CN110686262B - Fire grate for garbage incineration and garbage incineration treatment device - Google Patents
Fire grate for garbage incineration and garbage incineration treatment device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110686262B CN110686262B CN201910955513.0A CN201910955513A CN110686262B CN 110686262 B CN110686262 B CN 110686262B CN 201910955513 A CN201910955513 A CN 201910955513A CN 110686262 B CN110686262 B CN 110686262B
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- grate
- fire
- transverse grooves
- bar
- movable
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/12—Fire-bars
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
- F23H2700/009—Grates specially adapted for incinerators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grate for garbage incineration, a grate, an incineration treatment device and an incineration method, wherein a plurality of transverse grooves communicated with the upper surface and the lower surface are formed in the side face of the grate, the transverse grooves are arranged in a non-perpendicular mode with the length direction of the grate, the transverse grooves are formed in the two side faces of the grate, and the transverse grooves in the two side faces are different in opening angle. Through the arrangement, the fuel continuously advances on the upper surface of the fire grate through movement during garbage incineration, and meanwhile, the transverse grooves provide good heat transfer and air passage effects, so that the normal combustion is facilitated, and after large particles which are insufficiently combusted enter the transverse grooves, the large particles can be further chopped under the shearing action of relative movement of adjacent fire bars, so that the subsequent full combustion is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage combustion, in particular to a grate for garbage incineration and a garbage incineration treatment device.
Background
Thermal power generation is a part of the power generation industry with a quite large proportion, and various countries and regions in the world are not free from the support of the thermal power generation to the power system. The traditional thermal power generation always adopts non-renewable resources such as burning coal mine and the like as fuel, and although the heat supply is stable, the conversion rate is not high on one hand, the environmental pollution is heavy on the other hand, and the exploitation of the non-renewable resources is unfavorable for sustainable development.
Based on the above, a circulating fluidized bed type power generation mode is developed in the subsequent thermal power industry, coal resources are used as fuel for combustion under the action of a fluidized bed, and a plurality of combustible substances can be used for combustion power generation, so that the conversion rate is high, the pollution is low, and the sustainable development is facilitated. Further, among the means of disposing of garbage, combustion power generation is becoming more and more important, and the amount of work to replace landfills is increasing, because it is a multi-purpose technology to use garbage as combustible fuel to generate and supply power, and the key is whether garbage can be burned sufficiently or is suitable for combustion, and a garbage incinerator strip and a garbage incineration disposal device are proposed based on this.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a furnace bar for garbage incineration and a garbage incineration treatment device, which are favorable for garbage combustion more fully.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a plurality of transverse grooves communicated with the upper surface and the lower surface are formed in the side face of the fire bar, the transverse grooves are arranged in a non-perpendicular mode in the length direction of the fire bar, the transverse grooves are formed in the two side faces of the fire bar, and the transverse grooves in the two side faces are different in forming angle.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, fuel constantly advances through the motion at the grate upper surface when msw incineration, and horizontal groove provides good heat transfer and air passage effect simultaneously, is favorable to the normal clear of burning, and after the insufficient large granule of burning got into horizontal groove simultaneously, can further cut up under the shearing effect of adjacent fire bar relative motion, is favorable to follow-up abundant burning.
The invention is further provided with: the transverse grooves formed in the two side surfaces are uniformly formed in a plurality of positions along the length direction of the side surfaces at intervals, and the transverse grooves formed in the two side surfaces are formed in one-to-one correspondence.
The invention is further provided with: the transverse grooves are all formed along the same inclination.
The invention is further provided with: the transverse grooves formed in the single side face of the fire bar are formed along the same inclination, and the inclination of the two rows of transverse grooves formed in the two side faces is different.
The invention is further provided with: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is rectangular.
The invention is further provided with: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is zigzag.
The utility model provides a fire grate for waste incineration, includes fixed fire grate and movable fire grate, fixed fire grate and movable fire grate all include that a plurality of fire bars splice forms, and have all offered horizontal groove on fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate.
The invention is further provided with: the fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate are staggered and connected in sequence, and the transverse grooves formed in the side surfaces of the adjacent fixed fire grate and movable fire grate are correspondingly formed in a staggered manner.
A garbage incineration treatment device comprises a fire grate.
