CN211345361U

CN211345361U - Grate for waste incineration, grate for waste incineration and waste incineration treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN211345361U
Application number: CN201921684407.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张连进
Original assignee: Cronite Castings Wuhan Co ltd
Current assignee: Cronite Castings Wuhan Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-09
Filing date: 2019-10-09
Publication date: 2020-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire bar, grate and incineration disposal device and incineration method for msw incineration, set up the transverse groove of a plurality of intercommunication upper and lower surfaces on the side of fire bar, just the transverse groove with the length direction of fire bar is out of plumb setting, all seted up on two sides of fire bar the transverse groove, and on two sides the transverse groove is seted up the angle and is different. Through the setting, fuel constantly gos forward through the motion on the grate upper surface during msw incineration, and the transverse groove provides good heat transfer and air channel effect simultaneously, is favorable to the normal clear of burning, and the insufficient large granule of burning simultaneously gets into in the transverse groove after, can further shred under adjacent grate relative motion's shearing action, is favorable to follow-up abundant burning.

Description

Grate for waste incineration, grate for waste incineration and waste incineration treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a refuse combustion technology field, in particular to grate, refuse incineration processing apparatus for refuse incineration are with fire bar, refuse incineration.

Background

Thermal power generation has been a relatively large part of the power generation industry, and the support of thermal power generation for power systems is not available in all countries and regions in the world. The conventional thermal power generation always adopts non-renewable resources such as burning coal mines and the like as fuels, although the heat supply is stable, on one hand, the conversion rate is not high, on the other hand, the environmental pollution is serious, and meanwhile, the exploitation of the non-renewable resources is not beneficial to the sustainable development.

Based on the above, the subsequent thermal power industry develops a circulating fluidized bed type power generation mode, not only coal resources are used as fuel to burn under the action of a fluidized bed, but also a plurality of combustible substances can be used for burning power generation, the conversion rate is high, the pollution is low, and the continuous development is facilitated. Further, among the various means of waste disposal, combustion power generation has been increasingly emphasized, and the amount of work for replacing landfill has been increasing, because it is a multi-purpose technology to generate power and supply energy by using waste as combustible fuel, and the key point is whether the waste can be sufficiently combusted or not during combustion, and a waste incineration grate and a waste incineration disposal device are provided based on the technology.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the deficiency that prior art exists, the utility model aims to provide a fire bar and msw incineration processing apparatus for msw incineration is favorable to the waste combustion more fully.

The above technical purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution: a plurality of transverse grooves communicated with the upper surface and the lower surface are formed in the side surface of the furnace bar, the transverse grooves and the furnace bar are not perpendicular to each other in the length direction, the transverse grooves are formed in the two side surfaces of the furnace bar, and the transverse grooves in the two side surfaces are formed at different angles.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fuel constantly gos forward through the motion on the grate upper surface during msw incineration, and the transverse groove provides good heat transfer and air channel effect simultaneously, is favorable to the normal clear of burning, and the insufficient large granule of burning simultaneously gets into in the transverse groove after, can further shred under adjacent fire grate relative motion's shearing action, is favorable to follow-up abundant burning.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the transverse grooves formed in the two side faces are uniformly arranged in the length direction of the side faces at intervals, and the transverse grooves formed in the two side faces are correspondingly formed in one-to-one positions.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the transverse grooves are all formed along the same inclination.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the plurality of transverse grooves formed in the side face of one side of the fire bar are formed along the same inclination, and the two rows of transverse grooves formed in the two side faces are different in forming inclination.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is rectangular.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is in a sawtooth shape.

A fire grate for waste incineration comprises a fixed fire grate and a movable fire grate, wherein the fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate respectively comprise a plurality of fire bars which are spliced, and transverse grooves are formed in the fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate.

The utility model discloses a further set up to: the fixed grates and the movable grates are arranged in a staggered mode and are connected in sequence, and the transverse grooves formed in the side faces of the adjacent fixed grates and the adjacent movable grates correspond in position and are staggered in direction.

A garbage incineration treatment device comprises a grate.

During waste incineration, fuel continuously advances on the upper surface of the grate through movement, the transverse groove provides good heat transfer and air channel effect, normal operation of combustion is facilitated, meanwhile, large particles which are not combusted sufficiently enter the transverse groove, and then can be further cut under the shearing action of relative movement of adjacent fire bars, and follow-up sufficient combustion is facilitated. The position of seting up of transverse groove needs adjacent correspondence and crisscross, consequently when adjacent grate produced relative motion, two complex transverse grooves can form powerful shearing action, chops the granule to fall to the below, be favorable to the abundant of burning more, the activity change of transverse groove also is favorable to the transmission and the circulation of air simultaneously, can provide favorable environment for the burning. The cross section shape of the transverse groove is set, and the design and the selection of the self-cleaning function of the particles in the transverse groove are facilitated, so that the smoothness of the transverse groove is kept.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a portion of a grate bar construction with replaceable end caps;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an end cover having a thrust element and a cleaning element;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of an end cover having a thrust element and a cleaning element;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of an end cover having a thrust element and a cleaning element;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the end cap of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a movable grate bar embodiment of the grate bar of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is another side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the attachment of the grate bars and the pyramidal elements;

