CN212030636U - Automatic monitoring and compiling system for surface runoff processes of different scales - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring and compiling system for surface runoff processes of different scales Download PDFInfo
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- CN212030636U CN212030636U CN202021015136.7U CN202021015136U CN212030636U CN 212030636 U CN212030636 U CN 212030636U CN 202021015136 U CN202021015136 U CN 202021015136U CN 212030636 U CN212030636 U CN 212030636U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a different yardstick surface runoff process automatic monitoring reorganization system, its structural feature is: the test plot is connected with a slope surface runoff collecting device, and the slope surface runoff collecting device is connected with an automatic slope surface runoff water level monitoring device; distributing a drainage basin surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device on a drainage basin bayonet station; the automatic monitoring system for the slope scale surface runoff process and the automatic monitoring system for the watershed scale surface runoff process are respectively connected with the data transmission and receiving computing device. The utility model has the advantages that: the automatic monitoring and compiling system can collect the surface runoff without a large collecting pool, can measure the surface runoff water level process and the rainfall process, can naturally calculate and compile rainfall characteristic values and runoff characteristic values, can remotely and wirelessly transmit data, and monitors the surface runoff from different scales.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a monitoring system platform belongs to soil and water conservation field, specifically is a different yardstick surface runoff process automatic monitoring reorganization system.
Background
Runoff is the flow of atmospheric precipitation that enters a river, lake or ocean through various paths within a basin.
The traditional surface runoff monitoring device has the following defects that the traditional surface runoff collecting and counting device is quite few, and particularly for a large-scale field experiment slope, a huge collecting barrel needs to be built for collection; the surface runoff is continuously and constantly discharged, and the complete collection of the surface runoff cannot be ensured. The collection statistical device of traditional surface runoff can't gather process data at present, also can't obtain rainfall and runoff producing characteristic value, can't realize long-range wireless transmission technique, can only pass through the on-the-spot download, transmits again, and the efficiency is lower needs the manpower consumption, and only can the single surface runoff condition of measuring small dimension runoff district rank. There is no automatic monitoring and compiling system for surface runoff processes of different scales.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a not yardstick surface runoff process automatic monitoring reorganization system, this automatic monitoring collection system need not big mass flow pond and can gather, can measure surface runoff process data, reachs the rainfall eigenvalue, and realizes long-range wireless transmission technique.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: an automatic monitoring and compiling system for surface runoff processes of different scales comprises an automatic monitoring system for surface runoff processes of slope scales (small scales), an automatic monitoring system for surface runoff processes of drainage basin scales (large scales) and a data transmission and receiving computing device; the method is characterized in that: the automatic monitoring system for the slope scale surface runoff process consists of a test cell, a slope surface runoff collecting device and a slope surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device; the automatic monitoring system for the drainage basin scale surface runoff process comprises a drainage basin bayonet station and an automatic monitoring device for the water level of the drainage basin surface runoff; the test plot is connected with a slope surface runoff collecting device, and the slope surface runoff collecting device is connected with an automatic slope surface runoff water level monitoring device; distributing a drainage basin surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device on a drainage basin bayonet station; the automatic monitoring system for the slope scale surface runoff process and the automatic monitoring system for the watershed scale surface runoff process are respectively connected with the data transmission and receiving computing device.
Furthermore, the test cell comprises enclosing ridges, retaining walls and an underground bottom plate, the enclosing ridges, the retaining walls and the underground bottom plate enclose and block soil of the test cell, the enclosing ridges are arranged at the left end, the right end and the top end of the test cell, the retaining walls are arranged at the lower end of the test cell, and the bottom plate is positioned on the bottommost layer of the soil of the test cell; wherein earth's surface runoff collecting groove is arranged on the top of the retaining wall at the lower end of the test community.
Furthermore, the slope surface runoff collecting device mainly comprises a flow guide pipe and flow collecting barrels, wherein the flow collecting barrels are divided into a surface runoff flow collecting barrel A, a surface runoff flow collecting barrel B and a surface runoff flow collecting barrel C, and the surface runoff flow collecting barrel A, the surface runoff flow collecting barrel B and the surface runoff flow collecting barrel C are longitudinally arranged side by side; the lower port of the draft tube is arranged at a position which is 30cm higher than the bottom of the surface runoff collecting barrel A; A. the B flow collecting barrel is provided with a flow dividing port.
