walnut spiral conveying device is composed of a V-shaped feeding hopper and a spiral conveying mechanism.

The V-shaped feeding hopper is arranged on the upper layer of the rack, one side of the bottom of a baffle plate of the V-shaped feeding hopper, which is vertical to the horizontal plane of the rack, is connected with a bearing seat, and the other side of the bottom of the baffle plate is connected with the circular grid grading mechanism.

A baffle plate at one side of the V-shaped feeding hopper connected with the circular grid grading mechanism is provided with a feeding hole with the diameter consistent with that of the spiral conveying blade; meanwhile, the baffle at the bottom of the V-shaped feeding hopper has a certain arc angle, and the angle is adjusted according to the diameter of the spiral conveying blade.

The spiral conveying mechanism comprises a spiral conveying blade and a main shaft, and the spiral conveying blade is arranged on the main shaft and comprises a plurality of rotating blades; when the spiral conveying blades convey walnuts, the postures of the walnuts can be adjusted in rolling, and grading of corresponding sizes is completed through the circular ring grid grading device; two ends of the main shaft are arranged on two bearings fixed on the frame, and power is provided for the spiral conveying mechanism through a motor and a belt transmission system arranged on the frame.

The spiral conveying blade is positioned at the bottom of the V-shaped feeding hopper and penetrates through the V-shaped feeding hopper and the circular grid grading mechanism.

The circular grid grading device consists of a circular grid grading mechanism and a storage hopper before shell breaking; the left side of the circular grid grading mechanism is fixedly connected with a baffle plate with a discharge hole, which is arranged on a V-shaped feeding hopper through welding, the right side of the circular grid grading mechanism is fixedly connected with a rack supporting plate, and a spiral conveying mechanism penetrates through the inside of the circular grid grading mechanism.

The ring grid grading mechanism is provided with a plurality of rings with different intervals, and the interval L between the rings is adjusted from large to small from one side connected with the V-shaped feed hopper according to the size of the edge diameter of the walnut.

And a storage hopper before shell breaking is arranged below the circular grid grading mechanism, and circular rings with the same diameter as the outer ring of the circular grid are welded and fixed at two ends of the storage hopper before shell breaking and are fixed on two circular rings at the tail end of the circular grid.

The interiors of the storage hoppers before shell breaking are separated by baffles, so that the walnuts classified by the circular ring grids fall into the corresponding storage hoppers before shell breaking, and the distances C between the baffles of the storage hoppers before shell breaking are slightly larger than the edge diameter of the walnuts at the stage and smaller than the transverse diameter and the longitudinal diameter; the two side baffles of the storage hopper positioned below the circular grid before shell breaking have certain inclination angles and are arranged in a V shape; during the falling process of the walnuts, the walnuts roll to adjust the posture, and are finally fixed in the groove at the lowest part of the front storage hopper at the angle of the arris diameter vertical to the horizontal plane of the rack; meanwhile, the bottom of the baffle with two inclined surfaces is provided with a round hole with the diameter consistent with that of the pneumatic impact hammer, so that the pneumatic impact hammer can collide conveniently.

The three-stage shell and kernel separating system comprises a first-stage inclined plate screen leaking shell and kernel separating device, a second-stage eccentric wheel screen shaking shell and kernel separating device and a third-stage wind power kernel separating device, wherein each stage of shell and kernel separating device correspondingly separates walnut shells and kernels with different degrees.

The three-stage shell and kernel separation system is arranged on the rack, is integrally positioned below the walnut shell breaking device, and has the following relationship from top to bottom: a first-stage inclined plate screen leaking shell and kernel separating mechanism, a second-stage eccentric wheel shaking screen plate shell and kernel separating mechanism and a third-stage wind power kernel separating device.

The one-level swash plate leaks sieve shell benevolence separator includes a one-level and leaks the sieve, the one-level leaks the sieve and personally submits alpha (alpha =20 ~ 30 °) contained angle with the frame level, there is densely distributed's little round hole on the board, the round hole diameter is phi 5mm ~ phi 15mm, the long size both ends of one-level leaks the sieve have two right triangle-shaped baffles, be provided with an area under the board and collect the board with its the same and parallel shell that gives up, the one-level leaks the sieve and is close to centrifugal impeller one side below and connect a baffle that has certain circular arc angle, baffle circular arc size is according to setting up the centrifugal impeller diameter adjustment on the baffle, right triangle-shaped baffle below is provided with one or two one-.