FIG. 9 shows a side view of a fixed grate bar;

FIG. 10 shows a side view of one embodiment of a movable grate bar;

FIG. 11 shows a side view of another embodiment of a movable grate bar;

FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of a transverse groove of an adjacent grate bar;

FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional view of another transverse groove of adjacent bars;

FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional view of the transverse grooves of a third type of adjacent grate bars;

FIG. 15 is a schematic side view showing the relative positions of the transverse grooves of two adjacent bars of FIG. 1;

FIG. 16 shows a schematic side view of another relative position of the transverse slots of two adjacent bars of FIG. 1;

FIG. 17 shows a schematic side view of a third relative position of the transverse grooves of two adjacent bars of FIG. 1;

FIG. 18 shows a cross-section of a reciprocating grate of a waste incineration power plant;

FIG. 19 illustrates the structure of the row of movable grates of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 shows a side of another embodiment with an attachment device;

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the connection device of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative connection device of FIG. 20;

FIG. 23 shows a situation where a fault is encountered in normal production;

FIG. 24 is a view showing a state where the grate is broken;

FIG. 25 illustrates a front view of the grate;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the construction of the engagement elements between the bars;

FIG. 27 is a schematic structural view of a fire bar, wherein 27-1 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of 27-2, 27-2 is a side view of the fire bar, 27-3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line 27-2, 27-4 is an isometric view of the fire bar, 27-5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B of 27-2, 27-6 is a schematic sectional view taken along line C-C of 27-2, and 27-7 is a schematic sectional view taken along line D-D of 27-2;

FIG. 28 is a schematic view of a row of fire bars as installed;

FIG. 29 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the joining element between the grate bars;

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional schematic view of FIG. 29;

fig. 31 is a schematic view of the structure of a third embodiment of the joining element between the bars.

Reference numerals:

10. grate bar, 11, left side, 12, right side, 13, front surface, 14, distal end, 15, proximal end, 16, upper portion, 17, longitudinal projection, 18, nose, 19, nose, 20, retention hole, 21, stepped groove, 22, first end cap, 23, second end cap, 24, fixation device, 25, left side, 26, engagement lip, 27, attachment hole, left proximal modified region 28, left central modified region 29, left distal modified region 30, right proximal modified region 31, right central modified region 32, right distal modified region 33, first protrusion 34, second protrusion 35, left side 36, attachment hole 37, first engagement element 38, hole 39, second engagement element 40, hole 41, first grate bar connection device 42, first elongated groove 43, second grate bar connection device 44, second elongated groove 45, transverse groove 46, transverse groove 47; 48. lower surface, 49, upper surface, pyramidal element 50;

60. grate, 62, grate bar, 63, grate bar, 65, front surface, 66, transverse groove, 67, lower straight portion, 68, upper inclined portion, 70, end cap, 70', end cap, 70 "', end cap, 74, bolt, 75, bolt, 80, fixed grate bar, upper portion 81, front surface 82, longitudinal projection 83, support member 84, proximal modified region 86, central modified region 87, distal modified region 88, left outer surface 94, upper portion 96,

waste block

102, 120, movable grate bar, downwardly extending portion 122, protrusion 124, coupling 142, coupling 144, elongated groove 146, elongated groove 148, engagement element 150,

engagement element

152, 170, movable step frame, 174, thrust element, 175, cleaning element, 176, bolt, 178, L-shaped protrusion, 179, T-shaped slot, 180, bolt, 182, T-shaped slot, 183. l-shaped projections, 188, receiving areas.

Detailed Description

A grate bar, as shown in fig. 1, shows a grate bar 62 and another grate bar 63, each having a front surface 65 and an upper portion 16. The front surface 65 includes a lower straight portion 67 and an upper angled portion 68, with an end cap 70 disposed on the front surface 65. The end cap 70 includes two upwardly facing portions, a horizontal portion 71 and a parallel portion 72, the parallel portion 72 being snugly secured to the upper angled portion 68 of the front surface 65.

As shown in fig. 2-4, the end cap 70 is secured to the grate bars 62 or 63 by bolts 74,75 inserted from the underside of the upper portion 16, with the horizontal portion 71 abutting the upper portion 16 and the parallel portion 72 abutting the upper angled portion 68 by the releasable securement of the bolts 74 and 75. Fig. 2-4 illustrate three different embodiments of the end cap 70, respectively, as follows:

FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of the end cap 70 having a thrust element 174 and a cleaning element 175. Thrust element 174 and cleaning element 175 are longitudinal projections having a triangular cross-section, aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The thrust and cleaning elements are preferably fixedly attached to the non-stationary grate bars, namely the movable grate bars 120 and the stationary grate bars 80, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, which are attached to the movable step frame 170, thereby creating movement and engagement with the thrust elements 174 and the cleaning elements 175.

