CN113005445B - Device for performing cladding on different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting focal light path and using method - Google Patents
Device for performing cladding on different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting focal light path and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113005445B CN113005445B CN202110193897.4A CN202110193897A CN113005445B CN 113005445 B CN113005445 B CN 113005445B CN 202110193897 A CN202110193897 A CN 202110193897A CN 113005445 B CN113005445 B CN 113005445B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for cladding different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting a focal light path and a using method thereof, which aim at the problem that the hollow conical focused light beam of a 'powder feeding in light' nozzle in laser cladding is not melted completely in the middle of a molten pool when cladding is caused by overlarge hollow area of the light spot on a working surface with overlarge defocusing amount. The variable light path focusing technology provided by the invention changes the focal length of a collimating mirror or changes the relative position of a circular cone straight surface reflecting mirror and a circular cone straight surface reflecting mirror by moving from a collimating light path, a beam expanding light path and a focusing light path, so that a focusing light beam is reflected by the circular cone mirror and the circular cone mirror to form a hollow conical light beam which is intersected before focusing, and a focus deviates from an optical axis to form a focus circle. Different solid light spots or annular light spots with smaller duty ratio are obtained on different optical axis cross sections of the intersecting light beams, so that the problem that the central light energy is insufficient due to too large duty ratio of the hollow light spot in the original non-focusing light path can be avoided, and the cladding forming of a wider melting channel is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a cladding device for performing different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting a focal light path and a using method thereof.
Background
The laser cladding technology is an advanced manufacturing technology combining a laser technology and an additive manufacturing technology, and develops rapidly in recent years. As an advanced machining and forming technology, the method is widely applied to metal 3D printing, surface modification of materials, repair of failed parts and the like, solves a plurality of problems in engineering practice, and creates great economic benefits in engineering application. The core component for realizing optical powder coupling forming in the technology is a laser cladding nozzle, and the existing laser cladding nozzle has two powder feeding technologies: one is a coaxial and inclined powder feeding method (light external powder feeding) by surrounding solid light by adopting a plurality of powder tubes, and the other is a vertical powder feeding method (light internal powder feeding) by surrounding the center of a single powder tube by hollow annular light. The present invention is developed in view of the second method of optically feeding powder.
A focusing device for coaxial powder feeding in light, as shown in application No. 201621159526.5, where a collimating lens 3, a conical straight surface reflector 4, and a circular conical paraboloid reflector are sequentially installed behind a light outlet 1 of a laser output fiber, the two reflectors are all rotationally symmetric around a central axis, the reflectors are arranged oppositely, a laser beam 2 emitted from the light outlet 1 of the laser output fiber and having a certain angle is collimated into a parallel cylindrical collimated beam 4 by the collimating lens 3, the cylindrical collimated beam 4 is reflected by the conical straight surface reflector 6 to the circular conical paraboloid reflector 5, the reflected beam becomes an annular focused beam 7, and is finally focused on a working surface 11, a point light spot is formed at the position of the working surface 10, but the working surface 11 should be out of focus at the upper part or the lower part of the working surface 11 as required. Defocusing is to obtain annular light spots with required sizes to form an annular high-temperature molten pool, so that metal powder beams sprayed into the molten pool by the powder spraying ports 8 are melted, and the light energy distribution on a scanning line can be homogenized. The continuous scanning movement can continuously melt and solidify to form melting channels with different widths. However, when the defocusing amount cladding wide melting channel is enlarged for high-efficiency forming, on a large-distance focal plane 12 which is too far away from a defocusing point 10, the duty ratio of an annular light spot on the cross section is too large, the hollow area of the middle part is too large, so that the light energy in the middle part of the melting pool is insufficient, a powder beam entering the melting pool can be incompletely or not melted in the middle part, and the defect in the middle part of the melting channel is caused, so that the wide melting channel with a smooth surface and high metallurgical bonding strength is difficult to obtain, and a part or a coating with better quality cannot be clad.
