CN107630726B - A multi-energy hybrid power generation system and method based on supercritical carbon dioxide cycle - Google Patents
A multi-energy hybrid power generation system and method based on supercritical carbon dioxide cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统及方法，属于新能源技术领域。The invention relates to a multi-energy hybrid power generation system and method based on a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, and belongs to the technical field of new energy sources.
背景技术Background technique
当今世界正经历一场能源变革，以常规化石燃料为主的传统能源格局正在向多元化的能源供给模式转变，可再生能源正逐步成为能源主力。The world today is undergoing an energy revolution. The traditional energy pattern dominated by conventional fossil fuels is changing to a diversified energy supply model, and renewable energy is gradually becoming the main energy source.
地热能在世界范围内以及我们国家的储量非常巨大，其中干热岩(＞150℃)占99％以上，我国干热岩储量按2％可开采量计算相当于我国2010年能源消耗总量的4400倍。近期青海省共和盆地发现200℃以上大规模可利用干热岩，可开采量相当于我国2016年能源消耗总量的3倍。干热岩发电技术不受季节、气候制约，发电的成本仅为风力发电的一半，为太阳能发电的十分之一。但是，地热能毕竟是低品位的热能，如果用于发电，按照目前技术水平，热电转换效率仅为10％左右。太阳能是取之不尽、用之不竭的绿色能源，太阳能热发电是太阳能利用的主要方式之一，近年来这项技术发展十分迅速。但是，以单纯的太阳能模式运行的太阳能热电站存在许多问题，特别是太阳能具有间歇性，太阳能热发电系统的投资和发电成本较高，储热技术还不够成熟。因此，太阳能与其它能源综合互补的利用模式，不仅可以有效地解决太阳能利用不稳定的问题，还可以利用其它发电技术的优势。地热能与太阳能混合发电是一条有现实意义的技术途径，原因是地热能丰富的地区其太阳能资源也非常丰富，这是重要的地理优势。但是，仅有这两种能源并不能完全满足供电要求：一方面作为基本负荷能，其容量较小，稳定性还不够高；另一方面作为调峰负荷，其调峰能力还不够好。因此，还需要再补充可靠的常规热源(如：锅炉)，这样将常规能源与地热能、太阳能热进行有机组合，形成多能互补。The reserves of geothermal energy in the world and in our country are very huge, of which hot dry rock (>150°C) accounts for more than 99%, and the reserve of hot dry rock in my country is equivalent to 2% of my country's total energy consumption in 2010. 4400 times. Recently, in the Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province, a large-scale usable hot dry rock above 200 °C was discovered, and the recoverable amount is equivalent to three times the total energy consumption in my country in 2016. Hot dry rock power generation technology is not restricted by seasons and climates, and the cost of power generation is only half of that of wind power and one-tenth of that of solar power. However, geothermal energy is low-grade thermal energy after all. If it is used for power generation, according to the current technical level, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is only about 10%. Solar energy is inexhaustible and inexhaustible green energy. Solar thermal power generation is one of the main ways to utilize solar energy. This technology has developed very rapidly in recent years. However, there are many problems in solar thermal power plants operating in pure solar mode, especially the intermittent nature of solar energy, the high investment and power generation costs of solar thermal power generation systems, and the immature heat storage technology. Therefore, the comprehensive and complementary utilization mode of solar energy and other energy sources can not only effectively solve the problem of unstable utilization of solar energy, but also take advantage of the advantages of other power generation technologies. The hybrid power generation of geothermal energy and solar energy is a technical approach with practical significance, because regions rich in geothermal energy are also rich in solar energy resources, which is an important geographical advantage. However, only these two energy sources can not fully meet the power supply requirements: on the one hand, as the base load energy, its capacity is small and the stability is not high enough; on the other hand, as the peak load, its peak shaving ability is not good enough. Therefore, it is also necessary to supplement reliable conventional heat sources (such as: boilers), so that conventional energy, geothermal energy, and solar heat can be organically combined to form multi-energy complementarity.
将热源进行整合，还需要有动力循环系统作为基本架构。近年来，超临界二氧化碳循环成为热点，并且被认为具有诸多潜在优势。二氧化碳的临界点为31℃/7.4MPa，在温度和压力超过临界点时的状态为超临界态。超临界二氧化碳循环的研究始于上世纪四十年代，在六、七十年代取得阶段性研究成果，之后主要由于透平机械、紧凑式热交换器制造技术不成熟而中止，直至本世纪初，超临界二氧化碳循环的研究在美国再度兴起，并为世界其它国家所关注。由于二氧化碳化学性质稳定、密度高、无毒性、低成本，循环系统简单、结构紧凑、效率高、可空冷，超临界二氧化碳循环可以与各种热源组合成发电系统，被认为在火力发电、核能发电、太阳能热发电、余热发电、地热发电、生物质发电等领域均具有良好的应用前景。Integrating heat sources also requires a power cycle system as the basic structure. In recent years, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle has become a hot topic and is considered to have many potential advantages. The critical point of carbon dioxide is 31°C/7.4MPa, and the state is supercritical when the temperature and pressure exceed the critical point. The research on the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle began in the 1940s, achieved phased research results in the 1960s and 1970s, and then stopped mainly due to the immature manufacturing technology of turbomachinery and compact heat exchangers. Until the beginning of this century, The research on the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle has been revived in the United States and has attracted attention from other countries in the world. Due to the stable chemical properties of carbon dioxide, high density, non-toxicity, low cost, simple circulation system, compact structure, high efficiency, and air cooling, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle can be combined with various heat sources to form a power generation system. , solar thermal power generation, waste heat power generation, geothermal power generation, biomass power generation and other fields have good application prospects.