The second-stage eccentric wheel shaking sieve plate shell and kernel separating device comprises a centrifugal impeller arranged on an arc baffle of the first-stage inclined plate leaking sieve plate shell and kernel separating mechanism and is used for conveying walnut shells and kernels screened by the first-stage inclined plate leaking sieve plate shell and kernel separating mechanism to the second-stage eccentric wheel shaking sieve plate shell and kernel separating mechanism; the centrifugal impeller is driven by a motor arranged on the frame.

The centrifugal impeller below is a second grade and leaks the sieve, and the second grade is leaked the sieve and is formed certain difference in height H with centrifugal impeller, and regular distribution is the mesh of "button head parallel key" shape on the board for filter great walnut shell benevolence, and the second grade is leaked the sieve short dimension right side end connection second grade and is abandoned the shell discharge port, and the sieve long dimension Q is leaked to the second grade can suitably increase according to the screening effect, is by motor drive's a pair of eccentric wheel below the board simultaneously, leaks the sieve for the second grade and provides the slight shake of high frequency.

A rectangular kernel collecting plate is arranged below the eccentric wheel, the rectangular kernel collecting plate and the horizontal surface of the frame form an included angle of beta (beta = 10-20 degrees), and the short right end of the rectangular kernel collecting plate is connected with a triangular shell kernel discharging port.

The long size both sides of sieve, nucleolus collecting plate are leaked to second grade wholly have with frame horizontal plane vertically "L" type baffle, with two "L" type baffle simultaneous vertically one side, and lie in centrifugal impeller one side and have a side shield in addition, and on the side shield was fixed in the frame, sieve, nucleolus collecting plate were leaked to the second grade all set up on two "L" type baffles.

The three-level wind power kernel separation device comprises a fan and a shutter shell and kernel separation structure; the fan is positioned below a triangular shell and kernel discharge port of a second-stage eccentric wheel shaking sieve plate shell and kernel separating device, the shutter shell and kernel separating structure is arranged right in front of an air outlet of the fan and comprises a shutter shell and kernel separating inclined plate and baffle plates on two sides, the shutter shell and kernel separating inclined plate and a frame are horizontally arranged to form a gamma (gamma = 45-60 degrees) included angle, the distance E between the upper plate of the shutter shell and kernel separating inclined plate and the plate is smaller than the size of walnut kernels, the walnut kernels are heavier than the shell, the heavier walnut kernels slide to the bottom end along the shutter shell and kernel separating inclined plate under proper wind power and are collected, the lighter shells are blown out from a third-stage waste shell discharge port along gaps on the shutter shell and kernel separating plate, and the shell and kernel separating effect is achieved.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses a spiral delivery blade and the hierarchical mechanism that combines together of ring grid, the structure is exquisite, and hierarchical precision is high.

The baffles on two sides of the storage hopper before shell breaking are provided with certain inclination angles, and the interiors of the storage hopper are isolated by the baffles, so that walnuts after grading cannot interfere with each other; the distance C between the baffle plates of the storage hopper before shell breaking is slightly larger than the edge diameter of the walnut at the stage and smaller than the transverse diameter and the longitudinal diameter, so that the posture of the walnut is easy to adjust in the falling process, and the shell breaking device is favorable for shell breaking.

The utility model discloses an one-level swash plate leaks and sieves the upper surface and be provided with intensive little round hole, can separate the walnut shell in small, broken bits after the broken shell in a large number.

The utility model discloses a quick rotation centrifugal impeller throw into second grade eccentric wheel shake sieve to the shell benevolence of mixing to the difference in height H who utilizes centrifugal impeller and second grade eccentric wheel shake sieve makes the sticky shell benevolence together further not hard up, separate.