Therefore, how to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cladding device capable of obtaining the required solid circular light spot or hollow annular light spot with any duty ratio and performing different hollow or solid light spots by focusing the light path and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a device for cladding different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting a focal light path, which comprises: the laser output optical fiber light outlet is a terminal of an output optical fiber outlet connected with the laser; the collimating lens group is arranged right below the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser, and the distance from the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser to the collimating lens group is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group; the conical straight surface reflector is arranged right below the collimating lens group; the circular cone straight-surface reflector and the circular cone straight-surface reflector are coaxially arranged, the circular cone straight-surface reflector is in a surrounding shape relative to the circular cone straight-surface reflector, the reflecting surfaces of the circular cone straight-surface reflector and the circular cone straight-surface reflector are opposite along the direction of 360 degrees in the circumferential direction, the divergent light beams emitted from the light outlet of the laser output optical fiber reach the collimating lens group, when the distances from the collimating lens group to the light outlet of the laser output optical fiber are respectively equal to, larger than or smaller than the collimating focal length, the light beams passing through the collimating lens group are respectively parallel light beams, convergent focused light beams or divergent light beams, the convergent focused light beams are reflected to the circular cone straight-surface reflector through the circular cone straight-surface reflector to form circular cone focused light beams, and for the circular cone straight-surface reflector and the circular cone straight-surface reflector with different cone angles and sizes, the circular cone focused light beams can be focused into a focal circle before reaching an optical axis, or the focus is focused on the optical axis, or the focus is focused into a focus circle after the optical axis is intersected and deviates from the optical axis; the cladding nozzle is arranged right below the conical straight-surface reflector, and a powder outlet of the cladding nozzle is opposite to the working surface.
Preferably, the collimating lens group comprises at least one collimating lens.
The invention also provides a use method of the device for performing cladding on different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting the focal light path, which comprises the following steps: the relative position of the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector is adjusted by moving along the optical axis direction of the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector, and/or the relative position of the laser output optical fiber light outlet and the collimating lens group is adjusted by moving along the optical axis direction of the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector in the interval that the relative distance between the laser output optical fiber light outlet and the collimating lens group is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group, so that a focused light beam with correspondingly changed focal length can be obtained behind the collimating lens group, the focused light beam is reflected by the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector to obtain a hollow circular conical focused light beam and can begin to converge on the optical axis, the focal point can form a focal point circle at a position deviated from the optical axis, and minimum overlapped solid circular light spots with different sizes can be obtained on different cross sections of the optical axis by selecting, The maximum butt joint is solid round light spots or annular light spots with different duty ratios.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a device for cladding different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting a focal light path, which comprises: the laser output optical fiber light outlet is a terminal of an output optical fiber outlet connected with the laser; the collimating lens group is arranged right below the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser, and the distance from the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser to the collimating lens group is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group; the conical straight surface reflector is arranged right below the collimating lens group; the annular cone straight-surface reflector and the conical straight-surface reflector are coaxially arranged, the annular cone straight-surface reflector is in a surrounding shape relative to the conical straight-surface reflector, and the reflecting surfaces of the annular cone straight-surface reflector and the conical straight-surface reflector are opposite along the circumferential direction of 360 degrees; and the cladding nozzle is arranged right below the conical straight-surface reflector, and a powder outlet of the cladding nozzle is opposite to the working surface. In a specific using process, the relative positions of the conical straight-surface reflector and the annular conical straight-surface reflector are adjusted by moving along the optical axis direction of the conical straight-surface reflector and the annular conical straight-surface reflector, and/or the relative positions of the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser and the collimating lens group are adjusted by coaxially moving along the optical axis direction of the conical straight-surface reflector and the annular conical straight-surface reflector in an interval of which the relative distance between the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser and the collimating lens group is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group, so that the required solid circular light spots or hollow annular light spots with any duty ratio can be obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conical straight-surface reflector of a device for performing different hollow or solid light spot cladding by deflecting a focal light path according to an embodiment of the present invention before and after moving up;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a collimating lens group of a device for performing different hollow or solid spot cladding by deflecting a focal distance of an optical path according to an embodiment of the present invention before and after moving up;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 2;
