CN212339524U

CN212339524U - Adopt and erect to send and arrange new trend system building

Info

Publication number: CN212339524U
Application number: CN202021347576.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛世山; 吴飞飞; 李成伟; 韦林林; 应小勇; 刘帅帅; 马骥; 王庆伦
Original assignee: SHANGHAI BOHAN THERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: Guangzhou Wan'ermei Engineering Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-10
Filing date: 2020-07-10
Publication date: 2021-01-12
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to a building adopting a vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust system, which adopts an air isolation structure with multiple vertical and horizontal passageways, wherein the building comprises a fresh air distribution layer and a plurality of flat layers, a plurality of air supply and exhaust modules are arranged in the flat layers, the plurality of passageways separate the plurality of air supply and exhaust modules through air, and the air supply and exhaust modules comprise at least one functional space unit; the vertical fresh air supply and exhaust system adopts three-section type three-dimensional air supply and exhaust, comprises a fresh air distribution layer, wherein fresh air is horizontally pressed into the environment and is vertically conveyed by a fresh air vertical shaft, each flat layer of the fresh air expands and replaces dirty air, and each flat layer of the dirty air collects and is vertically exhausted by the vertical shaft, so that the ventilation problems of large-volume and ultra-large-volume buildings, namely the problems of fresh air entering and dirty air exhausting, are solved, and the technical goals of increasing the three-dimensional size of the buildings, increasing the volume of the buildings, reducing the specific surface area and improving the volume ratio are realized.

Description

Adopt and erect to send and arrange new trend system building

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a ventilation technology field in the building, in particular to adopt and erect row new trend system building of sending vertically.

Background

Under the traditional building design specification, the building structural design needs to meet the rigid constraint of natural ventilation lighting indexes.

In order to enable the building to meet the constraint requirement of natural lighting and ventilation, designers must adopt technical measures of multiple discrete buildings, single building thickness reduction, lighting and ventilation structural joints arranged in each building and the like, so that the north-south permeability of the building is realized, the outward window of a kitchen and a toilet is realized, and sufficient natural lighting and ventilation are ensured.

And by adopting the technical measures of multiple separated buildings, the thickness reduction of a single building, the arrangement of a special lighting and ventilating structural joint for each building and the like, the area of the outer vertical surface of each building is inevitably large, the effective building area is small, and the large specific surface area of the building is finally reflected on the index of the specific surface area.

The building group volume ratio is the ratio of the total floor area of the building group to the total floor area, and reflects the space utilization coefficient and the degree of congestion. The specific surface area of a building is the ratio of the total external surface area of the building to the total building area, and is a core index reflecting the energy characteristics and the structural characteristics of the building. The large specific surface area of the building is one of the root causes of large external surface area of the building, large shared external surface area of unit building area of living space, high building energy consumption, high external wall material consumption, complex construction process, low overall volume ratio of building groups and high house price.

A high-price enterprise and a high-energy consumption enterprise of a residential building are two major problems of scaling problems in the real estate industry. The pushing of the high-rate enterprises is the land price, but the volume rate is the hedging factor of the room price, the low volume rate further raises the room price, and the high volume rate lowers the room price.

The energy consumption of the residential building is high, and is related to the performance of wall heat-insulating materials and the performance of residential energy equipment such as air conditioners, but the volume ratio and the specific surface area of the residential building are also hedging factors, and the volume ratio is high, the specific surface area of the residential building is small, so that the surface area of an outer wall shared by the unit building area of a residential space is small, the exchange strength with environmental energy is low, and the energy consumption of the building is low; on the contrary, the volume fraction is low, the specific surface area of the residential building is large, the external wall surface area shared by the unit building area of the residential space is large, the energy exchange intensity with the environment is high, and the building energy consumption is high.

At present, the volume ratio index of a residential group and the specific surface area index of a residential building are constrained by the traditional planning specifications and building design specifications, and the innovative development of the residential building is restricted. The large-span innovation of the residential building technology and the matching technology is promoted, the constraint of the traditional planning specification and the building design specification is broken through, the volume ratio of a building group is greatly improved, the specific surface area of the building is greatly reduced, and the large-scale residential building are not the second choice for solving the two problems of high house price and high energy consumption of the house which are subject to scaling in the real estate industry.

The specific surface area of the building is reduced, the volume ratio is improved, only one road is provided for increasing the three-dimensional size of the building and increasing the quantity of the building objects, and the key for determining whether the road is on or off is the ventilation problem in the building. The ventilation problem of the deep part of the building, namely the problems of fresh air entering and foul air discharging can be solved, and the ideal targets of increasing the three-dimensional scale of the building, increasing the building volume, reducing the specific surface area and improving the volume fraction can be realized.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the ventilation problem in the building, namely the fresh air enters, the dirty air discharges the problem, realize increasing the three-dimensional size of the building, increase the building volume, reduce the specific surface area, technical goal to improve the volume ratio, the utility model provides an adopt and send the vertical fresh air system building of arranging, adopt the air isolation structure in the multilayer of vertical direction, many passageways of horizontal direction, the building includes fresh air distribution layer and several flat beds, the flat bed is equipped with several and send the exhaust module, several passageways send and exhaust between the exhaust module to separate through the air, send the exhaust module to include at least one functional space unit; the new trend system includes:

at least one total air supply outlet is arranged on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer;

the air supply main channel is horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer, and at least one end of the air supply main channel is communicated with the main air supply outlet;

the air supply branch channels are respectively horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer and are communicated with the air supply main channel;

the air supply vertical shafts are respectively vertically arranged in the building and penetrate through the flat floors; the air supply vertical shafts are respectively communicated with the air supply main channel or/and the air supply branch channel of the fresh air distribution layer; a plurality of fresh air ports are formed in the air supply vertical shaft corresponding to each flat layer and communicated with the functional space units in the corresponding flat layers; fresh air modules are respectively arranged on the main air supply outlet or/and the air supply sub-channels, and the air supply vertical shafts are communicated with the main air supply outlet or/and the fresh air modules on the air supply sub-channels to obtain fresh air;

the plurality of air exhaust vertical shafts are respectively vertically arranged in the building and penetrate through the plurality of flat floors; a plurality of air outlets are formed in the air exhaust vertical shaft corresponding to each flat layer and communicated with the functional space units in the corresponding flat layers; the air exhaust vertical shaft is also provided with an outlet which is communicated with the outside of the building.

Preferably, a return air pipe is arranged in the functional space unit, and the return air pipe is communicated with one air outlet of the corresponding flat layer of the air exhaust vertical shaft through an air exhaust pipe or an air exhaust fan.

Preferably, the passageways in the flat layer are respectively communicated with the fresh air port of the air supply vertical shaft and the air outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft corresponding to the flat layer.

Preferably, the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer is provided with the main air supply outlet, one end of the main air supply channel is closed, and the other end of the main air supply channel is communicated with the main air supply outlet.

Preferably, the outer walls of the two opposite sides of the fresh air distribution layer are respectively provided with one total air supply outlet, and two ends of the air supply main channel are respectively communicated with the two total air supply outlets.

Preferably, the opening of the air exhaust vertical shaft is arranged at the top end of the air exhaust vertical shaft.

Preferably, the fresh air distribution layer is arranged at the bottom of the building, and the outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft is arranged at the top end of the air exhaust vertical shaft and is communicated with the outside;

the air supply vertical shaft comprises an upper air supply vertical shaft and a lower air supply vertical shaft which are communicated up and down, and the flow cross section of the upper air supply vertical shaft is smaller than or equal to that of the lower air supply vertical shaft;

the air exhaust vertical shaft comprises an upper air exhaust vertical shaft and a lower air exhaust vertical shaft which are communicated up and down, and the flow cross section of the upper air exhaust vertical shaft is larger than or equal to that of the lower air exhaust vertical shaft.

Preferably, the fresh air distribution layer is arranged at the waist of the building, the outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft is arranged in the middle of the air exhaust vertical shaft, and the outlet is positioned on the fresh air distribution layer and is communicated with the outside;

the air supply vertical shaft comprises an upper air supply vertical shaft and a lower air supply vertical shaft which are communicated up and down;

the air exhaust vertical shaft comprises an upper air exhaust vertical shaft and a lower air exhaust vertical shaft which are communicated up and down.

Preferably, the outlet is also communicated with the exhaust module.

Preferably, the exhaust module comprises an exhaust fan and a heat recovery device, and during operation, dirty air firstly enters the heat recovery device, and after the heat recovery device recovers heat, the dirty air is exhausted to the ambient atmosphere through the exhaust fan.

Preferably, the fresh air module comprises a fresh air fan.

Preferably, the fresh air module comprises a fresh air preprocessing module for preprocessing fresh air.

Preferably, the main air supply outlet is provided with the fresh air module, the fresh air module comprises a shell, a fresh air fan and a fresh air preprocessing module, the shell is fixedly mounted on an outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer, an air inlet cavity is formed in the shell, the air inlet cavity comprises a front part, a middle part and a rear part which are communicated with each other, the fresh air preprocessing module is arranged at the front part of the air inlet cavity, and the front part of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere; the fresh air fan is arranged at the rear part of the air inlet cavity, and the rear part of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the main air supply outlet; the two sides of the shell are respectively and correspondingly provided with an air inlet which corresponds to the middle part of the air inlet cavity, the two air inlets are respectively provided with a door, the two doors can be opened towards the middle part of the air inlet cavity, when the two doors are opened, the front part of the air inlet cavity is separated from the middle part through the two doors, and the air inlets are communicated with the rear part of the air inlet cavity; when the two doors close the two air inlets, the front part of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the middle part.

Preferably, a double air duct is arranged in the air supply branch channel, and two air outlets of the double air duct are communicated with at least one air supply vertical shaft;

the two air inlets of the double air ducts can be opened alternatively through a sliding door;

a fresh air module is arranged in one of the double air ducts.

The utility model does not specifically limit the size of the building, preferably, the building is a large-size or super-large-size building;

the specific surface area of the building is the ratio of the external surface area of the building to the ground building area of the building, and preferably, the specific surface area of the building is 10^-1m²/m²Of the order of 10^-1m²/m²The following orders of magnitude.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following technological effect has:

1. the problem of space interference among an air supply pipe, an exhaust pipe and a construction beam of a fresh air system of the existing building is fundamentally solved, and a three-dimensional efficient building, particularly a fresh air system of a building with large and ultra-large volume is constructed

The existing reinforced concrete buildings are all an assembly of a foundation, a column, a main beam, a secondary beam and a floor slab. In a building construction, the upper part of a partition wall for separating each functional space unit generally corresponds to a structural beam, a main beam or a secondary beam of a building. In order to realize ventilation without blind areas, particularly deep ventilation of buildings, a channel for feeding fresh air and discharging dirty air is constructed, and a bidirectional flow fresh air system formed by combining an air supply pipe and an exhaust pipe is generally adopted; even if the air supply pipe (exhaust pipe) is replaced by public spaces such as a passageway, the exhaust pipe (fresh air pipe) still needs to be arranged.

In the space above each functional unit under the ceiling, the contradiction between the construction beam and the exhaust duct (fresh air duct) is difficult to reconcile: if the exhaust pipe passes through the opening on the structural beam, the strength of the structural beam is reduced due to the opening; if the exhaust pipe sinks to bypass the structural beam, the suspended ceiling is pressed down, and excessive upper space is occupied; especially in large-scale and ultra-large-scale buildings, the fresh air replacement amount is increased due to the expansion of the flat floor area, so that the section of the exhaust pipe is enlarged, and the problem that the large-section exhaust pipe and the structural beam space interfere with each other is difficult to reconcile.

The utility model discloses a vertical direction multilayer, the air isolation structure in many passageways of horizontal direction, carry out to send the three-dimensional air supply of vertical row syllogic to air exhaust vertically, including fresh air delivery layer fresh air level impress with the building in the vertical transport of fresh air shaft, the built-in dirty air that trades of each flat function space unit of fresh air, the dirty air of each flat collects outside the shaft of airing exhaust discharges to the building, fresh air current flows in, dirty air discharge path is three-dimensional to be set up, it is smooth and easy to organize, current building fresh air system blast pipe has been solved fundamentally, the space interference problem between exhaust pipe and the structure roof beam three, three-dimensional efficient building especially the big volume has been found, super large size building fresh air system.

2. Provides basic conditions for the construction and operation of 'double-low double-super' special buildings with extremely low specific surface area, extremely low energy consumption, ultrahigh volume ratio and extremely large volume

The utility model relates to a building adopting a vertical-conveying and vertical-exhausting fresh air system, which adopts an air isolation type physical structure of a vertical multilayer parallel multi-air passage, wherein a plurality of flat layers are arranged in the vertical direction, and each flat layer is provided with a plurality of air passages, so that the vertical temperature gradient and the transverse temperature gradient of the building are reduced to be extremely low, and a summer cold core and a winter hot core of the building are constructed; namely, a cubic or nearly cubic outline layout 'double-low double-super' building with the characteristics of extremely low specific surface area, extremely low energy consumption, ultrahigh volume ratio and extremely large volume is adopted, so that the index of the specific surface area of the building is extremely low, and the external surface area of the building which is uniformly shared by the internal unit building area can be reduced to 10^-1m²/m²The magnitude of the energy-saving effect is reduced to below 1/10 corresponding indexes of a common building house, the energy exchange strength between the unit building area and the external environment is greatly reduced, the energy-saving property is very excellent, the air-conditioning refrigeration load in summer and the air-conditioning heating load in winter are reduced by more than 3/4 compared with the common building, the energy-saving range and effect are greatly reduced, and the energy-saving range and effect obtained by improving the heat insulation performance of the far-from-building material and the performance of the air-conditioning heating and ventilation equipment can be expected.

The utility model relates to an adopt to erect and send vertical ventilation new trend system building and adopt the cube promptly or be close the two super buildings of the two low of cube outline overall arrangement, still have outer facade architectural decoration material consumption and reduce by a wide margin, building structure intensity shock strength improves by a wide margin, the important advantage that construction process complexity reduces, construction cycle shortens.

The utility model relates to an air isolation type physical structure of a vertical multi-layer flat multi-air passage, which adopts a vertical fresh air supply and discharge system building with a plurality of flat layers arranged in the vertical direction and a plurality of air passages arranged on each flat layer, adopts two sets of vertical shaft three-dimensional air supply and discharge, is a feasible and reliable technical path and technical scheme of a fresh air system of a double-low double-super building, fundamentally solves the core problem of fresh air introduction and foul air discharge which must be solved by the design and construction operation of a large-volume super-large-volume building, and provides basic supporting conditions for the construction operation and popularization of the large-volume super-large-volume building with the characteristics of saving land and material greatly, in particular the popularization of high-density high-housing-price areas and high-latitude cold areas, thereby providing basic supporting conditions which influence the evolution of human-natural relations and changing the living states of people and effectively promoting the integration of production, and will change the basic business state, basic pattern and basic appearance of the urban real estate industry.

3. The safety guarantee level of the fresh air system of the building is improved

How to lead the pretreated clean fresh air not to be mixed with other harmful substances and not to be polluted before being sent into each functional space unit of each layer of the building is a major problem of the design of a fresh air system.

The utility model discloses a set up building new trend delivery layer and with a plurality of mouthful air supply shaft of new trend delivery layer intercommunication, implement the multiple spot malleation air supply to each flat bed, each function space unit of each layer each point is directly sent into to the new trend, has stopped various pollution sources pollutant from technique and material aspect and has sneaked into, leak into the possibility of new trend system, has guaranteed new trend production, the closure of carrying, reliability and security, has improved the safety guarantee level of building new trend system.

The utility model discloses implement the multiple spot malleation air supply to each flat bed, each function space unit of each layer each point is directly sent into to the new trend, has still promoted the fire control emergency capacity of building by a wide margin: when a certain region of a certain flat layer of a building has a fire disaster and other safety incidents, people in the fire disaster region can enter a safety region as long as entering a functional space unit close to the positive pressure air supply shaft, and the people do not need to cover the face and the nose by wet towels or even feel life danger and get down the rope, so that the people can wait for rescue at rest, and the fire fighting emergency capacity of the building is greatly improved.

4. The indexes of the secondary climate conditions inside the building are superior to those of the natural environment

The judgment of the value of artificial secondary environment is better than the original ecological environment in terms of specific single living conditions of human beings, and is verified for many times: the concrete multi-storey high-rise residence is superior to a cave, tap water is superior to original ecological river water and underground water, and a flushing closestool is superior to a latrine; particularly, after energy technologies such as manual fire taking, air conditioning and the like are available, food cooked at high temperature is superior to taomao blood drinking, semiconductor illumination is superior to solar radiation, air conditioning wind after cooling and dehumidification in summer is superior to ambient hot wind, and floor heating in winter is superior to field bonfire.

A space is a living room as long as the space can shield wind and rain, can provide clean fresh air, proper illumination, clean drinking water and sanitary hot water, stable electric power and network signals, and can smoothly discharge dirty air, excrement and garbage.

The utility model adopts the fresh air system of the shaft air supply shaft for air exhaust, the fresh air replacement and dirty air exhaust effects of each functional space unit of each layer point all reach the extreme, thereby the indexes of air temperature and humidity, oxygen content, cleanliness and the like in the secondary climate environment in the buildings with large and ultra-large volume are all superior to the primary natural environment; furthermore, the house in the building has no mosquito trouble from the nature, and can introduce new house technical products such as outdoor live-action images, airflow closed-loop circulation dehumidification type drying heat pumps, gas-free electric kitchens, semiconductor cold light source lighting and the like, thereby creating secondary climate conditions and living conditions which are originated from the natural environment and are higher than the natural environment.

Of course, it is not necessary for any particular product to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a building adopting a vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fresh air distribution layer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the flow of gas in the flat floors of a building adopting a vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the air flow in the air supply and exhaust module according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another fresh air distribution layer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third fresh air distribution layer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fresh air distribution channel in a third fresh air distribution layer according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the cross section of the air supply shaft and the air exhaust shaft provided by the preferred embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat recovery device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the fresh air module provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which can provide two modes of air-conditioned fresh air and natural fresh air.

Detailed Description

The following will refer to fig. 1 to 11 for a detailed description of a building adopting a vertical fresh air system, which is provided by the present invention, and this embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify and color the building without changing the spirit and content of the present invention.

Example 1

The utility model relates to an adopt to erect and send new trend system building of arranging adopts vertical direction to set up a plurality of flat beds, every flat bed to set up the air isolated form physical structure in the vertical multilayer flat to many air passageways in many air passageways, derives from the utility model discloses "building specific surface area" and two building physics concepts of "two low two super buildings" of refining.

The utility model defines the ' specific surface area of the building ' as the ratio of the external surface area of the building to the ground building area of the building ' and essentially is the external surface area of the single building area of the building with the unit of m²/m²The energy-saving building is a dimensionless physical quantity which can be used as a core index for reflecting the energy characteristics and the structural characteristics of the building; the specific surface area of the building is large, so that the external surface area of the single building area of the building is large, the building energy consumption is high, the consumption of external wall materials is high, the construction process is complex, and the overall volume ratio of a building group is low; on the contrary, the specific surface area of the building is small, the external surface area shared by the unit building area is small, the building energy consumption is low, the consumption of external wall materials is low, the construction process is relatively simple, and the building volume ratio is high.

If the specific surface area as building energy characteristic, structural characteristic core index is extremely low, then the building still generally has the characteristics of extremely low energy consumption, super high volume ratio, super large volume simultaneously, the utility model discloses define this kind of building as "two low two super buildings".

The common building has a cuboid outline and three-dimensional sizes of length, width and height. Taking a special case of cubic bodies in the cuboid as an example, the indexes of the specific surface area of cubic buildings with different scales are listed as follows

The above table indicates that the specific surface area of a cubic building is inversely proportional to the first square of the side length, and when the side length is increased from 3m to 30m and 300m, respectively, the specific surface area is from 6.0m²/m²Respectively reduced to 0.6 and 0.06m²/m²。

The specific surface area of a building, which is the ratio of the total external surface area of the building to the total building area, is the building interior unit building area (1 m)²) The specific surface area is the physical quantity of the building reflecting the energy characteristic and the structure characteristic of the building. The lower this value, the better, the lower the specific surface area the weaker the energy exchange strength of the building interior space with the environment; however, the low value requires a large building size; since the total building surface area is proportional to the square of the building linearity and the total building area is proportional to the third power of the linearity, the specific surface area, which is the ratio of the total building surface area to the total building area, is inversely proportional to the first power of the linearity: the specific surface area is low when the building linearity is large; the building linearity is small, and the specific surface area is high.

Under the current technical conditions, the specific surface area of a common building is 1.0m²/m²Magnitude; when the specific surface area of the building is reduced to 10^-1m²/m²Of order of magnitude, i.e. 1m²The internal building area is only shared by 0.1m²And when the surface is of a certain magnitude, the material has the structural characteristics and energy characteristics of ultrahigh volume rate, ultra-large quantity and extremely low energy consumption.

The utility model relates to a building adopting a vertical-conveying vertical-exhausting fresh air system, which adopts an air isolation type physical structure of a vertical multilayer horizontal multi-air passage, wherein a plurality of flat layers are arranged in the vertical direction, and each flat layer is provided with a plurality of air passages, and starts from two concepts of building specific surface area and double-low double super buildings, breaks through the existing building design specifications, adopts an excellent artificial ventilation technology to replace the traditional natural ventilation, solves the ventilation problem of buildings with large volume and super large volume, the method solves the problems of fresh air entering and dirty air exhausting, achieves the technical aims of increasing the three-dimensional scale of the building, increasing the building volume, reducing the specific surface area and improving the volume ratio, realizes the design and construction of the building with extremely low specific surface area, extremely low energy consumption, ultrahigh volume ratio and ultra-large volume, and realizes the expected accessibility of the green houses required by ordinary families under the background of high land price.

The utility model provides an adopt to send vertical row new trend system building vertically, adopt vertical direction to set up a plurality of flat beds, every flat bed sets up the air isolated form physical structure in the vertical multilayer parallel multi-air passageway in many air passageways of many air passageways, carry out to send vertical row syllogic three-dimensional air supply to air exhaust vertically, including the new trend level impress and collect the vertical shaft vertical discharge by the vertical transport of new trend shaft, each flat bed extension displacement foul air of new trend, each flat bed foul air, concrete structure as follows:

referring to fig. 1 to 5, the building is a massive or super massive building, and the specific surface area of the building is 10^-1m²/m²Of the order of 10^-1m²/m²The air supply and exhaust system comprises a fresh air distribution layer and a plurality of flat layers 1, wherein the fresh air distribution layer is a flat layer which is specially used for distributing fresh air in a building, a plurality of air supply and exhaust modules are arranged in the flat layers 1, a plurality of passageways filled with air are arranged between the air supply and exhaust modules, namely the air supply and exhaust modules are separated by air, and each air supply and exhaust module comprises at least one functional space unit 11. The building may be a residential house, an office building, a hotel, or the like, and is not limited thereto, and therefore, the functional space unit 11 may be an office, a conference room, a storeroom, a reading room, a laboratory, a rest room, a house, or the like;

the new trend system 2 includes:

the air supply main channel 24 is horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer, and at least one end of the air supply main channel is communicated with the main air supply outlet;

the air supply sub-channels 25 are respectively horizontally arranged in the fresh air distribution layer and are communicated with the air supply main channel 24;

a plurality of air supply vertical shafts 22 which are respectively vertically arranged in the building and penetrate through the flat floors 1; the air supply shafts 22 are respectively communicated with the air supply main channel 24 or/and the air supply branch channel 25; a plurality of fresh air ports are formed in the air supply vertical shaft 22 corresponding to the flat floors 1 and communicated with the functional space units 11 in the corresponding flat floors 1; the main air supply outlet or/and the air supply branch channels 25 are respectively provided with a fresh air module, that is, the fresh air module can be arranged on the main air supply outlet, and in this embodiment, the fresh air module arranged on the main air supply outlet is called as a main fresh air module 21; or on a plurality of air supply sub-channels 25, in this embodiment, the fresh air module arranged on the air supply sub-channels 25 is referred to as a fresh air distribution module 29; or can be arranged on the total air supply outlet and the plurality of air supply branch channels 25 at the same time; the setting modes of the three fresh air modules can be set according to actual requirements; the air supply vertical shafts 22 are communicated with a total fresh air module 21 of the total air supply outlet or/and a fresh air distribution module 29 on the air supply branch channels 25 to obtain fresh air;

a plurality of air exhaust vertical shafts 23 which are respectively vertically arranged in the building and penetrate through the flat floors 1; a plurality of air outlets are formed in the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 corresponding to the flat layers 1 and communicated with the functional space units 11 in the corresponding flat layers; the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 is also provided with an outlet which is communicated with the outside of the building;

during fresh air replacement, the fresh air distribution layer sends fresh air into the air supply main channel 24 of the distribution layer in a positive pressure mode, and the fresh air is sent to the air supply vertical shafts 22 in a positive pressure mode through the air supply main channel 24 and/or the air supply branch channels 25; the air supply vertical shafts 22 convey fresh air to fresh air ports of the shafts on each flat layer 1 of the building, and the fresh air is distributed to each flat layer in a multi-point mode and distributed to each functional space unit 11; inside each functional space unit 11, the fresh air pushes dirty air to flow to the air exhaust shaft 23 through the air exhaust port of the air exhaust shaft 23, and finally is exhausted to the outside of the building through the outlet of the air exhaust shaft 23.

In this embodiment, an air return pipe is arranged in the functional space unit 11, and the air return pipe is communicated with one of the air outlets of the corresponding flat layer 1 of the air exhaust shaft 23 through an air exhaust pipe or an air exhaust fan.

The passageways in the flat layer 1 are respectively communicated with the fresh air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft 22 and the air outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 corresponding to the flat layer 1, so that the dirty air in the passageways of the flat layer 1 can be conveniently exhausted out of the building.

In order to reduce the number of the air supply shafts 22 and the air exhaust shafts 23, save materials and destroy the structure of the building as little as possible, in the embodiment, a plurality of functional space units 11 on the same level are a group of air supply and exhaust modules, a passageway is arranged between the air supply and exhaust modules, and each air supply and exhaust module shares one air supply shaft 22 and one air exhaust shaft 23. The utility model discloses do not do the restriction to the number of function space unit 11 in the flat bed 1, can arrange air supply shaft 22 and the shaft 23 of airing exhaust according to the actual position of function space unit 11.

Because the building of this embodiment is a large-volume and ultra-large-volume building, a plurality of functional space units 11 are arranged in each flat layer 1, because these functional space units 11 are distributed in various places in the flat layer 1, in order to meet the requirement that each functional space unit 11 can be communicated with the air supply vertical shaft 22, therefore, in this embodiment, a plurality of air supply vertical shafts 22 are respectively communicated with the air supply main channel 24 and the air supply sub-channel 25, that is, the air supply main channel 24 and the air supply sub-channel 25 are both communicated with the air supply vertical shafts 22, some air supply vertical shafts 22 are communicated with the air supply main channel 24, and the air supply vertical shafts 22 are both provided with air inlets communicated with the air supply main channel 24; the other air supply vertical shafts 22 are respectively communicated with a plurality of air supply branch channels 25, and air inlets communicated with the air supply branch channels 25 are formed in the air supply vertical shafts 22. Of course, the supply shafts 22 can also be connected only to the supply subchannels 25, i.e. only to the supply subchannels 25.

In this embodiment, several air supply and exhaust modules are arranged in rows, such as houses, offices, etc. in the flat floor of the building.

The utility model discloses send the module of airing exhaust to one and include that several function space units do not do the restriction, this embodiment uses the module of airing exhaust to include four function space units as the example, and the vertical shaft 22 of airing exhaust and the vertical shaft 23 of airing exhaust of these four function space unit sharing.

In the embodiment, a building adopting a vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system has a plurality of air isolation layers in the vertical direction; in the horizontal direction, due to the requirement of reducing the radiation range of the air supply and exhaust shaft to reduce the size and distance of the flat-layer air supply and exhaust pipe, 16 air supply and exhaust modules which are combined into a group by four functional space units taking the vertical air supply and exhaust shaft as the center are arranged on each flat layer, the 16 air supply and exhaust modules are mutually independent, and air passages exist among the 16 air supply and exhaust modules, so that an air separation type physical structure with a plurality of vertical multi-layer flat air passages is created; in the air heat exchange process in the building, three modes of air convection heat exchange, heat conduction and heat radiation are all in play, but because the effect of a plurality of air isolation layers of building vertical and a plurality of air isolation passageways of horizontal direction, these three heat transfer modes are all very weak to make the resident family air conditioner energy consumption show and reduce in traditional house.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the four functional space units are connected back to back by a cross shear wall 28, the four functional space units are distributed in four quadrants of the cross shear wall 28, the air supply shaft 22 is disposed in the first quadrant and near the intersection of the cross shear wall 28, and the air exhaust shaft 23 is disposed in the third quadrant and near the intersection of the cross shear wall 28.

Positive pressure fresh air flows into the functional space unit 11 'in the first quadrant from a fresh air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft 22, and pushes dirty air in the functional space unit 11' in the first quadrant to penetrate through the shear wall 28 and be exhausted into the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 through an air exhaust port of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23;

positive pressure fresh air flows into the functional space unit 11' of the first quadrant from a fresh air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft 22, the positive pressure fresh air flows into the walkway through an air outlet on a door frame or a door leaf of the functional space unit 11' of the first quadrant, and dirty air in the walkway is pushed by extrusion to be discharged into the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 from an air outlet on a door frame or a door leaf of the functional space unit 11' ″ of the third quadrant through an air exhaust port of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23;

positive pressure fresh air flows into the functional space unit 11' in the first quadrant from a fresh air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft 22, passes through the shear wall 28 and flows into the functional space unit 11' in the second quadrant, and pushes dirty space in the functional space unit 11' in the second quadrant to pass through the shear wall 28 and be exhausted into the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 through an air exhaust port of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23;

positive pressure fresh air flows into the functional space unit 11' in the first quadrant from a fresh air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft 22, flows into the functional space unit 11' ″ in the third quadrant through the shear wall 28, and pushes dirty space in the functional space unit 11' ″ in the third quadrant to pass through the shear wall 28 and be exhausted into the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 through an air exhaust port of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23;

the positive pressure fresh air flows into the functional space unit 11' of the first quadrant from a fresh air inlet of the air supply shaft 22, passes through the shear wall 28, flows into the functional space unit 11' of the fourth quadrant, and pushes the dirty air in the functional space unit 11' of the fourth quadrant to pass through the shear wall 28 and be exhausted into the air exhaust shaft 23 through an air exhaust port of the air exhaust shaft 23.

As long as the dirty air can be discharged into the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 under the condition that the fresh air is in positive pressure and the dirty air is in negative pressure, the dirty air can be collected to an exhaust pipe through an air return pipe in the air supply and exhaust module, namely, the fresh air pushes the dirty air to flow to an air return pipe suction inlet of each functional space unit; the dirty air is collected to the exhaust pipe through the return air pipe, then collected to enter the exhaust vertical shaft 23, and finally discharged to the outside of the building through the exhaust vertical shaft 23.

The utility model discloses do not do specific restriction to what layer of new trend delivery layer setting at the building, if can set up the bottom at the building, middle part (waist) or upper portion, in this embodiment, use new trend delivery layer to set up the bottom at the building as the example, it is preferred, new trend delivery layer sets up the second floor at the building, and set up on the flange of the outside extension of outer wall on second floor, both can make things convenient for new trend module 21's installation and maintenance, prevent again that the new trend of total air supply opening department from being polluted because of reasons such as upstairs conflagration. In the embodiment, the air exhaust shaft 23 extends from the third floor of the building to the top floor, and the top floor 3 of the building is provided with a plurality of through holes 31 for the air exhaust shaft 23 to pass through; the supply shaft 22 extends from the second floor of the building up to the top floor.

When the fresh air distribution layer is arranged at the bottom of the building, the foul air outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 is arranged at the top of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23, namely the top end of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 penetrates through the top layer of the building, and the top end of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 is provided with an opening and is communicated with the outside.

In this embodiment, air supply main channel 24 can be the passageway that adopts the brick-concrete structure to build, also can be the wind package, and the benefit of adopting the wind package is that the wind package can absorb and eliminate new trend swirl, accomplish new trend static and dynamic pressure conversion, stabilize the new trend wind pressure, consequently, the preferred air supply main channel 24 of this embodiment is the wind package.

In one embodiment, the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer is provided with one total air supply outlet, one end of the main air supply channel 24 is closed, and the other end of the main air supply channel is communicated with the total air supply outlet.

As another embodiment, the two opposite outer walls of the fresh air distribution layer are respectively provided with one of the main air supply outlets, and two ends of the main air supply channel 24 are respectively communicated with the two main air supply outlets. The two main air supply outlets are respectively provided with a fresh air module 21, namely, the embodiment performs north-south opposite feeding (or east-west opposite feeding) and dual-module air supply.

During the new trend replacement, two new trend modules 21 in the south of the new trend delivery layer inhale the new trend from the external environment, and the pressurization is sent into the air supply main channel 24 on this new trend delivery layer after removing dust, and the new trend air current north and south is to advancing, sends the new trend into air supply subchannel 25 to the east west, sends the new trend to a plurality of air supply shafts 22 through air supply main channel 24 and air supply subchannel 25.

Because the two inlets of the fresh air flow enter from north to south, under the condition of the total fresh air quantity required by the fresh air distribution layer, the embodiment also has the advantages of reducing the air flow speed of the air inlet of the air supply main channel 24, reducing the on-way resistance and reducing the power consumption of the fan of the fresh air module 21.

The new trend module 21 belongs to the mature technique in this field, consequently, the utility model discloses do not do specific restriction to it, can select according to actual demand.

As an embodiment, the fresh air module includes a fresh air blower, and the fresh air blower is used for sucking fresh air.

As another embodiment, the fresh air module may further include a fresh air preprocessing module for filtering fresh air besides the fresh air blower, and the fresh air preprocessing module may further include a filtering module for filtering dust, harmful germs, etc. in the air or/and an air conditioning module for cooling down in summer, dehumidifying, heating up in winter, etc. for the air, and specifically may be a filter screen, a coil pipe, an air heat exchanger, etc. for performing operations such as dust removal, air conditioning, etc. on the fresh air entering into the building, and is simultaneously favorable for lifting the fresh air pressure head.

The utility model discloses in, be equipped with the new trend delivery layer 3 that is used for the new trend delivery specially in the building, this new trend delivery layer 3 can distribute the new trend after filtration and cooling dehumidification (heating up) preliminary treatment to the air intake of each air supply shaft, send each flat bed each to send each functional space unit of the module of airing exhaust to by the air supply shaft again, the following delivery mode of enumerating several kinds of differences carries out the detailed description:

(1) integrated distribution

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, a total fresh air module 21 is arranged on the total air supply outlet, and when the fresh air system 2 operates, the total fresh air fan 211 sends fresh air processed by the total fresh air preprocessing module 212 into the air supply main channel 24 of the fresh air distribution layer 3 at a high speed and positive pressure, so as to supply air to the air supply shafts 22 at a plurality of openings at positive pressure; the plurality of air supply vertical shafts 22 convey fresh air to fresh air ports of the air supply vertical shafts 22 on each flat floor 1 of the building, and the fresh air is distributed to each flat floor 1 in a multi-point mode and distributed to each functional space unit 11.

In this embodiment, the air supply vertical shafts 22 are communicated with the air supply main channel 24 and the air supply sub-channels 25, but the air supply vertical shafts 22 may be distributed only on the air supply sub-channels 25, and the air supply vertical shafts 22 are not distributed on the air supply main channel 24.

In this embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 includes a total air supply fan 211 and a total fresh air preprocessing module 212, and when the total fresh air module 21 is turned on, the natural fresh air is preprocessed by the total fresh air preprocessing module 212 and then sent to the air supply main channel 24. In this embodiment, the total fresh air preprocessing module 212 includes an air conditioning module. Further, the total fresh air preprocessing module 212 further includes a filtering module.

(2) Independent delivery

When some air supply shafts 22 do not need to transmit fresh air through the fresh air module (for example, when residents concentrate on functional space units in the air supply and exhaust modules of the respective flat layers of the corresponding air supply shafts 22, the fresh air mode needs to be started by the air supply shafts 22, and when no residents exist in the flat layers corresponding to other air supply shafts 22 and the fresh air does not need to be transmitted through the fresh air module, the fresh air mode does not need to be started by the air supply shafts), the integrated fresh air distribution cannot meet the requirement.