The utility model discloses a set up the mesh of "button head parallel key" shape on second grade eccentric wheel shake sieve, and the width of mesh will be less than the transverse diameter and the arris footpath of the walnut of screening, combine eccentric wheel shake sieve high frequency slight vibration, can be better separate out the big shell of walnut.

The utility model discloses in tertiary wind-force nucleolus separator, adopt "shutter" shell benevolence separation swash plate and fan to cooperate, make ultimate shell benevolence separate more thoroughly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the whole machine of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the screw conveying mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the ring grid classifying device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the shell breaking device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the primary inclined plate screen shell and kernel separating device of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the first-stage inclined plate screen shell and kernel separating device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of each device of the three-stage shell-kernel separation system of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a sectional view of the three-stage shell-core separating system of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a V-shaped feeding hopper 2, a main shaft end bearing seat I3, a three-phase asynchronous motor II 4, a driven wheel I5, a frame 6, a driven wheel II 7, a driven wheel III 8, a spiral conveying mechanism 9, a speed reducer I10, a three-phase asynchronous motor I11, a driving wheel bearing seat I12, a driving wheel 13, a driving wheel bearing seat II 14, a main shaft end bearing seat II 15, a circular grid grading device 16, a walnut shell breaking device 17, a first-stage inclined plate screen shell and kernel separating device 18, a second-stage eccentric wheel shaking screen shell and kernel separating device 19, a left end coupling 20, a right end coupling 21, a left end bearing seat 22, a right end bearing seat 23, a speed reducer II 24, a driven wheel IV 25, a third-stage wind power kernel separating device 81, a main shaft 82, a spiral conveying blade 151, a circular grid grading mechanism 152, a plate 153, a V-shaped baffle 154, a circular hole 161, a pneumatic The device comprises a primary screen plate 173, a right-angled triangle baffle 174, a primary waste shell discharge port 175, a waste shell collecting plate 181, a centrifugal impeller 182, a centrifugal impeller main shaft 183, a secondary screen plate 184, a rectangular core collecting plate 185, an eccentric wheel 186, a secondary waste shell discharge port 187, a triangular shell core discharge port 251, a shutter shell core separation inclined plate 252, a side baffle 253, a fan 254 and a tertiary waste shell discharge port.

Detailed Description

The following further description of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, and it is noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "vertical", "parallel", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific manner, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "primary," "secondary," "tertiary," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an isometric view and a front view of this embodiment, a spiral-feed walnut classification device and the components of a shell and kernel separation system are shown. Comprises a frame 5, a motor and belt transmission system, a walnut spiral conveying device, a circular ring grid grading device 15, a walnut shell breaking device 16 and a three-stage shell and kernel separation system.

In this embodiment, the motor and belt transmission system includes two three-phase asynchronous motors, two driving wheels, four driven wheels, two speed reducers, a plurality of bearing seats and a coupling. Wherein the three-phase asynchronous motor I10, the three-phase asynchronous motor II 3, the speed reducer I9 and the speed reducer II 23 are all fixed on the frame 5 by bolts. The left end shaft coupling 19 and the right-hand member shaft coupling 20 are connected respectively at reduction gear I9 both ends, realize speed regulation, and reduction gear II 23 both ends set up the same with reduction gear I9. Two ends of a driven wheel III 7 are respectively connected with a left end bearing seat 21 and a right end bearing seat 22, and two ends of a driven wheel I4, a driven wheel II 6 and a driven wheel IV 24 are arranged the same as the driven wheel III 7. The left side of the driving wheel 12 is connected with a driving wheel bearing seat II 13, and the right side of the driving wheel 12 is connected with a driving wheel bearing seat I11. Furthermore, the driving wheel and the driven wheel can be V belt wheels, so that overload protection of transmission is realized.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the walnut spiral conveying device comprises a V-shaped hopper 1 and a spiral conveying mechanism 8.