采用超临界二氧化碳循环可以最大限度地整合地热能、太阳能和常规锅炉热能，不但可以提高能源综合利用率，并且系统简单、结构紧凑、运行灵活，非常适用于地热能、太阳能丰富，但缺少水源的地区。The use of supercritical carbon dioxide cycle can maximize the integration of geothermal energy, solar energy and conventional boiler heat energy, which can not only improve the comprehensive utilization rate of energy, but also has a simple system, compact structure, and flexible operation. It is very suitable for geothermal energy, solar energy, but lack of water. area.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是：如何将多种能源形式，包括可再生和不可再生能源，整合到超临界二氧化碳循环，构成新型的发电系统，发挥超临界二氧化碳循环可与多种能源耦合的优势，实现多能互补，提高能源综合利用效率，并降低设备投资。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to integrate multiple forms of energy, including renewable and non-renewable energy, into the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle to form a new power generation system, and take advantage of the coupling of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle with multiple energy sources , to achieve multi-energy complementarity, improve the efficiency of comprehensive energy utilization, and reduce equipment investment.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是提供一种基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统，其特征在于：由超临界二氧化碳循环回路、地热注采回路、太阳能热转换回路组成；In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide circulation, which is characterized in that: it is composed of a supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop, a geothermal injection and production loop, and a solar heat conversion loop;
所述超临界二氧化碳循环回路包括压缩机，压缩机出口分别连接低温回热器高压侧进口和地热能加热器二氧化碳工质侧进口，低温回热器高压侧出口与地热能加热器二氧化碳工质侧出口连接高温回热器高压侧进口，高温回热器高压侧出口连接太阳能加热器二氧化碳工质侧进口，太阳能加热器二氧化碳工质侧出口连接锅炉进口，锅炉出口连接透平进气口，压缩机、透平、发电机同轴相连；透平排气口连接高温回热器低压侧进口，高温回热器低压侧出口连接低温回热器低压侧进口，低温回热器低压侧出口连接预冷器进口，预冷器出口连接冷却器工质进口，冷却器工质出口连接压缩机进口；The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation circuit includes a compressor, the outlet of the compressor is respectively connected to the inlet of the high pressure side of the low temperature regenerator and the inlet of the carbon dioxide working medium of the geothermal energy heater, and the outlet of the high pressure side of the low temperature regenerator is connected to the carbon dioxide working medium side of the geothermal energy heater The outlet is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure side of the high-temperature regenerator, the outlet of the high-pressure side of the high-temperature regenerator is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide working medium of the solar heater, the outlet of the carbon dioxide working medium of the solar heater is connected to the inlet of the boiler, and the outlet of the boiler is connected to the inlet of the turbine and the compressor , turbine, and generator are coaxially connected; the exhaust port of the turbine is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure side of the high-temperature regenerator, the outlet of the low-pressure side of the high-temperature regenerator is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure side of the low-temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the low-pressure side of the low-temperature regenerator is connected to the pre-cooling The inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the precooler is connected to the inlet of the working fluid of the cooler, and the outlet of the working fluid of the cooler is connected to the inlet of the compressor;
所述地热注采回路包括深入地下的注入井和生产井，注入泵出口连接注入井，生产井出口连接地热能换热器的地热携热介质侧的进口，地热能换热器的地热携热介质侧的出口连接注入泵的进口，地热能换热器的中间传热介质侧进口、出口分别与地热能加热器的中间传热介质侧出口、太阳能补热器中间传热介质侧进口连接，太阳能补热器中间传热介质侧出口连接地热能加热器的中间传热介质侧进口；The geothermal injection-production circuit includes an injection well and a production well that go deep into the ground, the outlet of the injection pump is connected to the injection well, the outlet of the production well is connected to the inlet of the geothermal heat carrying medium side of the geothermal energy heat exchanger, and the geothermal heat carrying medium of the geothermal energy heat exchanger The outlet on the medium side is connected to the inlet of the injection pump, and the inlet and outlet on the intermediate heat transfer medium side of the geothermal energy heat exchanger are respectively connected to the intermediate heat transfer medium side outlet of the geothermal energy heater and the intermediate heat transfer medium side inlet of the solar heat supplement device. The intermediate heat transfer medium side outlet of the solar heat supplement is connected to the intermediate heat transfer medium side inlet of the geothermal energy heater;
所述太阳能热转换回路包括太阳能聚光集热系统，循环泵出口连接太阳能聚光集热系统的进口和三通切换阀的第一端口，三通切换阀的第二端口连接储热装置换热器一端，太阳能聚光集热系统的出口连接储热装置换热器另一端和所述太阳能加热器传热介质侧的进口，储热装置换热器连接储热装置；所述太阳能加热器传热介质侧的出口连接所述太阳能补热器传热介质侧进口，所述太阳能补热器传热介质侧出口连接溴化锂吸收式制冷机热源进口，溴化锂吸收式制冷机热源出口连接循环泵进口和三通切换阀的第三端口，溴化锂吸收式制冷机的冷媒水进口、出口分别与所述冷却器的冷媒水出口、进口相连。The solar thermal conversion circuit includes a solar concentrating heat collection system, the outlet of the circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system and the first port of the three-way switching valve, and the second port of the three-way switching valve is connected to the heat storage device for heat exchange One end of the solar collector, the outlet of the solar concentrating heat collection system is connected to the other end of the heat exchanger of the heat storage device and the inlet of the heat transfer medium side of the solar heater, and the heat exchanger of the heat storage device is connected to the heat storage device; The outlet on the heat medium side is connected to the heat transfer medium side inlet of the solar heat supplementary device, the heat transfer medium side outlet of the solar heat supplement device is connected to the heat source inlet of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, and the heat source outlet of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is connected to the circulation pump inlet and The third port of the three-way switch valve, the refrigerant water inlet and outlet of the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator are respectively connected with the refrigerant water outlet and inlet of the cooler.