fig. 1-3 reference numbers illustrate: 100. different hollow or solid light spot cladding devices are carried out by deflecting the light path to focus; 1. the laser outputs the optical fiber light outlet; 2. a laser beam; 3. a collimating lens group; 4. an inverted conical focused beam; 5. a conical straight mirror; 6. a circular cone straight surface reflector; 7. an annular focused beam; 8. powder bunching; 9. cladding nozzle; 10. a first front hollow annular light spot; 11. a first rear hollow annular light spot; 12. a first front center ring; 13. a first rear central ring; 14. a first anterior maximum solid circular spot; 15. first rear largest solid circular spot; 16. a first front smallest solid circular spot; 17. first rear smallest solid circular spot; 18. a second front hollow annular light spot; 19. a second rear hollow annular light spot; 20. a second smallest solid circular spot; 21. second smallest solid circular spot; 22. a second front center ring; 23. a second rear central ring; 24. second anterior largest solid circular spot; 25. second largest solid circular spot.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a focusing device for coaxial powder feeding in light of the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a drawing showing reference numerals: 1. the laser outputs the optical fiber light outlet; 2. a laser beam; 3. a collimating lens; 4. a cylindrical collimated beam; 5. a toroidal conical parabolic reflector; 6. a conical straight mirror; 7. a ring cone focusing beam; 8. a powder spraying port; 9. powder bunching; 10. a focal point; 11. a working surface; 12. large defocused surface.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a cladding device capable of obtaining a required solid circular light spot or a hollow annular light spot with any duty ratio and performing different hollow or solid light spots by focusing the light path, and a using method thereof.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides an apparatus 100 for performing different hollow or solid spot cladding by focusing an optical path, including: the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 is connected with the laser, and the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 is a terminal of an output optical fiber outlet; the collimating lens group 3 is arranged right below the output optical fiber light outlet 1 of the laser, and the distance from the output optical fiber light outlet 1 of the laser to the collimating lens group 3 is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group 3; the conical straight-surface reflector 5 is arranged right below the collimating lens group 3; the circular cone straight-surface reflector 6, the circular cone straight-surface reflector 6 and the circular cone straight-surface reflector 5 are coaxially arranged, the circular cone straight-surface reflector 6 is in a surrounding shape relative to the circular cone straight-surface reflector 5, the reflecting surfaces of the circular cone straight-surface reflector 6 and the circular cone straight-surface reflector 5 are opposite along the direction of 360 degrees in the circumferential direction, the divergent light beam emitted from the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 reaches the collimating lens group 3, when the distance from the collimating lens group 3 to the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 is respectively equal to, more than or less than the collimating focal length, the light beam passing through the collimating lens group is respectively changed into parallel light beam, convergent focused light beam or divergent light beam, the convergent focused light beam is reflected to the circular cone straight-surface reflector 6 through the circular cone straight-surface reflector 5 to be a circular cone focused light beam, for the circular cone straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular cone straight-surface reflector 6 with different cone angles and sizes, the circular cone conical focused light beam can be focused into a focal circle before reaching the optical axis, or the focus is focused on the optical axis, or the focus is focused into a focus circle after the optical axis is intersected and deviates from the optical axis; and the cladding nozzle 9 is arranged right below the conical straight-surface reflector 5, and a powder outlet of the cladding nozzle 9 is opposite to the working surface. The light path focusing cladding device 100 provided by this embodiment can obtain a required solid circular light spot or a hollow annular light spot with any duty ratio.
In this embodiment, the collimating lens group 3 includes at least one collimating lens. In the present embodiment, specifically, the collimating lens group 3 includes one collimating lens. In a specific use process, the number of the collimating lenses is selected according to actual needs.
The use method of the device 100 for performing cladding on different hollow or solid light spots by deflecting the optical path to focus provided by the embodiment includes the following steps: the relative positions of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular conical straight-surface reflector 6 are adjusted along the optical axis direction of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular conical straight-surface reflector 6, and/or the relative positions of the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 and the collimating lens group 3 are adjusted along the optical axis direction of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular conical straight-surface reflector 6 on the basis that the distance from the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 to the collimating lens group 3 is larger than the focal length of the collimating lens group 3.
