CN212357393U - Laser cladding device - Google Patents
Laser cladding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212357393U CN212357393U CN202020835708.XU CN202020835708U CN212357393U CN 212357393 U CN212357393 U CN 212357393U CN 202020835708 U CN202020835708 U CN 202020835708U CN 212357393 U CN212357393 U CN 212357393U
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a laser cladding device, which comprises a shell, a first laser source, a second laser source, a QBH output head, a beam expander, a reflector and a protective mirror; the side surface of the output head is also provided with a powder feeding head, and the bottom opening of the powder feeding head is communicated with the bottom opening of the output head; two beams of light beams output by the first laser source and the second laser source are sequentially output to an opening at the bottom end of the output head through the beam expander, the reflecting mirror and the protective mirror, and target surface superposition is formed on the metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head by the powder feeding head to form a mixed double-laser beam; the metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head by the powder feeding head is melted on the metal matrix after being heated by the mixed double laser beams to form a metal alloy cladding layer. The utility model provides a double-beam laser cladding device can realize that laser cladding efficiency promotes, makes the powder utilization ratio promote to more than 90%.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a laser cladding technical field, concretely relates to laser cladding device.
Background
In the laser cladding process, the energy density distribution of a negative focal region of a common Gaussian beam is slightly more uniform than that of a positive focal region, but the energy density of a central region of a light spot is larger, so that a matrix is more molten, the dilution rate is higher, and the hardness of a coating is reduced; the laser energy density of the light spot edge area is small, meanwhile, the shielding of the powder to the light beam is considered, the melting amount of the matrix is very small, the dilution rate is low, the edge bonding quality cannot be guaranteed, meanwhile, unmelted particles exist, the powder utilization rate is low (70% -80%), and the multi-channel lapping quality and the coating performance are influenced. The flat-top beam of a common semiconductor laser is very suitable for a laser cladding technology, but the current domestic semiconductor laser has the disadvantages of slow development, low laser brightness, insufficient penetration of the laser beam and low high reflection resistance, so the flat-top beam laser is not very suitable for a high-speed laser cladding or ultra-high-speed laser cladding technology.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, an object of the utility model is to provide a high efficiency laser cladding device that is suitable for high-speed laser cladding or hypervelocity laser cladding.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a laser cladding device comprises a shell, a first laser source and a second laser source which are arranged at one end of the shell, an output head arranged at the other end of the shell, and a beam expander, a reflecting mirror and a protective mirror which are arranged in the shell; the side surface of the output head is also provided with a powder feeding head, and the bottom opening of the powder feeding head is communicated with the bottom opening of the output head;
wherein the first laser source is used for outputting a Gaussian beam or a super Gaussian beam, and the second laser source is used for outputting an M-shaped beam or an annular beam; two beams of light beams output by the first laser source and the second laser source are sequentially output to the opening at the bottom end of the output head through the beam expander, the reflecting mirror and the protective mirror, and target surface superposition is formed on the metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head by the powder feeding head, so that a mixed double-laser beam is formed; the metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head by the powder feeding head is heated by the mixed type double laser beams and then is melted on a metal matrix to form a metal alloy cladding layer.
In some embodiments, the beam expander, the reflecting mirror and the protective mirror are sequentially arranged on the light paths of the two light beams output by the first laser source and the second laser source;
wherein the beam expander is used for changing the divergence angle and the beam waist radius of the light beam;
the reflecting mirror is used for reflecting the two light beams to the protective mirror at different reflection angles and then penetrating through the protective mirror to enter the output head;
the protective mirror is arranged at the top end of the output head and used for preventing fluid metal from splashing to the inside of the shell in the laser cladding process to damage other lenses.
In some embodiments, the output head is further provided with a shielding gas inlet, and the shielding gas inlet is used for connecting an external shielding gas device when laser cladding is performed, so as to provide shielding gas for the metal alloy powder.
The utility model provides a laser cladding device, which uses double laser beams to carry out laser cladding, wherein the double laser beams are overlapped by M-shaped beams or annular beams and Gaussian beams or super-Gaussian beams; the middle energy of the M-shaped light beam and the annular light beam is low, the surrounding energy is strong, the M-shaped light beam and the annular light beam are overlapped with the super-Gaussian light beam or the Gaussian light beam to obtain a mixed double light beam similar to a flat-top light beam, the high reflection resistance is realized, the brightness of the laser light beam is strong, and the penetrating capability of the laser light beam is strong; the M-shaped light beam or the annular light beam can be obtained by an energy transmission optical fiber and a signal beam combiner with special structures.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model selects the mixed double beams obtained by overlapping the M-shaped light beam or the annular light beam with the Gaussian beam or the super Gaussian beam as the light source of the laser cladding process, the using effect of the mixed double beams is similar to that of the laser cladding type light beam of the flat-top light beam, which not only can avoid adopting a fussy optical lens system to obtain the flat-top light beam, but also can solve the problems of weak brightness, non-anti-high reflection and uneven energy distribution of the Gaussian beam of the semiconductor laser;
2. the mixed double laser applied to the laser cladding process not only is beneficial to solving the problems of crack defects, overlarge dilution rate and the like, but also can effectively improve the working efficiency of laser cladding;
3. the utility model provides a two beam laser of mixed type can form the stack on metal alloy powder target surface for metal alloy powder can obtain fully melting, has promoted powder utilization ratio to more than 90% greatly, thereby has improved laser cladding's work efficiency.
