CN211773277U - Track cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of rail traffic auxiliary devices, and discloses a rail cleaning device which is arranged on the side surface of a rail vehicle close to a rail and comprises a picking mechanism for collecting sundries such as fallen leaves, wherein one side of the picking mechanism far away from the advancing direction of the rail vehicle is communicated with a temporary storage cavity through a conveying pipe, the temporary storage cavity is internally provided with an opening and closing mechanism, one end of the temporary storage cavity far away from the conveying pipe is communicated with a retreating device, the side surface of the retreating device is provided with a negative pressure mechanism, the negative pressure mechanism is opposite to the temporary storage cavity, the utility model realizes the collection of the sundries such as the fallen leaves by utilizing the negative pressure, the volume of the sundries group such as the fallen leaves can be compressed in the retreating process and can be automatically discharged out of the retreating device, the occupied space is extremely small, the device is simple and has low cost, and the sundries such as the fallen leaves can be removed from, can avoid the damage to the track, and has great popularization value and wide application prospect.

Description

Track cleaning device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the supporting facility of rail transit, concretely relates to train track cleaning device.

Background

In general, in the impression, extreme weather such as gusty wind, sudden rain, violent snow and the like or collapse, debris flow and mountain landslide can only cause serious influence on the running safety of the rail vehicle, but sundries such as leaves which seem inconspicuous can also seriously threaten the safe running of the rail vehicle, because the coverage area of the leaves is large, and a plurality of leaves can cover the whole rail tread; the surfaces of sundries such as fallen leaves are dry and smooth, and the leaves are easy to slide; the sundries such as fallen leaves contain little grease, and the friction coefficient is further reduced, so that once the leaves fall and are accumulated on the tread of the rail, safety accidents such as vehicle deceleration, stoppage and even derailment are possibly caused.

In countries in temperate zones, every autumn comes, a large amount of manpower and material resources are spent on handling sundries such as fallen leaves on the track. Statistically, train mishits caused by debris such as fallen leaves each year result in a total loss of time of at least 600 ten thousand hours for passengers. Therefore, there are various techniques for removing impurities such as fallen leaves on the track. For example, some technical schemes select a high-pressure water column to wash away impurities such as fallen leaves, and other technical schemes use 'sand glue', the sand glue is formed by mixing sand grains and a colloidal adhesive, and the impurities such as the fallen leaves are cleaned by adopting a high-pressure spraying mode, but both water spraying and sand spraying have the same problem, namely a large-scale storage device is needed to accommodate raw materials, the spraying is completed and needs to be supplemented, and the problem of inducing track corrosion is inevitable.

Laser Soll company in England finds that laser is suitable for the work because the laser can be emitted by electricity, the 'ammunition' is not required to be loaded and supplemented, the absorbed wavelength of each substance is different, only leaves or other organic matters are hit by setting the wavelength to be about 1064 nanometers, the rail is not damaged, even if the laser hits the rail without leaves, the laser is only reflected off, the technology for removing impurities such as falling leaves of the rail is developed by research, the emitted laser can heat the impurities such as the falling leaves to 5000 ℃, the impurities such as the falling leaves are instantly splashed, the power is strong, 2.5 thousands of times of emission per second is generated, unfortunately, the laser Soll technology has good performance in a laboratory, but does not consider the constant vibration of the train during running, and the laser cannot be focused on the rail by vibration when being installed on an actual train head, the result is no effect.

In general, the problem of damaging the rail road with driving safety is solved, and an economical and effective solution is not provided at present. In addition, as cities develop, the traffic land is more tense, and some places have been provided with rails erected in the air through columns or steel structures, but the rails with upward treads still have the problem of accumulating impurities such as fallen leaves, and the like.