In the specific use process of the optical path deflection focusing cladding device 100 for performing different hollow or solid light spots, the distance from the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 to the collimating lens group 3 is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group 3, so that a laser beam 2 with a certain angle emitted from the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 passes through the collimating lens group 3 and then becomes an inverted cone-shaped focused beam 4 with a deflection angle a, the inverted cone-shaped focused beam 4 is reflected by the cone-shaped straight surface reflector 5 and the ring-shaped cone-shaped straight surface reflector 6 to form an annular focused beam 7, the focus of the annular focused beam 7 can be on the axis of the ring-shaped cone-shaped straight surface reflector 6, or can form a hollow circular ring around the axis of the ring-shaped cone-shaped straight surface reflector 6 at a distance away from the axis of the ring-shaped cone-shaped straight surface reflector 6. And a solid circular light spot is formed at the overlapped part of the annular focusing light beams 7 above the hollow circular ring, the largest solid circular light spot is positioned at the crossed part of the uppermost annular focusing light beam 7 on the left side and the uppermost annular focusing light beam 7 on the right side, namely when the annular focusing light beam 7 on the left side and the annular focusing light beam 7 on the right side are contacted in the horizontal plane, the smallest solid circular light spot is positioned at the crossed part of the lowermost annular focusing light beam 7 on the left side and the uppermost annular focusing light beam 7 on the right side, namely when the annular focusing light beam 7 on the left side and the annular focusing light beam 7 on the right side are completely overlapped in the horizontal plane. The minimum overlapping solid light, the maximum butt joint solid light or the annular light with different duty ratios in different sizes can be obtained on the section of the optical axis correspondingly by changing the focusing light beam and the focal point position by moving the relative position of the conical straight surface reflector 5 and the annular conical straight surface reflector 6 and/or changing the defocusing amount and the focusing focal length by moving the relative position of the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 and the collimation transmission mirror.
When the relative positions of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular conical straight-surface reflector 6 are adjusted along the optical axis direction of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular conical straight-surface reflector 6, the relative positions of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular conical straight-surface reflector 6 are changed because the length from the focal point of the inverted conical focusing beam 4 to the collimating lens is a fixed value, and the focal point position of the circular focusing beam 7 formed by the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the circular conical straight-surface reflector 6 can be adjusted. In this embodiment, specifically, the focal position is adjusted by moving the position of the conical straight surface reflector 5, as shown in fig. 1, the annular focused light beam 7 before upward shift in fig. 1 is indicated by a dotted line, the annular focused light beam 7 after upward shift is indicated by a dot-dash line, and the corresponding central ring before upward shift is the first front central ring 12, the central ring after upward shift is the first rear central ring 13, the maximum solid circular spot before upward shift is the first front maximum solid circular spot 14, the maximum solid circular spot after upward shift is the first rear maximum solid circular spot 15, the minimum solid circular spot before upward shift is the first front minimum solid circular spot 16, the minimum solid circular spot after upward shift is the first rear minimum solid circular spot 17, the hollow circular spot before upward shift is the first front hollow circular spot 10, and the hollow circular spot after upward shift is the first rear hollow circular spot 11.
When the relative distance between the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 and the collimating lens group 3 is larger than the focal length of the collimating lens group 3, the relative position between the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 and the collimating lens group 3 is adjusted by moving along the optical axis direction of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the annular conical straight-surface reflector 6, the object distance is changed by changing the distance between the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 and the collimating lens group 3, the size of the deflection angle of the inverted conical focusing beam 4 and the focal length position of the inverted conical focusing beam 4 can be adjusted, and the distance between the focus of the annular focusing beam 7 and the collimating lens group 3 can be adjusted to be the image distance. Since the position of the output fiber light exit 1 of the laser is inconvenient to adjust, in this embodiment, specifically, the focal position is adjusted by moving the position of the collimating lens group 3, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the ring-shaped focused light beam 7 located at the lowest position before the upward shift in fig. 2 and 3 is indicated by a dot-dash line, the ring-shaped focused light beam 7 located at the lowest position after the upward shift is indicated by a dashed line, and the corresponding central ring before the upward shift is the second front central ring 22, the central ring after the upward shift is the second rear central ring 23, the maximum solid circular spot before the upward shift is the second front maximum solid circular spot 24, the maximum solid circular spot after the upward shift is the second rear maximum solid circular spot 25, the minimum solid circular spot before the upward shift is the second front minimum solid circular spot 20, the minimum solid circular spot after the upward shift is the second rear minimum solid circular spot 21, and the hollow circular spot before the upward shift is the second front hollow circular spot 18, the hollow annular light spot after the upward shift is the second rear hollow annular light spot 19.
