Photo-thermal solar assisted cold, heat and electricity triple supply system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a cold, heat, electricity trigeminy supplies system, especially a cold, heat, electricity trigeminy supplies system that optothermal solar energy is supplementary.
Background
China is the country with the most population in the world, and the national economic development faces the dual pressure of resources and environment. From the view of the amount of human-averaged fossil energy resources, coal resources are only 60% of the world's average level, oil is only 10% of the world's average level, and natural gas is only 5%. From the perspective of energy production and consumption, China has become the second largest energy producing country and the second largest energy consuming country in the world at present, and environmental pollution caused by mass production and use of fossil energy is very serious.
A Combined Cooling, Heating and Power (CCHP) system is a system derived from a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system, and the system is a Combined heat and Power system which is established on the basis of the concept of cascade utilization of energy and generates heat, electricity and cold by taking combustible gas (including natural gas, methane, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas and the like) as primary energy. The system utilizes equipment such as a small gas turbine, a gas internal combustion engine, a micro-combustion engine and the like to combust fuel to obtain high-temperature flue gas which is firstly used for power generation and then used for refrigeration and heating by utilizing waste heat; if the sulfur content of the fuel is very low, domestic hot water can be provided through the low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger, and exhaust energy is fully utilized. The energy utilization rate is improved to more than 80 percent, and a large amount of primary energy is saved. However, the cold, hot and electricity triple supply system needs three loads of cold, hot and electricity to be matched for operation, otherwise, the high-efficiency energy utilization rate cannot be achieved; the difference of the three loads of cold, heat and electricity in the area is large along with the difference of factors such as the area, the climate, the day and night, and the like, so that the three loads of cold, heat and electricity which are matched are not easy to obtain. From the current domestic situation, the area is very few, and most areas are insufficient in cold and heat load after the electric load is satisfied. Therefore, the single cold, heat and electricity combined supply system is difficult to exert the effect of high energy conversion rate in practical application.
The solar energy resource is abundant, inexhaustible and inexhaustible; the method has no regional limitation, can be directly developed and utilized, and does not need to be mined and transported; the development and utilization of solar energy can not cause any pollution to the environment, and is one of the cleanest energy sources; however, the solar radiation has strong dispersibility and low energy flux density, and energy with certain power can be obtained only by virtue of collecting and converting equipment. However, the collection of solar energy is limited by natural conditions such as day and night, season, geographical latitude and altitude, and random factors such as sunny, cloudy and rain, and the problems of discontinuity and poor stability of solar radiation are always insurmountable. In addition, in cold regions, when the heat collection field stops operating, additional facilities are needed to perform anti-freezing protection on the heat-carrying working medium and the energy storage working medium.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems of the single cold, heat and electricity triple supply system and the solar photo-thermal system mentioned above in practical application, the present invention aims to provide a cold, heat and electricity triple supply system assisted by photo-thermal solar energy. By utilizing the photo-thermal solar energy to assist the cold, heat and electricity triple co-generation system, the problem that the maximum energy conversion rate cannot be achieved due to mismatching of three loads in a single cold, heat and electricity triple co-generation system can be effectively solved, and the problem that the single solar photo-thermal system cannot continuously run is also avoided.
The utility model discloses a system specifically includes:
the system comprises a fuel supply subsystem, a fuel type cold, heat and electricity triple supply subsystem, a refrigeration system, a heat supply system, a solar photo-thermal system and a parallel switching pipe system; the fuel type combined cooling, heating and power supply subsystem and the solar photo-thermal system are connected with the refrigerating system and the heating system through a parallel switching pipe system; wherein,
the fuel supply subsystem supplies fuel for the fuel type cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem;
the fuel type cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem generates electric energy by utilizing the combustion of fuel and simultaneously provides steam and/or hot water;
the solar photo-thermal system converts radiation energy of sunlight into heat energy and provides steam and/or hot water, and comprises a solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem, a heat-carrying working medium circulating pump and a steam-water generator which are sequentially connected through a heat-carrying working medium flow pipeline, wherein the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem collects the radiation energy of the sunlight and heats a heat-carrying working medium, the heat-carrying working medium circulating pump pumps the heated heat-carrying working medium into the steam-water generator, the heat-carrying working medium releases heat in the steam-water generator and generates steam and/or hot water, and finally the steam and/or hot water returns to the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem for sequential circulation;
steam and/or hot water generated by the solar photo-thermal system and the fuel type cold, hot and electricity triple supply subsystem are respectively supplied to the refrigerating system and/or the heating system through the parallel switching pipe system; the parallel switching piping system comprises a pipeline for circulating steam and/or hot water and a valve;
the heating system supplies heat to the outside, and the refrigerating system supplies refrigeration to the outside;
the energy storage subsystem stores part of heat energy generated by the solar energy optical energy system and can provide the stored heat energy to the vapor generator.