Further, basin bayonet socket station comprises observation room, current-measuring weir, and the basin has a total escape canal: the basin bayonet stations are located at the outlet of the main drainage ditch.
Furthermore, the observation room is built beside the flow measurement weir of the main drainage ditch, the observation room is 4m long, 3.5m wide and 2.5m high, the wall body is of a brick structure, and the top of the observation room is flat; the observation house is mainly used for placing the automatic monitoring device for the surface runoff water level of the drainage basin.
Further, the flow measuring weir is arranged on the main drainage ditch, the length of the flow measuring weir is 9m, the flow measuring weir is divided into three sections, the length of an upstream section is 4.7m, the length of a middle section triangular section weir is 2.8m, the height of the weir is 0.4m, the upstream-downstream slope ratio is 1:2, 1:5, and the length of a downstream section is 1.5 m; the height of the wall bodies on the two sides is 2m, the length of the wall bodies on the two sides is 9m, a mortar stone structure with a trapezoidal section is adopted, the upper width is 0.5m, and the lower width is 0.7 m; the upper width and the lower width of the rectangular weir channel are both 4m, the wall surface and the groove bottom are both coated with mortar, and the bottom and the wall surface are smooth and flat.
Further, the automatic monitoring device for the surface runoff water level of the slope and the automatic monitoring device for the surface runoff water level of the drainage basin have the same structure; the automatic monitoring device consists of a radar water level gauge, a rain gauge, a data acquisition unit and a power supply device; the radar water level gauge and the rain gauge are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit; the radar water level gauge, the rain gauge and the data acquisition unit are respectively connected with the power supply device.
Furthermore, a radar water level gauge of the automatic slope surface runoff water level monitoring device is arranged 20cm above barrel cover round holes of the surface runoff collecting barrel A, the surface runoff collecting barrel B and the surface runoff collecting barrel C, and a rain shielding cover is additionally arranged above the radar water level gauge;
the rainfall gauge cloth is arranged beside a test cell, is arranged by a support, adopts a JD-05 tipping bucket type rainfall gauge, and is provided with a lightning rod at the top end of the support;
the data acquisition device adopts a CSI CR1000 data acquisition device to support analog signals and digital signals, and radar water level gauges of different surface runoff collecting barrels A, B and C are respectively connected with signal ports 1, 2 and 3 of the data acquisition device through data signal lines; the data collector can identify the signal data of different ports so as to distinguish the water levels in different buckets.
Further, a radar water level gauge of the automatic watershed surface runoff water level monitoring device is arranged 2m above a weir crest of a flow measurement weir of the bayonet station, and the center of the channel in the width direction is as high as an observation room; the water level in the current measuring weir is measured out in a non-contact way by the principle of transmitting, reflecting and receiving electromagnetic waves;
the rain gauge cloth is arranged on the roof of an observation room of the bayonet station, a JD-05 tipping bucket rain gauge is adopted, and a lightning rod higher than the rain gauge is arranged beside the rain gauge;
the data acquisition unit adopts a CSI CR1000 data acquisition unit and supports analog signals and digital signals, and the radar water level gauge is respectively connected with a signal port of the data acquisition unit through a data signal line; the data acquired by the data acquisition unit can be stored in the memory card.
Further, the data transmission and receiving computing device comprises a data transmission device DTU and a data receiving automatic computing device.
The data transmission equipment DTU is connected with the data acquisition unit and wirelessly transmits the data transmitted by the data acquisition unit to the data receiving automatic computing device.
The utility model has the advantages that: 1. the huge collecting barrel is needed to be adopted for collecting and measuring surface runoff and interflow generally, so that the device greatly saves cost and space; 2. the difficulty that process data cannot be acquired at present can be solved; the system has the characteristics of simple structure, automation in the whole process, real-time monitoring, programmability, field availability and the like, and can accurately monitor the surface runoff process in real time; 3. the remote transmission can be realized without field downloading; 4. and (4) data automatic arrangement and calculation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the editing system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the editing system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the watershed scale structure of the editing system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the slope surface runoff collecting device of the compilation system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the automatic monitoring device for slope surface runoff water level of the compilation system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flow distribution cell structure of the editing system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a ridge structure of the reorganization system of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the ridge structure of the reorganization system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting groove of the braiding system of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a general drainage ditch of the braiding system of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a general drainage ditch of the braiding system of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a watershed bayonet station of the braiding system of the present invention.