优选地，所述超临界二氧化碳循环回路还包括用于旁路所述太阳能加热器第一旁路阀，第一旁路阀进口、出口分别连接所述太阳能加热器进口、出口；当没有太阳能可以提供时，太阳能加热器被旁路掉，二氧化碳工质直接进入锅炉。Preferably, the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation circuit also includes a first bypass valve for bypassing the solar heater, and the inlet and outlet of the first bypass valve are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the solar heater; When supplied, the solar heater is bypassed and the CO2 working fluid goes directly to the boiler.
优选地，所述超临界二氧化碳循环回路还包括用于旁路所述锅炉的第二旁路阀，第二旁路阀进口、出口分别连接所述锅炉进口、出口；当太阳能充足时，不需要锅炉补热，锅炉被旁路掉，二氧化碳工质直接进入透平。Preferably, the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation circuit also includes a second bypass valve for bypassing the boiler, the inlet and outlet of the second bypass valve are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the boiler; when the solar energy is sufficient, no The boiler is supplemented with heat, the boiler is bypassed, and the carbon dioxide working medium directly enters the turbine.
优选地，所述锅炉连接空气预热器，空气预热器为空冷预热器或水冷预热器；通过空气预热器回收排烟热量用于加热新空气；由于锅炉进口的二氧化碳工质温度较高，造成锅炉排烟温度高，通过空气预热器回收排烟热量用于加热新空气，这种空气预热器的工作温度高于常规的锅炉空气预热器。Preferably, the boiler is connected to an air preheater, and the air preheater is an air-cooled preheater or a water-cooled preheater; the exhaust gas heat is recovered through the air preheater for heating new air; due to the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium at the boiler inlet Higher, resulting in high boiler exhaust gas temperature, the exhaust gas heat is recovered by the air preheater to heat the new air, and the working temperature of this air preheater is higher than that of the conventional boiler air preheater.
优选地，所述溴化锂吸收式制冷机与冷却塔相连。Preferably, the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is connected to a cooling tower.
优选地，所述压缩机进口二氧化碳工质温度不超过35℃，且温度波动不超过±1.5℃；所述透平进口二氧化碳工质温度不低于400℃、压力不低于18MPa；所述发电机的额定输出功率为10MWe以上；所述生产井输出的携热介质的温度为100℃以上。Preferably, the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium at the inlet of the compressor does not exceed 35°C, and the temperature fluctuation does not exceed ±1.5°C; the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium at the inlet of the turbine is not lower than 400°C, and the pressure is not lower than 18MPa; The rated output power of the engine is above 10MWe; the temperature of the heat-carrying medium output by the production well is above 100°C.
优选地，所述太阳能聚光集热系统为塔式、槽式或菲涅尔式太阳能热系统，工作温度不低于300℃，采用的传热介质为导热油、熔盐或其它适用介质；所述溴化锂吸收式制冷机为双效制冷机。Preferably, the solar concentrating heat collection system is a tower type, trough type or Fresnel type solar thermal system, the working temperature is not lower than 300°C, and the heat transfer medium used is heat transfer oil, molten salt or other suitable media; The lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is a double-effect refrigerator.
优选地，所述地热能加热器与地热能换热器之间的中间传热介质为水；所述地热能注采回路的携热介质为水或超临界二氧化碳。Preferably, the intermediate heat transfer medium between the geothermal energy heater and the geothermal energy heat exchanger is water; the heat-carrying medium of the geothermal energy injection and recovery circuit is water or supercritical carbon dioxide.
优选地，所述锅炉为燃煤、燃气、燃油或生物质直燃锅炉，锅炉配有脱硫、脱硝装置及其它必要的环保设施。Preferably, the boiler is a coal-fired, gas-fired, oil-fired or biomass direct-fired boiler, and the boiler is equipped with desulfurization, denitrification devices and other necessary environmental protection facilities.