The solar photo-thermal system also comprises an energy storage subsystem (203) which is connected between the heat-carrying working medium circulating pump (202) and the vapor-water generator (204) through a heat-carrying working medium (205) circulating pipeline, stores part of heat energy generated by the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem (201), and can provide the stored heat energy to the vapor-water generator (204).
Wherein the fuel supply subsystem (101) adopts natural gas, methane or blast furnace and coke oven gas as fuel.
The cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem comprises a generator (104) and a generator driving device, wherein the generator driving device is an internal combustion engine, a small gas turbine or a micro gas turbine.
The solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem (201) is a groove type or tower type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system.
The cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem further comprises a waste heat boiler (105), and the waste heat boiler (105) is of a hot water type or a steam type.
In the cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem, a flue gas low-temperature heat exchanger (106) is arranged at the downstream of the waste heat boiler (105) and generates hot water by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas.
The refrigerating system (107) adopts a single-effect or double-effect lithium bromide refrigerating unit or an ammonia ice making unit.
Wherein the heat carrying working medium (205) is heat conducting oil.
The energy storage subsystem (203) stores heat energy by using an energy storage working medium, and the energy storage working medium is high-temperature molten salt.
The cold, heat and electricity triple supply subsystem provides anti-freezing protection hot steam for the solar photo-thermal system.
In the operation of the system of the utility model, the cold, heat and electricity triple supply subsystem fixes heat with electricity, and the part with insufficient cold and heat loads is supplemented by a light-heat solar system to provide a heat source; the system is mainly applied to small regional areas; considering the problems of unstable load, large day-night difference of cold, heat and electricity loads, and poor continuity and stability of solar radiation in a small area, an energy storage subsystem can be arranged, so that a system which is in coordinated operation can continuously and stably operate, and the conversion rate of energy can be maximized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the photo-thermal solar energy assisted cold, heat and electricity triple supply system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the photo-thermal solar energy assisted cold, heat and electricity triple supply system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The photo-thermal solar assisted cold, heat and electricity triple power supply system of the present invention will be further explained with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
As shown in the flow chart of fig. 1, the system provided by the present invention comprises: the system comprises a fuel supply subsystem, a cold, heat and electricity triple supply subsystem (comprising a gas compressor, a gas turbine, a generator, a waste heat boiler and a smoke low-temperature heat exchanger), a refrigeration system, a heat supply system, a solar energy optical energy system (a solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system, a heat-carrying working medium circulating pump and a steam water generator), an energy storage subsystem, a parallel switching pipe system and the like.
The operation flow of the system is that air passing through an air filtering system and fuel passing through a fuel supply subsystem 101 respectively enter an air compressor 102 and a gas turbine 103 to do work to drive a generator 104 to provide electric load, tail flue gas generated by combustion enters a waste heat boiler 105 to release heat and then is discharged into the atmosphere through a flue gas low-temperature heat exchanger 106, and therefore energy gradient utilization is achieved. The steam generated by the waste heat boiler 105 enters the refrigeration system 107 and the heating system 108 to realize cold and heat load supply. When the system is uncoordinated in operation and cannot meet the requirements of cold and heat loads along with the reduction of the electric load, the solar photo-thermal system is started, the heat source of the vapor generator 204 comes from the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem 201 and the energy storage subsystem 203, and the heat-carrying working medium circulating pump 202 is required for maintaining the operation of the whole system.
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following detailed description of the subsystems is provided with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
1. fuel supply subsystem 101
The fuel supply subsystem 101 can supply various combustible gas fuels such as natural gas, biogas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas and the like into the gas turbine 103 through a fuel filtering, compressing and other systems.
2. Cold, heat and electricity triple supply subsystem
The cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem comprises a cold, heat and electricity combined supply system; a thermal and electrical dual supply system; a cold and electric dual supply system.
The cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem utilizes the fuel passing through the fuel supply subsystem 101 and the air compressed by the air compressor 102 to be mixed in proportion and then do work in the gas turbine 103 to drive the generator 104 to generate electric energy, so that regional power supply is met.
