CN212161112U

CN212161112U - Plane four-bar mechanism teaching aid

Info

Publication number: CN212161112U
Application number: CN201921584472.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张立霞; 贾同国; 于涛; 王超
Original assignee: Xian Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute
Current assignee: Xian Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute
Priority date: 2019-09-23
Filing date: 2019-09-23
Publication date: 2020-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plane four-bar mechanism teaching aid, which comprises a display stand, wherein a table board of the display stand is fixedly connected with a track which is horizontally arranged, and the track is provided with a first bracket which is vertically arranged; the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are sequentially and closely hinged end to end in the same plane, any one of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod is installed on the first support, the first connecting rod is the shortest rod, the second connecting rod is the longest rod, and the sum of the lengths of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is smaller than the sum of the lengths of the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod. The teaching aid enables students to understand the composition of a typical plane link mechanism in actual production life through visual and visual observation, assembles parts, can understand the difference between different link mechanisms and how to realize different plane link mechanisms, and lays a foundation for learning of 'degree of freedom'; the working principle of the mechanism is deeply understood through actual operation.

Description

Plane four-bar mechanism teaching aid

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical teaching field of mechanical equipment, concretely relates to plane four-bar mechanism teaching aid.

Background

The plane linkage mechanism is a mechanism which is very important in the application of mechanical equipment, and is also an important knowledge point in teaching. When the knowledge point is spoken in the teaching process, the knowledge point is generally explained for students through the assistance of pictures, videos and animations, and a certain effect can be achieved. However, typical application cases in actual production and life, such as radars, sewing machines, oil pumping units in oil extraction (commonly called as "kowtow machines"), train wheel mechanisms and the like, are not easy to move to a classroom, students cannot really feel and experience through actual operation, and only can imagine and understand through observing pictures, videos and animations. Therefore, the understanding is difficult, and the understanding and the calculation of the degree of freedom, which are knowledge points to be learned later, are also difficult.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a four bar linkage in plane teaching aid has solved the problem that does not have typical plane bar linkage teaching aid in the actual teaching, has realized the purpose that the link mechanism in with teaching and the actual production life combines closely.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that the plane four-bar mechanism teaching aid comprises a display platform, wherein a horizontally arranged rail is fixedly connected to the table surface of the display platform, and a vertically arranged first support is arranged on the rail; the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod are sequentially and closely hinged end to end in the same plane, any one of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod is installed on the first support, the first connecting rod is the shortest rod, the second connecting rod is the longest rod, and the sum of the lengths of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is smaller than or equal to the sum of the lengths of the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod.

The utility model is also characterized in that,

the utility model discloses still include the vertical second support of installing on the track, first support is parallel with the second support, and the second connecting rod that the level set up respectively with the upper end rigid coupling of first support and second support, still include radar pot and third support, the one end of the articulated third support of pole body of third connecting rod, the back of radar pot respectively with the other end and the third connecting rod rigid coupling of third support.

The second connecting rod is vertically and fixedly connected to the first support, one end of the first connecting rod, which is close to the second connecting rod, is fixedly connected with the center of the wheel a, and the other end of the first connecting rod is eccentrically connected with the wheel a.

The vertical rigid coupling of second connecting rod is in first support, and the one end that the third connecting rod is close to the second connecting rod has the walking beam along the direction rigid coupling of third connecting rod, and the end-to-end connection horse head of walking beam, horse head are connected with the polished rod eye through the rope, and the polished rod eye is connected with the sucker rod post, and the sucker rod post is connected with piston plate b, and the one end rigid coupling that the fourth connecting rod is close to first connecting rod has the balancing piece.

The length of the first connecting rod is equal to that of the third connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is connected with the upper portion of the first support, the other end of the second connecting rod is connected with the upper portion of the second support, one end, far away from the second connecting rod, of the third connecting rod is hinged with one end of a rod a, the other end of the rod a is fixedly connected with a piston plate a, the piston plate a is installed in a piston cylinder, the piston cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fifth support, the rod a is fixedly connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is located between the third connecting rod and the piston plate a, the sliding block is installed in a track b, the track b is horizontally and fixedly connected to the; one end of the second connecting rod is connected with the center of the wheel b, the other end of the second connecting rod is connected with the center of the wheel c, one end of the first connecting rod, far away from the second connecting rod, is connected with the wheel b in an eccentric mode, and one end of the third connecting rod, far away from the second connecting rod, is connected with the wheel c in an eccentric mode.

The third connecting rod is vertically and fixedly connected to the first support, one end, close to the second connecting rod, of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with a rod c along the direction of the first connecting rod, and the tail end of the rod c is connected with a lifting hook through a rope.