本发明还提供了一种基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电方法，其特征在于：采用上述的基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统，步骤为：The present invention also provides a multi-energy hybrid power generation method based on a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, characterized in that: using the above-mentioned multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, the steps are:
冷态的二氧化碳工质进入压缩机，压力和温度升高；压缩机出口的二氧化碳工质分两路：一路经低温回热器吸收透平排出工质的低温段热量，另一路经地热能加热器吸收地热能及部分低温太阳能的热量；然后两路汇合进入高温回热器吸收透平排出工质的高温段热量，高温回热器出来的工质经太阳能加热器吸收高温太阳能的热量，再直接进入透平或经锅炉补热后进入透平做功，推动发电机和压缩机工作；透平排出的工质依次经高温回热器、低温回热器释放部分热量，最后经预冷器和冷却器冷却后，再回到压缩机，完成超临界二氧化碳循环发电；The cold carbon dioxide working medium enters the compressor, and the pressure and temperature rise; the carbon dioxide working medium at the outlet of the compressor is divided into two paths: one path absorbs the heat of the low-temperature section of the turbine discharged working fluid through the low-temperature regenerator, and the other path is heated by geothermal energy The regenerator absorbs geothermal energy and part of the heat of low-temperature solar energy; then the two paths merge into the high-temperature regenerator to absorb the heat of the high-temperature section of the working fluid discharged from the turbine, and the working fluid from the high-temperature regenerator absorbs the heat of high-temperature solar energy through the solar heater, and then It directly enters the turbine or enters the turbine after supplementary heat from the boiler to do work, and drives the generator and compressor to work; the working fluid discharged from the turbine releases part of the heat through the high-temperature regenerator and low-temperature regenerator in sequence, and finally passes through the pre-cooler and After the cooler cools down, it returns to the compressor to complete the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation;
地热能采集分为注采回路和中间传热回路，两者通过地热能换热器连接，并将携热介质与中间传热介质隔开；注入泵将携热介质通入注入井，携热介质携带地热能从生产井输出，通过地热能换热器传递给中间传热介质，中间传热介质再通过太阳能补热器加热，最后进入地热能加热器，将热量传递给二氧化碳工质；The geothermal energy collection is divided into an injection-production circuit and an intermediate heat transfer circuit. The two are connected by a geothermal energy heat exchanger, and the heat-carrying medium is separated from the intermediate heat-transfer medium; the injection pump passes the heat-carrying medium into the injection well to carry heat. The medium carries geothermal energy output from the production well, and is transferred to the intermediate heat transfer medium through the geothermal energy heat exchanger, and the intermediate heat transfer medium is heated by the solar heat supplement, and finally enters the geothermal energy heater to transfer the heat to the carbon dioxide working medium;
当有足够的太阳光照时，太阳能聚光集热系统吸收太阳光辐射热量，三通切换阀切换至循环泵的进口与储热装置换热器相通，在循环泵的驱动下，传热介质从太阳能聚光集热系统吸收热量，加热后的传热介质一部分通过储热装置换热器将热量传递给储热装置，另一部分依次传递给太阳能加热器和太阳能补热器；由于光照强烈时气温也相对高，则用太阳能补热器输出的传热介质驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷机工作，产生冷量，通过冷却器冷却二氧化碳工质；When there is enough sunlight, the solar concentrating heat collection system absorbs the heat of solar radiation, and the three-way switching valve switches to the inlet of the circulation pump to communicate with the heat exchanger of the heat storage device. Driven by the circulation pump, the heat transfer medium flows from The solar concentrating heat collection system absorbs heat, and part of the heated heat transfer medium transfers heat to the heat storage device through the heat exchanger of the heat storage device, and the other part is transferred to the solar heater and the solar heat supplement in turn; It is also relatively high, then use the heat transfer medium output by the solar heat supplement to drive the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator to work, generate cold energy, and cool the carbon dioxide working medium through the cooler;
当日落后，将三通切换阀切换至循环泵的出口与储热装置换热器相通，且传热介质不进入太阳能聚光集热系统，储热装置将储存的热量通过储热装置换热器传递给传热介质，再送往上述的用热设备。After sunset, switch the three-way switching valve to the outlet of the circulating pump to communicate with the heat exchanger of the heat storage device, and the heat transfer medium does not enter the solar concentrating heat collection system, and the heat storage device passes the stored heat through the heat exchanger of the heat storage device Passed to the heat transfer medium, and then sent to the above-mentioned heat-using equipment.
优选地，所述太阳能加热器出来的二氧化碳工质，根据需要决定是否进入锅炉补热，如果不需要，则将锅炉旁路。Preferably, the carbon dioxide working fluid from the solar heater decides whether to enter the boiler for supplementary heat according to the need, and if not, the boiler is bypassed.
优选地，当超临界二氧化碳循环回路在额定负载下发电时，地热注采回路保持稳定的地热采集量，太阳能热转换回路的供热量会随着昼夜变化或天气变化有所起伏；随着太阳能加热器热功率的变化，锅炉调节热功率，使总的热功率保持稳定：当没有太阳能热可用时，太阳能热转换回路不工作，将太阳能加热器旁路。Preferably, when the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop generates power under rated load, the geothermal injection and production loop maintains a stable geothermal collection amount, and the heat supply of the solar thermal conversion loop will fluctuate with diurnal changes or weather changes; When the thermal power of the heater changes, the boiler adjusts the thermal power to keep the total thermal power stable: when there is no solar heat available, the solar heat conversion circuit does not work, and the solar heater is bypassed.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明中多种能源相结合，高温、低温热源互补，通过超临界二氧化碳循环实现多能混合发电，并利用超临界二氧化碳循环的高效率优势，可显著提高能源的综合利用效率。1. In the present invention, multiple energy sources are combined, high-temperature and low-temperature heat sources complement each other, multi-energy hybrid power generation is realized through supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, and the high efficiency advantage of supercritical carbon dioxide cycle can be used to significantly improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy.
2、本发明十分适合于地热能丰富的地区，而这些地区的太阳能资源往往也很丰富，有利于更加充分地开发利用地热能和太阳能。2. The present invention is very suitable for areas rich in geothermal energy, and these areas are often rich in solar energy resources, which is conducive to more fully developing and utilizing geothermal energy and solar energy.