The incineration method of garbage incineration treatment equipment includes fire grates, and makes adjacent fire grates produce relative movement, so that the fuel between adjacent fire grates can be fed into transverse groove, and can be sheared along with the relative movement of adjacent fire grates so as to attain the goal of pulverizing.
The fuel continuously advances on the upper surface of the fire grate through movement during the garbage incineration, and meanwhile, the transverse grooves provide good heat transfer and air channel effects, so that the normal combustion is facilitated, and meanwhile, after large particles which are insufficiently combusted enter the transverse grooves, the large particles can be further chopped under the shearing action of the relative movement of adjacent fire bars, so that the subsequent full combustion is facilitated. The position of seting up of horizontal groove needs adjacent correspondence and crisscross, therefore when adjacent grate produced relative motion, two complex horizontal grooves can form powerful shearing action, cuts up the granule to drop to the below, be favorable to the abundant of burning more, the activity change of horizontal groove also is favorable to the transmission and the circulation of air simultaneously, can provide favorable environment for the burning. The cross section shape of the transverse groove is set, and the design and the selection made for the self-cleaning effect of particles in the transverse groove are favorable for keeping the smoothness of the transverse groove based on different shearing effects which can be brought by different shapes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a grate bar with partially replaceable end caps;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of an end cap having a thrust element and a cleaning element;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of an end cap having a thrust element and a cleaning element;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a third embodiment of an end cap having a thrust element and a cleaning element;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the end cap of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a movable grate embodiment of the grate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is another side view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the grate and pyramidal elements;
FIG. 9 shows a side view of a fixed grate;
FIG. 10 illustrates a side view of one embodiment of a movable grate;
FIG. 11 shows a side view of another embodiment of a movable grate;
FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of a transverse slot of an adjacent grate bar;
FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional view of a transverse slot of another adjacent grate bar;
FIG. 14 shows a cross-sectional view of a transverse slot of a third adjacent grate bar;
FIG. 15 shows a schematic side view of the relative positions of the transverse slots of two adjacent fire bars of FIG. 1;
FIG. 16 shows a schematic side view of another relative position of the transverse slots of two adjacent fire bars of FIG. 1;
FIG. 17 shows a schematic side view of a third relative position of the transverse grooves of two adjacent bars of FIG. 1;
FIG. 18 shows a cross section of a reciprocating grate of a refuse-burning power plant;
FIG. 19 shows the structure of a movable grate in FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 shows a side view of another embodiment with a connecting device;
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the connection device of FIG. 20;
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative attachment device of FIG. 20;
FIG. 23 shows a situation in which a failure is encountered in normal production;
FIG. 24 shows a state diagram of the grate in a broken state;
FIG. 25 shows a front view of the grate;
FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the structure of the engagement elements between the bars;
FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the structure of a fire bar, wherein 27-1 is a section A-A of 27-2, 27-2 is a side view of the fire bar, 27-3 is a section of 27-2, 27-4 is an isometric view of the fire bar, 27-5 is a section B-B of 27-2, 27-6 is a section C-C of 27-2, and 27-7 is a section D-D of 27-2;
FIG. 28 is a schematic view of a row of bars installed;
FIG. 29 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a joining element between the bars;
FIG. 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 29;
fig. 31 is a schematic view of the structure of a third embodiment of the engagement element between the bars.
Reference numerals:
10. the fire bars, 11, left side, 12, right side, 13, front surface, 14, distal end, 15, proximal end, 16, upper portion, 17, longitudinal protrusion, 18, nose, 19, nose, 20, retention hole, 21, stepped recess, 22, first end cap, 23, second end cap, 24, securing means, 25, left side, 26, engagement lip, 27, attachment hole, left proximal modification zone 28, left central modification zone 29, left distal modification zone 30, right proximal modification zone 31, right central modification zone 32, right distal modification zone 33, first protrusion 34, second protrusion 35, left side 36, attachment hole 37, first engagement element 38, hole 39, second engagement element 40, hole 41, first fire bar connecting means 42, first elongated recess 43, second fire bar connecting means 44, second elongated recess 45, lateral recess 46, lateral recess 47; 48. a lower surface, 49, an upper surface, pyramidal elements 50;
60. the grate, 62, grate, 63, grate, 65, front surface, 66, lateral slot, 67, lower vertical portion, 68, upper angled portion, 70, end cap, 70', end cap, 70", end cap, 70'", end cap, 74, bolt, 75, bolt, 80, fixed grate, upper portion 81, front surface 82, longitudinal projection 83, support member 84, proximal modification area 86, central modification area 87, distal modification area 88, left outer surface 94, upper portion 96, scrap piece 102, 120, movable grate, downward extension 122, protrusion 124, coupling means 142, coupling means 144, elongated recess 146, elongated recess 148, engagement element 150, engagement element 152, 170, movable step frame, 174, thrust element 175, cleaning element, 176, bolt, 178, L-shaped protrusion, 179, T-shaped slit, 180, bolt, 182, T-shaped slit, 183, L-shaped protrusion, 188, receiving area.