Since the total fresh air module 21 is used for conveying fresh air to all the air supply shafts 22, unnecessary waste is caused when the fresh air is continuously conveyed to the air supply shafts 22 which do not need to provide the fresh air. And when the condition such as air leakage occurs in a certain air supply vertical shaft 22 and needs to be maintained and the total fresh air module 21 needs to be closed, other air supply vertical shafts 22 cannot normally operate.

In order to facilitate management and control of the building, therefore, the plurality of air supply shafts 22 are distributed on the plurality of air supply subchannels 25, please refer to fig. 6, in this embodiment, a fresh air distribution module 29 is arranged on each air supply subchannel 25, so as to facilitate individual management and control of the air supply shafts 22 on the air supply subchannels 25, and facilitate construction and maintenance, that is, when a certain air supply shaft 22 has problems such as air leakage, only the fresh air distribution module 29 corresponding to the air supply shaft 22 needs to be closed, and the fresh air distribution modules 29 on the other air supply subchannels 25 can continue to work. In the embodiment, the fresh air is optionally supplied to one or some of the air supply shafts 22 through the fresh air supply module 29, and the air supply subchannels 25 are independent from one another.

In this embodiment, the arrangement of the plurality of air supply vertical shafts 22 on the air supply subchannel 25 is not limited, and the air supply vertical shafts 22 on the same air supply subchannel 25 all provide fresh air through the fresh air distribution modules 29 on the air supply subchannel 25. In this embodiment, the fresh air distribution module 29 is respectively communicated with the main air supply outlet and the air supply vertical shaft 22 on the same air supply branch channel 25, that is, the air inlet of the fresh air distribution module 29 is communicated with the main air supply outlet, and the air outlet of the fresh air distribution module 29 is communicated with the air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft 22.

In this embodiment, the fresh air distributing module 29 includes a fresh air distributing fan 291 and a fresh air distributing preprocessing module 292, and the fresh air distributing preprocessing module 292 further includes a filtering module 2922 and an air conditioning module 2921.

(3) Mixed delivery

In the embodiment, the two fresh air distribution modes are combined, that is, the total fresh air supply opening is provided with the total fresh air module 21, the air supply branch channel 25 is provided with the fresh air branch module 29, and when fresh air needs to be supplied to all the air supply vertical shafts 22, the total fresh air module 21 is started, and the fresh air branch module 29 is closed; when only part of the air supply vertical shafts 22 need to be supplied with fresh air, the total fresh air module 21 is closed, and the fresh air distribution modules 29 on the corresponding air supply sub-channels 25 are started.

As an embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 only provides natural fresh air, that is, only includes the total fresh air fan 211, and does not include the total fresh air preprocessing module 212, therefore, the fresh air dividing module 29 includes both the fresh air dividing fan 291 and the fresh air dividing preprocessing module 292, on the same air supply branch channel 25, the fresh air dividing module 29 and the air supply vertical shafts 22 are sequentially distributed along the flow direction of the fresh air, and after the place where the air is blown first is taken as the front place and the place where the air is blown back is taken as the back place, all the air supply vertical shafts 22 on the air supply branch channel 25 are located behind the fresh air dividing module 29, that is, the air inlets of the air supply vertical shafts 22 are all communicated with the air outlets of the fresh air dividing module 29, and the air inlets of the fresh air dividing module 29 are communicated with the air supply.

As another embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 can provide both natural fresh air and preprocessed fresh air, in this embodiment, the total fresh air module 21 includes a total fresh air blower 211 and a total fresh air preprocessing module 212, and the total fresh air preprocessing module 212 includes an air conditioning module, so that the total fresh air module 21 can also provide air-conditioned fresh air, and the specific structure is as follows:

referring to fig. 7, the total fresh air module 21 includes a total casing 213, a total fresh air preprocessing module 212 and a total fresh air blower 211, the total casing 213 is fixedly installed on an outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 3, a total air inlet cavity is provided in the total casing 213, the total air inlet cavity includes a front portion 2131, a middle portion 2132 and a rear portion 2133 (in this embodiment, the front and rear are named according to the wind direction, that is, the place where the wind blows first is the front, and the place where the wind blows later is the rear), the total fresh air preprocessing module 212 is disposed at the front portion 2131 of the total air inlet cavity, and the front portion 2131 of the total air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere; the main fresh air fan 211 is arranged at the rear part 2133 of the main air inlet cavity, and the rear part 2133 of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the main air supply outlet; the both sides of total casing 213 correspond respectively and have seted up an wind gap, and this wind gap corresponds total air inlet chamber's middle part 2132, sets up a door 2134 on two wind gaps respectively, and door 2134's door axle 2135 is close to total air inlet chamber's front portion 2131, and two doors 2134 can be opened to total air inlet chamber's middle part 2132, can separate total air inlet chamber's front portion 2131 and middle part 2132 when two doors 2134 are opened: when the two doors 2134 are closed, the air ports on two sides of the main shell 213 are in a closed state, at this time, the middle part 2132 of the main air inlet cavity is respectively communicated with the front part 2131 and the rear part 2133 of the main air inlet cavity, fresh air can only enter from the front part 2131 of the main air inlet cavity, air-conditioning fresh air heated or refrigerated by the main fresh air preprocessing module 212 sequentially passes through the middle part 2132 and the rear part 2133 of the main air inlet cavity and then enters the air supply main channel 24 of the fresh air distribution layer 3, and the air-conditioning fresh air mode is suitable for running in a high-temperature environment in summer and a low-temperature environment in winter. When the two doors 2134 are opened towards the middle part 2132 of the main air inlet cavity, the air ports on the two sides of the main shell 213 are in an open state, at this time, the two doors 2134 separate the front part 2131 and the middle part 2132 of the main air inlet cavity, that is, the middle part 2132 of the main air inlet cavity is communicated with the rear part 2133 of the main air inlet cavity and is not communicated with the front part 2131 of the main air inlet cavity, therefore, natural fresh air does not pass through the main fresh air preprocessing module 212, but directly enters the middle part 2132 of the main air inlet cavity from the air ports on the two sides of the main shell 213, and further enters the air supply main channel 24 of the fresh air distribution layer 3 through the front part 2131 of the main air inlet cavity, and the natural fresh air mode.

Further, the total fresh air preprocessing module 212 of this embodiment may further include a filtering module, and the external natural air filters the filtering module, and then is cooled, dehumidified, or heated by the air conditioning module, and finally enters the air supply main channel 24 through the total fresh air fan 211.

Referring to fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the fresh air diversion module 29 includes a fresh air diversion fan 291 and a fresh air diversion preprocessing module 292, a dual air duct is disposed in the air supply branch channel 25, the dual air duct is disposed in parallel with a first air duct 251 and a second air duct 252 along a horizontal direction, the fresh air diversion module 29 is disposed on one of the air ducts, and the fresh air diversion module 29 is disposed on the first air duct 251 in the present embodiment as an example; the air inlets of the first air channel 251 and the second air channel 252 are alternately opened by a sliding door 253; the air outlets of the two air channels are communicated with at least one air supply vertical shaft 22, namely at least one air supply vertical shaft 22 is positioned behind the two air channels, and the air supply vertical shaft 22 positioned behind the two air channels is communicated with the air supply branch channel 25, so that the air outlets of the two air channels are communicated with the air supply vertical shaft 22 behind the air supply vertical shaft through the air supply branch channel 25 on the same air supply branch channel 25. Of course, the air supply shaft 22 may be disposed in front of the two air ducts, or may not be disposed in front of the two air ducts, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this, and may be set according to the actual household condition. The air supply vertical shaft 22 in front of the air channel can not supply fresh air through the fresh air distribution module 29, and can only supply fresh air through the total fresh air module 21.

When the total fresh air module 21 is in operation, when the two air ports are closed by the two doors 2134 on the total fresh air module 21 and the air inlet of the first air duct 251 is closed by the sliding door 253, the total fresh air module 21 provides conditioned fresh air, the fresh air distribution module 29 does not work, external natural air enters the air supply main channel 24 through the total air supply blower 211 after being pretreated by the total fresh air pretreatment module 212, and the fresh air does not pass through the fresh air distribution module 29 in the air supply sub-channel 25 but directly enters the rear air supply vertical shaft 22 through the second air duct 252.

When the two doors 2134 of the main fresh air module 21 are opened toward the middle 2132 of the main air inlet cavity to open the two air ports, and the sliding door 253 closes the air inlet of the second air duct 252, the main fresh air module 21 provides natural air, the fresh air diversion module 29 is in a working state, the external natural air enters the main air supply channel 24 through the two air ports of the main fresh air module 21 through the positive pressure of the main air supply fan 211, and the fresh air does not pass through the second air duct 252, but is pre-processed by the fresh air diversion module 291 and then is supplied into the rear air supply shaft 22.

The new trend delivery layer is the flat bed that is used for the delivery new trend specially, also can be equipped with a plurality of modules of airing exhaust in the new trend delivery layer, and is a plurality of send to air between the module of airing exhaust through the air passageway isolation, it includes an at least functional space unit to send the module of airing exhaust, be equipped with air intake and air outlet on the functional space unit respectively, the new trend replacement on new trend delivery layer is the same with other each flat bed 1, and here is no longer repeated. Of course, the new trend delivery layer also can only be used for the new trend delivery, does not send the flat bed of airing exhaust the module as being equipped with, the utility model discloses do not specifically limit this, can set for according to actual demand.

