CN211780989U - Solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system using a heat pump, which belongs to the technical field of multi-energy complementation. The system mainly comprises energy conversion equipment such as an internal combustion engine, a waste heat boiler, a solar heat collector, an absorption heat pump and the like, and a heat conduction oil circulating system comprising a cold oil tank and a hot oil tank. Biogas is combusted in the internal combustion engine to release heat to drive the generator to generate electricity, the waste heat of the flue gas and the heat of the cylinder sleeve are recovered by heat conduction oil, and the auxiliary solar heat collector utilizes solar energy to heat part of the heat conduction oil. The heat pump uses the heat conduction oil as a driving heat source to supply heat to the outside, and the heat utilization rate of the system can be improved. The heat conduction oil in the whole system is provided by the cold oil tank, flows through the main equipment for heat exchange and then is collected to the hot oil tank, returns to the cold oil tank after the heat pump releases heat to form circulation, and the heat conduction oil transfers and collects heat, so that heat storage capacity is achieved to a certain extent, and the stability of external heat supply is guaranteed. The utility model discloses a can utilize solar energy and marsh gas coupling, realize the complementary high-efficient combined heat and power of multipotency.

Description

A solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system using a heat pump

technical field

The utility model belongs to the multi-energy complementary technical field, in particular to a solar energy-assisted biogas cogeneration system using a heat pump.

Background technique

At present, due to problems such as pollution and greenhouse gas emissions caused by excessive use of fossil fuels, and considering the preservation of fossil energy reserves, my country is striving to increase the proportion of renewable energy in energy utilization, and use energy as efficiently as possible. The multi-energy complementary system emerges as the times require, rationally allocates energy from various sources in a certain area, and the supply in different working environments meets the energy demand of users, and advocates the full use of renewable energy and complementary utilization of energy, and finally achieves stable energy for users. Under the premise of supply, the maximization of system energy utilization rate is pursued.

In practical applications, wind energy, solar energy, biomass, etc. are all the key development targets for the utilization of renewable energy. As a biomass renewable energy utilization method, biogas is often used for energy conversion by internal combustion generators. However, due to the low efficiency of internal combustion generators, it is usually only 20%-40%; only part of the heat released by the combustion of biogas passes through. The internal combustion engine is converted into mechanical energy, and most of the heat mainly exists in the form of waste heat from exhaust smoke, waste heat from cylinder liner, and waste heat radiated by the engine to the surrounding environment. The recovery and utilization of these waste heat largely determines the energy utilization efficiency of the biogas power generation system.

In the utilization of solar energy, due to the low energy density of solar energy and the disadvantages of being affected by the weather, the energy supply system relying solely on solar energy often requires a huge solar energy collection area, and often requires an auxiliary energy system. In recent years, people's exploration of solar energy utilization has begun to favor load systems that can indirectly and partially utilize solar energy for air conditioning, refrigeration and other applications, pursuing the goal of reducing conventional energy consumption without excessively increasing system complexity and initial investment.

Energy storage is an important functional area in a multi-energy complementary system, which can solve the problem of time and space imbalance between energy supply and demand, and make energy utilization more efficient. Among them, heat transfer oil, as a heat storage method, can realize the storage of heat at high and medium temperature, and has been widely used in practice.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the requirements of the multi-energy complementary system, the characteristics of biogas power generation and solar energy utilization introduced in the technical background, the utility model starts from the research of the multi-energy input system, considers improving the energy utilization rate of the system and utilizes the energy of the system more efficiently, and introduces the heat transfer oil. Circulation system, a solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system using a heat pump is proposed, which involves biogas power generation technology, absorption heat pump technology, solar collector utilization technology and heat transfer oil circulation system. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

A solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump includes an energy conversion equipment part and a heat-conducting oil circulation system; the energy conversion equipment includes a generator, an internal combustion engine, a waste heat boiler, a solar heat collector, and an absorption heat pump, and the internal combustion engine also includes A cylinder liner cooler; the heat transfer oil circulation system includes a cold oil tank and a hot oil tank.

The generator is driven by the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the internal combustion engine is connected to the biogas supply pipeline, and the flue gas outlet pipeline is connected to the inlet of the flue gas channel of the waste heat boiler; Oil inlet and outlet pipes; the heat-conducting oil inlet pipe of the cylinder liner cooler is connected with the outlet of the cold oil tank, and the heat-conducting oil outlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the vacuum tube of the solar collector.

The flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler is connected with the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, and the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas treatment device by a pipe; the heat transfer oil inlet pipe of the waste heat boiler is connected with the outlet of the cold oil tank, and the heat transfer oil outlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the hot oil tank connected.

The vacuum tube inlet and outlet pipeline of the solar collector are respectively connected with the heat conduction oil outlet of the cylinder liner cooler and the inlet of the hot oil tank.

The outlet pipe of the cold oil tank is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet of the cylinder liner cooler and the vacuum pipe inlet of the solar collector in two ways; the inlet of the hot oil tank is connected to the heat transfer oil outlet pipe of the waste heat boiler and the outlet pipe of the solar collector vacuum pipe. The outlet pipe of the hot oil tank is connected with the inlet pipe of the absorption heat pump generator; the outlet pipe of the absorption heat pump generator is connected with the inlet of the cold oil tank.

The evaporator inlet of the absorption heat pump is connected to the buried pipe of the geothermal source, and the outlet pipe of the buried pipe of the geothermal source is connected to the outlet of the absorption heat pump evaporator; the hot water outlet and inlet pipe of the absorption heat pump are respectively connected with the heating circulation pipeline of the heat user inlet and outlet connections.

The cold oil tank and hot oil tank in the heat transfer oil circulation system are provided with protective gas inlet pipes and exhaust valve pipes, and the heat transfer oil system is also provided with temperature, pressure and liquid level controllers; the heat transfer oil circulation system There is a pump on the pipeline that overcomes the flow resistance of heat exchange and drives the flow of heat transfer oil.

The beneficial effects of this system are:

The energy supply of the system is biogas and solar energy. The biogas is used for power generation and the waste heat of the tail flue gas and cylinder liner is recovered. The solar energy is used for thermal utilization. The coupled utilization of solar energy and biogas expands the total heating capacity of the system, and the biogas provides energy. To a certain extent, it can make up for the instability of solar energy supply.

The absorption heat pump used in the system is a heat-increasing type, and the energy conversion efficiency is greater than 1. The energy conversion efficiency of the entire system is improved, and efficient heat utilization is achieved; the use of heat transfer oil as the heat transfer medium enables the system to have a certain thermal energy storage to a certain extent. Ensure the stability of the heat pump heating system.

The main equipment of the heat transfer oil circulation system is controlled, and the oil temperature and oil pressure are controlled in real time to fluctuate within the allowable range. The heat transfer oil flow can be controlled as needed. The system has safety, reliability and flexibility. Equipment is less likely to corrode than using water.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal storage energy supply system based on biogas and solar energy utilization.

In the figure, 1- generator, 2- internal combustion engine, 3- waste heat boiler, 4- cylinder liner cooler, 5- solar collector, 6- cold oil tank, 7- hot oil tank, 8- absorption heat pump.

Detailed ways

The utility model proposes a solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump. The following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, a solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump, the internal combustion engine 2 uses biogas as fuel, and the fuel is burned to convert chemical energy into heat energy, which drives the internal combustion engine 2 to do work, and the internal combustion engine 2 drives the generator 1 to generate electricity; 2. The exhausted flue gas carries a large amount of waste heat into the waste heat boiler 3 and is discharged to the flue gas treatment device; the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 2 is cooled and recovered by the cylinder liner cooler 4; The heat exchange of the cooling water of the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 2, the heat of the cooling water of the cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 2 is taken away by the heat-conducting oil and then enters the internal-combustion engine 2 for cooling; Collector 5.

The high-temperature flue gas entering the waste heat boiler 3 forms a radiant heating surface, and at the same time, it exchanges heat with the heat transfer oil in the interlayer by convection flow; the volume of the heat transfer oil increases when the heated temperature rises, and the waste heat boiler 3 has an expansion tank to compensate the volume change of the heat transfer oil, etc. The heat transfer oil circulation system is mainly equipped with waste heat boiler 3, cold oil tank 6, and hot oil tank 7. There are also protective gas inlet pipelines and exhaust valve pipelines. The protective gas inlet pipelines and exhaust valve pipelines are protected from The gas supply system supplies protective gas to each device of the thermal oil system; the pipeline of the thermal oil circulation system is equipped with a corresponding pump, a liquid level controller, a pressure controller and a temperature controller to drive the flow of the thermal oil and monitor and control the The liquid level, inlet and outlet pressure, and temperature are within the allowable fluctuation range.