The utility model has the advantages that a set of plane four-bar linkage teaching aid is provided, which can make people understand the composition of typical plane bar linkage in actual production life by visual and visual observation; the parts can be assembled, so that people can understand the difference between different link mechanisms and how to realize different plane link mechanisms, and a foundation is laid for the learning of the degree of freedom; the practical operation of the mechanisms can be realized, and people can understand the working principle of the mechanisms through the practical operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic model structure of a plane four-bar linkage teaching aid of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radar model structure of the plane four-bar linkage teaching aid of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sewing machine model of the plane four-bar linkage teaching aid of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a model structure of a pumping unit of the plane four-bar linkage teaching aid of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a train wheel model structure of the plane four-bar linkage teaching aid of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a crane model structure of the plane four-bar linkage teaching aid of the utility model.

In the figure, 1, a display platform, 2, a rail a, 3, a first support, 4, a second support, 5, a first connecting rod, 6, a second connecting rod, 7, a third connecting rod, 8, a fourth connecting rod, 9, a wheel a, 10, a third support, 11, a radar pan, 12, a horse head, 13, a rope hanger, 14, a rod a, 15, a rail b, 16, a fourth support, 17, a piston plate a, 18, a piston cylinder, 19, a wheel b, 20, a rod c, 21, a lifting hook, 22, a universal wheel, 23, a second plate surface, 24, a sliding block, 25, a wheel c, 26, a fifth support, 27, a sucker rod column, 28, a piston plate b, 29, a walking beam and 30 balance blocks.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A basic model of a plane four-bar linkage teaching aid is shown in figure 1 and comprises a display stand 1, wherein a rail 2 which is horizontally arranged is fixedly connected to the table surface of the display stand 1, and a first support 3 which is vertically arranged is arranged on the rail 2; the device also comprises a first connecting rod 5 (rod AB), a second connecting rod 6 (rod BC), a third connecting rod 7 (rod CD) and a fourth connecting rod 8 (rod DA) which are sequentially and hermetically hinged end to end in the same plane, any one of the first connecting rod 5 (rod AB), the second connecting rod 6 (rod BC), the third connecting rod 7 (rod CD) and the fourth connecting rod 8 (rod DA) is arranged on the first bracket 3, the first connecting rod 5 (rod AB) is the shortest rod, the second connecting rod 6 (rod BC) is the longest rod, the sum of the lengths of the first connecting rod 5 (rod AB) and the second connecting rod 6 (rod BC) is less than or equal to the sum of the lengths of the third connecting rod 7 (rod CD) and the fourth connecting rod 8 (rod DA), the rods AB, BC, the rods CD and the rods DA form a typical plane four-bar mechanism, firstly, when adjacent side rods BC of the shortest rod AB are horizontally fixed on the first bracket AB 3 of figure 1, the rods can continuously move around the end B, the rod CD can swing back and forth within a certain angle range to form a crank and rocker mechanism, the rod AB is a crank, and the rod CD is a rocker; secondly, when the shortest rod AB is horizontally fixed and fixed on the first bracket 3 in the figure 1, the adjacent rods BC and DA can respectively make continuous whole-circle motion around the point B, A to form a double-crank mechanism, and the rods BC and DA are cranks; thirdly, when the rod CD opposite to the shortest rod AB is horizontally fixed on the first bracket 3 in fig. 1 without movement, the rods BC and DA can respectively swing back and forth in a certain angle range around the point B, A to form a double-rocker mechanism, and the rods BC and DA are rockers, which are three basic forms of a typical planar four-rod mechanism. Show stand 1 is supported by 4 pillars, and the universal wheel is all installed to the pillar lower extreme to can move the position as required, the second floor platform is installed to show stand 1 below, and the teaching aid that the demonstration was accomplished can be placed to the second floor platform.

Radar model of four bar linkage teaching aid in plane, as shown in fig. 2, on the basic model of fig. 1, still include vertical second support 4 of installing on track 2, first support 3 is parallel with second support 4, the second connecting rod 6 (pole BC) that the level set up respectively with the upper end rigid coupling of first support 3 and second support 4, second connecting rod 6 (pole BC) is located the below of fourth connecting rod 8 (pole DA), still include radar pot 11 and third support 10, the one end of the articulated third support 10 of pole body of third connecting rod 7 (pole CD), the back of radar pot 11 respectively with the other end of third support 10 and third connecting rod 7 (pole CD) rigid coupling. When pole BC is fixed, form crank rocker mechanism, pole AB is the crank, and pole CD is the rocker, and the dwang AB passes through pole DA for pole CD swings back and forth in certain angle, drives the swing of radar pan 11, thereby makes radar antenna can send and received signal in certain extent.