The high-temperature flue gas after combustion work is sequentially fed into a waste heat boiler 105 and a flue gas low-temperature heat exchanger 106 and then discharged into the atmosphere, and high-temperature steam generated by the waste heat boiler 105 is respectively fed into a refrigerating system 107 and a heating system 108 according to requirements to meet the requirements of regional cold and heat loads; the waste heat boiler 105 can also directly generate hot water and supply heat in parallel with the hot water generated by the flue gas low-temperature heat exchanger 106.
3. Refrigeration system 107
The refrigeration system 107 is configured to drive the refrigeration equipment to generate a cooling load by using steam generated by the solar photo-thermal system or the waste heat boiler 105 of the cold, hot and electricity cogeneration subsystem, where the cooling load includes an air conditioning cooling load and an ice making cooling load.
4. Heating system 108
The heating system 108 is to use the steam or hot water generated by the solar photo-thermal system or the waste heat boiler 105 of the cold, hot and electricity cogeneration subsystem to meet the heating requirement.
5. Solar photo-thermal system
In the solar photo-thermal system, the heat-carrying working medium 205 heated by the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem 201 is boosted by the heat-carrying working medium circulating pump 202, enters the energy storage subsystem 203, stores part of energy, and then enters the steam-water generator 204 for heat exchange to generate steam or hot water.
The solar energy light-gathering and heat-collecting system comprises:
a: a plurality of trough type parabolic concentrating collectors of a trough type solar concentrating and heat collecting system (a condenser, a tracker and an evacuated collector tube) focus direct solar light through series and parallel arrangement to heat high-temperature heat conducting working media in the evacuated collector tube, so that photo-thermal conversion is realized.
b: the tower type solar light-gathering and heat-collecting system (heliostat field, tower and heat absorber) is characterized in that a heliostat field receives and gathers solar radiation energy, the gathered solar radiation energy is reflected to the heat absorber positioned at the top of the tower, a high-temperature heat-conducting working medium in the heat absorber is heated, and photo-thermal conversion is realized.
c. Other forms of light and heat collecting systems can be provided with an energy storage system.
6. Energy storage subsystem 203
The energy storage subsystem 203 comprises a high-temperature working medium reservoir, a low-temperature working medium reservoir, a high-temperature working medium pump, a low-temperature working medium pump and an energy storage heat exchanger, and a high-temperature heat-carrying working medium 205 output by the solar light-gathering and heat-collecting subsystem 201 is boosted by a heat-carrying working medium circulating pump 202 and enters the energy storage heat exchanger for storing and releasing energy. In the energy storage process, energy storage working medium of the low-temperature storage device is subjected to heat exchange through the low-temperature working medium pump and the energy storage heat exchanger and then is stored in the high-temperature storage device, and in the process, the temperature of the heat-carrying working medium 205 is reduced and then enters the vapor-water generator 204; in the heat release process, the energy storage working medium of the high-temperature storage device is stored in the low-temperature storage device after heat exchange through the high-temperature working medium pump and the energy storage heat exchanger, and in the process, the temperature of the heat carrying working medium 205 is increased and then enters the vapor-water generator 204.
7. Parallel switching piping system
The parallel switching piping system comprises a series of pipelines and valves, and supplies steam and/or hot water generated by the cold, hot and electric triple supply subsystem and the solar photo-thermal system to the refrigerating system 107 and the heating system 108 in parallel, and can switch among the cold, hot and electric triple supply subsystem and the solar photo-thermal system, so that supply according to needs is realized, coordinated operation of the systems is met, and the maximum energy utilization rate is achieved.
The utility model discloses a combined supply system is when the actual operation, cold, heat, electricity trigeminy supplies the subsystem operation to be taken the lead in order to satisfy regional electric load, cold, when the heat load is not enough, daytime or sunshine sufficient period utilizes solar optical energy system to provide steam drive refrigerator or directly supply heating system 108, night or overcast and rainy day utilize energy storage subsystem 203 to release heat and continue to be provided steam by vapour water generator 204, this system both furthest's improvement primary energy conversion rate, utilized light and heat solar energy simultaneously, less primary energy consumption, reduced pollutant emission; and the problem of unmatched regional cold and heat loads is solved through the coordinated operation among the parallel systems.
The cold, heat and electricity combined supply subsystem in the system continuously operates, high-temperature heat tracing steam can be provided to serve as an anti-freezing protection steam source of the solar photo-thermal system heat-carrying working medium 205 and the energy storage working medium in the cold region, and a traditional gas boiler protection system and a traditional gas heating device protection system are omitted.
All the system configurations similar, similar or approximate to the above-mentioned parts or all the system configurations belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the design concept and principle of the present invention should also be included within the protection scope of the present invention.