The building adopting the vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system has the advantages that:

1. the problem of space interference among an air supply pipe, an exhaust pipe and a construction beam of the fresh air system of the existing building is fundamentally solved, and the fresh air system of the three-dimensional efficient building, particularly the building with large and ultra-large volume, is constructed

The embodiment adopts an air isolation type physical structure of a vertical multi-layer flat multi-air passage with a plurality of flat layers arranged in the vertical direction, each flat layer is provided with a plurality of air passages, vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust in three-section type are realized, fresh air of a fresh air distribution layer is horizontally pressed in and is vertically conveyed by a fresh air shaft in a building, dirty air is replaced in each flat layer function space unit of the fresh air, dirty air of each flat layer is collected to an air exhaust shaft and is exhausted out of the building, fresh air flows in, dirty air exhaust paths are arranged in a three-dimensional mode, the organization is smooth, the problem of space interference among an air supply pipe, an exhaust pipe and a construction beam of a fresh air system of the existing building is fundamentally solved, and the fresh air system of the building with high three-dimensional efficiency, particularly the building with large volume and.

2. Provides foundation support for construction and operation of 'double-low double-super' special buildings with extremely low specific surface area, extremely low energy consumption, ultrahigh volume ratio and extremely large volume

In the embodiment, a building adopting a vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system adopts an air isolation type physical structure of a vertical multilayer horizontal multi-air passage, wherein a plurality of flat layers are arranged in the vertical direction, and a plurality of air passages are arranged on each flat layer, so that the vertical temperature gradient and the transverse temperature gradient of the building are reduced to be extremely low, and a summer cold core and a winter hot core of the building are constructed; namely, a cubic or nearly cubic outline layout 'double-low double-super' building with the characteristics of extremely low specific surface area, extremely low energy consumption, ultrahigh volume ratio and extremely large volume is adopted, so that the index of the specific surface area of the building is extremely low, and the external surface area of the building which is uniformly shared by the internal unit building area can be reduced to 10^-1m²/m²The magnitude of the energy-saving effect is reduced to below 1/10 corresponding indexes of a common building house, the energy exchange strength between the unit building area and the external environment is greatly reduced, the energy-saving property is very excellent, the air-conditioning refrigeration load in summer and the air-conditioning heating load in winter are reduced by more than 3/4 compared with the common building, the energy-saving range and effect are greatly reduced, and the energy-saving range and effect obtained by improving the heat insulation performance of the far-from-building material and the performance of the air-conditioning heating and ventilation equipment can be expected.

The building adopting the vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust system, namely the double-low double-super building adopting the cubic or approximate cubic outline layout, also has the important advantages that the consumption of exterior facade building decoration materials is greatly reduced, the building structural strength and the seismic strength are greatly improved, the construction process complexity is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.

The embodiment of the invention relates to an air isolation type physical structure which adopts a vertical fresh air supply and vertical exhaust system building, adopts a vertical multilayer horizontal multi-air passage with a plurality of flat layers arranged in the vertical direction and a plurality of air passages arranged in each flat layer, adopts two sets of vertical shafts for three-dimensional air supply and exhaust, is a feasible and reliable technical path and technical scheme of a fresh air system of a double-low double-super building, fundamentally solves the core problem of fresh air introduction and dirty air exhaust which must be solved by the design and construction operation of large-volume super large-volume buildings, provides a foundation support for the construction, operation and popularization of the large-volume super-volume buildings with the characteristics of greatly saving land, energy and materials, particularly the popularization of high-density high-housing-price areas and high-latitude cold areas, influences the evolution of human-natural relationship, changes the living and traveling state of people, and forcefully promotes the production and city integration, and will change the basic business state, basic pattern and basic appearance of the urban real estate industry.

This embodiment is through setting up building new trend delivery layer and with a plurality of mouths air supply shaft of new trend delivery layer intercommunication, implements the multiple spot malleation air supply to each flat bed, and the new trend is directly sent into each functional space unit of each layer each point, has stopped various pollution sources pollutant from technology and material aspect and has sneaked into, leak into the possibility of new trend system, has guaranteed new trend production, the closure of carrying, reliability and security, has improved the safety guarantee level of building new trend system.

This embodiment implements the multiple spot malleation air supply to each flat bed, and each functional space unit of each layer each point is directly sent into to the new trend, has still promoted the fire control emergency capacity of building by a wide margin: when a certain region of a certain flat layer of a building has a fire disaster and other safety incidents, people in the fire disaster region can enter the safety region as long as the functional space unit close to the positive pressure air supply well enters the safety region, and the people do not need to cover the face and the nose by wet towels or even feel life danger and get down along the building, so that the people can wait for rescue at rest, and the fire fighting emergency capacity of the building is greatly improved.

In the embodiment, a fresh air system for exhausting air in the vertical shaft air supply vertical shaft is adopted, and fresh air replacement and dirty air exhaust effects of each functional space unit of each layer reach the utmost, so that the indexes of air temperature and humidity, oxygen content, cleanliness and the like in secondary climatic environments in buildings with large and ultra-large quantities are all superior to those in primary natural environments; furthermore, the house in the building has no mosquito trouble from the nature, and can introduce new house technical products such as outdoor live-action images, airflow closed-loop circulation dehumidification type drying heat pumps, gas-free electric kitchens, semiconductor cold light source lighting and the like, thereby creating secondary climate conditions and living conditions which are originated from the natural environment and are higher than the natural environment.

Example 2

The embodiment relates to a specific air-isolated physical structure of a vertical multi-layer horizontal multi-air passageway adopting a vertical fresh air supply and discharge system, and please refer to fig. 1 to 5, which illustrate the energy characteristics of a special building with extremely low specific surface area, extremely low energy consumption, ultrahigh volume rate and ultra-large volume by adopting the vertical fresh air supply and discharge system.

The main parameters of the building adopting the vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system are as follows:

total 17500m²(ii) a The greening rate is 60 percent; ground for building 6988.6m²；

The whole appearance of the building is a nearly right cube, the column spacing of the building structure is 10m in the north-south direction and 7m in the east-west direction; the layer height is 3m, the total layer height above the ground is 40 layers and 120m, the south-north side length of the flat layer is 84.2m, the east-west side length is 83m, and the total area of the flat layer is 6988.6m²(ii) a Total building area 33.3 ten thousand meters²(two-layer basement);

each flat layer consists of 4 flat layer modules, and every two sub-modules of southeast, northeast, southwest and northwest use the central passage in the south-north direction as a boundary; each module takes a vertical channel formed by the elevator and the stairs 4 of the module as a center, and comprises 2 groups of 4 rows of 16 houses, including two house types of 8.2m by 7m and 10m by 7 m; a1.8 m transverse air supply duct is separated from a 10m by 7m structural unit, and a 8.2m by 7m small house type is arranged.

The total number of the households is 2560 households; the total number of people is 8960;

the volume ratio is 16.0; total specific surface area 0.195m²/m²；

Fresh air volume: according to 3.5 people per household, each person needs fresh air for 30m per hour³All people do not go out of all worship rooms 24 hours all the day in holidays; the cooking activity is forbidden to use gas only by using an electric heating stove, and the cooking consumption fresh air volume is calculated according to 0.5 times of the human residence fresh air volume; accordingly, the maximum fresh air demand of 24 hours in one flat layer is measured and calculated to be 24.2 ten thousand meters³I.e. 1 km³H; the maximum fresh air demand of the whole 40-storey super-large-volume residential building in 24 hours is 968 ten thousand meters³I.e. 40 ten thousand meters³/h；

Fresh air pretreatment heat load: according to the calculation of the fresh air volume and the calculation of reducing temperature, dehumidifying and reducing 20 ℃ for the fresh air outside the building in summer, heating and increasing the temperature for the fresh air by 20 ℃ in winter, the maximum heat load of the pretreatment of the fresh air required by one flat layer is 67 kw;

according to the cop 3.0 conversion of a refrigerating device (heat pump), the power consumption of each flat fresh air pretreatment is 22.3kw, and the maximum power consumption required by the fresh air pretreatment of the whole building is 892 kw; the highest fresh air pretreatment energy consumption per day is 2.4 kwh; considering the factors of no need of refrigeration dehumidification or heating temperature rise in spring and autumn, away-from-home work of family members and the like, the annual average fresh air energy consumption is less than the upper value of 1/2, namely less than 1.2 kwh/day.

In the building adopting the vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system, the energy consumption of the air conditioner of a household is reduced besides the energy consumption of fresh air pretreatment in the operation process.

In the present embodiment, a building adopting a vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and a plurality of air isolation layers exist in a vertical direction; in the horizontal direction, due to the requirement of reducing the radiation range of the air supply and exhaust shaft to reduce the size and distance of the flat-layer air supply and exhaust pipe, 16 air supply and exhaust modules which are combined into a group by four functional space units with the vertical air supply and exhaust shaft as the center are arranged on each flat layer, the 16 air supply and exhaust modules are mutually independent, and air passages exist among the 16 air supply and exhaust modules, so that an air separation type physical structure with vertical multilayer flat multi-air passages is created; in this embodiment air heat exchange process, the three kinds of modes of air convection heat transfer, heat conduction and heat radiation are all in the performance, but because the effect in the vertical a plurality of air isolation layer of building and a plurality of air isolation passageways of horizontal direction, these three kinds of heat transfer modes are all very weak to make the resident family air conditioner energy consumption compare and show to reduce in traditional house.