Sewing machine model of four bar linkage teaching aid in plane, as shown in fig. 3, on the basic model of fig. 1, the vertical rigid coupling of second connecting rod 6 (pole BC) in first support 3, first connecting rod 5 (pole AB) is located the below of third connecting rod (pole CD), first connecting rod 5 (pole AB) is close to the center (the shaft department at center) that the one end rigid coupling of second connecting rod 6 (pole BC) has wheel a9, the other end of first connecting rod 5 (pole AB) is connected with the off-centre of wheel a9 (the shaft of off-centre department), the wheel a9 that drives the sewing machine when pole AB rotates. When pole BC is fixed, form crank rocker mechanism, pole AB is the crank, and pole CD is the rocker, and the people tramples the sewing machine footboard, is equivalent to rocking pole CD, through pole DA for pole AB will drive sewing machine's wheel a9 and rotate as continuous whole week motion, then passes to the sewing machine top through the belt transmission, makes sewing machine can continuous operation.

The oil pumping machine model of plane four-bar linkage teaching aid, as shown in fig. 4, on the basic model of fig. 1, the vertical rigid coupling of second connecting rod 6 (pole BC) in first support 3, first connecting rod 5 (pole AB) is located the below of third connecting rod (pole CD), the one end rigid coupling that third connecting rod 3 is close to second connecting rod 6 (pole BC) has walking beam 29 along the direction rigid coupling of third connecting rod 3, the end-to-end connection horse head 12 of walking beam 29, horse head 12 is connected with polished rod eye 13 through the rope, polished rod eye 13 is connected with rod string 27, rod string 27 is connected with piston board b28, the one end rigid coupling that fourth connecting rod 8 is close to first connecting rod 5 has balancing piece 30. When the rod BC is fixed, a crank rocker mechanism is formed, the rod AB is a crank, the rod CD is a rocker, when the pumping unit works, the rod AB is enabled to do continuous whole-circle motion, the rod CD swings back and forth in a certain angle through the connecting rod AD to drive the walking beam 29 and the horse head 12 to swing, the oil pumping rod column 27 and the piston plate b28 which are hung downwards do vertical reciprocating motion, and oil is pumped out of the oil well.

A train wheel model of a plane four-bar linkage teaching aid is shown in figure 5, on the basic model of figure 1, a first connecting bar 5 (a bar AB) and a third connecting bar 7 (a bar CD) are equal in length, one end of a second connecting bar 6 (the bar AB) is connected with the upper part of a first bracket 3, the other end of the second connecting bar 6 (the bar AB) is connected with the upper part of a second bracket 4, the first connecting bar 5 (the bar AB) is positioned below the third connecting bar 7 (the bar CD), one end of the third connecting bar 7 (the bar CD) far away from the second connecting bar 5 is hinged with one end of a bar a14, the other end of the bar a14 is fixedly connected with a piston plate a17, a piston plate a17 is arranged in a piston cylinder 18, the piston cylinder 5918 is fixedly connected with the upper end of a fifth bracket 26, a14 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 24, the sliding block 24 is positioned between the third connecting bar 7 (the bar CD) and a17, the sliding block 24 is arranged in a track b15, a, the lower end of the fourth bracket 16 is mounted on the rail 2; one end of the second link 6 is connected with the center of the wheel b19, the other end of the second link 6 is connected with the center of the wheel c25, one end of the first link 5 far away from the second link 6 is connected with the eccentric center of the wheel b (19), and one end of the third link 7 far away from the second link 6 is connected with the eccentric center of the wheel c 25. When the rod BC is fixed, a double-crank mechanism is formed, the rod AB and the rod CD are cranks, a power source pushes the piston plate a17 to move left and right along the inner wall of the piston cylinder 18, the piston plate a17 drives the slider 24 to move left and right along the track b15 through the piston rod, further drives the rod a14 and the rod DA to move left and right, the rod CD and the rod AB make continuous full-circle motion, and finally drives the wheel b19 and the wheel c25 to continuously rotate.

A crane model of the plane four-bar linkage teaching aid is shown in fig. 6, on the basic model of fig. 1, a third connecting bar 7 (a bar CD) is vertically fixedly connected to a first support 3, one end of a first connecting bar 5 (a bar AB) close to a second connecting bar 6 (a bar BC) is fixedly connected with a bar c20 along the direction of the first connecting bar 5 (the bar AB), and the tail end of the bar c20 is connected with a lifting hook 21 through a rope. When the rod CD is fixed, a double-rocker mechanism is formed, the rod DA and the rod BC are rockers, the rod AB is driven to move by adjusting the inclination angle of the rod BC, the position of the rod c20 is adjusted, and a weight on the lower lifting hook of the rod c20 is moved to a required position.