Drawings
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention, which is made with reference to the accompanying drawings, and can help to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a laser cladding apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a one-dimensional X-direction distribution diagram of axial intensity of a Gaussian beam in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a one-dimensional distribution diagram of the relative light intensity in the Y direction shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relative light intensity X-direction one-dimensional distribution of an M-shaped light beam in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a one-dimensional distribution diagram of the relative light intensity in the Y direction shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a relative light intensity X-direction one-dimensional distribution diagram of an annular light beam in an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a one-dimensional distribution diagram of the relative light intensity in the Y direction shown in FIG. 2;
description of reference numerals:
1. a first laser source; 2. a second laser source; 3. a beam expander; 4. a mirror; 5. protective glasses; 6. an output head; 7. feeding powder head; 8. a shielding gas inlet; 9. a substrate; 10. a housing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the described embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a laser cladding apparatus, which includes a housing 10, a first laser source 1 and a second laser source 2 disposed at one end of the housing, an output head 6 disposed at the other end of the housing 10, and a beam expander 3, a reflector 4 and a protection mirror 5 disposed in the housing 10; the side surface of the output head 6 is also provided with a powder feeding head 7, and the bottom opening of the powder feeding head 7 is communicated with the bottom opening of the output head 6;
wherein, the first laser source 1 is used for outputting a gaussian beam or a super-gaussian beam, and the second laser source 2 is used for outputting an M-shaped beam or an annular beam (the M-shaped beam or the annular beam is obtained by the prior art, and can be obtained by an energy transmission fiber and a signal beam combiner with special structures, for example); two beams of light beams output by the first laser source 1 and the second laser source 2 are sequentially output to an opening at the bottom end of the output head 6 through the beam expander 3, the reflecting mirror 4 and the protective mirror 5, and target surface superposition is formed on the metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head 6 by the powder feeding head 7 to form a mixed double-laser beam; the metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head 6 by the powder feeding head 7 is heated by the mixed type double laser beams and then is melted on the metal matrix 9 to form a metal alloy cladding layer.
Preferably, the beam expander 3, the reflector 4 and the protective mirror 5 are sequentially arranged on the light paths of the two beams output by the first laser source 1 and the second laser source 2; the beam expander 3 is used for changing the divergence angle and the beam waist radius of the light beam; the reflector 4 is used for reflecting the two light beams to the protective mirror 5 at different reflection angles, and then the two light beams enter the output head 6 through the protective mirror 5; the protective mirror 5 is arranged at the top end of the output head 6 and used for preventing fluid metal from splashing to the inside of the shell 10 in the laser cladding process to damage other lenses.
Preferably, the output head 6 is further provided with a shielding gas inlet 8, and the shielding gas inlet 8 is used for connecting an external shielding gas device during laser cladding so as to provide shielding gas for the metal alloy powder.
When the laser cladding device is used for carrying out laser cladding, the method comprises the following steps:
wherein: the light beam I is a Gaussian beam or an ultra-Gaussian beam, and the light beam II is an M-shaped beam or an annular beam;
step 2, sequentially passing the output beam I of the first laser source 1 and the output beam II of the second laser source 2 through a beam expander 3 at different incidence angles to change the divergence angle and the beam waist radius, then entering a reflector 4, then being reflected to a protective mirror 5 through the reflector 4, finally being transmitted to an output head 6 through the protective mirror 5, and overlapping at an opening at the bottom end of the output head 6 to form double laser beams; meanwhile, the metal alloy powder is sent to the opening at the bottom end of the output head 6 through the powder sending head 7, and meanwhile, the shielding gas is provided into the output head 6 from the shielding gas inlet 8;
and 4, repeating the steps 1 to 3 until the cladding of the external matrix 9 needing to be processed by laser cladding in the step 3 is completed.
Further, in the embodiment, referring to fig. 2-7, the gaussian beam corresponding to fig. 2 and 3, the M beam corresponding to fig. 4 and 5, and the annular beam corresponding to fig. 6 and 7 are all relative light intensity one-dimensional distribution diagrams. In fig. 2, the horizontal axis represents the X direction (unit is μm) and the vertical axis represents the relative light intensity, and in fig. 3, the horizontal axis represents the relative light intensity and the vertical axis represents the Y direction (unit is μm); in fig. 4, the horizontal axis represents the X direction and the vertical axis represents the relative light intensity, and in fig. 5, the horizontal axis represents the relative light intensity and the vertical axis represents the Y direction; in fig. 6, the horizontal axis represents the X direction and the vertical axis represents the relative light intensity, and in fig. 7, the horizontal axis represents the relative light intensity and the vertical axis represents the Y direction; the X direction and the Y direction described above indicate two mutually perpendicular directions on the spot cross section of the light beam. Therefore, the M-shaped beam or the annular beam has low middle energy and strong surrounding energy, and a mixed double beam similar to a flat-top beam can be obtained by overlapping the M-shaped beam or the annular beam with the super-Gaussian beam or the Gaussian beam.