3、本发明中多种能源共同一套循环系统，设备投资成本相对较少。3. In the present invention, multiple energy sources share a set of circulation system, and the equipment investment cost is relatively small.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实施例提供的基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic structural diagram of the multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle provided by the present embodiment;
其中：1-压缩机，2-低温回热器，3-地热能加热器，4-高温回热器，5-太阳能加热器，6-第一旁路阀，7-第二旁路阀，8-锅炉，9-空气预热器，10-透平，11-发电机，12-预冷器，13-注入泵，14-注入井，15-生产井，16-地热能换热器，17-循环泵，18-太阳能聚光集热系统，19-储热装置换热器，20-储热装置，21-三通切换阀，22-太阳能补热器，23-溴化锂吸收式制冷机，24-冷却器，25-冷却塔。Among them: 1-compressor, 2-low temperature regenerator, 3-geothermal energy heater, 4-high temperature regenerator, 5-solar heater, 6-first bypass valve, 7-second bypass valve, 8-boiler, 9-air preheater, 10-turbine, 11-generator, 12-precooler, 13-injection pump, 14-injection well, 15-production well, 16-geothermal heat exchanger, 17-circulation pump, 18-solar concentrating heat collection system, 19-heat exchanger for heat storage device, 20-heat storage device, 21-three-way switching valve, 22-solar heat supplement, 23-lithium bromide absorption refrigerator , 24-cooler, 25-cooling tower.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
图1为本实施例提供的基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统结构示意图，所述的基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统由以下部件组成：Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle provided in this embodiment. The multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on a supercritical carbon dioxide cycle is composed of the following components:
压缩机1，用于压缩二氧化碳工质，提高压力；Compressor 1, used to compress carbon dioxide working fluid to increase the pressure;
低温回热器2，具有高压侧进口、高压侧出口、低压侧进口、低压侧出口，压缩机1出口的一路高压二氧化碳工质经由高压侧进口进入低温回热器2，再由高压侧出口输出至高温回热器4，同时，所述高压二氧化碳工质在低温回热器2被经由低压侧进口进入的高温回热热器4低压侧出口排出的低压二氧化碳工质加热，放热后的低压二氧化碳工质再由低温回热器2低压侧出口输出到预冷器12；The low-temperature regenerator 2 has a high-pressure side inlet, a high-pressure side outlet, a low-pressure side inlet, and a low-pressure side outlet. A high-pressure carbon dioxide working fluid from the compressor 1 outlet enters the low-temperature regenerator 2 through the high-pressure side inlet, and then is output from the high-pressure side outlet. to the high-temperature regenerator 4, and at the same time, the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium is heated in the low-temperature regenerator 2 by the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium discharged from the low-pressure side outlet of the high-temperature regenerator 4 entering through the low-pressure side inlet, and the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium after exothermic The carbon dioxide working medium is output to the precooler 12 from the outlet of the low-pressure side of the low-temperature regenerator 2;
地热能加热器3，通过传热介质加热压缩机1出口的另一路高压二氧化碳工质，加热后输出至高温回热器4，传热介质通过循环回路连接地热能加热器3、太阳能补热器22和地热能换热器16；The geothermal energy heater 3 heats another high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium at the outlet of the compressor 1 through the heat transfer medium, and outputs it to the high-temperature regenerator 4 after heating, and the heat transfer medium is connected to the geothermal energy heater 3 and the solar heat supplement through a circulation loop 22 and geothermal energy heat exchanger 16;
高温回热器4，具有高压侧进口、高压侧出口、低压侧进口、低压侧出口，高压二氧化碳工质经由高压侧进口进入高温回热器4，再由高压侧出口输出至太阳能加热器5，同时，高压二氧化碳工质在高温回热器4被经由低压侧进口进入的透平10排出的低压二氧化碳工质加热，放热后的低压二氧化碳工质再由低压侧出口输出到低温回热热器2；The high-temperature regenerator 4 has a high-pressure side inlet, a high-pressure side outlet, a low-pressure side inlet, and a low-pressure side outlet. The high-pressure carbon dioxide working fluid enters the high-temperature regenerator 4 through the high-pressure side inlet, and then outputs to the solar heater 5 through the high-pressure side outlet. At the same time, the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium is heated in the high-temperature regenerator 4 by the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium discharged from the turbine 10 entering through the low-pressure side inlet, and the low-pressure carbon dioxide working medium after heat release is output to the low-temperature regenerator through the low-pressure side outlet 2;
太阳能加热器5，通过传热介质加热高温回热热器4高压侧出口的一路高压二氧化碳工质，加热后进入锅炉8进一步加热提高温度，传热介质通过循环回路连接太阳能加热器5、太阳能聚光集热系统18和储热装置换热器19；The solar heater 5 heats the high-pressure carbon dioxide working medium at the outlet of the high-pressure side of the high-pressure regenerator 4 through the heat transfer medium, and enters the boiler 8 after heating to further heat up the temperature, and the heat transfer medium is connected to the solar heater 5 and the solar collector through a circulation loop. Light heat collection system 18 and heat storage device heat exchanger 19;
第一旁路阀6，用于旁路太阳能加热器5；A first bypass valve 6 for bypassing the solar heater 5;
第二旁路阀7，用于旁路锅炉8；A second bypass valve 7 for bypassing the boiler 8;
锅炉8，用于加热来自太阳能加热器5的二氧化碳工质，加热后输出至透平10；The boiler 8 is used to heat the carbon dioxide working fluid from the solar heater 5 and output it to the turbine 10 after heating;
空气预热器9，用锅炉8排烟预热进入锅炉8的新空气；The air preheater 9 is used to preheat the new air entering the boiler 8 with exhaust smoke from the boiler 8;