The air convection heat transfer of the embodiment has the advantages that the fresh air volume is still very small relative to the buildings with large volume, and each flat floor has only 1 ten thousand meters³H, i.e. 3m³The air flow speed of the fresh air inlet and the dirty air outlet is high, and the fresh air flow speed of the main space of the building is very low and is only 10^-2The m/s grade is similar to that of air micelles confined in foam holes in a light foam material, the air micelles are in a static or quasi-static state, the speed is approximately zero, and the convective heat transfer of air can be ignored;

the air heat conduction of the embodiment is very weak as the air heat conduction coefficient is 0.024w/mk which is only 4.4% of 0.54w/mk of water at normal temperature; in fact, in terms of heat conduction, air is a poor heat conductor, and various foaming materials such as polyurethane foam boards, wall aerated concrete blocks and even wadded quilt have excellent heat insulation effects which are derived from air bubbles with thermal insulation in the materials;

the air heat radiation of the embodiment is weak in the air heat radiation inside the building, except that strong heat radiation (heat absorption) exists between the building facade and the ambient atmosphere due to large temperature difference in summer and winter.

Based on the analysis, the average annual average fresh air energy consumption of the building adopting the vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system is less than 1.2 kwh/day; meanwhile, the embodiment adopts a super large-volume nearly orthocubic structure, so that the energy-saving effect of the building with the extremely low specific surface area is remarkable; in addition, because the building of the embodiment is provided with the plurality of flat layers in the vertical direction and each flat layer is provided with the plurality of air passages, the air isolation type physical structure of the vertical multilayer flat multi-air passage has the advantages that in the operation process, the air heat convection, the heat conduction and the heat radiation in the building are weak, and in sum, the energy exchange between each household and the environment is further reduced; for each resident of each air supply and exhaust module of each flat bed of this embodiment, indoor resident's autologous heat release and cooking heating in winter can compensate the house to the weak heat leakage of environment in order to maintain indoor temperature, summer only need with resident's autologous heat release and cooking heating and extremely low environment leak into heat and remove and can maintain indoor temperature, thereby make this embodiment resident's air conditioner energy consumption compare traditional house and show to reduce more than 3/4, its energy-conserving range and effect, the energy-conserving range and the effect that the adiabatic performance of far away non-building material and the warm equipment performance of air conditioner improve and gain can be looked at its neck back.

Example 3

In this embodiment, the fresh air distribution layer is disposed at the bottom of the building, please refer to fig. 9, an outlet of the air exhaust shaft is disposed at the top end of the air exhaust shaft and penetrates through the top layer of the building to communicate with the outside.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the air supply shaft 22 is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air supply main channel 24 or the air supply sub-channel 25 of the fresh air distribution layer, the air supply shaft 22 includes an upper air supply shaft 221 and a lower air supply shaft 222 which are communicated up and down, the air exhaust shaft 23 includes an upper air exhaust shaft 231 and a lower air exhaust shaft 232 which are communicated up and down, and the air supply shaft 22 and the air exhaust shaft 23 have variable cross-section characteristics:

1. the section of the air supply shaft 222 at the lower part of the building is larger, the section of the air exhaust shaft 232 is smaller, and the fresh air flow is conveyed into each flat layer 1 from bottom to top in the air supply shaft 22, so that the fresh air flow of the lower air supply shaft 222 is larger, and the section of the corresponding lower air supply shaft 222 is also larger, so that the speed and the resistance of the fresh air flow in the section of the shaft are reduced;

because the opening of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 is arranged at the top end of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23, dirty air in each flat layer 1 flows into the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 and is collected upwards to be exhausted out of the building, and because the air flow of the air exhaust of the lower air exhaust vertical shaft 232 is small, the section of the corresponding lower air exhaust vertical shaft 232 is small and is adaptive to the air flow of the air exhaust;

2. the air supply shaft 221 of the upper part of the building has a smaller section and the air exhaust shaft 231 has a larger section

In the process that fresh air flow advances from bottom to top in the air supply vertical shaft 22, part of fresh air is continuously sent to each flat layer 1 at the lower part of the building and reaches the upper part, the fresh air flow in the upper air supply vertical shaft 221 is obviously reduced, the section of the upper air supply vertical shaft 221 is contracted, and the space vacated after the contraction is returned to the owner;

because the exhaust airflow continuously collects the dirty air of each flat layer 1 at the lower part of the building in the process of going from bottom to top in the exhaust vertical shaft 23, the exhaust airflow in the upper exhaust vertical shaft 231 is obviously increased when reaching the upper part, and the section of the upper exhaust vertical shaft 231 is enlarged to reduce the speed and the resistance of the exhaust airflow in the section of the shaft;

in the gas flow conveying pipeline, the on-way resistance of gas flow is related to the type, density, speed, viscosity coefficient, structural size of the pipeline and the like, and the on-way resistance is quite complicated to calculate. However, the on-way resistance of the air flow is always proportional to the square of the air flow velocity and proportional to the first direction of the duct length, and therefore, reducing the air flow velocity becomes the first choice for reducing the power consumption of the transport air flow, i.e., reducing the power of the blower fan. In the embodiment, the variable cross-section technology of the air supply and exhaust shaft is adopted, and according to the changes of fresh air and exhaust air volume along with the height of the shaft, the cross-sectional areas of the upper shaft and the lower shaft of the building are correspondingly adjusted to respond to the changes of the fresh air volume and the exhaust air volume flow, so that the airflow speed in the shaft is stabilized, the airflow resistance along the way is limited, and the floor area is saved.

Example 4

In this embodiment, the new trend layer sets up the waist of building, and a plurality of flat bed 1 are located respectively the upper and lower both ends on new trend layer. In this embodiment, the outlet of the exhaust shaft 23 (the outlet for exhausting the polluted air to the atmosphere) is not arranged at the top, but is arranged at the waist, i.e. the middle position of the building, i.e. the top of the exhaust shaft 23 is closed, and the waist is open, so that the resistance of the air flow for air supply and exhaust in the shaft is greatly reduced, and the power consumption for air supply and exhaust and air transportation is greatly reduced. The plan layout of the fresh air distribution layer and the outlet of the exhaust shaft 23 is shown in fig. 4.

In the gas flow conveying pipeline, the on-way resistance of gas flow is related to the type, density, speed, viscosity coefficient, structural size of the pipeline and the like, and the on-way resistance is quite complicated to calculate. However, the on-way resistance of the air flow is always proportional to the square of the air flow velocity and proportional to the first direction of the duct length, and therefore, reducing the air flow velocity becomes the first choice for reducing the power consumption of the transport air flow, i.e., reducing the power of the blower fan.

In the embodiment, because the fresh air distribution layer is arranged at the waist of the building, the air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft 22 is arranged at the waist of the air supply vertical shaft 22, the outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 is arranged at the waist of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23, fresh air enters from the waist of the building and is conveyed upwards and downwards in the air supply vertical shaft 22 to each flat layer 1, dirty air from each layer is intensively exhausted from the bottom upwards and from the top downwards to the waist in the air exhaust vertical shaft 23, under the condition that the conditions such as the fresh air volume, the air exhaust volume, the vertical shaft structure, the sectional area and the like of each layer are unchanged, the upper and lower vertical shafts for entering and exiting air from the waist are equivalent to parallel conveying, the sectional area of the vertical shafts is increased by 1 time, the speed and the flow are respectively reduced by 50%, the on-way resistance of the air supply and exhaust in.

In this embodiment, the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer is further provided with at least one total air outlet, the fresh air distribution layer is internally provided with a plurality of air exhaust channels 27, and the air exhaust channels 27 are respectively communicated with the outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft 23 and the total air outlet. Still be equipped with the module 26 of airing exhaust on the total air exit, the module 26 of airing exhaust all belongs to the mature technique in this field, consequently, the utility model discloses do not specifically restrict it, can select according to actual demand.

As an example, the exhaust module 26 includes an exhaust fan.

Further, the exhaust module 26 includes a housing and an exhaust fan, the housing is fixedly mounted on an outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer; an exhaust cavity is arranged in the shell, one end of the exhaust cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere, and the other end of the exhaust cavity is communicated with the main exhaust outlet; the air exhaust fan is arranged in the air exhaust cavity. The exhaust fan sucks in the dirty air from the exhaust duct 27 to change the dirty air in the exhaust duct 27 into negative pressure, so as to facilitate the discharge of the dirty air to the outside of the building.

As another embodiment, the exhaust module 26 further includes a heat recovery device, and the dirty air enters the heat recovery device and is exhausted to the ambient atmosphere through the exhaust fan after the heat recovery device recovers heat. The embodiment focuses on heat recovery of the foul air exhausted by the building, and aims to solve the problem of high-energy-efficiency heating and temperature rise of the building by supplementing fresh air in winter. Preferably, the total air supply outlet and the total air exhaust outlet are not arranged on the same side outer wall of the building, and the total air exhaust outlet is far away from the total air supply outlet as much as possible.

Winter exhaust air of a building has a much higher heating value (enthalpy) than winter ambient air because of the higher temperature, particularly humidity, than ambient air.