Detailed Description
A grate bar, as shown in fig. 1, shows a grate bar 62 and another grate bar 63, each having a front surface 65 and an upper portion 16. The front surface 65 includes a lower vertical portion 67 and an upper inclined portion 68, and an end cap 70 is provided on the front surface 65. The end cap 70 includes two upwardly facing portions, a horizontal portion 71 and a parallel portion 72, the parallel portion 72 being snugly secured to the upper angled portion 68 of the front face 65.
As shown in fig. 2-4, the end cap 70 is secured to the grate bars 62 or 63 by bolts 74,75 inserted from the underside of the upper portion 16, with the horizontal portion 71 abutting the upper portion 16 and the parallel portion 72 abutting the upper angled portion 68 by the releasable securing action of the bolts 74 and 75. While figures 2-4 illustrate three different embodiments of the end cap 70, respectively, the details are as follows:
FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of end cap 70 having a thrust element 174 and a cleaning element 175. The thrust element 174 and the cleaning element 175 are longitudinal protrusions having a triangular cross-section that are aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The fixed attachment of the thrust and cleaning elements to the non-stationary grate bars is advantageous, namely the movable grate bars 120 and the fixed grate bars 80 as shown in fig. 9 and 10, which are attached to the movable step frame 170 to create movement and form a fit with the thrust element 174 and the cleaning element 175.
The thrust elements 174 facilitate rearward movement and circulation of fuel over the grate 60 formed by the plurality of grate bars in fig. 1, while the cleaning elements 175 facilitate forward and downward movement of fuel. As shown in fig. 3, within the end caps 70,70',70″ are provided short bolts 176 and have corresponding bolt heads 177, as well as long bolts 180 and corresponding bolt heads 181. Bolts 176,180 are disposed in T-shaped slots 179,182 of end caps 70,70',70", 70'". The lower portion of the T-shaped slot is formed by two L-shaped protrusions 178 and 183 and the end caps 70,70',70", 70'". For simplicity, portions of the end caps 70 'and 70' "that are similar to portions of the end cap 70" are not separately provided with reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 4, washers are provided on the bolts 176,180 and corresponding nuts 185,186 are screwed onto the bolt threads and then spot welded to the bolts 176, 180.
Fig. 4 shows a receiving area 188 bounded by the upper portion 16 and the end caps 70,70',70", 70'", the upper portion of the receiving area 188 being the end cap 70 and the end caps 70 being provided with steps 187 and 184, respectively, at both ends for snap-fit alignment with the upper portion 16, with the holes in the upper portion 16 being larger than the diameter of the bolts 180. In this manner, no precise alignment of the protrusions 178,183 with the bolts 176,180, respectively, is required, and alignment is provided by the steps 184 and 187 of the receiving area 188.
In another embodiment of the end cap 70, the end cap 70 is provided without the thrust element 174 or with the cleaning element 175, fig. 5 shows a bottom view of fig. 1 and 2, with bolts 176 and 180 with corresponding bolt heads 177,181 disposed in T-shaped slots 179,182 in a similar manner to curtain hooks in a curtain rail and secured against horizontal movement by frictional engagement. The width of the portions of the slit 179,182 between the L-shaped protrusions 178,183 is smaller than the diameter of the corresponding bolt head 181,177.
