CN102059452A - Narrow gap three-beam laser welding method - Google Patents

Narrow gap three-beam laser welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102059452A
CN102059452A CN2010106007082A CN201010600708A CN102059452A CN 102059452 A CN102059452 A CN 102059452A CN 2010106007082 A CN2010106007082 A CN 2010106007082A CN 201010600708 A CN201010600708 A CN 201010600708A CN 102059452 A CN102059452 A CN 102059452A
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China
Prior art keywords
light beam
welding
narrow gap
laser
focus lamp
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CN102059452B (en
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李俐群
雷正龙
冯杰才
陶汪
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a narrow gap three-beam laser welding method, and belongs to the technical field of laser processing. The method solves the problem of poor transition stability of welding wire metal molten drops in the conventional swinging or rotating double-beam welding method. In the welding process of the method, a main beam emitted by a laser device is split into three welding beams, the energy of the three welding beams is one third of the energy of the main beam respectively, and three focusing light spots of the three welding beams in a narrow gap weld groove are arranged in parallel or in a regular triangle. The method is suitable for narrow gap laser welding.

Description

Narrow gap three beam laser welding methods
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of narrow gap three beam laser welding methods, belong to technical field of laser processing.
Background technology
The single beams that adopt weld more in the existing narrow gap laser light welding with filler wire method, dual-beam welding, swing or the welding of rotation dual-beam, and the shortcoming of employing single beam welding is, laser spot diameter is very little, the heat effect zone is little, is prone to sidewall incomplete fusion phenomenon, influences welding quality.When adopting the dual-beam welding, though improved the heat effect zone of welding, but two light beams act on both sides, weld seam molten bath, and the center, molten bath does not have the effect of laser beam, and it is insufficient that the center, molten bath is stirred, be easy to generate pore, and filler wire generally is positioned at the weld seam center, and the laser beam of both sides fails to provide the sufficient amount of heat filler wire, and the metal filled amount of cladding is less, be easy to generate defectives such as lack of inter-run fusion, influence property of welded joint.When adopting swing or the welding of rotation dual-beam, because the swing or the rotation of light beam, the stirring action in light beam butt welded seam molten bath strengthens, reduced weld porosity, but the mobile stability that reduces the transition of welding wire metal drop of light beam, the welding wire filling effect is affected, and still there is certain limitation in the use that swing or rotation dual-beam are welded in the narrow gap laser light silk filling welding.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of narrow gap three beam laser welding methods in order to solve the problem that there are welding wire metal drop transition poor stability in existing swing or rotation dual-beam welding method.
The inventive method is in welding process, the main beam that laser instrument is sent is divided into three beams welding light beam, the energy of described three beams welding light beam is respectively 1/3rd of main beam energy, three focal beam spot parallel arranged that described three beams welding light beam forms in the narrow gap weld seam groove or be equilateral triangle and arrange.
Advantage of the present invention is: the inventive method has realized the function of three divided beams by two beam splitting chips and two reflective focus lamps, make the energy of laser beam can reasonable distribution, and can regulate the position of welding beam focus, have easy realization, advantage easy to use.
The inventive method has realized the laser beam effect in narrow gap weld seam groove left side, three positions in center and right side, the laser weld light beam of both sides has solved the welding sidewall incomplete fusion problem that exists in the narrow gap laser light welding with filler wire method, the second welding light beam at center not only provides enough heat melts welding wires, and three light beam all can move along welding direction, the transition of welding wire metal drop is stable, has improved welding quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a Fundamentals of Welding schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of focal beam spot parallel arranged in the narrow gap weld seam groove of the first welding light beam, the second welding light beam and the 3rd welding light beam formation, A is the focal beam spot that the first welding light beam forms among the figure, B is the focal beam spot that the second welding light beam forms, C is the focal beam spot that the 3rd welding light beam forms, and arrow is depicted as welding direction among the figure;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the first welding light beam, the second welding light beam and the 3rd welding light beam are triangularly arranged in the narrow gap weld seam groove, A is the focal beam spot that the first welding light beam forms among the figure, B is the focal beam spot that the second welding light beam forms, C is the focal beam spot that the 3rd welding light beam forms, and arrow is depicted as welding direction among the figure.