Looking at the table below, the enthalpy difference between the 1kg humid air exotherms is compared in the presence of two different humid air exotherms without condensate generation: similarly, the temperature reduction and heat release of 1kg of wet air are also in the temperature reduction range of 10 ℃, and two different heat release paths without condensed water are provided, namely, the heat release amount is higher than 102.1% in 20 ℃ 80% → 10 ℃ 100% and 20 ℃ 50% → 10 ℃ 95.21%, which are both contributions of water vapor (humidity).

Comparison table for heat release of 1kg wet air at 10 DEG C

(20℃80％→10℃100％PK20℃50％→10℃95.21％)

The above table shows that the energy density (enthalpy) of the wet air containing water vapor during our life is determined mainly by the humidity, i.e. the water vapor content in the air, rather than the temperature of the air, which is quite unexpected for our experience.

Because of cooking, bathing, breathing of people and animals and the like in the building, the foul air exhausted by the building in winter contains a large amount of water vapor, and according to the analysis, the foul air has the characteristics of high temperature, high humidity and high energy density (high enthalpy value) in unit mass in terms of energy, and is the best source of heat required by fresh air heating and temperature rise during fresh air replacement of the building.

In this embodiment, the heat pump technology is introduced into the fresh air system of the house, and a set of heat recovery device 262 is disposed at the dirty air outlet (the dirty air outlet may be the total air outlet in this embodiment, which is communicated with the waist outlet of the air exhaust shaft, please refer to fig. 9, or may be the top opening of the air exhaust shaft on the top floor of the building in embodiment 3), a fin tube type heat exchange is arranged at the dirty air outlet, the fin tube type heat exchanger is connected with a refrigeration compressor, a throttle valve and a hydrofluoride plate type heat exchanger by pipelines to form a refrigerant closed cycle channel, therefore, a heat carrying system (i.e. a heat pump system and a refrigerating system) is constructed, as shown in fig. 10, large-scale heat carrying is realized between air flow at a foul air exhaust port and hot water by using lower electric energy consumption of a compressor fan and a water pump, and an energy-efficient solution is provided for heating fresh air in winter of a building and producing hot water in toilet and toilet.

Example 5

The new trend module 21 of this embodiment can provide two kinds of modes of air conditioning new trend and natural new trend, and concrete structure is as follows:

referring to fig. 11, the fresh air module 21 includes a housing 213, a fresh air preprocessing module 212 and a fresh air blower 211, the housing 213 is fixedly installed on an outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer 3, an air inlet cavity is provided in the housing 213, the air inlet cavity includes a front portion 2131, a middle portion 2132 and a rear portion 2133 which are communicated with each other, the fresh air preprocessing module 212 is disposed at the front portion 2131 of the air inlet cavity, and the front portion 2131 of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere; the fresh air fan 211 is arranged at the rear part 2133 of the air inlet cavity, and the rear part 2133 of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the main air supply outlet; the two sides of the shell 213 are respectively provided with a tuyere corresponding to the middle part 2132 of the air inlet cavity, the two tuyeres are respectively provided with a door 2134, a door shaft 2135 of the door 2134 is close to the front part 2131 of the air inlet cavity, the two doors 2134 can be opened towards the middle part 2132 of the air inlet cavity, and when the two doors 2134 are opened, the front part 2131 of the air inlet cavity can be separated from the middle part 2132: when the two doors 2134 are closed, the air ports on the two sides of the shell 213 are in a closed state, at this time, the middle part 2132 of the air inlet cavity is respectively communicated with the front part 2131 and the rear part 2133 of the air inlet cavity, fresh air can only enter from the front part 2131 of the air inlet cavity, air-conditioned fresh air which is heated or cooled by the fresh air preprocessing module 212 sequentially passes through the middle part 2132 and the rear part 2133 of the air inlet cavity and then enters the air supply main channel 24 of the fresh air distribution layer 3, and the air-conditioned fresh air mode is suitable for running in a high-temperature environment in summer and a low-temperature environment in winter. When the two doors 2134 are opened towards the middle part 2132 of the air inlet cavity, the air inlets on the two sides of the shell 213 are opened, at this time, the two doors 2134 separate the front part 2131 and the middle part 2132 of the air inlet cavity, namely, the middle part 2132 of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the rear part 2133 of the air inlet cavity and is not communicated with the front part 2131 of the air inlet cavity, therefore, natural fresh air can directly enter the middle part 2132 of the air inlet cavity from the air inlets on the two sides of the shell 213 without passing through the fresh air preprocessing module 212, and further enters the air supply main channel 24 of the fresh air distribution layer 3 through the front part 2131 of the air inlet cavity, and the natural fresh air mode is suitable for operation in spring.

Example 6

The two ends of the air supply main channel 24 of the fresh air distribution layer are respectively provided with a fresh air module A and a fresh air module B, namely, the outer walls of two opposite sides of the fresh air distribution layer are respectively provided with one main air supply outlet, the two ends of the air supply main channel 24 are respectively communicated with the two main air supply outlets, the two main air supply outlets are respectively provided with a fresh air module A and a fresh air module B, and the fresh air module A and the fresh air module B are started under different climatic conditions:

1. one end of the fresh air module A is provided with an air conditioning fresh air module A, the fresh air module A is internally provided with a finned tube heat exchanger, a compressor, a throttle valve, an external heat exchanger and other components which are communicated with the finned tube heat exchanger besides an air inlet and a fresh air fan, the module runs in a high-temperature environment in summer and a low-temperature environment in winter, air conditioning treatment of cooling and dehumidifying in summer and heating and warming in winter is carried out on introduced fresh air, and then the fresh air is pressed into an air supply main channel;

2. the other end is provided with a common fresh air module B, the common fresh air module B does not contain air conditioning equipment for cooling, dehumidifying or heating, and the module runs in spring and autumn and is directly pressed into the air supply main channel 24 after introduced fresh air is filtered.

Claims

1. A building adopting a vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust system is characterized in that an air isolation structure with multiple layers in the vertical direction and multiple passageways in the horizontal direction is adopted, the building comprises a fresh air distribution layer and multiple flat layers, multiple air supply and exhaust modules are arranged in the flat layers, the multiple air supply and exhaust modules are separated by the multiple passageways through air, and each air supply and exhaust module comprises at least one functional space unit; the new trend system includes:

2. The building with vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a return air pipe is provided in the functional space unit, and the return air pipe is communicated with an air outlet of a corresponding flat layer of the air exhaust shaft through an exhaust pipe or an exhaust fan.

3. The building with the vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the passageways in the flat floors are respectively communicated with the fresh air inlet of the air supply vertical shaft and the air outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft corresponding to the flat floors.

4. The building with the vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer is provided with the main air supply outlet, one end of the main air supply channel is closed, and the other end of the main air supply channel is communicated with the main air supply outlet.

5. The building with the vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer walls of the fresh air distribution layer at two opposite sides are respectively provided with one of the main air supply outlets, and two ends of the main air supply channel are respectively communicated with the two main air supply outlets.

6. The building with vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system of claim 1, wherein the fresh air module comprises a fresh air blower.

7. The building with vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system of claim 6, wherein the fresh air module comprises a fresh air pre-processing module for pre-processing fresh air.

8. The building adopting the vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air discharge system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the main air supply outlet is provided with the fresh air module, the fresh air module comprises a shell, a fresh air fan and a fresh air pretreatment module, the shell is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the fresh air distribution layer, an air inlet cavity is formed in the shell, the air inlet cavity comprises a front part, a middle part and a rear part which are communicated, the fresh air pretreatment module is arranged at the front part of the air inlet cavity, and the front part of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere; the fresh air fan is arranged at the rear part of the air inlet cavity, and the rear part of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the main air supply outlet; the two sides of the shell are respectively and correspondingly provided with an air inlet which corresponds to the middle part of the air inlet cavity, the two air inlets are respectively provided with a door, the two doors can be opened towards the middle part of the air inlet cavity, when the two doors are opened, the front part of the air inlet cavity is separated from the middle part through the two doors, and the air inlets are communicated with the rear part of the air inlet cavity; when the two doors close the two air inlets, the front part of the air inlet cavity is communicated with the middle part.

9. The building with the vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust system as claimed in claim 8, wherein a double air duct is arranged in the air supply branch channel, and two air outlets of the double air duct are communicated with at least one air supply vertical shaft;

a fresh air module is arranged in one of the double air ducts.

10. The building adopting the vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fresh air distribution layer is arranged at the bottom of the building, and the outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft is arranged at the top end of the air exhaust vertical shaft and communicated with the outside;

11. The building adopting the vertical air supply and vertical air exhaust system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fresh air distribution layer is arranged at the waist of the building, the outlet of the air exhaust vertical shaft is arranged in the middle of the air exhaust vertical shaft, and the outlet is positioned on the fresh air distribution layer and is communicated with the outside;

12. The building with vertical ventilation and fresh air exhausting system as claimed in claim 10 or 11, wherein the outlet of the ventilation shaft is further communicated with the ventilation module.

13. The building with vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system of claim 12, wherein the air exhaust module comprises an air exhaust fan and a heat recovery device, and in operation, dirty air enters the heat recovery device first, and is exhausted to the outside of the building through the air exhaust fan after the heat recovery device recovers heat.

14. The building with vertical fresh air supply and vertical fresh air exhaust system of claim 1, wherein the building is a large or huge building;

the specific surface area of the building is the ratio of the external surface area of the building to the ground building area of the building, and the specific surface area of the building is 10^-1m²/m²Of the order of 10^-1m²/m²The following orders of magnitude.