Therefore, there is a need in the art for a rail transportation auxiliary device, which can clean the rail, especially can clean the fallen leaves on the rail without damaging the rail, and can avoid the storage space of material from being cleaned and the addition operation from being required, and can prevent the fallen leaves from returning to the rail cleaning device on the rail again.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model overcomes prior art's defect provides a device that can carry out the track clearance, especially can clear away debris such as fallen leaves on the track under the orbital condition of not damaging to need not clear away material storage space, exempt from but add the operation, and can avoid debris such as fallen leaves to get back to the track cleaning device on the track once more.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

the utility model provides a track cleaning device, track cleaning device sets up on rail vehicle is close to orbital side, include the mechanism of picking up with track interact, the effect end of picking up the mechanism pastes mutually with rail vehicle's side that is close to rail vehicle, the mechanism of picking up keeps away from one side of rail vehicle advancing direction through conveyer pipe and the chamber intercommunication of keeping in, it is parallel with rail vehicle length direction to keep in the chamber, be equipped with the operating mechanism of the current state of steerable object in the chamber of keeping in, the chamber of keeping in keeps away from the one end and the reprocessing device intercommunication of conveyer pipe, reprocessing device is parallel with rail vehicle width direction, reprocessing device's side is equipped with negative pressure mechanism, negative pressure mechanism is relative with the chamber of keeping in. Be different from and just clear away debris such as fallen leaves from the track among the conventional art, later still can get back to the track again, the utility model discloses can collect debris such as fallen leaves on the track and carry out retreatment, then settle debris such as fallen leaves in unison, avoid leading to the fact the secondary influence to follow-up vehicle is current.

Further, pick up the mechanism and include the shovel board with conveyer pipe articulated, the shovel board is located the conveyer pipe and follows towards the open-ended of rail vehicle advancing direction down, the shovel board bottom surface is equipped with first ear of drawing, conveyer pipe lateral wall bottom surface is equipped with the second and draws the ear, first ear of drawing and second draw and are equipped with the pulling force elastic component between the ear. Set up pulling force elastic component and can make the shovel board keep the state of laminating at the track top always, when rail vehicle jolts, the shovel board can move about, avoids haring the track, has also prolonged the life of shovel board.

Furthermore, the plate surface of the shovel plate is in an arc shape with the middle part sunken towards the direction close to the track, and the opening edge of the conveying pipe is in smooth transition with the plate surface of the shovel plate. The shovel plate is in an arc shape with the middle part sunken towards the direction close to the rail, the front half part is better attached to the rail, so that sundries such as fallen leaves can be shoveled conveniently, and the rear half part can enable the sundries such as the fallen leaves to be emptied, so that the sundries can more conveniently enter the conveying pipe.

Further, the upper side wall of the transfer pipe extends in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle and also in the direction of approach to the track, thereby forming a dome-shaped collection hood. The collection cover is arranged to limit the emptying height of sundries such as fallen leaves and the like, so that the sundries such as the fallen leaves and the like can be captured and enter the conveying pipe.

Further, keep in intracavity chamber cross-section circular, the start-stop mechanism includes the fan-shaped guide block of a plurality of circumference equipartitions, and is a plurality of the revolving axle of guide block and the center pin collineation in chamber of keeping in, one side that the guide block is close to retreating device is equipped with the fan-shaped baffle of a plurality of circumference equipartitions, the baffle equals with the guide block quantity, the area is equivalent, each be equipped with the air vent on the baffle face. The opening and closing mechanism is arranged to enable the temporary storage cavity to be matched with the reprocessing device in a cooperative mode, and when the reprocessing device is in a state that sundries such as fallen leaves enter, the opening and closing mechanism is in an opening state, so that the sundries such as the fallen leaves enter the reprocessing device; when the retreating device is in an action state, the opening and closing mechanism is in a closed state, so that sundries such as fallen leaves are temporarily stored in the temporary storage cavity, and the interference of the sundries such as the fallen leaves on the action of the retreating device is avoided.