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, present embodiment is in welding process, the main beam that laser instrument is sent is divided into three beams welding light beam, the energy of described three beams welding light beam is respectively 1/3rd of main beam energy, three focal beam spot parallel arranged that described three beams welding light beam forms in the narrow gap weld seam groove or be equilateral triangle and arrange.
Present embodiment is a kind of laser welding with filler wire method, it has solved when narrow gap laser light fills silk welding and has occurred pore, sidewall incomplete fusion, lack of inter-run fusion and welding wire metal drop transition problem of unstable easily, has filled up the deficiency in the existing laser welding technology.
The specific embodiment two: below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and the implementation method that the described main beam that laser instrument is sent is divided into three beams welding light beam is:
Be divided into first transmitted light beam and first folded light beam after making main beam by the first beam splitting chip 1-1, first folded light beam forms the first welding light beam after the first reflective focus lamp 2-1 focuses on, the focal beam spot that the described first welding light beam forms is in a side of narrow gap weld seam groove
First transmitted light beam is divided into second transmitted light beam and second folded light beam after by the second beam splitting chip 1-2, second transmitted light beam forms the second welding light beam by transmission-type focus lamp 3 backs again, the focal beam spot that the described second welding light beam forms is at the center of narrow gap weld seam groove
Second folded light beam forms the 3rd welding light beam after the second reflective focus lamp 2-2 focuses on, the described the 3rd welds the opposite side of the focal beam spot of light beam formation at the narrow gap weld seam groove,
The focal beam spot that the described first welding light beam, the second welding light beam and the 3rd welding light beam form parallel arranged or be equilateral triangle and arrange in the narrow gap weld seam groove.
Shown in Figure 1, formed the parallel arranged of focal beam spot in the narrow gap weld seam groove that three welding light beams form.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is further specifying embodiment two, the transmitted light beam of the described first beam splitting chip 1-1 accounts for 2/3rds of incident beam gross energy, and the folded light beam of this first beam splitting chip 1-1 accounts for 1/3rd of incident beam gross energy.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment three, and the described second beam splitting chip 1-2 is the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror.
On the basis of embodiment three, adopt the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror again first transmitted light beam to be carried out beam splitting, the energy of second transmitted light beam that produces is 1/2nd of the first transmitted light beam energy, the energy of second folded light beam that produces is 1/2nd of the first transmitted light beam energy, because first transmitted light beam accounts for 2/3rds of main beam gross energy, the therefore final first welding light beam that forms, the second welding light beam and the 3rd welding light beam respectively account for 1/3rd of main beam gross energy.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment four, and the described first beam splitting chip 1-1, the second beam splitting chip 1-2, the first reflective focus lamp 2-1 and the second reflective focus lamp 2-2 all can be around the optical axis rotations of main beam.
The specific embodiment six: present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment five, and the described first reflective focus lamp 2-1 and the second reflective focus lamp 2-2 all can be along moving perpendicular to the optical axis direction of main beam is parallel.
The first reflective focus lamp 2-1 described in the present embodiment can parallelly move with the second reflective focus lamp 2-2, so that accurately regulate the position of focused spot.
The specific embodiment seven: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 3, on the basis of each module position shown in Figure 1, the described first beam splitting chip 1-1 and the first reflective focus lamp 2-1 are rotated 60 ° around the main beam optical axis, the second beam splitting chip 1-2 and the second reflective focus lamp 2-2 are rotated-60 ° around the main beam optical axis, promptly can realize the equilateral triangle arrangement of focal beam spot in the narrow gap weld seam groove that three welding light beams form, its especially is fit to the welding of ultra-narrow gap laser.