透平10，与压缩机1和发电机11同轴，轴功传递给压缩机1和发电机11，做功后的二氧化碳工质经由低压侧进口输入高温回热器4；The turbine 10 is coaxial with the compressor 1 and the generator 11, and the shaft work is transmitted to the compressor 1 and the generator 11, and the carbon dioxide working medium after the work is input into the high-temperature regenerator 4 through the low-pressure side inlet;
发电机11，用于将透平10的一部分轴功转变为电能；A generator 11, used to convert a part of the shaft work of the turbine 10 into electrical energy;
预冷器12，用于冷却低温回热热器2低压侧出口的二氧化碳工质；Precooler 12, used for cooling the carbon dioxide working medium at the outlet of the low-pressure side of the low-temperature regenerator 2;
注入泵13，用于将开采地热的携热介质增压后输入至注入井14中；The injection pump 13 is used to pressurize the heat-carrying medium for mining geothermal energy and then input it into the injection well 14;
注入井14，低温携热介质进入地热源的通道；Injection well 14, a channel for low temperature carrying heat medium to enter the geothermal source;
生产井15，高温携热介质从地热源输出的通道；Production well 15, the channel through which the high-temperature heat-carrying medium is output from the geothermal source;
地热能换热器16，用于将携热介质的热量传递给的中间传热介质；The geothermal energy heat exchanger 16 is used to transfer the heat of the heat-carrying medium to the intermediate heat-transfer medium;
循环泵17，用于驱动传热介质流动，通过传热介质从太阳能聚光集热系统18中吸收热量，然后传热给储热装置换热器19、太阳能加热器5、太阳能补热器22、溴化锂吸收式制冷机23；The circulation pump 17 is used to drive the flow of the heat transfer medium, absorb heat from the solar concentrating heat collection system 18 through the heat transfer medium, and then transfer the heat to the heat storage device heat exchanger 19, solar heater 5, and solar heat supplement 22 , lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 23;
太阳能聚光集热系统18，用于吸收太阳光辐射能量并转换为热能，；Solar energy concentrating heat collection system 18, used to absorb solar radiation energy and convert it into heat energy;
储热装置换热器19，用于将太阳能热传递给储热装置20；Heat storage device heat exchanger 19 for transferring solar heat to heat storage device 20;
储热装置20，用于储存太阳能热；heat storage device 20 for storing solar heat;
三通切换阀21，用于切换传热介质流经储热装置换热器19或流经太阳能聚光集热系统18；The three-way switching valve 21 is used to switch the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat storage device heat exchanger 19 or through the solar energy concentrating heat collection system 18;
太阳能补热器22，用于加热来自地热能换热器16的中间传热介质；Solar heat supplement 22, used for heating the intermediate heat transfer medium from geothermal energy heat exchanger 16;
溴化锂吸收式制冷机23，用于产生冷量，冷量通过冷媒输出至冷却器24，产生的热量由冷却塔25排出；The lithium bromide absorption refrigerating machine 23 is used to generate cold energy, which is output to the cooler 24 through the refrigerant, and the generated heat is discharged by the cooling tower 25;
冷却器24，用于冷却来自预冷器12的二氧化碳工质，再进入压缩机1；The cooler 24 is used to cool the carbon dioxide working fluid from the precooler 12 before entering the compressor 1;
冷却塔25，用于将溴化锂吸收式制冷机排出热量释放至环境中。The cooling tower 25 is used to release the heat exhausted by the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator into the environment.
系统的各个设备之间通过管道连接，根据系统控制需要，管道上可布置阀门、流体机械、仪表。组成系统的其它部分还有辅助设施、电气系统、仪控系统等，以及为满足安全、环保要求的设施。The various devices of the system are connected by pipelines, and valves, fluid machinery, and instruments can be arranged on the pipelines according to the needs of system control. Other parts of the system include auxiliary facilities, electrical systems, instrument control systems, etc., as well as facilities to meet safety and environmental protection requirements.
压缩机1、低温回热器2、地热能加热器3、高温回热器4、太阳能加热器5、第一旁路阀6、第二旁路阀7、锅炉8及其空气预热器9、透平10、发电机11、预冷器12、冷却器24构成超临界二氧化碳循环回路。Compressor 1, low temperature regenerator 2, geothermal energy heater 3, high temperature regenerator 4, solar heater 5, first bypass valve 6, second bypass valve 7, boiler 8 and its air preheater 9 , turbine 10, generator 11, precooler 12, and cooler 24 form a supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop.
注入泵13、注入井14、生产井15、地热能换热器16构成地热注采回路。The injection pump 13, the injection well 14, the production well 15, and the geothermal energy heat exchanger 16 constitute a geothermal injection-production circuit.
循环泵17、太阳能聚光集热系统18、储热装置换热器19、储热装置20、三通切换阀21、太阳能补热器22、溴化锂吸收式制冷机23、冷却器24、冷却塔25构成太阳能热转换回路。Circulation pump 17, solar concentrated heat collection system 18, heat storage device heat exchanger 19, heat storage device 20, three-way switching valve 21, solar heat supplement 22, lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 23, cooler 24, cooling tower 25 forms a solar thermal conversion loop.
超临界二氧化碳循环回路通过地热能加热器3及连接管路与地热注采回路相联。The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop is connected with the geothermal injection-production loop through the geothermal energy heater 3 and connecting pipelines.
超临界二氧化碳循环回路通过太阳能加热器5、冷却器24及连接管路与太阳能热转换回路相联。The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop is connected with the solar heat conversion loop through the solar heater 5, the cooler 24 and the connecting pipeline.
太阳能热转换回路通过太阳能补热器22及连接管路与地热能注采回路相联。The solar thermal conversion circuit is connected with the geothermal energy injection and production circuit through the solar heat supplement 22 and the connecting pipeline.