As can be seen in fig. 1, the sides of the bars 62 and 63 are each provided with a plurality of aligned transverse grooves 66, the transverse grooves 66 being placed on both longitudinal sides of each bar 62, 63. The transverse slot extends from the upper portion 16 to a vertical portion of the longitudinal projection 17. The transverse grooves 66 are inclined at an angle to the vertical such that the transverse grooves 66 on one longitudinal side are inclined toward one end of the grate bar 62 or 63 and the transverse grooves 66 in the opposite longitudinal side are inclined toward the other end. The transverse grooves 66 may be used to remove material that is jammed between the bars 62,63 below the bars 62,63, simply by moving in opposite directions of adjacent bars 62,63 and thus by the transverse grooves 66. In addition, the transverse slots 66 also have the effect of flowing air from below the grate bars 62,63 to above the upper portion 16 to provide combustion gases to the material, facilitating more complete combustion.
The distance between the transverse grooves 66 and the width of the transverse grooves 66 are adapted so that any material falling from the upper portion 16 into the grooves 66 and received will be cut and crushed when the bars 62,63 are moved relative to each other. The plurality of transverse grooves 66 are spaced evenly along the entire length of the grate bars 62,63 to also facilitate the supply of combustion gases, such as air, to the entire working area of the grate 60.
Fig. 6 and 7 illustrate a movable grate bar 10, where "movable" refers to movement relative to a step frame or support member. The support members are not shown in fig. 6 and 7, but can be seen in fig. 6 and 7, and fig. 10-11 show a similar grate.
Specifically, the movable grate 10 has a left side 11, a right side 12, a front surface 13, a distal end 14, and a proximal end 15. The movable grate 10 has an upper portion 16 and an overrunning longitudinal protrusion 17. The end portion 15 has two projecting noses 18,19 projecting downwards from the upper portion 16. At the distal end 14 of the movable grate 10, the upper part 16 and the longitudinal projection 17 extend to a front surface 13 arranged at an angle to the upper part 16, the front surface 13 being provided with a holding hole 20, and a first end cap 22 or a second end cap 23 being detachably fixed to the front surface 13 by means of fixing means 24. As shown in fig. 7, the bottom of the front surface 13 has a flat stepped recess 21.
The first end cap 22 is generally L-shaped in side view, with its left side including a lower surface 48 and an upper surface 49 and a lower side (not shown), the upper surface 49 being disposed at an angle to the lower surface 48. The underside has an upwardly projecting engagement lip 26 at an end thereof adjacent the underside of the lower surface 48 the first end cap 22 has an attachment aperture 27 extending from its upper surface 49 to the underside of its upper surface. When the lower surface 48 of the first end cap 22 is mounted on the front surface 13, the lower surface 48 of the first end cap 22 is oriented perpendicular to the upper portion 16 of the movable grate bar 10.
The second end cap 23, which may be used as an alternative to the first end cap 22, is generally L-shaped in side view, having a left side 25 and an underside (not shown). At the lower end there is an upwardly projecting engagement lip 26, and the second end cap 23 is also open with an attachment hole 27 extending from its left side 25 to the lower side of its front end. The left side 25 of the second end cap 23 is flat and perpendicular to the upper portion 16 of the movable grate bar 10 when mounted on the front surface 13. The first end cap 22 or the second end cap 23 is used to push the received material for forward combustion. The first end cap 22 or the second end cap 23 is also designed to be removed from the front face 13 of the grate 10 for ease of maintenance. According to fig. 1, removable tops 70,71,72 may alternatively be mounted to the grate bar 10. The removable top 70,71,72 may also be easily installed and removed as compared to the first end second end caps 22, 23.
The removability of the end caps 22,23 has the advantage that when only the front face is worn, the entire grate bar does not need to be replaced. This reduces material costs and system downtime. The front end of the grate bar 10 is often subject to wear. The removability of the end caps 22,23 also allows for the use of different types of end caps. To improve the securement of the first end cap 22 or the second end cap 23, the engagement lip 26 engages with the groove 21. Further, the fixing device 24 is inserted through the connection hole 27 of the first end cap 22 or the second end cap 23 and engaged with the holding hole.
The longitudinal protrusion 17 of the movable grate bar 10 has six zones, a left proximal modified zone 28, a left central modified zone 29, a left distal modified zone 30, a right proximal modified zone 31, a right central modified zone 32 and a right distal modified zone 33. The surfaces of the above-described regions 28,29,30,31,32, 33 are raw, which serve to enhance stability and counteract bending under load. Instead, the surface of the left side 11, the right side 12 is smooth.