In the optical path system composed of the collimating lens group 3+ the conical straight-surface reflector 5+ the annular conical straight-surface reflector 6 provided by this embodiment, the collimating lens group 3 is located at an out-of-focus position, so that divergent light of the laser output optical fiber light outlet 1 can be focused after being transmitted, the projected focused light is secondarily reflected by the extended beam of the conical straight-surface reflector 5 and the annular conical straight-surface reflector 6, so that an annular focused light beam 7 can be obtained, the focal point of the annular focused light beam 7 is not designed on the optical axis through optical path calculation, but passes through the other side edge of the optical axis, the annular focused light beam 7 is intersected on a section of the optical axis before being focused, maximum and minimum solid light spots and small duty ratio annular light spots can be formed on the section of the optical axis, and the focal point deviates from the optical axis to form a partial focus and form a focal point circle. The working surface is positioned on a solid light spot or an annular light spot with the required size, namely a molten pool, and annular optical inner powder feeding cladding can be carried out. According to the arrangement, the powder beam 8 vertically falls from the cladding nozzle 9 to enter the molten pool, the accuracy is realized, the divergence angle is small, meanwhile, the powder beam 8 is positioned in the annular focusing light beam 7, the interference with the annular focusing light beam 7 is less, the energy loss is less, the full utilization of the laser power is ensured, compared with the traditional powder feeding in the outward direction of the light or the coaxial powder feeding outside the light, the utilization rate of the cladding powder beam 8 is effectively improved, the cladding processing efficiency is improved, and the cladding processing cost is reduced.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that certain terms of orientation or positional relationship are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that "connected" is to be understood broadly, for example, it may be fixed, detachable, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a light path is burnt and is carried out different cavity or solid facula cladding device which characterized in that includes:
the laser output optical fiber light outlet is a terminal of an output optical fiber outlet connected with the laser;
the collimating lens group is arranged right below the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser, and the distance from the output optical fiber light outlet of the laser to the collimating lens group is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group;
the conical straight surface reflector is arranged right below the collimating lens group;
the annular cone straight-surface reflector and the conical straight-surface reflector are coaxially arranged, the annular cone straight-surface reflector is in a surrounding shape relative to the conical straight-surface reflector, and the reflecting surfaces of the annular cone straight-surface reflector and the conical straight-surface reflector are opposite along the circumferential direction of 360 degrees;
the cladding nozzle is arranged right below the conical straight-surface reflector, and a powder outlet of the cladding nozzle is opposite to the working surface.
2. The optical path focusing differential hollow or solid spot cladding device according to claim 1, wherein the collimating lens group comprises at least one collimating lens.
3. Use of the apparatus for optical path focusing to perform different hollow or solid spot cladding according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising the following steps:
the relative position of the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector is adjusted by moving along the optical axis direction of the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector, and/or the relative position of the laser output optical fiber light outlet and the collimating lens group is adjusted by coaxially moving along the optical axis direction of the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector in the interval that the relative distance between the laser output optical fiber light outlet and the collimating lens group is greater than the focal length of the collimating lens group, so that a focused light beam with a correspondingly changed focal length can be obtained behind the collimating lens group, and after being reflected by the conical straight surface reflector and the circular conical straight surface reflector, the focused light beam becomes a coaxial hollow circular conical focused light beam and can begin to converge on the optical axis, and the focal point can deviate from the optical axis and form a circle, the minimum overlapped solid circular light spots, the maximum butted solid circular light spots or the annular light spots with different duty ratios in different sizes can be obtained on different cross sections of the optical axis.
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| CN114959688B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-09-08 | 中机新材料研究院(郑州)有限公司 | Composite ultra-high-speed laser cladding device and cladding method thereof |
| CN115537805A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-12-30 | 苏州大学 | Laser cladding device of adjustable duty cycle on a large scale |
| CN116100153B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-12-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Laser-electric arc coaxial composite machining device, machining system and machining method |
| CN117268287A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2023-12-22 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Contour measuring device and method for internal structure of workpiece |
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