The thrust elements 174 facilitate rearward movement and circulation of fuel over the grate 60 formed by the plurality of grate bars in fig. 1, while the cleaning elements 175 facilitate forward and downward movement of fuel. As shown in fig. 3, inside the end caps 70,70', 70 "short bolts 176 and with corresponding bolt heads 177 are arranged, as well as long bolts 180 and corresponding bolt heads 181. The bolts 176,180 are disposed in the T-shaped slots 179,182 of the end caps 70,70', 70 ", 70"'. The lower portion of the T-shaped slot is formed by the two L-shaped

projections

178 and 183 and the end caps 70,70', 70 ", 70"'. For simplicity, portions of the end caps 70 'and 70 "' that are similar to portions of the end cap 70" are not individually labeled.

As shown in FIG. 4, washers are placed over bolts 176,180 and corresponding nuts 185,186 are threaded onto the bolt threads and then spot welded to

bolts

176, 180.

Fig. 4 shows a receiving area 188 enclosed by the upper portion 16 and the end caps 70,70', 70 ", 70"', the upper portion of the receiving area 188 being the end cap 70 and the ends of the end cap 70 being stepped 187 and 184 respectively to facilitate snap-fit alignment with the upper portion 16, with the hole in the upper portion 16 being larger than the diameter of the bolt 180. In this manner, precise alignment of protrusion 178,183 with bolts 176,180, respectively, is not required, and alignment is provided by

steps

184 and 187 of receiving area 188.

In another embodiment of the end cap 70, the end cap 70 is provided without the thrust element 174 or with the cleaning element 175, fig. 5 shows a bottom view of fig. 1 and 2, with

bolts

176 and 180 having corresponding bolt heads 177,181 disposed in the T-shaped slot 179,182 in a similar manner as a curtain hook in a curtain rail, and secured against horizontal movement by frictional engagement. The width of the portion of the slot 179,182 between the L-shaped projections 178,183 is less than the diameter of the corresponding bolt head 181,177.

As can be seen in fig. 1, the lateral surfaces of the

bars

62 and 63 are each provided with a plurality of aligned transverse grooves 66, the transverse grooves 66 being placed on both longitudinal sides of each

bar

62, 63. The transverse slot extends from the upper portion 16 to the vertical portion of the longitudinal projection 17. The transverse grooves 66 are inclined at an angle to the vertical such that the transverse grooves 66 on one longitudinal side are inclined towards one end of the grate bars 62 or 63 and the transverse grooves 66 in the opposite longitudinal side are inclined towards the other end. The transverse slots 66 may be used to remove jammed material between the

bars

62,63 below the

bars

62,63, only by moving in opposite directions of

adjacent bars

62,63 to be achieved by the transverse slots 66. In addition, the transverse slots 66 also have the effect of flowing air from below the grate bars 62,63 to above the upper portion 16 to provide combustion gases to the material, facilitating more complete combustion.

The distance between the transverse slots 66 and the width of the transverse slots 66 are adapted so that any material falling from the upper portion 16 into the grooves 66 and received will be cut and comminuted when relative movement of the

bars

62,63 is effected. The plurality of transverse slots 66 are spaced evenly along the entire length of the grate bars 62,63 and also facilitate the supply of combustion gases, such as air, to the entire working area of the grate 60.

Fig. 6 and 7 show a movable grate bar 10, where "movable" refers to movement relative to a step frame or support member. The support members are not shown in fig. 6 and 7, but can be seen in fig. 6 and 7, and fig. 10-11 show a similar grate.

In particular, the movable grate 10 has a left side 11, a right side 12, a front surface 13, a distal end 14 and a proximal end 15. The movable grate 10 has an upper portion 16 and an overriding longitudinal projection 17. The end portion 15 has two projecting

noses

18,19 projecting downwardly from the upper portion 16. At the distal end 14 of the movable grate 10, the upper part 16 and the longitudinal projection 17 extend to a front surface 13 arranged at an angle to the upper part 16, the front surface 13 being provided with a holding hole 20, and a first end cap 22 or a second end cap 23 being detachably fixed to the front surface 13 by means of a fixing device 24. As shown in fig. 7, the bottom of the front surface 13 has a flat stepped groove 21.

The first end cap 22 is generally L-shaped in side view, with the left side including a lower surface 48 and an upper surface 49 and a lower side (not shown), the upper surface 49 being disposed at an angle to the lower surface 48. The underside has an upwardly projecting engagement lip 26 at the end of the underside adjacent the lower surface 48 the first end cap 22 has an attachment hole 27 extending from its upper surface 49 to the underside of its upper surface. When the lower surface 48 of the first end cap 22 is mounted on the front surface 13, the lower surface 48 of the first end cap 22 is perpendicular to the upper portion 16 direction of the movable grate 10.

The second end cap 23, which may be used as an alternative to the first end cap 22, is generally L-shaped in side view, having a left side 25 and an underside (not shown). The lower side has an engagement lip 26 projecting upward at the end thereof, and the second end cap 23 is also opened with an attachment hole 27 extending from the left side 25 thereof to the lower side of the front end thereof. The left side 25 of the second end cap 23 is flat and perpendicular to the upper part 16 of the movable grate 10 when mounted on the front surface 13. The first end cap 22 or the second end cap 23 is used to push the received material to be combusted forward. The first 22 or second 23 end cap is also designed to be removed from the front 13 of the grate bar 10 for ease of maintenance. According to fig. 1, the

removable roof

70,71,72 may alternatively be mounted to the grate 10. The removable top 70,71,72 is also easily installed and removed compared to the first end

second end cap

22, 23.