The left and right proximal modified regions 28,31 of the longitudinal projection 17 include a first projection 34 and a second projection 35, each of which extend downwardly from the underside (not shown) of the longitudinal projection 17. The first and second protrusions 34, 35 have the same shape and form left and rear sides 36, 31 (not shown) of the left and right proximal modified regions 28, 31. The left and right proximal modified regions 28,31 further include attachment holes 37 that open horizontally therethrough. The front ends of the first and second protrusions 34, 35 are arranged perpendicular to the upper portion 16 of the movable grate 10 and face the front face 13.
A first engagement element 38 is provided on the left side 11 of the longitudinal projection 17, the first engagement element 38 being located between the left proximal modified zone 28 and the left central modified zone 29. The first engagement element 38 has a bore 39 extending in the axis between the distal ends. A second engagement element 40 is also provided on the left side 11 of the longitudinal projection 17, the second engagement element 40 being located longitudinally between the left central modified zone 29 and the left distal modified zone 30. The second engagement element 40 has a bore 41 extending along the axis.
A first grate bar connection means 42 is provided on the right side 12 of the longitudinal projection 17, the first grate bar connection means 42 being located between the right distal modified zone 31 and the right central modified zone 32. The first grate bar connecting means 42 has a first elongated recess 43, the first elongated recess 43 being open in the direction of the axis of elongation of the distal end 14 to the proximal end 15 of the movable grate bar 10. A second grate bar connection means 44 is arranged on the right side 12 of the longitudinal protrusion 17, the second grate bar connection means 44 being located between the right distal modified zone 33 and the right central modified zone 32. The second grate bar connecting means 44 has a second elongated recess 45, the second elongated recess 45 being open in the direction of the elongation axis of the distal end 14 to the proximal end 15 of the movable grate bar 10.
The transverse grooves 46 and 47 of fig. 7 are similar to the transverse groove 66 shown in fig. 1 and the transverse groove 95 shown in fig. 9, the transverse groove 95 of the grate bar being best seen in fig. 9 and 10, and in fig. 10, the transverse groove 126 is shown at an angle of about 60 ° relative to the vertical. The first set of three transverse grooves 46 in fig. 7 extends from the left side 11 of the upper portion 16 to the left central modified zone 29, the set of transverse grooves 46 having an inclination angle with respect to the vertical. The second set of transverse grooves 47 extend from the left side 11 of the upper portion 16 to the left side proximal modified zone 30. The second set of transverse grooves 47 have the same angle of inclination as the first set of transverse grooves 46.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the movable grate 10 also has a removable pyramid element 50 that is attached to the distal end of the upper portion 16. The pyramid element 50 has four faces, facing the front face 13, the left side 11, the right side 12 and the proximal end 15 of the movable grate 10, respectively, as shown in fig. 8, the pyramid element 50 can be connected to the upper portion 16 by a nut and bolt arrangement 160.
In the arrangement of the bars, each movable bar 10 is aligned with a horizontally adjacent fixed bar 80 such that its left side 11,17 abuts the right side 12,17 of the adjacent fixed bar 80. There is relative movement of one movable grate bar 10 with respect to an adjacent fixed grate bar 80. Herein, "fixed" refers to movement relative to the step frame or support member, which means that as the support member moves, the fixed grate bar 80 also moves with the support member. While the pyramidal elements 50 serve to improve the mixing of the material to be burnt and its conveying speed. It is designed to be replaced without replacing the entire movable grate 10, facilitating maintenance and reducing costs.
Fig. 8 shows a means for securing the pyramidal element 50 to the distal end of the grate 10. The grate includes a body 190, the shape of the body 190 being similar to an i-beam. The body 190 includes two slits protruding downward, the body 190 being shaped from a surface thereof, the two or more slits protruding downward. A hole 194 is provided in the body 190 for receiving the bolt 191. On the bottom side of the pyramidal element 50, a slit 192 is provided. The slit 192 has an enlarged upper portion 193, the head of the bolt 191 is disposed in the enlarged upper portion 193 of the slit 192, and the nut 160 is disposed at the bottom of the body 190. The bolt 191 is provided on the bolt 191. In the hole 194 of the body 190 and in the slit 192 of the pyramidal element 50, a bolt 191 passes through the nut 160. The nut 160 is spot welded to the bolt 191.