上述的基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统的工作方法如下：The working method of the above-mentioned multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle is as follows:
当超临界二氧化碳循环回路在额定负载下发电时，地热注采回路保持稳定的地热采集量，太阳能热转换回路的供热量会随着昼夜变化或天气变化有所起伏，随着太阳能加热器5热功率的变化，锅炉8调节热功率，使总的热功率保持稳定。在这样的额定工况下，注入泵13将冷态的携热介质通过注入井14输入至地热源，热态的携热介质从生产井15产出，然后进入地热能换热器16，地热能换热器16通过中间传热介质将地热能经太阳能补热器22补热后传递给地热能加热器3。当有足够的太阳光照时，太阳能聚光集热系统18吸收太阳光辐射热量，三通切换阀21切换至循环泵17的进口与储热装置换热器19相通，在循环泵17的驱动下传热介质从太阳能聚光集热系统18吸收热量，加热后的传热介质一部分通过储热装置换热器19将热量传递给储热装置20，另一部分传递给太阳能加热器5和太阳能补热器22，由于光照强烈时气温也可能较高，则将太阳能补热器22输出的传热介质驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷机23工作，产生冷量，通过冷却器24冷却二氧化碳工质，产生的热量从冷却塔25释放至环境。日落后，将三通切换阀21切换至循环泵17的出口与储热装置换热器19相通，且传热介质不进入太阳能聚光集热系统18，储热装置20将储存的热量通过储热装置换热器19传递给传热介质，再送往太阳能加热器5和太阳能补热器22，并根据需要决定是否将传热介质输入溴化锂吸收式制冷机23。当没有太阳能热可用时，太阳能热转换回路不工作，通过第一旁路阀6旁路太阳能加热器5。在超临界二氧化碳循环回路中，压缩机1将冷态的二氧化碳工质增压至高压，之后分为两路，一路通往低温回热器2吸收热量，另一路通往地热能加热器3吸收热量，然后两路汇合进入高温回热器4吸收热量，接着通往太阳能加热器5吸收热量，再根据需要决定是否进入锅炉8补热，如果不需要则通过第二旁路阀7旁路锅炉8，锅炉8的热功率根据太阳能加热器5的热功率调节，锅炉8排烟热量通过空气预热器9回收部分热量，从第二旁路阀7或锅炉8出来的高温高压二氧化碳工质进入透平10膨胀做功，推动压缩机1和发电机11工作，透平10排出的二氧化碳工质的温度和压力降低，依次进入高温回热器4的低压侧、低温回热器2的低压侧，并将热量回给高压侧的二氧化碳工质，接着进入预冷器12、冷却器24降温，最后再回到压缩机1，如此完成超临界二氧化碳循环发电。When the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop generates power under rated load, the geothermal injection and production loop maintains a stable amount of geothermal heat collection, and the heat supply of the solar thermal conversion loop will fluctuate with diurnal changes or weather changes. With the solar heater 5 The boiler 8 adjusts the heating power to keep the total heating power stable. Under such rated working conditions, the injection pump 13 inputs the cold heat-carrying medium to the geothermal source through the injection well 14, and the hot heat-carrying medium is output from the production well 15, and then enters the geothermal energy heat exchanger 16, and The thermal energy heat exchanger 16 transfers the geothermal energy to the geothermal energy heater 3 after supplemented by the solar heat supplement 22 through the intermediate heat transfer medium. When there is enough sunlight, the solar concentrating heat collection system 18 absorbs the heat of solar radiation, and the three-way switching valve 21 switches to the inlet of the circulation pump 17 and communicates with the heat exchanger 19 of the heat storage device. Driven by the circulation pump 17 The heat transfer medium absorbs heat from the solar concentrated heat collection system 18, and part of the heated heat transfer medium transfers heat to the heat storage device 20 through the heat storage device heat exchanger 19, and the other part is transferred to the solar heater 5 and solar supplementary heat 22, because the temperature may be higher when the light is strong, the heat transfer medium output by the solar heat supplement 22 drives the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 23 to work to generate cold energy, and the carbon dioxide working medium is cooled by the cooler 24 to generate heat Release from cooling tower 25 to the environment. After sunset, switch the three-way switching valve 21 to the outlet of the circulation pump 17 and communicate with the heat exchanger 19 of the heat storage device. The heat exchanger 19 of the heat device transfers the heat transfer medium to the solar heater 5 and the solar supplementary heat device 22, and decides whether to input the heat transfer medium into the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator 23 as required. When no solar heat is available, the solar heat conversion circuit does not work, bypassing the solar heater 5 through the first bypass valve 6 . In the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation circuit, the compressor 1 pressurizes the cold carbon dioxide working medium to high pressure, and then divides into two paths, one leads to the low-temperature regenerator 2 to absorb heat, and the other leads to the geothermal energy heater 3 for absorption Then the two paths converge and enter the high temperature regenerator 4 to absorb heat, then lead to the solar heater 5 to absorb heat, and then decide whether to enter the boiler 8 to supplement the heat according to the needs, if not, bypass the boiler through the second bypass valve 7 8. The thermal power of the boiler 8 is adjusted according to the thermal power of the solar heater 5. The exhaust heat of the boiler 8 recovers part of the heat through the air preheater 9, and the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide working fluid from the second bypass valve 7 or the boiler 8 enters Turbine 10 expands to do work, pushes compressor 1 and generator 11 to work, the temperature and pressure of the carbon dioxide working medium discharged from turbine 10 decreases, and enters the low-pressure side of high-temperature regenerator 4 and the low-pressure side of low-temperature regenerator 2 in sequence, And return the heat to the carbon dioxide working medium on the high-pressure side, then enter the precooler 12 and cooler 24 to cool down, and finally return to the compressor 1, thus completing the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation.
额定工况下，假设压缩机1进口温度为30℃，透平10进口温度550℃，透平10进口压力20MPa，透平10排气压力7.5MPa，透平10等熵效率90％，压缩机1等熵效率85％，低温回热器2和高温回热器4的最小温差10℃，并考虑循环的各种损失后计算得到超临界二氧化碳循环效率约为38％。假设地热能热功率为30MW，温度约为180℃；太阳能热功率为60MW(不用于制冷)，温度约为500℃；锅炉8的热功率为40MW；则系统发电功率约为49.4MWe。如果地热能、太阳能、锅炉热能采用常规发电方式各自独立发电，乐观估计：地热能发电效率10％、太阳能发电效率40％、锅炉热能发电效率45％，则总发电功率约为45MWe。这种情况下，基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统发电量比常规发电系统增加9.8％，且发电量提升率随着太阳能热功率的增大而递增。假设没有太阳能，地热能加热器3的热功率仍保持为30MW；锅炉8的热功率为100MW；则系统发电功率仍然约为49.4MWe。对应地，地热能、锅炉热能采用常规发电方式各自独立发电功率约为48MWe。这种情况下，基于超临界二氧化碳循环的多能混合发电系统发电量比常规发电系统增加2.9％。Under rated working conditions, assume that the inlet temperature of compressor 1 is 30°C, the inlet temperature of turbine 10 is 550°C, the inlet pressure of turbine 10 is 20MPa, the discharge pressure of turbine 10 is 7.5MPa, the isentropic efficiency of turbine 10 is 90%, and the compressor 1 The isentropic efficiency is 85%, the minimum temperature difference between the low-temperature regenerator 2 and the high-temperature regenerator 4 is 10°C, and after considering various losses in the cycle, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle efficiency is calculated to be about 38%. Assume that the thermal power of geothermal energy is 30MW, and the temperature is about 180°C; the thermal power of solar energy is 60MW (not used for cooling), and the temperature is about 500°C; the thermal power of boiler 8 is 40MW; then the power generation of the system is about 49.4MWe. If geothermal energy, solar energy, and boiler thermal energy are independently generated by conventional power generation methods, optimistically estimated: the efficiency of geothermal energy generation is 10%, the efficiency of solar power generation is 40%, and the efficiency of boiler thermal energy generation is 45%, then the total power generation power is about 45MWe. In this case, the power generation of the multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle is 9.8% higher than that of the conventional power generation system, and the increase rate of power generation increases with the increase of solar thermal power. Assuming that there is no solar energy, the thermal power of the geothermal energy heater 3 remains at 30MW; the thermal power of the boiler 8 is 100MW; then the power generation of the system is still about 49.4MWe. Correspondingly, geothermal energy and boiler thermal energy use conventional power generation methods to independently generate power of about 48MWe. In this case, the power generation of the multi-energy hybrid power generation system based on the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle is 2.9% higher than that of the conventional power generation system.
当超临界二氧化碳循环回路在部分负载下发电时，可通过减少生产井15的地热能采集量、太阳能聚光集热系统18的太阳能热采集量、锅炉8热功率的方法实现。太阳能有间歇性问题，地热能不存在类似问题，地热能的热功率可占总热功率的20％以上，配上锅炉后，发电系统具有较好的提供基本负荷的能力，在调峰工况下，地热能的热功率可在0％～100％间任意调整，减少了锅炉的调峰压力，整个发电系统的调峰性能较好。When the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop generates power under partial load, it can be realized by reducing the amount of geothermal energy collected by the production well 15, the amount of solar heat collected by the solar concentrating heat collection system 18, and the thermal power of the boiler 8. Solar energy has intermittent problems, and geothermal energy does not have similar problems. The thermal power of geothermal energy can account for more than 20% of the total thermal power. After being equipped with boilers, the power generation system has a better ability to provide basic load. Under this circumstance, the thermal power of geothermal energy can be adjusted arbitrarily between 0% and 100%, which reduces the peak-shaving pressure of the boiler, and the peak-shaving performance of the entire power generation system is better.
超临界二氧化碳循环回路还可以通过系统优化、压缩机中间冷却、透平再热等方法进一步提高循环效率。The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation loop can further improve the cycle efficiency through system optimization, compressor intercooling, turbine reheating and other methods.
应当理解的是，虽然在这里可能使用量术语“第一”、“第二”等等来描述各个单元，但是这些单元不应当受这些术语限制。使用这些术语仅仅是为了将一个单元与另一个单元进行区分。举例来说，在不背离示例性实施例的范围的情况下，第一单元可以被称为第二单元，并且类似地第二单元可以被称为第一单元。It will be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments.
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明方法的前提下，还将可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本发明的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变，均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any form and in essence. Several improvements and supplements can be made, and these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Those who are familiar with this profession, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when they can use the technical content disclosed above to make some changes, modifications and equivalent changes of evolution, are all included in the present invention. Equivalent embodiments; at the same time, all changes, modifications and evolutions of any equivalent changes made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the substantive technology of the present invention still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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| 张一帆 ; 王生鹏 ; 刘文娟 ; 陈渝楠 ; 王月明 ; 李红智 ; .超临界二氧化碳再压缩再热火力发电系统关键参数的研究.动力工程学报.2016,(第10期),全文. * |
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