In this embodiment, the V-shaped hopper 1 is disposed on the upper layer of the frame 5, the inclined side baffle of the V-shaped hopper is welded or bolted to the support plate of the frame 5, the left side of the baffle perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the frame 5 is connected to the main shaft bearing seat i 2, the right side of the baffle is connected to the ring grid classifier 15, and the bottom of the baffle penetrates through the spiral conveying mechanism 8. The bearing blocks such as the main shaft bearing block I2 and the main shaft bearing block II 14 are fixed on the rack through bolts, and the spiral conveying mechanism 8 is supported and positioned through bearings arranged in the main shaft bearing blocks I2 and the main shaft bearing blocks II 14 at the two ends. The spiral conveying mechanism 8 is composed of a main shaft 81 and spiral conveying blades 82, the spiral conveying blades 82 are fixed on the main shaft 81 in a welding mode, the spiral conveying blades 82 comprise a plurality of rotating blades, furthermore, the lead P between the blades is determined by storing 2-3 walnuts, and when the spiral conveying blades 82 are in operation, the walnuts can adjust postures in rolling, so that grading of circular ring grids is facilitated.

In one embodiment, the three-phase asynchronous motor i 10 is used as a power source, is in transmission fit with the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel iii 7, and is adjusted to a proper rotating speed through the speed reducer i 9 to drive the screw conveying mechanism 8 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, the ring grid grading device 15 is composed of a ring grid grading mechanism 151 and a storage hopper before shell breaking.

In this embodiment, ring bars grader 151 left side is opened the baffle that has the discharge opening through welding and V type hopper 1 and is connected fixedly, and the right side is connected fixedly with the backup pad on the frame 5, and its inside spiral delivery mechanism 8 that runs through, and further, ring bars grader 151 adopts 304 stainless steel hollow tube welding to form, and each welding point needs to polish to smooth to guarantee that hierarchical precision and walnut are not blocked in transportation process. Meanwhile, the ring grid grading mechanism 151 is provided with a plurality of rings with different intervals, and further, the intervals L between the rings are adjusted from large to small from one side connected with the V-shaped feed hopper 1 according to the sizes of the walnut edges.

A storage hopper before shell breaking is arranged below the circular grid grading mechanism 151, and circular rings with the same diameter as the outer ring of the circular grid are arranged at two ends of the storage hopper before shell breaking and are fixed on two circular rings at the tail end of the circular grid through welding. The inner parts of the storage hoppers before shell breaking are separated by the baffles 152, the walnut classified by the circular ring grids falls into the storage hopper before shell breaking corresponding to the storage hopper, the distance C between the baffles 152 of the storage hopper before shell breaking is slightly larger than the edge diameter of the walnut at the stage and is smaller than the transverse diameter and the longitudinal diameter, the V-shaped baffles 153 on the two sides of the storage hopper below the circular ring grids have a certain inclination angle, and further, the V-shaped baffles 153 are gradually closed from top to bottom to form a V-shaped layout, so that the walnut rolls and adjusts the posture in the falling process, and the shell breaking of the walnut shell breaking device is facilitated. Meanwhile, the bottom of the V-shaped baffle 153 is provided with a round hole 154 with the diameter consistent with that of the pneumatic impact hammer, so that the pneumatic impact hammer 161 can collide with the round hole conveniently.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the walnut shell breaking device 16 is composed of a pneumatic impact hammer 161 and a friction roller 162.

In this embodiment, the walnut shell breaking device 16 is located below the circular ring grid grading device 15, and the pneumatic impact hammer 161 thereof is fixed with the support plate on the frame 5 through bolts. Specifically, the walnut shell breaking device 16 comprises 5 pairs of pneumatic impact hammers 161 and a pair of friction rollers 162 rotating at the same direction and at the same speed, wherein the pneumatic impact hammers 161 are symmetrically distributed and are positioned below the pre-shell breaking storage hopper 151, and when the walnut is finally fixed in posture in the pre-shell breaking storage hopper 151, the pneumatic impact hammers can strike on the transverse diameter of the walnut, so that the shell breaking is completed.

A pair of friction rollers 162 rotating at a low speed in the same direction are arranged below the pneumatic impact hammer 161, and further, cross-shaped lines for increasing friction are arranged on the surfaces of the friction rollers 162 to prevent walnuts from jumping; alternatively, the friction roller 162 may be one rotating and one stationary, creating a differential rotation. The distance M between the double friction rollers 162 is arranged in a non-parallel way on the horizontal plane of the rack 5, a certain angle is formed so as to adapt to walnuts with different sizes, and the distance M between the double friction rollers 162 on the horizontal plane of the rack 5 is slightly smaller than the size of the walnuts; when the pneumatic impact hammer 161 works, the walnut supporting and positioning device plays a role in supporting and positioning walnuts, and meanwhile, the pneumatic impact hammer 161 is used for secondarily extruding the walnuts with incomplete shells.