In the figure, a test community 1, a slope surface runoff collecting device 2, a slope surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device 3, a basin bayonet station 4, a basin surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device 5, a ridge 6, a retaining wall 7, an underground bottom plate 8, soil 9, a surface runoff collecting tank 10, a surface runoff collecting tank A11, a surface runoff collecting tank B12, a surface runoff collecting tank C13, a diversion port 14, an observation room 15, a flow measuring weir 16, a main drainage ditch 17, an upstream section 18, a middle triangular section weir 19, a downstream section 20, a radar water level gauge 21, a rain gauge 22, a data acquisition device 23, a data transmission device DTU24, a data receiving automatic calculating device 25, a power supply device 26, a radar water level gauge rain cover 27, a round port 28, a support 29, a lightning rod 30, an isolation strip 31, a confluence port 32, a diversion pipe 33, a barrel cover 34 and a steel ring 35.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: as shown in fig. 1-5, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an automatic monitoring and compiling system for surface runoff processes of different scales comprises an automatic monitoring system for surface runoff processes of slope scales (small scales), an automatic monitoring system for surface runoff processes of drainage basin scales (large scales) and a data transmission and receiving computing device; the method is characterized in that: the automatic monitoring system for the slope scale surface runoff process comprises a test cell 1, a slope surface runoff collecting device 2 and a slope surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device 3; the automatic monitoring system for the drainage basin scale surface runoff process comprises a drainage basin bayonet station 4 and an automatic drainage basin surface runoff water level monitoring device 5.
Wherein the test plot 1 is connected with a slope surface runoff collecting device 2, and the slope surface runoff collecting device 2 is connected with a slope surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device 3; and an automatic drainage basin surface runoff water level monitoring device 5 is arranged on the drainage basin bayonet station 4.
Furthermore, the test community 1 comprises a surrounding ridge 6, a retaining wall 7 and an underground bottom plate 8, the soil 9 of the test community is surrounded and blocked by the surrounding ridge 6, the retaining wall 7 and the underground bottom plate 8, the surrounding ridge 6 is arranged at the left end, the right end and the top end of the test community 1, the retaining wall 7 is arranged at the lower end of the test community 1, and the bottom plate 8 is located at the lowest layer of the soil 9 of the test community.
Wherein the top end of the retaining wall 7 at the lower end of the test community 1 is provided with a surface runoff collecting groove 10.
Further, isolation zones 31 are arranged between the test cell 1 and between the test cell 1 and the outside, and the test cell is a slope; isolation zones 31 of 1.5m width of eremochloa ophiuroides were placed between the different test cells. Centipede grass grows in a creeping manner, rainfall runoff in a test plot is not influenced by a low stature, and drought, flooding and impoverishment resistance are realized. The short lawn increases the surface coverage of the gap, reduces the surface runoff, reduces the splash water drops, greatly reduces the influence of the splash water drops on the test plot, and can be used as a daily observation channel.
Furthermore, the enclosing ridge 6 is made of concrete, a layer of waterproof material is coated on the inner wall of the enclosing ridge, and the top of the enclosing ridge is of an inclined structure. The top 10cm of the enclosing ridge is made into an inclined structure with the slope ratio of 1:1, the inner part is high, the outer part is low, rainwater dropping on the enclosing ridge flows to the outer part, and the error of runoff monitoring is reduced.
Furthermore, the retaining wall 7 is made of concrete, is formed in a cast-in-place one-step mode, is provided with an inner layer subjected to waterproof treatment, ensures seamless seepage prevention, is good in stability and is not prone to cracking. Retaining wall 7 balances the entire test cell, forming a collection section.
Furthermore, the bottom of the surface runoff collecting groove 10 is glazed with tiles or coated with smooth paint to ensure the bottom to be smooth, the bottom of the surface runoff collecting groove is provided with a structure with two sides high and a middle concave, the slope ratio is three percent, the lowest point in the middle of the bottom of the surface runoff collecting groove is provided with a confluence port 32 to ensure that all surface runoff with silt in the surface runoff collecting groove flows out from the confluence port; the confluence port 32 is connected with a draft tube 33, and the draft tube 33 is connected with a surface runoff collecting pool.
Furthermore, the slope surface runoff collecting device 2 mainly comprises a guide pipe 33 and collecting barrels, wherein the collecting barrels are divided into a surface runoff collecting barrel A (11), a surface runoff collecting barrel B (12) and a surface runoff collecting barrel C (13), and the surface runoff collecting barrel A (11), the surface runoff collecting barrel B (12) and the surface runoff collecting barrel C (13) are longitudinally arranged side by side; the lower port of the draft tube 33 is arranged at a position 30cm higher than the bottom of the surface runoff collecting barrel A (11); the surface runoff collecting barrel A and the surface runoff collecting barrel B are provided with a diversion port 14. The base of the surface runoff collecting barrel A is higher than that of the surface runoff collecting barrel B, and the base of the surface runoff collecting barrel B is higher than that of the surface runoff collecting barrel C.
Wherein the caliber of the draft tube 33 is 50 mm; the surface runoff collecting barrel A is provided with 5 or 7 branch ports 14 at the position 50cm high, each branch port has a diameter of 50mm and uniform height, one branch port is connected with the next surface runoff collecting barrel B through a guide pipe, and the rest branch ports are arranged on two sides of the next surface runoff collecting barrel B; the surface runoff collecting barrel A and the shunt tubes are welded and are in seamless fit, flow loss is reduced, the shunt tubes of the surface runoff collecting barrel A are in butt joint with square openings of the surface runoff collecting barrel B, the side length of each square opening is 10cm, and runoff led out by the shunt tubes of the surface runoff collecting barrel A is enabled to completely enter the surface runoff collecting barrel B; 5 or 7 branch ports are arranged at the position of 45cm high of the surface runoff collecting barrel B, each branch port has a diameter of 50mm and is uniform in height, one branch port is connected with the next surface runoff collecting barrel C through a guide pipe, and the rest branch ports are arranged on two sides of the next surface runoff collecting barrel C; the position of the shunt pipe B is lower than that of the shunt pipe A, so that the surface runoff collecting barrel B can guide water into the surface runoff collecting barrel C in time after the surface runoff collecting barrel A is full, and errors are eliminated.
The surface runoff collecting barrel is a stainless steel barrel, a barrel cover 34 is arranged on the barrel, a round opening 28 is formed in the upper end of the barrel cover, and a steel ring 35 is arranged around the round opening; the drum is impermeable, the bottom surface is smooth and flat, and the smooth and flat bottom surface of the surface runoff collecting drum is beneficial to capacity calibration and measurement of a radar water level gauge; the barrel cover prevents rainfall from entering the barrel and generating errors on surface runoff; the round mouth arranged on the round barrel cover 34 is aligned with the radar water level gauge to facilitate the measurement of the radar water level gauge, the steel ring 35 around the round mouth prevents rainwater from dripping on the barrel cover and splashing into the barrel from the round mouth, and the radar water level gauge is additionally provided with a rain shielding cover 27. 10mm of bottom water is placed in the surface runoff collecting barrel, the bottom surface of the surface runoff collecting barrel is possibly uneven, the bottom water is added, the water surface is flat, and the measurement error is reduced; the influence of water surface waves can be reduced, the reflection effect of the bottom surface is improved, and the measuring effect of the radar water level gauge is better.
Further, a radar water level gauge 21 of the automatic slope surface runoff water level monitoring device 3 is arranged 20cm above a circular opening 28 of a cover of the surface runoff collecting barrel A (11), the surface runoff collecting barrel B (12) and the surface runoff collecting barrel C (13), and a rain shielding cover 27 is additionally arranged above the radar water level gauge 21; firstly, in order to protect radar level gauge, secondly in order to prevent that the rainfall from dripping into the cask through the round hole, producing the error. The radar water level gauge measures the water level in the surface runoff collecting barrel in a non-contact way by the principle of transmitting, reflecting and receiving electromagnetic waves; three times of measurement can be carried out within one second, and the average value is taken as a final measurement value, so that errors caused by fluctuation of the water surface are avoided, and the data are more accurate and reliable; a model GDRD56 radar level gauge of the 26GHz pulse type is used.
The rain gauge 22 is arranged beside the test community 1 and is arranged through a support 29, a JD-05 tipping bucket rain gauge is adopted, and a lightning rod 30 is arranged at the top end of the support 29.
The data acquisition unit 23 adopts a CSI CR1000 data acquisition unit to support analog signals and digital signals, and radar water level meters of different surface runoff collecting barrels A, B and C are respectively connected with signal ports No. 1, 2 and 3 of the data acquisition unit through data signal lines; the data collector can identify the signal data of different ports so as to distinguish the water levels in different buckets. The data acquisition device can edit the acquisition frequency, for example, the acquisition frequency is set to be a value measured once in 5 minutes, namely, one data is acquired every 5 minutes, and the requirements of process data at different time intervals can be met by controlling the acquisition frequency; the data acquired by the data acquisition unit can be stored in the memory card.
Further, the watershed bayonet station 4 consists of an observation room 15 and a flow measurement weir 16, and the watershed is provided with a main drainage ditch 17: the watershed bayonet stations 4 are located at the outlet of the general drain 17.
Furthermore, the observation room 15 is built beside the main drainage ditch 17, the observation room is 4m long, 3.5m wide and 2.5m high, the wall body is of a brick structure, and the top of the observation room is flat; the observation room 15 is mainly used for placing the automatic monitoring device 5 for the surface runoff water level of the drainage basin. The rain gauge is placed on the roof, is equipped with fixed bolster pipe in addition at the roof, and the wide center of guide channel sets up the radar fluviograph at the tail end of fixed bolster pipe, contains data line and power supply line in the support pipe and places data collection station, data transmission equipment DTU, power supply unit connection downwards and observe the indoor.
Further, the flow measuring weir 16 is arranged on the general drainage ditch 17, the length of the flow measuring weir is 9m, the flow measuring weir is divided into three sections, the length of an upstream section 21 is 4.7m, the length of a middle section triangular section weir 22 is 2.8m, the weir height is 0.4m, the upstream-downstream slope ratio is 1:2 and 1:5 respectively, and the length of a downstream section 23 is 1.5 m; the height of the wall bodies on the two sides is 2m, the length of the wall bodies on the two sides is 9m, a mortar stone structure with a trapezoidal section is adopted, the upper width is 0.5m, and the lower width is 0.7 m; the upper width and the lower width of the rectangular weir channel are both 4m, the wall surface and the groove bottom are both coated with mortar, and the bottom and the wall surface are smooth and flat.
Further, the automatic slope surface runoff water level monitoring device 3 and the automatic watershed surface runoff water level monitoring device 5 are consistent in structure; the automatic monitoring device is composed of a radar water level gauge 21, a rain gauge 22, a data acquisition unit 23 and a power supply device 26.
The data transmission and reception computing device data transmission apparatus DTU24 and the data reception computing device 25.
The radar water level gauge 21 and the rain gauge 22 are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit 23, the data acquisition unit 23 is connected with the data transmission equipment DTU24, and the data transmission equipment DTU27 is wirelessly connected with the data receiving and calculating device 25; the radar level gauge 21, the rain gauge 22, the data acquisition unit 23 and the data transmission equipment DTU24 are respectively connected with the power supply device 26.
Further, a radar water level gauge 21 of the automatic watershed surface runoff water level monitoring device 5 is arranged 2m above a weir crest of the flow measuring weir 16 of the bayonet station, and the center position of the channel in the width direction is as high as the observation room 15; the water level in the current measuring weir 16 is measured out in a non-contact way by the principle of transmitting-reflecting-receiving electromagnetic waves; the method can carry out three times of measurement within one second, and obtain the average value of the measurement, thereby being beneficial to avoiding errors caused by fluctuation of the water surface and enabling the data to be more accurate and reliable; a model GDRD56 radar level gauge of the 26GHz pulse type is used.
The rain gauge 22 is arranged on the roof of the viewing room 15 of the bayonet station, a JD-05 tipping bucket type rain gauge 25 is adopted, and a lightning rod 30 higher than the rain gauge is arranged beside the rain gauge.
The data acquisition unit 23 adopts a CSI CR1000 data acquisition unit to support analog signals and digital signals, and the radar water level gauge is respectively connected with a signal port of the data acquisition unit through a data signal line; the data acquired by the data acquisition unit can be stored in the memory card. The data collector can edit the collection frequency, for example, the collection frequency is set to be a value measured once in 5 minutes, namely, one data is collected every 5 minutes, and the requirements of process data at different time intervals can be met through controlling the collection frequency.
The data transmission device DTU24 is connected to the data collector 23, and wirelessly transmits the data transmitted by the data collector 23 to the data receiving and computing device 25. The connection between the data transmission device DTU24 and the data collector 23 specifically is: the communication interface of the DTU is generally RS232, and the serial port of the DTU can be connected with the RS232 port of the CR1000 by using an RS232 line. The data transmission specifically comprises the following steps: (1) setting the fixed IP address or domain name of the data receiving computing device 28, and the corresponding communication port, into the DTU; (2) the DTU uses SIM card data flow to access Internet through GPRS/CDMA/3G/4G and other networks provided by mobile operators, and accesses preset IP address and port, thereby realizing uploading data to a data receiving computing device. The data reception computing device 28: that is, a computer for receiving data needs to have a public network fixed IP, and a corresponding communication port needs to be opened in a local area network and mapped to the computer, so that the computer can receive data uploaded by a DTU.
The data receiving and calculating device receives the reading P of the rain gaugei(i moment rain gauge reading), slope surface runoff collecting barrel A water level HAi(i moment reading A barrel water level), surface runoff collecting barrel B water level HBi(i moment reading B barrel water level), surface runoff collecting barrel C water level HCi(i moment reading C barrel water level), basin bayonet water level hi(i water level value of basin bayonet at moment), calculating according to a preset calculation formula, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
and (3) calculating the rainfall: rainfall P-the rainfall reading P of the rain gauge after the end of rainfall2Rain gauge reading P at the beginning of rainfall1And (3) slope surface runoff calculation: qi＝HAi×SA+k×(K×HBi×SB+HCi×SC)
QiI surface runoff at time;
HAi、HBi、HCithe water level values of the earth surface collecting barrels A, B, C are respectively;
SA、SB、SCa, B, C bottom area of surface collection bucket A, B, C bucket;
k is the number of the shunting holes.
Calculating the runoff of the drainage basin surface: wi＝2.2536b×hi 1.5
b, the width of a weir is 4 m;
hiand i, water level value m of the basin bayonet at moment.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic monitoring and compiling system for surface runoff processes of different scales comprises an automatic monitoring system for surface runoff processes of slope scales, an automatic monitoring system for surface runoff processes of watershed scales and a data transmission and receiving computing device; the method is characterized in that: the automatic monitoring system for the slope scale surface runoff process consists of a test cell, a slope surface runoff collecting device and a slope surface runoff water level automatic monitoring device; the automatic monitoring system for the drainage basin scale surface runoff process consists of a drainage basin bayonet station and automatic monitoring of drainage basin surface runoff water level;
the test plot is connected with a slope surface runoff collecting device, and the slope surface runoff collecting device is connected with an automatic slope surface runoff water level monitoring device; and an automatic drainage basin surface runoff water level monitoring device is arranged on the drainage basin bayonet station, and the automatic slope scale surface runoff process monitoring system and the automatic drainage basin scale surface runoff process monitoring system are respectively connected with the data transmission and receiving computing device.
2. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the test community comprises a surrounding ridge, a retaining wall and an underground bottom plate, the surrounding ridge, the retaining wall and the underground bottom plate surround and block soil of the test community, the surrounding ridge is arranged at the left end, the right end, the top end and the lower end of the test community, the retaining wall is arranged at the lower end of the test community, and the bottom plate is located at the bottommost layer of the soil of the test community; wherein earth's surface runoff collecting groove is arranged on the top of the retaining wall at the lower end of the test community.
3. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the slope surface runoff collecting device mainly comprises a flow guide pipe and flow collecting barrels, wherein the flow collecting barrels are divided into a surface runoff flow collecting barrel A, a surface runoff flow collecting barrel B and a surface runoff flow collecting barrel C, and the surface runoff flow collecting barrel A, the surface runoff flow collecting barrel B and the surface runoff flow collecting barrel C are longitudinally arranged side by side; the lower port of the draft tube is arranged at a position which is 30cm higher than the bottom of the surface runoff collecting barrel A; A. the B flow collecting barrel is provided with a flow dividing port.
4. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the watershed bayonet station comprises observation room, current-measuring weir, and the watershed has a total escape canal: the basin bayonet stations are located at the outlet of the main drainage ditch.
5. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the observation house is built beside the main drainage ditch, is 4m long, 3.5m wide and 2.5m high, and has a brick-built wall body and a flat top; the observation house is mainly used for placing the automatic monitoring device for the surface runoff water level of the drainage basin.
6. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the flow measuring weir is arranged on the main drainage ditch, the length of the flow measuring weir is 9m, the flow measuring weir is divided into three sections, the length of an upstream section is 4.7m, the length of a middle section triangular section weir is 2.8m, the height of the weir is 0.4m, the upstream-downstream slope ratio is 1:2 and 1:5 respectively, and the length of a downstream section is 1.5 m; the height of the wall bodies on the two sides is 2m, the length of the wall bodies on the two sides is 9m, a mortar stone structure with a trapezoidal section is adopted, the upper width is 0.5m, and the lower width is 0.7 m; the upper width and the lower width of the rectangular weir channel are both 4m, the wall surface and the groove bottom are both coated with mortar, and the bottom and the wall surface are smooth and flat.
7. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the automatic monitoring device for the surface runoff water level of the slope is consistent with the automatic monitoring device for the surface runoff water level of the drainage basin in structure; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the automatic monitoring device consists of a radar water level gauge, a rain gauge, a data collector and a power supply device; the radar water level gauge and the rain gauge are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit, and the radar water level gauge, the rain gauge and the data acquisition unit are respectively connected with the power supply device.
8. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
a radar water level gauge of the automatic slope surface runoff water level monitoring device is arranged 20cm above the barrel cover circular holes of the surface runoff collecting barrel A, the surface runoff collecting barrel B and the surface runoff collecting barrel C, and a rain shielding cover is additionally arranged above the radar water level gauge;
the rainfall gauge cloth is arranged beside a test cell, is arranged by a support, adopts a JD-05 tipping bucket type rainfall gauge, and is provided with a lightning rod at the top end of the support;
the data acquisition device adopts a CSI CR1000 data acquisition device to support analog signals and digital signals, and radar water level gauges of different surface runoff collecting barrels A, B and C are respectively connected with signal ports 1, 2 and 3 of the data acquisition device through data signal lines; the data collector can identify the signal data of different ports so as to distinguish the water levels in different buckets.
9. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
a radar water level gauge of the automatic watershed surface runoff water level monitoring device is arranged 2m above a weir crest of a flow measuring weir of the bayonet station, and the center of the width direction of a channel is as high as an observation room; the water level in the current measuring weir is measured out in a non-contact way by the principle of transmitting, reflecting and receiving electromagnetic waves;
the rain gauge cloth is arranged on the roof of an observation room of the bayonet station, a JD-05 tipping bucket rain gauge is adopted, and a lightning rod higher than the rain gauge is arranged beside the rain gauge;
the data acquisition unit adopts a CSI CR1000 data acquisition unit and supports analog signals and digital signals, and the radar water level gauge is respectively connected with a signal port of the data acquisition unit through a data signal line; the data acquired by the data acquisition unit can be stored in the memory card.
10. The automatic monitoring and compiling system for the surface runoff process with different scales as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the data transmission and receiving computing device comprises a data transmission device DTU and a data receiving automatic computing device; the data transmission equipment DTU is connected with the data acquisition unit and wirelessly transmits the data transmitted by the data acquisition unit to the data receiving automatic computing device.
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| CN202021015136.7U CN212030636U (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Automatic monitoring and compiling system for surface runoff processes of different scales |
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| CN113075753A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Mountain torrent protection method and monitoring system based on terraced fields for intercepting surface runoff |
| CN113075753B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-11-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Mountain torrent protection method and monitoring system based on terraced fields for intercepting surface runoff |
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Effective date of registration: 20210831 Address after: No.1038, Beijing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000 Patentee after: Jiangxi Academy of water resources Address before: 330029, 290, Hunan Avenue, Qingshan, Jiangxi, Nanchang Patentee before: JIANGXI INSTITUTE OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION Patentee before: Jiangxi lvchuan Technology Development Co.,Ltd. |