Claims (6)

1. one kind narrow gap three beam laser welding methods is characterized in that:
In welding process, the main beam that laser instrument is sent is divided into three beams welding light beam, the energy of described three beams welding light beam is respectively 1/3rd of main beam energy, three focal beam spot parallel arranged that described three beams welding light beam forms in the narrow gap weld seam groove or be equilateral triangle and arrange.
2. narrow gap according to claim 1 three beam laser welding methods is characterized in that: the implementation method that the described main beam that laser instrument is sent is divided into three beams welding light beam is:
Make main beam pass through to be divided into first transmitted light beam and first folded light beam behind first beam splitting chip (1-1), first folded light beam forms the first welding light beam after the first reflective focus lamp (2-1) focuses on, the focal beam spot that the described first welding light beam forms is in a side of narrow gap weld seam groove
First transmitted light beam is divided into second transmitted light beam and second folded light beam after by second beam splitting chip (1-2), second transmitted light beam forms the second welding light beam by transmission-type focus lamp (3) back again, the focal beam spot that the described second welding light beam forms is at the center of narrow gap weld seam groove
Second folded light beam forms the 3rd welding light beam after the second reflective focus lamp (2-2) focuses on, the described the 3rd welds the opposite side of the focal beam spot of light beam formation at the narrow gap weld seam groove,
The focal beam spot that the described first welding light beam, the second welding light beam and the 3rd welding light beam form parallel arranged or be equilateral triangle and arrange in the narrow gap weld seam groove.
3. narrow gap according to claim 2 three beam laser welding methods, it is characterized in that: the transmitted light beam of described first beam splitting chip (1-1) accounts for 2/3rds of incident beam gross energy, and the folded light beam of this first beam splitting chip (1-1) accounts for 1/3rd of incident beam gross energy.
4. narrow gap according to claim 3 three beam laser welding methods is characterized in that: described second beam splitting chip (1-2) is the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror.
5. narrow gap according to claim 4 three beam laser welding methods is characterized in that: described first beam splitting chip (1-1), second beam splitting chip (1-2), the first reflective focus lamp (2-1) and the second reflective focus lamp (2-2) all can be around the optical axis rotations of main beam.
6. narrow gap according to claim 5 three beam laser welding methods is characterized in that: the described first reflective focus lamp (2-1) all can be along moving perpendicular to the optical axis direction of main beam is parallel with the second reflective focus lamp (2-2).
CN201010600708.2A 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 Narrow gap three-beam laser welding method Active CN102059452B (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102922136A (en) * 2012-11-20 2013-02-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Dual-light beam laser welding method of K-shaped joint
CN103056523A (en) * 2012-11-29 2013-04-24 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 Multi-beam laser welding method
CN103252578A (en) * 2012-02-17 2013-08-21 沈阳新松机器人自动化股份有限公司 Method for narrow-gap laser welding with filler wires for superconducting coil box
CN104801852A (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-07-29 温州大学 Beam splitting double-focus-point laser processing head
CN105269153A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-01-27 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 Welding wire for multi-wire-filling laser welding of thick plate and welding method of welding wire
CN105772939A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-20 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Laser double-beam welding device and method
CN106392305A (en) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-15 丰田自动车株式会社 Manufacturing method for welded structure
CN106944739A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-07-14 广东工业大学 One kind welding laser head assembly and processing method
CN107813049A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-03-20 华中科技大学 A kind of slab ultra-narrow gap laser filling wire welding device and method
CN108788450A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-11-13 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser process equipment and its laser Machining head
WO2019189927A1 (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-03 古河電気工業株式会社 Welding method and welding device
CN111673282A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-18 吉林大学 Welding method for aluminum/steel welding by using three-beam laser
CN111673281A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-18 吉林大学 Welding method for welding aluminum/steel dissimilar metal by using three beams of laser
CN116441728A (en) * 2023-06-15 2023-07-18 广东海洋大学 Three-laser-beam assembly line device and method for welding dissimilar materials

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WO2019130043A1 (en) * 2017-12-26 2019-07-04 Arcelormittal Method for butt laser welding two metal sheets with first and second front laser beams and a back laser beam

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103252578A (en) * 2012-02-17 2013-08-21 沈阳新松机器人自动化股份有限公司 Method for narrow-gap laser welding with filler wires for superconducting coil box
CN102922136A (en) * 2012-11-20 2013-02-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Dual-light beam laser welding method of K-shaped joint
CN103056523A (en) * 2012-11-29 2013-04-24 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 Multi-beam laser welding method
CN104801852A (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-07-29 温州大学 Beam splitting double-focus-point laser processing head
CN104801852B (en) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-19 温州大学 A kind of beam splitting double focus laser Machining head
CN106392305B (en) * 2015-07-31 2018-06-29 丰田自动车株式会社 For welded manufacturing method
CN106392305A (en) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-15 丰田自动车株式会社 Manufacturing method for welded structure
CN105269153A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-01-27 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 Welding wire for multi-wire-filling laser welding of thick plate and welding method of welding wire
CN105269153B (en) * 2015-11-20 2017-01-04 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 A kind of welding wire for slab multiple tracks silk filling laser welding and welding method thereof
CN105772939A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-20 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Laser double-beam welding device and method
CN106944739A (en) * 2017-03-22 2017-07-14 广东工业大学 One kind welding laser head assembly and processing method
CN107813049A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-03-20 华中科技大学 A kind of slab ultra-narrow gap laser filling wire welding device and method
WO2019189927A1 (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-03 古河電気工業株式会社 Welding method and welding device
CN111936262A (en) * 2018-03-30 2020-11-13 古河电气工业株式会社 Welding method and welding device
CN108788450A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-11-13 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser process equipment and its laser Machining head
CN111673282A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-18 吉林大学 Welding method for aluminum/steel welding by using three-beam laser
CN111673281A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-18 吉林大学 Welding method for welding aluminum/steel dissimilar metal by using three beams of laser
CN111673281B (en) * 2020-06-04 2021-03-12 吉林大学 Welding method for welding aluminum/steel dissimilar metal by using three beams of laser
CN116441728A (en) * 2023-06-15 2023-07-18 广东海洋大学 Three-laser-beam assembly line device and method for welding dissimilar materials
CN116441728B (en) * 2023-06-15 2023-08-22 广东海洋大学 Three-laser-beam assembly line device and method for welding dissimilar materials

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