The removability of the end caps 22,23 has the advantage that when only the front face is worn, the entire grate bar does not need to be replaced. This reduces material costs and system down time. The front end of the grate bar 10 is often subject to wear. The removability of the end caps 22,23 also allows for the use of different types of end caps. To improve the fixing of the first end cap 22 or the second end cap 23, the engagement lip 26 engages with the groove 21. Further, the fixing device 24 is inserted through the connection hole 27 of the first end cap 22 or the second end cap 23 and engaged with the holding hole.

The longitudinal projection 17 of the movable grate 10 has six zones, a left proximal modified zone 28, a left central modified zone 29, a left distal modified zone 30, a right proximal modified zone 31, a right central modified zone 32 and a right distal modified zone 33. The surfaces of the above-mentioned

regions

28,29,30,31,32, 33 are raw, which serves to enhance stability and counteract bending under load. In contrast, the surfaces of the left side 11 and the right side 12 are smooth.

The left and right proximal

modified regions

28,31 of the longitudinal projection 17 include a first projection 34 and a second projection 35, each extending downwardly from the underside (not shown) of the longitudinal projection 17. The first projection 34 and the second projection 35 have the same shape and form a left side 36 and a rear side (not shown) of the left and right proximal

modified regions

28, 31. The left and right proximal

modified regions

28,31 further include horizontally perforated attachment holes 37. The front ends of the first projection 34 and the second projection 35 are arranged perpendicular to the upper portion 16 of the movable grate 10 and face the front face 13.

A first engaging element 38 is provided on the left side 11 of the longitudinal projection 17, the first engaging element 38 being located between the left proximal modified region 28 and the left central modified region 29. The first engagement element 38 has a bore 39 extending on an axis between the distal ends. A second engaging element 40 is also provided on the left side 11 of the longitudinal projection 17, the second engaging element 40 being located in the longitudinal direction between the left central modified region 29 and the left distal modified region 30. The second engaging element 40 has a hole 41 extending along the axis.

A first grate bar connection means 42 is provided on the right side 12 of the longitudinal projection 17, the first grate bar connection means 42 being located between the right distal modified zone 31 and the right central modified zone 32. The first grate bar attachment means 42 has a first elongated groove 43, the first elongated groove 43 opening in the direction of the elongation axis from the distal end 14 to the proximal end 15 of the movable grate bar 10. A second grate bar connection means 44 is provided on the right side 12 of the longitudinal projection 17, the second grate bar connection means 44 being located between the right distal modified zone 33 and the right central modified zone 32. The second grate bar attachment means 44 have a second elongated groove 45, the second elongated groove 45 opening in the direction of the elongated axis from the distal end 14 to the proximal end 15 of the movable grate bar 10.

The

transverse slots

46 and 47 of fig. 7 are similar to the transverse slot 66 shown in fig. 1 and the transverse slot 95 shown in fig. 9, the transverse slot 95 of the grate bar being best seen in fig. 9 and 10, and in fig. 10, an angle of about 60 ° of the transverse slot 126 with respect to the vertical is shown. The first set of three transverse slots 46 in fig. 7 extends from the left side 11 of the upper portion 16 to the left central modified region 29, the set of transverse slots 46 having an oblique angle with respect to the vertical. The second set of transverse slots 47 extends from the left side 11 of the upper portion 16 to the left proximal modified zone 30 the second set of transverse slots 47 have the same angle of inclination as the first set of transverse slots 46.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the movable grate 10 also has a removable pyramidal element 50 connected to the distal end of the upper portion 16. The pyramid-shaped element 50 has four faces facing the front face 13, the left side 11, the right side 12 and the proximal end 15 of the movable grate 10, as shown in fig. 8, and the pyramid-shaped element 50 can be connected to the upper portion 16 by means of a nut and bolt arrangement 160.

In the arrangement of the bars, each movable bar 10 is aligned with a horizontally adjacent fixed bar 80 such that its

left side

11,17 abuts the

right side

12,17 of the adjacent fixed bar 80. One movable grate bar 10 is relatively movable with respect to the adjacent fixed grate bar 80. Here, "fixed" refers to movement relative to the step frame or support member, which means that when the support member moves, the fixed grate bars 80 also move with the support member. While the pyramidal elements 50 serve to improve the mixing of the material to be burnt and its delivery rate. It is designed to be replaced without replacing the entire movable grate 10, facilitating maintenance and also reducing costs.

Fig. 8 shows a means for securing the pyramidal element 50 to the distal end of the grate bar 10. The grate bar includes a main body 190, the main body 190 being shaped like an i-beam. The body 190 includes two slits protruding downward, and the body 190 is shaped in such a manner that two or more slits protrude downward from the surface thereof. A hole 194 is provided in the body 190 for receiving the bolt 191. At the bottom side of the pyramidal element 50, a slit 192 is provided. The slit 192 has an enlarged upper portion 193, the head of the bolt 191 is disposed in the enlarged upper portion 193 of the slit 192, and the nut 160 is disposed at the bottom of the body 190. The bolt 191 is provided on the bolt 191. In the bore 194 of the body 190 and in the slot 192 of the pyramidal element 50, the bolt 191 passes through the nut 160, the nut 160 being spot welded to the bolt 191.