The heat-conducting oil is forced to flow in the solar heat collector 5 vacuum tube to absorb the solar energy and heat up, and then it is collected into the hot oil tank 7; After the heat absorption in the device 5 reaches a certain temperature, it is all collected into the hot oil tank 7, and the heat-conducting oil in the hot oil tank 7 is connected to the generator inlet of the absorption heat pump 8 with a pipeline, as the driving heat source of the absorption heat pump 8; The low-temperature heat source of the heat pump 8 adopts a geothermal source, and the inlet of the evaporator is connected to the buried pipe of the geothermal source, and the circulating working medium returns to the evaporator of the absorption heat pump 8 after absorbing heat through the buried pipe of the geothermal source, and circulates; The circulation loop formed by the evaporator of the absorption heat pump 8 and the buried pipe of the ground heat source is provided with a ground source pump to force the working medium in the circulation pipe; After the heat user supplies heat, it returns to the hot water return pipe of the absorption heat pump 8 through the outlet of the heat user heat supply circulation pipeline.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and the structures, connection methods and method steps of each component can be changed to some extent, and all equivalent transformations and improvements carried out on the basis of the technical solutions of the present invention are not should be excluded from the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing heat pump, is characterized in that: comprise energy conversion equipment part and heat conduction oil circulation system; Described energy conversion equipment comprises generator (1), internal combustion engine (2), waste heat boiler (3), a solar collector (5), an absorption heat pump (8), the internal combustion engine (2) also includes a cylinder liner cooler (4); the heat transfer oil circulation system includes a cold oil tank (6), a hot oil Tank (7). 2. a kind of solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing heat pump according to claim 1, is characterized in that: generator (1) is driven by internal combustion engine (2), and the inlet of internal combustion engine (2) is connected with biogas supply pipeline, The flue gas outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the flue gas passage of the waste heat boiler (3); the cylinder liner cooler (4) of the internal combustion engine (2) is connected with the cylinder liner cooling water inlet and outlet pipes of the internal combustion engine (2), and there is a heat transfer oil inlet, outlet pipe; the heat transfer oil inlet pipe of the cylinder liner cooler (4) is connected with the outlet of the cold oil tank (6), and the heat transfer oil outlet pipe is connected with the vacuum pipe inlet of the solar collector (5). 3. A solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste heat boiler (3) flue gas inlet is connected with the internal combustion engine (2) flue gas outlet pipe, and the waste heat boiler (3) The flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas treatment device by pipes; the heat transfer oil inlet pipe of the waste heat boiler (3) is connected to the outlet of the cold oil tank (6), and the heat transfer oil outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the hot oil tank (7). 4. A solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vacuum tube inlet and outlet pipeline of the solar collector (5) are respectively connected with the heat-conducting oil of the cylinder liner cooler (4) The outlet and the inlet of the hot oil tank (7) are connected. 5. A solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outlet pipeline of the cold oil tank (6) is divided into two paths and the heat-conducting oil inlet of the liner cooler (4) is respectively , the solar collector (5) is connected to the vacuum tube inlet; the inlet of the hot oil tank (7) is connected to the heat transfer oil outlet pipe of the waste heat boiler (3) and the outlet pipe of the solar collector (5) vacuum tube, and the hot oil tank (7) The outlet pipe is connected with the inlet pipe of the generator of the absorption heat pump (8); the outlet pipe of the generator of the absorption heat pump (8) is connected with the inlet of the cold oil tank (6). 6. A solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inlet of the evaporator of the absorption heat pump (8) is connected with the buried pipe of the geothermal source, and the outlet of the buried pipe of the geothermal source is connected. The pipeline is connected with the evaporator outlet of the absorption heat pump (8); the hot water outlet and the inlet pipeline of the absorption heat pump (8) are respectively connected with the inlet and the outlet of the heating circulation pipeline of the heat user. 7. A solar-assisted biogas cogeneration system utilizing a heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cold oil tank (6) and the hot oil tank (7) in the heat-conducting oil circulation system are provided with protective gas inlet pipes The heat transfer oil system is also provided with temperature, pressure and liquid level controllers; the pipeline of the heat transfer oil circulation system is provided with a pump that overcomes the heat exchange flow resistance and drives the heat transfer oil to flow.

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