In one embodiment, the three-phase asynchronous motor i 10 is used as a power source to be in belt transmission fit with the driving wheel 12 and the driven wheel iv 24, and after being adjusted to a proper rotation speed by the speed reducer ii 23, the three-phase asynchronous motor drives the friction roller 162 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 2, 6, 7 and 8, the first-stage inclined plate screen shell and kernel separating device 17 is arranged below the walnut shell breaking device 16.

In this embodiment, the primary inclined plate sieve shell and kernel separator 17 includes a primary sieve plate 172, which forms an included angle α with the horizontal plane of the frame 5, specifically, α = (20 ° -30 °). The first-level sieve plate 172 is provided with densely distributed small round holes for screening the finely-divided walnut shells, and the diameter of the round holes is 5 mm-15 mm. Two right-angled triangle baffles 173 are arranged at two long ends of the first-stage sieve plate 172 to prevent the cracked walnuts from splashing. A waste shell collecting plate 175 which has the same area as the waste shell collecting plate and is parallel to the waste shell collecting plate is arranged below the first-stage screen leaking plate 172, one side of the short dimension of the first-stage screen leaking plate 172, which is close to the centrifugal impeller 182, is connected with an arc baffle 171, the size of the arc of the baffle is adjusted according to the diameter 182 of the centrifugal impeller arranged on the baffle, and furthermore, a first-stage waste shell discharging port 174 is arranged below the right-angled triangular baffle 173.

As shown in fig. 2, fig. 8 and fig. 9, the second-stage eccentric shaking screen plate shell and kernel separating device 18 is composed of a centrifugal impeller 181, a centrifugal impeller main shaft 182, a second-stage screen plate 183, a rectangular kernel collecting plate 184, an eccentric wheel 185, a second-stage waste shell discharge port 186 and a triangular shell and kernel discharge port 187.

In this embodiment, the centrifugal impeller 181 is mounted on the centrifugal impeller spindle 182, integrally located on the circular arc baffle 171, and forms a transportation fit. The second-stage sieve plate 183 is located below the centrifugal impeller 181 and has a height difference H, and meshes in the shape of round-head flat keys are regularly distributed on the second-stage sieve plate 183 for screening larger walnut shells, and specifically, the width of each mesh is smaller than the transverse diameter and the edge diameter of a screened walnut. The short right end of the second-stage leaking sieve plate 183 is connected with a second-stage waste shell discharge port 186, in addition, the long Q of the second-stage leaking sieve plate 183 can be properly increased according to the screening effect, and meanwhile, a pair of eccentric wheels 185 driven by a three-phase asynchronous motor II 3 are arranged below the second-stage leaking sieve plate 183 to provide high-frequency slight shaking for the second-stage leaking sieve plate 183. A rectangular kernel collecting plate 184 is arranged below the eccentric wheel 185, an included angle beta is formed between the rectangular kernel collecting plate 184 and the horizontal plane of the frame 5, specifically, beta = (10-20 °), and the short-sized end of the right side of the rectangular kernel collecting plate 184 is connected with a triangular shell and kernel discharge port 187. The second-stage sieve plate 183 and the kernel collecting plate 184 are arranged on the two L-shaped baffles.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 8 and 9, the three-stage wind power kernel separation device 25 is composed of a "louver" shell-kernel separation inclined plate 251, a side baffle 252, a fan 253 and a three-stage waste shell discharge port 254.