The first engaging element 38 engages the first elongated groove 43 and the second engaging element 40 engages the second elongated groove 45, furthermore, the first and second

engaging elements

38,40 are movable within the first and second elongated grooves 43, in this arrangement of interconnected bars, relative movement of adjacent bars on the longitudinal axis is possible. Even in the event of breakage of the movable grate 10, caused by breakage, the engagement between the engagement elements and the connection means enables the broken grate to continue its movement relative to its neighbours, thus preventing the system from jamming and maintaining proper functioning.

The upper portion 16 is intended to receive the material to be burnt and to weigh it, the

transverse slots

46,47 then providing the function of automatically cleaning the fuel falling from the upper portion 16 and supplying gas to the upper portion 16 of the grate 10. The

transverse slots

46,47 are advantageously arranged in the left central modified zone, which makes possible an air flow between the upper parts 16 and below the grate bars 10. The left and right central modified

zones

29,32 allow combustion gases, such as air, from below the grate bars to enter the upper portion 16. In addition, the left and right central modified

regions

29,32 transfer heat from the upper portion 16 to the left and right central modified

regions

29,32 by the cooling fin action of the upper portion 16. The left and right central modified

zones

29,32 thus enable the mobile grate bar 10 to benefit from the gas circulation in the zone below the grate bar 10, creating an efficient heat transfer, increasing the life of the grate bar 10.

Fig. 9 shows a side view of the fixed grate bar 80, the left side 93 of the fixed grate bar 80 having a left outer surface 94 that extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the fixed grate bar 80. The left outer surface 94 has a plurality of transverse grooves 95. The transverse slot 95 extends from an upper surface 96 of the fixed grate 80 to a lower surface 98 of the fixed grate 80, while the fixed grate 80 has

upper portions

81 and 96, a front surface 82, longitudinal projections 83 and support members 84. The upper portion 81 is modified to form a downwardly extending hook 85, the longitudinal projection 83 having on one of its longitudinal sides three modified regions, a proximal modified region 86, a central modified region 87 and a distal modified region 88, respectively, in which the thickness of the longitudinal projection 83 is reduced.

The support member 84 has a horizontally extending portion 90 and a vertically extending portion 91. One end of the horizontally extending portion 90 extends from a middle portion of the vertically extending portion 91. The upper portion 92 of the vertically extending portion 91 is adapted to support the proximal end of the stationary grate 80. The support member 84 may be provided by a cross-section of the carrier beam. The left outer surface 94 has a first engagement element 100 disposed between the proximal modified region 86 and the central modified region and a second engagement element 101 disposed between the central modified region 87 and the distal modified region 88.

Similarly, the right side (not shown) of the fixed grate bar 80 has a right outer surface that extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the fixed grate bar 80. The right outer surface has a plurality of transverse grooves 126, the transverse grooves 126 extending from the upper surface 96 of the fixed grate 80 to the lower surface 98 of the fixed grate 80 and having an opposite inclination to the transverse grooves 95.

The right outer surface (not shown) has a first connection means (not shown) disposed between the proximal modified zone 86 and the central modified zone 87 and a second connection means (not shown) disposed between the central modified zone 87 and the distal end. On the side of the grate bar, not shown in fig. 9, first and second connecting means are provided, similar to the connecting

means

42,44 shown in fig. 6.

Fig. 10 and 11 show side views of another embodiment of the movable grate bar 120 in first and second positions, respectively. The grate bar 120 has similar components to those of the fixed grate bar 80 of fig. 9. The upper portion 81 of the grate bar 120 is modified at its proximal end to form a downwardly extending portion 122. Further, a protrusion 124 is provided downwardly at the proximal end of the grate bar 120, extending downwardly from the underside of the longitudinal protrusion 83.

The downwardly extending portion 122 and the vertical portion of the protrusion 124 define a space such that the upper portion 92 of the vertically extending portion 91 of the support member 84 is movable within the space, and the upper portion 92 may abut the protrusion 124 as shown in fig. 10, or the upper portion 92 may abut the downwardly extending portion 122 as shown in fig. 11. In contrast, according to fig. 9, the fixed grate bars 80 are fixed relative to the support members 84. Thus, if the fixed grate bars 80 are placed horizontally near the movable grate bars 120, relative movement between the grate bars 80 and 120 can occur during operation.

Similar to the fixed grate 80 of fig. 9, the left outer surface 94 of the movable grate 120 has a plurality of transverse slots 126, the transverse slots 126 extending from the upper surface 96 of the movable grate. Likewise, the right side (not shown) of the grate bar 120 has a right outer surface (not shown) that extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the grate bar. The right outer surface has a plurality of transverse grooves 126 (not shown). These transverse slots 126 extend from the upper surface 96 of the movable grate bar 120 to the lower surface 98 of the movable grate bar 120.