Furthermore, the central point of a plurality of guide blocks puts and is equipped with the motor, each the nearly heart end of baffle is even as an organic whole, and is a plurality of the central point of baffle puts and the pivot rigid coupling of motor, a certain one the position that the nearly heart end of guide block corresponds the motor is equipped with the threading pipe, the threading pipe is along radially extending and opening in the chamber outer wall of keeping in. When the retreating device is in a state that sundries such as fallen leaves enter, the motor drives the baffle to rotate to a position overlapped with the guide blocks, and the sundries such as the fallen leaves can enter the treatment device from the space between the adjacent guide blocks; when the retreating device is in an action state, the motor drives the baffle to rotate to a position between the adjacent guide blocks, so that sundries such as fallen leaves are temporarily stored in the temporary storage cavity, the interference of the sundries such as the fallen leaves on the action of the retreating device is avoided, meanwhile, the vent holes are formed in the baffle, the negative pressure mechanism can still provide the adsorption force, and the picking mechanism can still work normally.

Furthermore, each guide block is thick in the middle and thin on two sides in the circumferential direction, the far end of each guide block in the radial direction is thick, the near end of each guide block is thin, a bulge part is formed on one side, away from the reprocessing device, of each guide block, and the ridge line of the bulge part extends from the side wall of the temporary storage cavity to the central shaft. Due to the arrangement, the guide blocks form a shape for guiding the sundries such as fallen leaves to the space between the adjacent guide blocks in the entering direction of the sundries such as fallen leaves, the blocking effect can not be achieved, and the sundries such as the fallen leaves can be prevented from being gathered at the position.

Furthermore, the reprocessing device comprises a compression cavity, a compression disc which can be controlled to extend along the length direction of the compression cavity is arranged in the compression cavity, the opposite side face of the action face of the compression disc is fixedly connected with the output end of the telescopic mechanism, the output end of the telescopic mechanism penetrates through the end face of the compression cavity, the end face, far away from the telescopic mechanism, of the compression cavity is provided with a cavity opening, a movable door which can be controlled to open and close is arranged at the cavity opening, a plurality of air suction holes are formed in the position, corresponding to the input end of the negative pressure mechanism, of the compression cavity, and the telescopic mechanism is in signal connection with the opening and. When the opening and closing mechanism is in a closed state, the telescopic mechanism pushes the compression disc to extrude sundries such as fallen leaves in the compression cavity towards the cavity opening, and the whole sundries such as fallen leaves are mutually inserted by the compressed volume and accumulated on the inner side surface of the movable door because the movable door is in a controlled closing state.

Furthermore, the cavity opening and the inner cavity of the compression cavity have the same section size and the same shape, the section area of the part of the movable door exceeding the cavity opening is larger than the section area of the part of the movable door extending into the cavity opening, a control door assembly is arranged between the side surface of the part of the movable door exceeding the cavity opening and the bottom surface of the rail vehicle, and the control door assembly can enable the movable door to be completely positioned outside the cavity opening in an opening state. The compression disc can extend to the position close to the cavity opening longest, the cavity opening is equal to the cross section of the inner cavity of the compression cavity in size and same in shape, the compression bodies of sundries such as fallen leaves can be easily output from the cavity opening after the movable door is controlled to be opened, after the rail vehicle runs to a proper position, the compression disc can push the compression bodies of sundries such as fallen leaves out of the compression cavity, and then the compression bodies are uniformly disposed.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following advantage and beneficial effect have:

1. the utility model not only removes the sundries such as fallen leaves from the track, but also collects and retreats the sundries, thereby avoiding the sundries such as fallen leaves from returning to the track again and causing secondary interference to the subsequent vehicles and even the passing of the rear wheels of the vehicle;

2. the utility model discloses utilize the negative pressure to realize the collection of debris such as fallen leaves, the retreatment process still can make debris crowd volumes such as fallen leaves compressed to can be by automatic discharge retreatment device, occupation space is minimum, and the device is simple, the cost is also low.

3. The utility model discloses need not to utilize water, glue etc. to clear away the material, need not clear away material storage space, also avoided loaded down with trivial details interpolation operation, more can avoid these oxidizing substance to cause the injury to the track.

Therefore, the utility model overcomes prior art's defect has very big spreading value and wide application prospect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the railway vehicle of FIG. 1 with the track vehicle omitted from view in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the point A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the point B of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the opening and closing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the movable door and the control door assembly of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic overall structure diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples and drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used for explaining the present invention, and are not intended as limitations of the present invention.

The utility model provides a track cleaning device, track cleaning device sets up on rail vehicle 1 is close to track 3's side, include the pickup mechanism 4 with track 3 interact, the effect end of pickup mechanism 4 pastes with the side that track 3 is close to rail vehicle mutually, pickup mechanism 4 keeps away from 1 advancing direction of rail vehicle one side through conveyer pipe 5 and the chamber 6 intercommunication of keeping in, it is parallel with 1 length direction of rail vehicle to keep in chamber 6, be equipped with the operating mechanism 7 of the current state of steerable object in the chamber 6 of keeping in, the one end and the reprocessing device 8 intercommunication of conveyer pipe 5 are kept away from to chamber 6 of keeping in, reprocessing device 8 is parallel with 1 width direction of rail vehicle, reprocessing device 8's side is equipped with negative pressure mechanism 9, negative pressure mechanism 9 is relative with the chamber 6 of keeping in.

It can be understood that, be different from only clearing up debris such as fallen leaves from track 3 among the conventional art, debris such as fallen leaves still probably get back to track 3 again later, the utility model discloses debris such as the fallen leaves on the track 3 can be collected and reprocess, then settle debris such as the fallen leaves in unison, avoid passing even this car rear portion wheel through causing the secondary influence to follow-up vehicle, wherein pick up subassembly 4 and be used for scooping up and collecting debris such as the fallen leaves of track 3 top surface, send into through pipeline 5 and keep in chamber 6, just can directly get into aftertreatment device and be handled when starting hoist mechanism 7, can be unified collection after aftertreatment device 8 handles.

Further, the picking mechanism 4 comprises a shovel plate 41 hinged to the conveying pipe 5, the shovel plate 41 is located on the lower edge of the opening of the conveying pipe 5 facing the advancing direction of the railway vehicle 1, a first pull lug 42 is arranged on the bottom surface of the shovel plate 41, a second pull lug 43 is arranged on the bottom surface of the outer side wall of the conveying pipe 5, and a tension elastic piece 44 is arranged between the first pull lug 42 and the second pull lug 43. Furthermore, the plate surface of the shovel plate 41 is in an arc shape with the middle part being concave towards the direction close to the track 3, and the opening edge of the conveying pipe 5 is in smooth transition with the plate surface of the shovel plate 41. Still further, the upper side wall of the transfer pipe 5 extends towards the direction of advance of the railway vehicle 1 and at the same time towards the track 3, thus forming a dome-shaped collecting hood.

It can be understood that the provision of the tension elastic member 44 (which may be a tension spring, an elastic band, or the like) can keep the shovel plate 41 attached to the top of the rail, so that the shovel plate 41 can move when the rail car 1 jolts, thereby avoiding damage to the rail 3 and prolonging the service life of the shovel plate 41. The shovel plate 41 can be a zinc plate, and even if water is accumulated on the rail 3, the steel rail cannot be corroded, and the shovel plate 41 can also be made of a wear-resistant high polymer material because the cathode protection of the sacrificial anode is formed at the time. The plate surface of the shovel plate 41 is in an arc shape with the middle part sunken towards the direction close to the track 3, the front half part is better attached to the track 3, sundries such as fallen leaves and the like can be better shoveled, the rear half part enables the sundries such as the fallen leaves and the like to be emptied, so that the sundries can more conveniently enter the conveying pipe 5, the collection cover is arranged to limit the emptying height of the sundries such as the fallen leaves and the like, and the sundries such as the fallen leaves and the like can be captured and enter the conveying pipe.

Further, the cross section of the inner cavity of the temporary storage cavity 6 is circular, the opening and closing mechanism 7 comprises a plurality of fan-shaped guide blocks 71 which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the rotating shafts of the guide blocks 71 are collinear with the central shaft of the temporary storage cavity 6, one side of each guide block 71, which is close to the reprocessing device 8, is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped baffle plates 72 which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the baffle plates 72 are equal to the guide blocks 71 in number and have the same area, and each air vent 73 is formed in the surface of each baffle plate 72. It can be understood that the arrangement of the opening and closing mechanism 7 can enable the temporary storage cavity 6 to be matched with the reprocessing device 8 in a cooperative manner, and when the reprocessing device 8 is in a state that sundries such as leaves to be fallen enter, the opening and closing mechanism 7 is in an open state, so that the sundries such as leaves to be fallen enter the reprocessing device 8; when the reprocessing device 8 is in an action state, the opening and closing mechanism 7 is in a closed state, so that sundries such as fallen leaves and the like are temporarily stored in the temporary storage cavity 6, and the interference of the sundries such as the fallen leaves and the like on the action of the reprocessing device 8 is avoided.

Further, a motor 74 is arranged at the center of each of the plurality of guide blocks 71, the proximal ends of the baffles 72 are connected into a whole, the center of each of the plurality of baffles 72 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the motor 74, a threading pipe 75 is arranged at the proximal end of one of the plurality of guide blocks 71 corresponding to the motor 74, and the threading pipe 75 extends along the radial direction and opens on the outer wall of the temporary storage cavity 6. It can be understood that, this is an embodiment of the opening and closing mechanism 7 for opening and closing, when the reprocessing device 8 is in a state of entering impurities such as fallen leaves, the motor 74 drives the baffle 72 to rotate to a position overlapping with the guide blocks 71, and the impurities such as fallen leaves can enter the reprocessing device 8 from between the adjacent guide blocks 71; when the reprocessing device 8 is in an action state, the motor 74 drives the baffle plate 72 to rotate to a position between the adjacent guide blocks 71, so that sundries such as fallen leaves and the like are temporarily stored in the temporary storage cavity 6, the interference of the sundries such as the fallen leaves and the like to the action of the reprocessing device 8 is avoided, meanwhile, the vent hole 73 is formed in the baffle plate 72, the negative pressure mechanism 9 can still provide the adsorption force, and the picking mechanism 4 can still work normally.

Furthermore, each guide block 71 is thick at the middle part and thin at the two sides in the circumferential direction, each guide block 71 is thick at the far end and thin at the near end in the radial direction, a bulge is formed at one side of the guide block 71 far away from the reprocessing device 8, and the ridge line of the bulge extends from the side wall of the temporary storage cavity 6 to the central axis. It can be understood that the guide blocks 71 are shaped to guide the impurities such as fallen leaves to the space between the adjacent guide blocks 71 in the entering direction of the impurities such as fallen leaves, and the impurities such as fallen leaves can be prevented from being gathered at the position without blocking. More preferably, the guide blocks 71 are three, one of the guide blocks 71 is located at the top of the temporary storage cavity 6, ridge lines of the raised parts extend on a vertical plane, so that a passage for impurities such as fallen leaves is exactly formed near the middle position of the bottom of the temporary storage cavity 6, the other two guide blocks 71 are located on two sides, compared with the two guide blocks 71, the passing hollow spaces for impurities such as fallen leaves are more, the passing efficiency is improved, the central angles of the three guide blocks 71 and the three baffles 72 are 60 degrees, the three guide blocks 71 are uniformly stressed, and the overall stability is better.

Further, reprocessing device 8 includes compression chamber 81, be equipped with the compression dish 82 that can be controlled to extend along compression chamber 81 length direction in the compression chamber 81, the offside of compression dish 82 working face and telescopic machanism 83's output rigid coupling, the output of telescopic machanism 83 passes compression chamber 81 terminal surface, the terminal surface that telescopic machanism 83 was kept away from to compression chamber 81 is equipped with the accent, accent department is equipped with the dodge gate 85 that can be controlled to open and shut, the position that compression chamber 81 corresponds negative pressure mechanism 9 input is equipped with a plurality of suction holes, telescopic machanism 83 and start and close mechanism 7 signal connection. It can be understood that when the opening and closing mechanism is in the closed state, the telescopic mechanism 33 pushes the compression disc 82 to extrude the sundries such as fallen leaves and the like in the compression cavity 81 to the cavity opening, and because the movable door 85 is in the controlled closing state, the whole sundries group can be mutually inserted by the compressed volume and accumulated on the inner side surface of the movable door 85. The telescoping mechanism 83 may be a cylinder, an electric cylinder, a slider-crank mechanism, etc., as long as the output end can realize the branch reciprocating motion. The position of the compression cavity 81 corresponding to the input end of the negative pressure mechanism 9 is provided with a plurality of suction holes, so as to ensure that the negative pressure mechanism 9 can continuously extract air from the temporary storage cavity 6, and further ensure that the picking mechanism 4 can continuously pick up impurities such as fallen leaves and the like.

Further, the cavity opening and the inner cavity of the compression cavity 81 have the same size and the same shape, the sectional area of the part of the movable door 85 exceeding the cavity opening is larger than the sectional area of the part of the movable door 85 extending into the cavity opening, a control door assembly 84 is arranged between the side surface of the part of the movable door 85 exceeding the cavity opening and the bottom surface of the railway vehicle 1, and the control door assembly 84 can enable the movable door 85 to be completely positioned outside the cavity opening in an opening state, as shown in fig. 5, specifically, the control door assembly 84 can be a double-rocker mechanism, two groups of double rockers are arranged and are respectively positioned on two sides of the movable door 85, and one end of each double rocker hinged with the railway vehicle 1 is provided with a rotation control mechanism, such as a motor, a rotation cylinder, a rotation electric cylinder and the like, and the rotation angle is limited. The longest length of the compression disc 82 can extend to a position close to the cavity opening, the cavity opening and the inner cavity cross section of the compression cavity 81 are equal in size and same in shape, after the movable door 85 is controlled to be opened, the sundries group compressed body can be easily output from the cavity opening, after the rail vehicle 1 runs to a proper position, the compression disc 82 can push the sundries group compressed body out of the compression cavity 81, then unified disposal is carried out, for example, when the rail vehicle 1 runs to an intermediate station, the compression disc 82 pushes the sundries group compressed body out of the compression cavity 81, after workers are unified, the compressed bodies are thrown into the ground to be used as fertilizer or sent into a power plant to be used as fuel, for example, after the rail vehicle 1 runs to a road section on the water surface, the sundries group compressed body such as fallen leaves and the like is pushed out of the compression cavity 81 to be directly thrown into water to be.

When the rail is in the direction of the roof of the rail vehicle 1, as shown in fig. 7, in which the suspension 22 replaces the wheels 21 and the suspension rail 32 replaces the lying rail 31, the entire rail cleaning device is suitably also turned upside down, but the opening of the pick-up 4 is always directed towards the rail 3.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

It is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the claimed components or mechanisms must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention, any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The rail cleaning device is characterized in that the rail cleaning device is arranged on the side face, close to a rail (3), of a rail vehicle (1) and comprises a picking mechanism (4) interacting with the rail (3), the acting end of the picking mechanism (4) is attached to the side face, close to the rail vehicle, of the rail vehicle (3), one side, far away from the advancing direction of the rail vehicle (1), of the picking mechanism (4) is communicated with a temporary storage cavity (6) through a conveying pipe (5), the temporary storage cavity (6) is parallel to the length direction of the rail vehicle (1), an opening and closing mechanism (7) capable of controlling the passing state of an object is arranged in the temporary storage cavity (6), one end, far away from the conveying pipe (5), of the temporary storage cavity (6) is communicated with a reprocessing device (8), the reprocessing device (8) is parallel to the width direction of the rail vehicle (1), and a negative pressure mechanism (9) is arranged on the side face of the reprocessing device (8), the negative pressure mechanism (9) is opposite to the temporary storage cavity (6).

2. A track-cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pick-up means (4) comprise a blade (41) which is hinged to the conveying pipe (5), the blade (41) being located at the lower edge of the opening of the conveying pipe (5) in the direction of advance of the railway vehicle (1), the blade (41) being provided with a first pull lug (42) on the underside, the conveying pipe (5) being provided with a second pull lug (43) on the underside of the outer side wall, and a tension spring (44) being provided between the first pull lug (42) and the second pull lug (43).

3. The rail cleaning device according to claim 2, wherein the plate surface of the shovel plate (41) is in an arc shape with a concave middle part towards the direction close to the rail (3), and the opening edge of the conveying pipe (5) is in smooth transition with the plate surface of the shovel plate (41).

4. A track cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper side wall of the transport pipe (5) extends in the direction of advance of the rail vehicle (1) and at the same time in the direction of approach to the track (3), so that a dome-shaped collecting hood is formed.

5. The track cleaning device is characterized in that the cross section of an inner cavity of the temporary storage cavity (6) is circular, the opening and closing mechanism (7) comprises a plurality of fan-shaped guide blocks (71) which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the rotating shafts of the guide blocks (71) are collinear with the central shaft of the temporary storage cavity (6), a plurality of fan-shaped baffle plates (72) which are uniformly distributed on the circumference are arranged on one side, close to the reprocessing device (8), of the guide blocks (71), the baffle plates (72) are equal to the guide blocks (71) in number and area, and vent holes (73) are formed in the surface of each baffle plate (72).

6. The track cleaning device as claimed in claim 5, wherein a motor (74) is provided at a central position of each of the plurality of guide blocks (71), proximal ends of the baffles (72) are connected into a whole, the central positions of the plurality of baffles (72) are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the motor (74), a threading pipe (75) is provided at a position corresponding to the motor (74) at the proximal end of one of the plurality of guide blocks (71), and the threading pipe (75) extends in a radial direction and opens at an outer wall of the temporary storage cavity (6).

7. A track cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that each guide block (71) is thick in the middle and thin on both sides in the circumferential direction, each guide block (71) is thick on the distal end and thin on the proximal end in the radial direction, and a ridge is formed on the side of the guide block (71) facing away from the reprocessing device (8), the ridge line of the ridge extending from the side wall of the buffer chamber (6) towards the central axis.

8. The rail cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the reprocessing device (8) comprises a compression chamber (81), a compression disc (82) which can be controlled to extend along the length direction of the compression chamber (81) is arranged in the compression chamber (81), the opposite side surface of the action surface of the compression disc (82) is fixedly connected with the output end of a telescopic mechanism (83), the output end of the telescopic mechanism (83) penetrates through the end surface of the compression chamber (81), a chamber opening is formed in the end surface, far away from the telescopic mechanism (83), of the compression chamber (81), a movable door (85) which can be controlled to open and close is arranged at the chamber opening, a plurality of air suction holes are formed in the position, corresponding to the input end of the negative pressure mechanism (9), of the compression chamber (81), and the telescopic mechanism (83) is in signal connection with the opening and closing mechanism (7).

9. A track cleaning device according to claim 8, characterized in that the section of the chamber opening is the same as the section of the inner cavity of the compression chamber (81), the section area of the part of the movable door (85) which exceeds the chamber opening is larger than the section area of the part which extends into the chamber opening, a control door assembly (84) is arranged between the side surface of the part of the movable door (85) which exceeds the chamber opening and the bottom surface of the rail vehicle (1), and the control door assembly (84) can ensure that the movable door (85) is completely positioned outside the chamber opening in the opening state.

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