When carrying out laser cladding, the two laser beam, metal alloy powder and protective gas that the laser overlap that first laser source 1 and second laser source 2 output obtained assemble at base member 9 upper surface, and two laser beam heat the powder, and wherein gaussian type light beam or super-gaussian type light beam mainly act on the metal alloy powder of middle zone, and M type light beam or annular beam mainly act on the metal alloy powder of region around, finally realize that laser powder utilization ratio effectively promotes.
To sum up, the laser cladding device provided by the utility model uses double laser beams to carry out laser cladding, and the double laser beams are overlapped by M-shaped beams or annular beams and Gaussian beams or super-Gaussian beams; the M-shaped light beam and the annular light beam have low middle energy and strong surrounding energy, and can obtain a mixed double light beam similar to a flat-top light beam by being overlapped with the super-Gaussian light beam or the Gaussian light beam, and the mixed double light beam has high reflection resistance, strong laser beam brightness and strong laser beam penetration capability.
Compared with the prior art, the application of the double laser beams in the laser cladding process not only is beneficial to solving the problems of crack defects, overlarge dilution rate and the like, but also can effectively improve the working efficiency of laser cladding; the utility model selects the overlapping of the M-shaped light beam or the annular light beam and the Gaussian light beam or the super-Gaussian light beam, and the obtained double light beams are used as the light source of the laser cladding process, thereby avoiding adopting a fussy optical lens system to obtain a flat-top light beam, and solving the problems of weak light beam brightness, non-high reflection resistance and uneven energy distribution of the Gaussian light beam of the semiconductor laser; the utility model discloses a two beam laser light source act on metal powder, realize that the powder beam fully melts, promote powder utilization ratio to more than 90% to improve laser cladding's work efficiency.
The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A laser cladding device is characterized by comprising a shell (10), a first laser source (1) and a second laser source (2) which are arranged at one end of the shell, an output head (6) which is arranged at the other end of the shell (10), and a beam expander (3), a reflecting mirror (4) and a protective mirror (5) which are arranged in the shell (10); a powder feeding head (7) is further arranged on the side surface of the output head (6), and the bottom end opening of the powder feeding head (7) is communicated with the bottom end opening of the output head (6);
wherein the first laser source (1) is used for outputting a Gaussian beam or a super-Gaussian beam, and the second laser source (2) is used for outputting an M-shaped beam or a ring beam; two beams of light beams output by the first laser source (1) and the second laser source (2) are sequentially output to an opening at the bottom end of the output head (6) through a beam expander (3), a reflector (4) and a protective mirror (5), and target surface superposition is formed on metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head (6) by a powder feeding head (7) to form a mixed double-laser beam; the metal alloy powder conveyed to the opening at the bottom end of the output head (6) by the powder feeding head (7) is melted on a metal matrix (9) after being heated by the mixed type double laser beams to form a metal alloy cladding layer.
2. The laser cladding device according to claim 1, wherein the beam expander (3), the reflecting mirror (4) and the protective mirror (5) are sequentially arranged on the light path of the two light beams output by the first laser source (1) and the second laser source (2);
wherein the beam expander (3) is used for changing the divergence angle and the beam waist radius of the light beam;
the reflecting mirror (4) is used for reflecting the two light beams to the protective mirror (5) at different reflecting angles and then penetrating through the protective mirror (5) to enter the output head (6);
the protective glass (5) is arranged at the top end of the output head (6) and used for preventing fluid metal from splashing to the inside of the shell (10) in the laser cladding process to damage other lenses.
3. The laser cladding device according to claim 1, wherein the output head (6) is further provided with a shielding gas inlet (8), and the shielding gas inlet (8) is used for connecting an external shielding gas device during laser cladding so as to provide shielding gas for the metal alloy powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020835708.XU CN212357393U (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Laser cladding device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020835708.XU CN212357393U (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Laser cladding device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212357393U true CN212357393U (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111455377A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 宝宇(武汉)激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding device and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111455377A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 宝宇(武汉)激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding device and method |
| CN111455377B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2024-03-26 | 宝宇(武汉)激光技术有限公司 | Laser cladding device and method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of utility model: A laser cladding device Effective date of registration: 20220310 Granted publication date: 20210115 Pledgee: Wuhan area branch of Hubei pilot free trade zone of Bank of China Ltd. Pledgor: Baoyu (Wuhan) laser technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022420000056 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |