CN103670970A - Combined cooling, heating and power device and method for gradient utilization of solar energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling, heating and power multi-supply device and method for realizing cascaded utilization of solar energy. The device includes a heat conduction oil pump, a solar heat collector, a steam generator, a steam turbine or an expander, a generator, and a hot water heat exchanger , solution heater, condenser, liquid storage tank, working fluid pump, solution reheater, solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit; The invention combines the characteristics of the solution dehumidification air conditioner with wide heat source adaptability (40-70°C), utilizes the heat contained in the expanded working medium, and realizes the output of summer cooling capacity in the system. In winter, the heat of the expanded working medium is exchanged to meet heating and hot water needs.

Description

A multi-cooling, heating and power supply device and method for realizing cascaded utilization of solar energy

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical scope of comprehensive and high-efficiency utilization of energy, and is a method and device for multi-cooling, heating and power supply for cascaded utilization of solar energy, and specifically relates to a system for comprehensive utilization of mid- and low-temperature heat energy of solar energy.

Background technique

As an important energy source among renewable clean energy sources, solar energy is inexhaustible, and more and more attention has been paid to its development and utilization. At present, the most common use of solar energy is the direct utilization of solar water heaters. In terms of power generation, there are technologies such as high-temperature solar thermal power generation and solar photovoltaic power generation. High-temperature solar thermal power generation needs to obtain high temperature through focusing, and the cost is often relatively high. The collection of medium and low temperature solar energy is relatively easy, the initial cost is low, and the technical difficulty is not great. Therefore, medium and low temperature solar thermal power generation technology has received more and more attention in recent years. Among them, organic Rankine cycle technology is a power cycle technology that can effectively utilize medium and low temperature heat sources. It uses expanders or steam turbines to convert heat absorbed from heat sources into power to drive generators to generate electricity. The expanded working fluid usually directly enters the condenser for condensation, and then becomes a liquid, and the heat of condensation is directly taken away by the condensing medium for discharge, which means waste of energy to a certain extent. However, in order to achieve continuous operation of the solution dehumidification air-conditioning technology, the solution needs to be regenerated, and the regeneration process needs to be driven by a heat source at a certain temperature. In view of the wide temperature range of solution regeneration of this air conditioning technology, the heat of the expanded working fluid is used for solution regeneration to realize comprehensive cascade utilization of energy and at the same time enable the system to output external cooling capacity.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-cooling, heating and power multi-supply device that realizes cascaded utilization of solar energy, a device that efficiently utilizes solar energy for refrigeration, power generation, dehumidification, and heat supply, and can use the collected solar energy for power generation. The cascade comprehensive utilization of solar energy realizes the output of cold and heat, and realizes the combined production of cold, heat and power.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cooling, heating and power multi-generation device for cascaded utilization of solar energy. The device includes a heat transfer oil pump, a solar collector, a steam generator, a steam turbine or an expander, and generates electricity Machine, hot water heat exchanger, solution heater, condenser, liquid storage tank, working medium pump, solution reheater, solution dehumidification air conditioning unit (12);

The device mainly includes three circuits, namely heat transfer oil circuit, power cycle working medium circuit and solution circuit;

Among them, the outlet end of the heat transfer oil pump in the heat transfer oil circuit is connected to the inlet end of the solar heat collector, the outlet end of the solar heat collector is connected to the oil side inlet end of the steam generator, and the oil side outlet end of the steam generator is connected to the solution again. The oil measuring inlet of the heater is connected, and the oil measuring outlet of the solution reheater is connected with the inlet of the heat conduction oil pump;

In the working medium circuit of the power cycle, the outlet end of the working medium side of the steam generator is connected to the inlet end of the steam turbine or expander, the shaft end of the steam turbine or expander is connected to the shaft end of the generator, and the outlet end of the steam turbine or expander is respectively connected to the The inlet end of the hot water heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the solution heater, the outlet end of the working medium of the hot water heat exchanger and the solution heater is connected to the inlet end of the condenser, and the outlet end of the condenser is connected to the outlet end of the liquid storage tank. The inlet end is connected, the outlet end of the liquid storage tank is connected with the inlet end of the working medium pump, and the outlet end of the working medium pump is connected with the working medium side inlet end of the steam generator;

In the solution loop, the solution outlet of the solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit is connected to the solution inlet of the solution heater, the solution outlet of the solution heater is connected to the solution reheater and the inlet of the solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit respectively, and the solution reheater solution The outlet port is connected with the solution inlet port of the solution dehumidification air conditioning unit.

Preferably, the solar heat collector directly uses the power cycle working fluid as the heat medium to form a direct system, or uses heat transfer oil as the heat medium to transfer heat to the cycle working fluid through a heat exchanger to form an indirect system.

The present invention also provides a multi-cooling, heating and power generation method for cascaded utilization of solar energy. The method includes the following steps: the solar energy collected by the solar heat collector is transmitted to the power cycle working medium in the steam generator to make the temperature It rises to become steam; the working medium steam generated after heating enters the steam turbine or expander to make it work externally to drive the generator to generate electricity and output electric energy; by switching the valve, the exhaust gas of the steam turbine or expander enters the hot water heat exchanger to realize The production of hot water is used for domestic hot water or heating output; or the exhaust gas of the steam turbine or expander enters the solution heater, combined with the solution reheater to heat the solution to achieve regeneration, thereby driving the solution dehumidification air conditioning unit to achieve cooling capacity output.

Beneficial effect:

1. The device makes cascade utilization of the collected solar energy, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency is improved;

2. Combined with the solution dehumidification air-conditioning system, the condensation heat in the high-temperature section that should have been discharged is recovered and rationally utilized to realize the cooling output of the system;

3. In winter, the condensation heat of the high temperature section can be effectively used to realize the heating function.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the device and structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device and structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Among them: heat conduction oil pump 1, solar collector 2, steam generator 3, steam turbine 4, generator 5, hot water heat exchanger 6, solution heater 7, condenser 8, liquid storage tank 9, working medium pump 10 , solution reheater 11, solution dehumidification air conditioning unit 12.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The invention includes a solar heat collecting device, an organic Rankine cycle power device, a solution dehumidification air conditioning device, a domestic hot water device, and a winter heating device. In the solar heat collection module, the heat transfer medium such as heat transfer oil is used as the heat-absorbing carrier to transport the absorbed solar energy to the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the power cycle working fluid or directly pass the power cycle working fluid into the heat collector to absorb solar energy. In the organic Rankine power cycle, the working medium absorbs heat in the heat exchanger and becomes a high-pressure gas, which drives the steam turbine or expander to do work, and drives the generator to output electric energy. The expanded working fluid first passes through the solution heater or hot water heat exchanger, then flows through the condenser and is condensed by the condensing medium to become liquid, then flows to the liquid storage tank, and is then pressurized and transported to the steam generator by the working fluid pump. In summer, in the solution dehumidification air-conditioning device, the heat carried by the organic Rankine cycle working fluid after expansion is used to drive the regeneration of the solution. Use this heat to drive the solution dehumidification air conditioner to realize the output of cooling capacity; in winter, use the heat brought by the organic Rankine cycle working fluid after expansion to obtain hot water at a certain temperature, which is used to provide domestic hot water and heating. The system makes effective cascade utilization of the collected solar energy. The high-temperature section is used for organic Rankine cycle power generation. The expanded working fluid still has a certain amount of low-temperature heat, and this part of heat energy is used for solution dehumidification and air-conditioning system solution in summer. Regeneration, direct heat exchange in winter to generate a certain amount of hot water for domestic hot water or heating.

A preferred solution of the present invention is: the solar thermal collector is sequentially connected with a heat transfer oil pump, a solar thermal collector and a steam generator to form a circulation device, the inlet of the steam generator is connected with the working medium pump, The outlet of the steam generator is connected with the steam turbine or expander. In the solar heat collection device, the heat transfer oil is used as the circulating working fluid for the heat transfer carrier to transport the absorbed solar energy to the steam generator for heat exchange with the low boiling point working fluid in the other power cycle, and the working fluid absorbs heat and becomes high pressure The gas drives the steam turbine or expander to do work, and drives the generator to output electric energy. The expanded working fluid passes through the solution heater or the hot water heat exchanger, then passes through the condenser to become a liquid working medium, flows into the liquid storage tank, and is then pressurized and transported to the steam generator by the working medium pump. This forms a complete organic Rankine power cycle. In the part of the solution heater, the dilute solution absorbs heat from the expanded working fluid to increase the temperature of the solution, and the solution at the outlet of the solution heater can be connected to the solution reheater by pipes for re-exchange according to the working conditions. After that, the concentrated solution is input into the solution dehumidification device to realize the dehumidification and cooling output of the environment. In the hot water heat exchanger, the heat carried by the expanded working fluid is used to heat the cold water to realize the production of domestic hot water and heating water in winter.

Another solution of the present invention is: the solar heat collector is directly a solar heat collector, the inlet of the solar heat collector is connected to the working medium pump, and the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected to the steam turbine Or the expander is connected, and the power cycle working medium is directly passed into the heat collector to absorb solar energy for circulation.

In order to further utilize heat, the cooling medium in the condenser is water, and the heat of condensation can be utilized as a heat source of low-temperature hot water.

The invention adopts low-boiling-point organic working fluid to absorb collected solar energy and turn it into working fluid steam to drive a steam turbine or an expander to drive a generator to generate electricity and output electric energy. At the same time, in summer, the heat of the expanded working medium is used to regenerate the solution, driving the solution dehumidification air-conditioning system to obtain a certain cooling capacity; in winter, the hot water heat exchanger is directly used to generate hot water, providing heat output for heating.

The cooling, heating and power multi-generation device for cascaded utilization of solar energy provided by the present invention includes a heat conduction oil pump 1, a solar heat collector 2, a steam generator 3, a steam turbine or an expander 4, a generator 5, and a hot water heat exchange 6, solution heater 7, condenser 8, liquid storage tank 9, working fluid pump 10, solution reheater 11, solution dehumidification air conditioning unit 12;

The device mainly includes three circuits, namely heat transfer oil circuit, power cycle working medium circuit and solution circuit;

Wherein, the outlet end of the heat transfer oil pump 1 in the heat transfer oil circuit is connected to the inlet end of the solar heat collector 2, the outlet end of the solar heat collector 2 is connected to the oil side inlet end of the steam generator 3, and the oil side of the steam generator 3 The outlet end is connected to the oil measuring inlet end of the solution reheater 11, and the oil measuring outlet end of the solution reheater 11 is connected to the inlet end of the heat conduction oil pump 1;

In the working medium circuit of the power cycle, the outlet end of the steam generator 3 on the working medium side is connected to the inlet end of the steam turbine or expander 4, the shaft end of the steam turbine or expander 4 is connected to the shaft end of the generator 5, and the steam turbine or expander 4 The outlet ports of the hot water heat exchanger 6 and the inlet port of the solution heater 7 are connected respectively, and the working medium outlet ports of the hot water heat exchanger 6 and the solution heater 7 are connected with the inlet port of the condenser 8, The outlet end of the condenser 8 is connected to the inlet end of the liquid storage tank 9, the outlet end of the liquid storage tank 9 is connected to the inlet end of the working medium pump 10, and the outlet end of the working medium pump 10 is connected to the working medium side inlet of the steam generator 3 end connected;

In the solution circuit, the solution outlet end of the solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit 12 is connected to the solution inlet end of the solution heater 7, and the solution outlet end of the solution heater 7 is respectively connected to the solution reheater 11 and the inlet end of the solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit 12, The solution outlet port of the solution reheater 11 is connected with the solution inlet port of the solution dehumidification air conditioning unit 12 .

The solar heat collector 2 directly uses the power cycle working medium as the heat medium to form a direct system, or uses heat transfer oil as the heat medium to transfer heat to the cycle work medium through a heat exchanger to form an indirect system.

The present invention also provides a multi-cooling, heating and power generation method for cascaded utilization of solar energy. The method includes the following steps: the solar energy collected by the solar heat collector 2 is transferred to the power cycle working fluid in the steam generator 3, so that The temperature rises and turns into steam; the working medium steam generated after heating enters the steam turbine or the expander 4 to make it work externally to drive the generator 5 to generate electricity and output electric energy; by switching the valve, the exhaust gas of the steam turbine or the expander 4 enters the hot water The heat exchanger 6 realizes the production of hot water, which is used for domestic hot water or heating output; or the exhaust gas of the steam turbine or the expander 4 enters the solution heater 7, and combines with the solution reheater 11 to heat the solution to realize regeneration, thereby The solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit 12 is driven to output cooling capacity.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1, a method and device for multi-cooling, heating and power supply for cascaded utilization of solar energy, mainly composed of a solar heat collection device, an organic Rankine power cycle device, a solution dehumidification air-conditioning device, and domestic hot water device and a heating device. The solar heat collecting device is composed of a heat conduction oil pump 1, a solar heat collector 2, a steam generator 3 and a solution reheater 11 connected in sequence to form a circulation device. The working medium side outlet of the steam generator 3 is connected to the steam turbine or expander 4, the steam turbine or expander 4 is connected to the generator 5, and the working medium outlet of the steam turbine or expander 4 is connected to the The solution heater 6 or the hot water heat exchanger 7 are connected, and the working medium side outlet of the hot water heat exchanger 6 or the solution heater 7 is connected with the condenser 8, the liquid storage tank 9 and the working medium pump 10 in sequence, and finally the The outlet of the working medium pump 10 is connected with the inlet of the steam generator 3 to form an organic Rankine power cycle. The solution side outlet of the solution heater 7 is connected to the solution reheater 11 and then connected to the solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit 12 or directly connected to the solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit 12 . The outlet of the water side of the hot water heat exchanger 6 is directly connected to the domestic hot water device or the heating terminal device, and the inlet is connected to the domestic water supply pipeline or the heating return pipeline.

The heat transfer oil is used as the circulation medium in the solar heat collection device. In this cycle, the heat transfer oil first passes through the heat conduction oil pump 1, then enters the solar heat collector 2, and is connected to the steam generator 3 through pipelines for heat exchange, and then returns to the heat conduction pump after the heat exchange. Inlet of oil pump 1. In the power cycle, the working medium is heated in the steam generator 3 to form a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which enters the steam turbine or the expander 4 to perform expansion and work, drives the generator 5, and then flows through the hot water heat exchanger 6 or solution heating 7, then flows through the condenser 8 to be cooled into a liquid state, and then connected to the liquid storage tank 9 and the working medium pump 10, and returns to the steam generator 3 after pressurization, thus forming the entire power cycle. When the condenser 8 uses water as the cooling medium, the heat of condensation can be utilized as a heat source for low-temperature hot water. In the solution dehumidification air conditioner unit, the dilute solution comes out of the unit and flows through the solution heater 7 to be heated. When the dehumidification load is relatively large, it can also flow through the solution reheater 11 to be further heated by the heat transfer oil, and then return to the solution dehumidification In the air conditioning unit, the output of dehumidification and cooling is realized. In the hot water heat exchanger 6, the expanded working fluid is used to produce hot water for domestic hot water or heating.

Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 2, a method and device for multi-cooling, heating and power supply for cascaded utilization of solar energy, mainly consisting of a solar collector 2, a steam turbine or an expander 4, a generator 5, and a solution heater 6 , a hot water heat exchanger 7, a condenser 8, a liquid storage tank 9, a working medium pump 10, and a solution dehumidification air conditioning unit 12. The outlet of the solar heat collector 2 is connected with the steam turbine or expander 4, the steam turbine or expander 4 is connected with the engine 5, and the steam outlet of the steam turbine or expander 4 exchanges heat with the hot water After being connected to the condenser 6 or the solution heater 7, it is connected to the condenser 8, and then connected to the liquid storage tank 9 and the working medium pump 10 in turn to form a power cycle. The solution part is that the dilute solution flows through the solution heater 6 to be heated, and then flows into the solution dehumidification air-conditioning unit to realize dehumidification and refrigeration output; the hot water heat exchanger 6 uses the expanded working fluid to realize the output of hot water for Domestic hot water or heating.

The working medium with low boiling point is used as the circulating medium. After being heated in the solar collector 2, the working medium forms a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which enters the steam turbine or the expander 4 to perform expansion and work, drives the generator 5, and then flows through the hot water exchange in turn. Heater 6 or solution heater 7, then flows through condenser 8 to be cooled to a liquid state, then connects to liquid storage tank 9 and working medium pump 10, returns to steam generator 3 after pressurization, thus forming a whole power cycle. When the condenser 8 uses water as the cooling medium, the heat of condensation can be utilized as a heat source for low-temperature hot water. In the solution dehumidification air conditioner unit, the dilute solution flows from the unit through the solution heater 6 to be heated, and then returns to the solution dehumidification air conditioner unit to realize the output of dehumidification and refrigeration. In the hot water heat exchanger 6, the expanded working fluid is used to produce hot water for domestic hot water or heating.

As stated above, while the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, this should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. solar energy is realized to a cool and thermal power multiple-supplying device for cascade utilization, be it is characterized in that: this device comprises Heat-transfer Oil Pump (1) solar thermal collector (2), steam generator (3), steam turbine or decompressor (4), generator (5), hot water heat exchanger (6), solution heater (7), condenser (8), liquid container (9), working medium pump (10), solution reheater (11), liquid desiccant air conditioning unit (12);

This device mainly comprises three kinds of loops, is respectively conduction oil loop, power cycle working medium loop and solution loop;

Wherein, the outlet end of Heat-transfer Oil Pump in conduction oil loop (1) is connected with the entrance point of solar thermal collector (2), the outlet end of solar thermal collector (2) is connected with the oily side-entrance end of steam generator (3), the oily side outlet end of steam generator (3) is surveyed entrance point with the oil of solution reheater (11) and is connected, and the oil of solution reheater (11) is surveyed outlet end and is connected with the entrance point of Heat-transfer Oil Pump (1);

In power cycle working medium loop, the working medium side outlet end of steam generator (3) is connected with the entrance point of steam turbine or decompressor (4), the axle head of steam turbine or decompressor (4) is connected with the axle head of generator (5), the outlet end of steam turbine or decompressor (4) is connected with the entrance point of solution heater (7) with the entrance point of hot water heat exchanger (6) respectively, the sender property outlet end of hot water heat exchanger (6) and solution heater (7) is all connected with the entrance point of condenser (8), the outlet end of condenser (8) is connected with the entrance point of liquid container (9), the outlet end of liquid container (9) is connected with the entrance point of working medium pump (10), the outlet end of working medium pump (10) is connected with the working medium side entrance point of steam generator (3),

In solution loop, the taphole end of liquid desiccant air conditioning unit (12) is connected with the solution inlet port end of solution heater (7), the taphole end of solution heater (7) is connected with the entrance point of liquid desiccant air conditioning unit (12) with solution reheater (11) respectively, and the taphole end of solution reheater (11) is connected with the solution inlet port end of liquid desiccant air conditioning unit (12).

2. the cool and thermal power multiple-supplying device of solar energy being realized to cascade utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described solar thermal collector (2), directly using power cycle working medium as thermal medium, form direct-type system, or adopt conduction oil through heat exchanger, to transfer heat to cycle fluid formation indirection type system as thermal medium.

3. a cool and thermal power multiple-supplying method that solar energy is realized to cascade utilization, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps: that the collected solar energy of solar thermal collector (2) passes to the power cycle working medium in steam generator (3), makes it temperature rising and becomes steam; The working substance steam producing after heating enters steam turbine or decompressor (4), makes it externally acting and drives generator (5) generating, output electric energy; By switch valve, make the exhaust of steam turbine or decompressor (4) enter hot water heat exchanger (6), realize producing of hot water, for domestic hot-water or heating output; Or the exhaust that makes steam turbine or decompressor (4) enters solution heater (7), binding soln reheater (11) makes solution heating realize regeneration, thereby drives liquid desiccant air conditioning unit (12) to realize the output of cold.

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