Claims

1. The plane four-bar mechanism teaching aid is characterized by comprising a display stand (1), wherein a rail (2) which is horizontally arranged is fixedly connected to the table top of the display stand (1), and a first support (3) which is vertically arranged is mounted on the rail (2);

still include in the coplanar end to end in proper order closed articulated first connecting rod (5), second connecting rod (6), third connecting rod (7) and fourth connecting rod (8), any one connecting rod in first connecting rod (5), second connecting rod (6), third connecting rod (7) and fourth connecting rod (8) install in first support (3), first connecting rod (5) are shortest pole, second connecting rod (6) are the longest pole, the length sum of first connecting rod (5) and second connecting rod (6) is less than or equal to the length sum of third connecting rod (7) and fourth connecting rod (8).

2. The plane four-bar linkage teaching aid as claimed in claim 1, comprising a second support (4) vertically mounted on a track (2), wherein the first support (3) is parallel to the second support (4), the horizontally arranged second connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected with the upper ends of the first support (3) and the second support (4), the plane four-bar linkage teaching aid further comprises a radar pan (11) and a third support (10), a rod body of the third connecting rod (7) is hinged with one end of the third support (10), and the back surface of the radar pan (11) is fixedly connected with the other end of the third support (10) and the third connecting rod (7).

3. The planar four-bar linkage teaching aid according to claim 2, wherein the first connecting rod (5) and the third connecting rod (7) are equal in length, one end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the upper part of the first support (3), the other end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the upper part of the second support (4), one end of the third connecting rod (7) far away from the second connecting rod (6) is hinged with one end of a rod a (14), the other end of the rod a (14) is fixedly connected with a piston plate a (17), the piston plate a (17) is installed in a piston cylinder (18), the piston cylinder (18) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a fifth support (26), the rod a (14) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (24), the sliding block (24) is located between the third connecting rod (7) and the piston plate a (17), and the sliding block (24) is installed in a track b (15), the track b (15) is horizontally and fixedly connected to the upper end of a fourth support (16), and the lower end of the fourth support (16) is installed on the track (2); one end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the center of the wheel b (19), the other end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the center of the wheel c (25), one end, far away from the second connecting rod (6), of the first connecting rod (5) is connected with the wheel b (19) in an eccentric mode, and one end, far away from the second connecting rod (6), of the third connecting rod (7) is connected with the wheel c (25) in an eccentric mode.

4. The planar four-bar linkage teaching aid according to claim 2, wherein the first connecting rod (5) and the third connecting rod (7) are equal in length, one end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the upper part of the first support (3), the other end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the upper part of the second support (4), one end of the third connecting rod (7) far away from the second connecting rod (6) is hinged with one end of a rod a (14), the other end of the rod a (14) is fixedly connected with a piston plate a (17), the piston plate a (17) is installed in a piston cylinder (18), the piston cylinder (18) is fixedly connected with the upper end of a fifth support (26), the rod a (14) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (24), the sliding block (24) is located between the third connecting rod (7) and the piston plate a (17), and the sliding block (24) is installed in a track b (15), the track b (15) is horizontally and fixedly connected to the upper end of a fourth support (16), and the lower end of the fourth support (16) is installed on the track (2); one end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the center of the wheel b (19), the other end of the second connecting rod (6) is connected with the center of the wheel c (25), one end, far away from the second connecting rod (6), of the first connecting rod (5) is connected with the wheel b (19) in an eccentric mode, and one end, far away from the second connecting rod (6), of the third connecting rod (7) is connected with the wheel c (25) in an eccentric mode.

5. A four-bar linkage teaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the second link (6) is vertically fixed to the first support (3), one end of the first link (5) near the second link (6) is fixedly connected to the center of a wheel a (9), and the other end of the first link (5) is eccentrically connected to the wheel a (9).

6. The planar four-bar linkage teaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the second connecting rod (6) is vertically and fixedly connected to the first support (3), one end of the third connecting rod (7) close to the second connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected with a walking beam (29) along the direction of the third connecting rod (7), the tail end of the walking beam (29) is connected with a horse head (12), the horse head (12) is connected with a rope hanger (13) through a rope, the rope hanger (13) is connected with a sucker rod column (27), the sucker rod column is connected with a piston plate b (28), and one end of the fourth connecting rod (8) close to the first connecting rod (5) is fixedly connected with a balance block (30).

7. A planar four-bar linkage teaching aid according to claim 1, wherein the third connecting rod (7) is vertically fixed on the first bracket (3), one end of the first connecting rod (5) close to the second connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected with a rod c (20) along the direction of the first connecting rod (5), and the tail end of the rod c (20) is connected with a lifting hook (21) through a rope.