As previously mentioned, the

transverse grooves

95 or 126 are inclined at an angle to the vertical such that the transverse grooves 95 on both sides of the

grate bar

80 or 120, respectively, are inclined in the same direction. The transverse slots 66 of the

bars

62 and 63 of fig. 1 and 2 may be transverse slots 126. The transverse grooves 95 of the fixed grate bars 80 shown in fig. 10 and 11 are oppositely inclined.

Generally, the movable grate bar 120 may have two identical projections 124 for lateral stabilization. The fixed grate bars 80 and the movable grate bars 120 may have different support members 84. In use, each support member 84 is used to support a plurality of fire bars 80 and 120, the plurality of fire bars 80 and 120 being arranged such that one fixed fire bar 80 is placed horizontally adjacent to a movable fire bar 120, as shown in fig. 25. The support member 84 is used to move the grate bars 80 or 120 back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the grate bars 80 or 120, respectively, and the back and forth movement can achieve the effect of stirring the fuel received on the upper portion 96, which is beneficial to improving the sufficient degree of combustion.

In the forward moving step, the support member 84 is moved from the first end to the second end. Then, the upper portion 92 of the vertically extending part 91 of the support member 84 abuts the longitudinal projection 83 of the movable grate bar 120 to move the movable grate bar 120 in the same direction as the support member 84. The upper portion 92 also abuts the projection 124 of the fixed grate bar 80 moving in the same direction as shown in fig. 10. In the backward moving step, the support member 84 is moved from the second end to the first end. The upper portion 92 of the vertically extending portion 91 of the support member 84 abuts the downwardly extending hook 85 of the fixed grate bar 80 to move the fixed grate bar 80 in the same direction as the support member 84. As shown in fig. 11, the upper portion 92 also abuts a downwardly extending portion of the movable grate bar 120 to move in the same direction at a later time. This is because of the time required for the upper portion 92 to move within it. The space between the protrusion 124 and the downwardly extending portion 122.

In other words, in the backward movement step, the movable grate bar 120 will start to move after the fixed grate bar 80. Similarly, in a subsequent forward movement step, the movable grate bar 120 will start moving after the fixed grate bar 80. The forward and reverse steps are repeated. This arrangement enables the comminution and transport of the waste material.

The left lateral slots 95 of the fixed grate bars 80 are intended to cooperate with the right lateral slots 126 of the grate bars 120 to receive and crush the combustion materials, as the grate bars 80 and 120 move in relation to each other as described above.

When the upper ends of the right lateral groove 126 and the left lateral groove 95 are aligned or coincident with each other, receiving combustion material may occur in a first position, as shown in fig. 15. The receiving space 128 is defined by the abutting sides of adjacent grate bars 80 and 120 and their respective lateral

transverse grooves

95 and 126. As shown in fig. 15,16,17, the transfer volume 130 defined by the intersection of the transverse slots 66 moves up and down during operation. The large waste particles caught in the groove 95,126 move up and down in the conveying space 130 until they move to the top or bottom of the grate or until they are sheared into smaller particles. Smaller particles trapped in the grooves fall through the grooves 95,126 below the grate bars and/or are also sheared apart.

Cutting of material trapped in groove 95,126 occurs as the side edges of adjacent grooves 95,126 move toward each other. The relative movement of two adjacent slots 95,126 provides an increase in cutting force due to the angular relationship between the cutting force and the inclination of the slot 95,126. The corresponding cutting angle β is shown in fig. 16, which in this embodiment is approximately 90 °. It can be made less than 90 deg. to facilitate air transport. The pushing force of the movable step frame is converted into a normal cutting force perpendicular to the groove 95,126 and into a pushing force parallel to the groove 95,126. This improves the cleaning of the groove 95,126.

Fig. 12,13 and 14 show cross-sections of several embodiments of the grate bar groove 95,126. The cross-section has a rectangular, saw-tooth and circular saw-tooth shape. A grate bar channel 95,126 having a rectangular cross-section as shown in fig. 12 is particularly advantageous. They provide good air throughput, are edge cut on both sides, and are easy to process.

Fig. 18 shows a cross section of a reciprocating grate 161 of the waste incineration apparatus, the movement of the grate being indicated by the arrow and the movement of the rod 173. In the cross-section shown, all the bars are fixed bars 80, the horizontally adjacent bars are designed as movable grates, the bars being located in the cross-section in front of and behind the cross-section shown. The drive assembly for one fixed grate bar 80, including each second fixed grate bar 80, is best seen in fig. 19, supported by a movable step frame 170. A set of non-driven fixed grate bars 80, including each intermediate fixed grate bar, is supported by a fixed step frame 171. The movable step frame 170 and the fixed step frame 171 include T-shaped support members. The frames 170,171 may be formed in such a way that the T-shaped support member 84 is provided by a cross-section of the

frames

170, 171.