In this embodiment, the fan 253 is located below the triangular shell and core outlet 187 of the second-stage eccentric wheel shaking screen plate shell and core separating device 18, the "louver" shell and core separating inclined plate 251 is disposed right in front of the air outlet of the fan 253, side baffles 252 are disposed on two sides of the inclined plate, and the "louver" shell and core separating inclined plate 251 forms a γ included angle with the horizontal plane of the frame 5, specifically, γ = (45 ° -60 °). And the space E between the upper plate and the plate of the shutter shell and kernel separation inclined plate 251 is smaller than the size of the walnut kernels, because the walnut kernels are heavier than the shells, the heavier walnut kernels slide down to the bottom end along the shutter shell and kernel separation inclined plate 251 under proper wind power to be collected, and the lighter shells are blown out from the third-stage waste shell discharge port 254 along the gap on the shutter shell and kernel separation inclined plate 251, so that the shell and kernel separation effect is realized.

The working process of the utility model is as follows:

after the power supply is switched on, the spiral conveying blades 82 slowly rotate clockwise under the starting of the three-phase asynchronous motor I10, walnuts are fed from the V-shaped feeding hopper 1 and are conveyed to the circular ring grid grading device 15 by the spiral conveying blades 82, and grading of the walnuts is completed. Then, walnuts with different sizes fall into corresponding storage hoppers before shell breaking, the postures of the walnuts in the storage hoppers before shell breaking are adjusted and fixed, shell breaking is completed through the pneumatic impact hammer 161, meanwhile, the double friction rollers 162 positioned below the pneumatic impact hammer slowly rotate in the same direction under the power of the three-phase asynchronous motor I10, the rotation direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the rack 5 and points to the ground, and secondary extrusion is performed on shell kernels which are not completely broken.

The crushed walnut shells fall onto a primary inclined plate screen and the finely crushed walnut shells fall through a primary screen plate 172 into a waste shell collecting plate 175 and are discharged from a primary waste shell discharge port 174. The shell kernels with large volume and medium size continuously slide into the centrifugal impeller 181 on the arc baffle 171, the centrifugal impeller 181 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the three-phase asynchronous motor II 3 to throw the core kernels with large volume and medium size onto the second-stage sieve plate 183, and due to the height difference H between the centrifugal impeller 181 and the second-stage sieve plate 183, the shell kernels impact on the second-stage sieve plate 183 under the action of gravity, so that the shell and kernel separation effect is achieved. An eccentric wheel 185 below the second-stage sieve plate 183 is driven by a three-phase asynchronous motor II 3, the second-stage sieve plate 183 is driven by the eccentric wheel 185 to shake slightly at high frequency, large walnut shells slide upwards to a second-stage waste shell discharge port 186 through a concave surface, and walnut kernels and medium-sized crushed shells reach a triangular discharge port 187 below the second-stage sieve plate 183 through round-head flat key-shaped meshes on the second-stage sieve plate 183. After the fan 253 is started, the fan 253 in the three-level wind power kernel separation device 25 blows shells and kernels to a shutter shell and kernel separation inclined plate 251 positioned in front of the fan, the middlings and walnuts with light weight are blown into a gap between an upper plate and a plate of the shutter shell and kernel separation inclined plate 251 to enter a three-level waste shell outlet 254, the kernels with heavy weight slide to the bottom end along the inclined plate and are collected, and finally shell and kernel separation is realized.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention without undue experimentation. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concepts of the present invention and the prior art are all within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A walnut feeding and grading device and a shell and kernel separating system adopting spiral conveying are characterized by comprising a walnut spiral conveying device, a circular grid grading device and a three-level shell and kernel separating system, wherein the walnut spiral conveying device consists of a V-shaped feeding hopper and a spiral conveying mechanism, the V-shaped feeding hopper is arranged on the upper layer of a rack, one side of the bottom of a baffle plate of the V-shaped feeding hopper, which is vertical to the horizontal plane of the rack, is connected with a bearing seat, and the other side of the bottom of the baffle plate is connected with the circular grid grading mechanism; a baffle plate at one side of the V-shaped feeding hopper connected with the circular grid grading mechanism is provided with a feeding hole with the diameter consistent with that of a spiral conveying blade of the spiral conveying mechanism, and meanwhile, a baffle plate at the bottom of the V-shaped feeding hopper is provided with an arc angle, and the angle is adjusted according to the diameter of the spiral conveying blade; the circular grid grading device consists of a circular grid grading mechanism and a storage hopper before shell breaking; the left side of the circular grid grading mechanism is fixedly connected with the V-shaped feeding hopper, the right side of the circular grid grading mechanism is fixedly connected with the rack supporting plate, and meanwhile, the spiral conveying mechanism penetrates through the inside of the circular grid grading mechanism.

2. The spiral-conveying walnut feeding and grading device and the shell and kernel separating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spiral conveying blades are positioned at the bottom of the V-shaped feeding hopper and penetrate through the V-shaped feeding hopper and the circular grid grading mechanism.

3. The spiral-conveying walnut feeding and grading device and the shell and kernel separating system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a storage hopper before shell breaking is arranged below the circular grid grading mechanism, and circular rings with the same diameter as the outer ring of the circular grid are arranged at two ends of the storage hopper before shell breaking; the inside fender that separates with the fender before broken shell storage hopper, broken shell storage hopper has the contained angle between the two sides baffle that is located ring grid below, and open the baffle bottom of terminal export two sides slope simultaneously has a plurality of round hole.

4. The walnut feeding and classifying device and the shell and kernel separating system for spiral conveying as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the three-stage shell and kernel separation system comprises a first-stage inclined plate sieve shell and kernel separation device, a second-stage eccentric wheel shaking sieve plate shell and kernel separation device and a third-stage wind power kernel separation device, wherein each stage of shell and kernel separation device correspondingly separates walnut shells and kernels with different degrees;

5. The walnut feeding and classifying device and the shell and kernel separating system which are spirally conveyed according to claim 4, wherein: the first-stage inclined plate leaking screening shell and kernel separating device comprises a first-stage leaking screening plate, wherein the first-stage leaking screening plate and the horizontal surface of a rack form an included angle of 20-30 degrees, small round holes distributed densely are formed in the plates, the diameter of each round hole is phi 5-phi 15mm, two right-angled triangle baffles are arranged at two long-size ends of the first-stage leaking screening plate, a waste shell collecting plate with the same and parallel area as the waste shell collecting plate is arranged below each plate, a baffle with an arc angle is connected to the lower portion of one side, close to a centrifugal impeller, of the first-stage leaking screening plate, the arc size of the baffle is adjusted according to the diameter of a centrifugal impeller arranged on the baffle, and one or two.

6. The walnut feeding and classifying device and the shell and kernel separating system for spiral conveying as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the second-stage eccentric wheel shaking sieve plate shell and kernel separating device comprises a centrifugal impeller arranged on an arc baffle of the first-stage inclined plate screen shell and kernel separating mechanism;

a second-stage sieve plate is arranged below the centrifugal impeller, the second-stage sieve plate and the centrifugal impeller have height difference, round-head flat key-shaped meshes are regularly distributed on the plate, the short-size right end of the second-stage sieve plate is connected with a second-stage waste shell discharge port, and a pair of eccentric wheels driven by a motor is arranged below the plate;

a rectangular kernel collecting plate is arranged below the eccentric wheel, an included angle of 10-20 degrees is formed between the rectangular kernel collecting plate and the horizontal plane of the frame, and the tail end of the short right side of the rectangular kernel collecting plate is connected with a triangular shell kernel discharge port;

the long size both sides of sieve, nucleolus collecting plate are leaked to second grade have with frame horizontal plane vertically "L" type baffle, with two "L" type baffle simultaneous vertically one side, and lie in centrifugal impeller one side and have a side shield in addition, and on the side shield was fixed in the frame, sieve, nucleolus collecting plate were leaked to the second grade all set up on two "L" type baffles.

7. The walnut feeding and classifying device and the shell and kernel separating system for spiral conveying as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the three-level wind power kernel separation device comprises a fan and a shutter shell and kernel separation structure; the fan is positioned below a triangular shell and kernel discharge port of the second-stage eccentric wheel shaking sieve plate shell and kernel separating device, the shutter shell and kernel separating structure is arranged right in front of an air outlet of the fan and comprises a shutter shell and kernel separating inclined plate and baffles on two sides, and an included angle of 45-60 degrees is formed between the shutter shell and kernel separating inclined plate and the horizontal plane of the frame.