In operation, the driven set of fixed grate bars 80 are moved forward and backward by the T-shaped support members 84 of the movable step frame 170, while the non-driven set of fixed grate bars are held in place by the T-shaped support members. Likewise, horizontally adjacent fire bars, seen in fig. 19, include a set of driven movable fire bars 120 and a set of non-driven movable fire bars 120, which include every other movable fire bar 120 and every intermediate movable fire bar 120, respectively. The driven set of movable grate bars 120 is supported by a movable step frame 170 and the non-driven set of movable grate bars 120 is supported by a fixed step frame 171.

In operation, the driven set of movable bars 120 moves forward and backward through the T-shaped support member 84 while the non-driven set of movable bars 120 moves back and forth through the nose 124. The movable grate bars 120 of the non-driven set of movable grate bars 120 are movable between upper and lower ends, the space between which is enclosed by a downwardly extending portion 122 and a nose 124, in which the T-shaped support member 84 engages. The support member 84 of the driven grate group is connected to a drive beam 172, and the drive beam 172 is connected to the pusher 162. The push rod 162 is in turn connected to a motor (not shown) which generates a reciprocating motion via a rod 173.

Fig. 19 shows three subsequent movable grate bars 120, the bottom and top movable grate bars 120 resting on a fixed step frame 171, the middle movable grate bars 120 resting on a movable step frame 170. As shown, the top movable grate bar 120 abuts on the nose 124 of the middle movable grate bar 120, so that a transmission of power can be created.

Fig. 20 shows a side view of another embodiment of the grate bar of fig. 9. Fig. 20 shows a grate bar 140 having similar components to the fixed grate bar 80 of fig. 9. The grate bar 140 includes connecting means 142,144, the connecting means 142 and 144 having elongated grooves 146,148, respectively. The elongated recesses 146,148 are engaged with engagement members 150,152, respectively. Fig. 21 shows a first cross section through the grate bar 140 proximally adjacent to the engaging element 152, while fig. 22 shows a second cross section through the grate bar 140 distally adjacent to the engaging element 150. In use, the engagement elements 150,152 may be bayonet-type movable within the elongate recesses 146,148 of the

coupling devices

142, 144.

Fig. 23 shows a top view of the fixed grate 80, the movable grate 120 and the fixed grate 80'. The fixed grate bars 80 are movably supported on the fixed step frame 171 by joint members, which are not shown in fig. 23. The figure shows a scrap block 102 fixed between the fixed 80 and movable 120 bars: the scrap block 102 is wider than the gap between the fixed grate 80 and the movable grate 120 and bends the movable grate 120 and the adjacent fixed grate 80. The direction of the force may be generated along the bend lines 103,103 'so that a bending moment is exerted on the bars 120,80', which may eventually lead to rupture of the movable bars 120. The thermal stresses, combined with the increased wear of the bars 120,80', which are generally made of cast iron, result in poor bending properties under the action of the deformation forces, which makes the cast iron relatively brittle.

According to the actual production end, fig. 24 shows the broken grate bars 120, which are supported by the engagement elements 150,152, the engagement elements 150,152 engaging into the elongated grooves 146,148 of the adjacent grate bars 80 and being engaged by the engagement elements 150,152 of the adjacent grate bars 80'. It engages into the elongated grooves 146,148 of the broken grate bars. The rupture line of the broken grate bars extends between the engagement elements of the broken grate bars, which are indicated by zigzag lines. The first crushing member is held in place by the engagement elements 152 on both sides of the first crushing member and the second crushing member is held in place by the engagement elements 150 on both sides of the second crushing member. Thereby, the two pieces are prevented from falling and the waste processing plant can continue to operate. As long as the fragments are not damaged too much, they remain together, preventing the refuse from falling between the fragments.

For the first and last grate bars of the horizontal row, engaging elements and/or coupling means may be provided at the side walls of the grate bars. Fig. 25 shows a front view on a horizontal row of bars, with fixed bars 80 alternating with movable bars 120. The fixed grate bar 80 is engaged with the movable grate bar 120 by means of an engaging element 150 and a connecting means 142, indicated by dashed lines. The fixed bars 80 alternate with the movable bars 120. The fixed grate bar 80 is engaged with the movable grate bar 120 by means of an engaging element 150 and a connecting means 142, indicated by dashed lines. The fixed bars 80 alternate with the movable bars 120. The fixed grate bar 80 is engaged with the movable grate bar 120 by means of an engaging element 150 and a connecting means 142, indicated by dashed lines.

Fig. 26 shows a side view of one embodiment of the grate bar 80 of fig. 25. Fig. 26 shows an engaging element 150 comprising an octagonal projection 157. The octagonal projections 157 engage into the elongated recesses 146 of the broken bars, the two portions of the broken bars 80 tilting under their own weight until the elongated recesses 146 contact the two opposite edges F of the octagonal projections 157, thus preventing them from tilting further. In fig. 26, two contact points are indicated by arrows F. The same effect occurs for the octagonal projection 157 on the other side of the broken grate bars 80, which octagonal projection 157 engages into the elongated groove 142 of the adjacent grate bars 120 and in a similar manner serves to fix the grate bars 80 as well as the movable grate bars 120. In use, the engagement elements 155 are subjected to shear forces when engaged with the respective coupling device. The octagonal projection 157 provides a larger contact area with the coupling device so that wear caused by shear forces is reduced.

As adjacent fire bars move relative to each other, material trapped between the fire bars moves against the octagonal projections 157. The edges of the octagon provide a cutting effect. Furthermore, the four sides of the octagonal projection 157 that are inclined relative to the horizontal deflect material towards the top and towards the bottom as it moves against the octagonal projection 157. This provides a self-cleaning function of the elongated groove 146.

Fig. 27 shows different views of the grate in fig. 1, fig. 27-4 shows a cross-sectional view along line a-a of the distal end of the grate of fig. 27-2, fig. 27-5 shows a cross-sectional view along line B-B of the second coupling means of the grate of fig. 27-2, fig. 27-6 shows a cross-sectional view along line C-C of the first coupling means of the grate of fig. 27-2, and fig. 27-7 shows a cross-sectional view along line D-D of the first and second projections of the grate of fig. 27-2.

Fig. 27-5 and 27-6 show cross-sectional views through the grate bars at points along the bars where the connection means are located. The elongated recesses 43,45 of fig. 6 are shown in fig. 27-5 and 27-6, while the corresponding

releasable engagement elements

38,40 of fig. 6 have been omitted for clarity.

Fig. 28 shows a top view of a row of grate bars 80,120 installed into a step frame. The side bars 105,106 of the ladder frame and the upper part 92 of the T-shaped profile of the ladder frame are shown from above. The installation process is substantially the same for both the movable and fixed step frames. To mount the side bars 105,106, the right side bar 106 is bent outwardly. Then, a row of alternating fixed and movable grate bars 80,120 are inserted one after the other. During insertion, the engagement elements 150,152 of a grate bar are inserted into the respective

elongated grooves

42,45 of the left adjacent grate bar or left side bar 105. After the last grate bar in a row is inserted, the pressure lowers the lever, causing the right side rod 106 to bend inward.

In a variation of the embodiment of fig. 28, the placement of the engagement elements 150,152 and the elongated recess is reversed. In another variant, the arrangement of the fixed and movable bars in a row is reversed. The alternating arrangement of fixed and movable grate bars may also be such that there is always a fixed grate bar 80 next to the side bars 105,106, the grate bar 80 may then be fixed to the side bars 105, 106. In this case, it is preferable to use an odd number of bars in a row. The fire bars may also be inserted in groups.

Fig. 29 shows a further embodiment of a joining element 150' of a grate bar. The engagement element 150' has a bone-like form with a neck 197 in the middle. This form may be chosen, for example, to reduce weight. In the embodiment of fig. 29, the coupling elements are formed by two protrusions 198,199 extending along the length of adjacent grate bars 80. The protrusions 198,199 form a track having a height H between them. Similar to the octagonal element 150 as shown in fig. 26, the engaging element 150 'comprises a front face 200 and an inclined face 201 the engaging element 150' comprises two end portions 202,203 which are defined by a maximum vertical extension h perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Fig. 30 shows a cross section of two adjacent grate bars 80,120, comprising a coupling device 142 'and a joining element 150'. By way of example, the grate bar with the engaging elements 150 'is shown as a movable grate bar, and the grate bar with the coupling means 142' is shown as a fixed grate bar 80. Fig. 31 shows another modification in which the coupling means 142 "are dimensioned larger than the engaging elements 150" on the opposite side of the grate bar 80. For adjoining grate bars 120, the engaging elements 150' "are dimensioned larger than the coupling means 142" to match the coupling means 142 "and the engaging elements 150", respectively.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fire bar for waste incineration, its characterized in that, set up a plurality of horizontal grooves that communicate upper and lower surface on the side of fire bar, just horizontal groove with the length direction of fire bar is out of plumb setting, all set up on two sides of fire bar the horizontal groove, and on two sides the horizontal groove is seted up the angle and is different.

2. The grate bar for incinerating refuse according to claim 1, wherein: the transverse grooves formed in the two side faces are uniformly arranged in the length direction of the side faces at intervals, and the transverse grooves formed in the two side faces are correspondingly formed in one-to-one positions.

3. The waste incineration grate bar according to claim 2, wherein: the transverse grooves are all formed along the same inclination.

4. The waste incineration grate bar according to claim 2, wherein: the plurality of transverse grooves formed in the side face of one side of the fire bar are formed along the same inclination, and the two rows of transverse grooves formed in the two side faces are different in forming inclination.

5. The waste incineration grate bar according to claim 4, wherein: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is rectangular.

6. The waste incineration grate bar according to claim 4, wherein: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is in a sawtooth shape.

7. A fire grate for waste incineration is characterized in that: the waste incineration grate comprises a fixed grate and a movable grate, wherein the fixed grate and the movable grate respectively comprise a plurality of grate bars for waste incineration according to any one of claims 1-6, and the fixed grate and the movable grate are respectively provided with a transverse groove.

8. The grate of claim 7, wherein: the fixed grates and the movable grates are arranged in a staggered mode and are connected in sequence, and the transverse grooves formed in the side faces of the adjacent fixed grates and the adjacent movable grates correspond in position and are staggered in direction.

9. A waste incineration treatment device is characterized in that: comprising a grate as claimed in claim 8.