The first engagement element 38 engages the first elongated recess 43 and the second engagement element 40 engages the second elongated recess 45. Furthermore, the first and second engagement elements 38,40 are movable within the first and second elongated recesses 43, in such an arrangement of interconnected bars, a relative movement of adjacent bars in the longitudinal axis is possible. Even in the event of breakage of the movable grate bar 10 due to breakage, the engagement between the engagement elements and the connecting means allows the broken grate bar to continue to move relative to its vicinity, thus preventing the system from jamming, maintaining normal operation.
The upper portion 16 is adapted to receive and emphasize the material to be combusted, and the transverse grooves 46,47 provide for automatic cleaning of the fuel falling from the upper portion 16 and for providing gas to the upper portion 16 of the grate 10. The transverse grooves 46,47 are advantageously provided in the left central reforming zone, which makes possible the air flow between the upper portions 16 and below the grate bars 10. The left and right central reforming regions 29,32 allow combustion gases, such as air, from below the grate bars to enter the upper portion 16. In addition, the left and right central modified regions 29,32 transfer heat from the upper portion 16 to the left and right central modified regions 29,32 by the cooling fin action of the upper portion 16. The left and right central modified regions 29,32 thus enable the moving grate bar 10 to benefit from gas circulation in the region below the grate bar 10, resulting in efficient heat transfer, increasing the life of the grate bar 10.
Fig. 9 shows a side view of the fixed grate 80, with the left side 93 of the fixed grate 80 having a left outer surface 94 that extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the fixed grate 80. The left outer surface 94 has a plurality of transverse grooves 95. The transverse grooves 95 extend from the upper surface 96 of the fixed grate bar 80 to the lower surface 98 of the fixed grate bar 80, with the fixed grate bar 80 having upper portions 81 and 96, a front surface 82, longitudinal protrusions 83 and support members 84. The upper portion 81 is modified to form a downwardly extending hook 85, the longitudinal projection 83 having three modified areas on one of its longitudinal sides, a proximal modified area 86, a central modified area 87 and a distal modified area 88, respectively, in which the thickness of the longitudinal projection 83 is reduced.
The support member 84 has a horizontally extending portion 90 and a vertically extending portion 91. One end of the horizontal extension portion 90 extends from a middle portion of the vertical extension portion 91. An upper portion 92 of the vertically extending portion 91 is adapted to support the proximal end of the fixed grate bar 80. The support member 84 may be provided by a cross section of the carrier beam. The left outer surface 94 has a first engagement element 100 disposed between the proximal modified region 86 and the central modified region and a second engagement element 101 disposed between the central modified region 87 and the distal modified region 88.
Similarly, the right side (not shown) of the fixed grate bar 80 has a right outer surface that extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the fixed grate bar 80. The right outer surface has a plurality of transverse grooves 126, the transverse grooves 126 extending from the upper surface 96 of the fixed grate bar 80 to the lower surface 98 of the fixed grate bar 80 and having an opposite slope from the transverse grooves 95.
The right outer surface (not shown) has a first connection means (not shown) disposed between the proximal modified zone 86 and the central modified zone 87 and a second connection means (not shown) disposed between the central modified zone 87 and the distal end. On the sides of the grate bar, which is not shown in fig. 9, first and second connection means are provided, similar to the connection means 42,44 shown in fig. 6.
Fig. 10 and 11 show side views of another embodiment of the movable grate 120 in the first and second positions, respectively. The grate bar 120 has similar components to those of the fixed grate bar 80 of fig. 9. The upper portion 81 of the grate bar 120 is modified at its proximal end to form a downwardly extending portion 122. Further, a protrusion 124 is provided downwardly at the proximal end of the grate bar 120, extending downwardly from the underside of the longitudinal protrusion 83. .
The downwardly extending portion 122 and the vertical portion of the projection 124 define a space such that the upper portion 92 of the vertically extending portion 91 of the support member 84 is movable within the space, as shown in fig. 10, the upper portion 92 may abut the projection 124, or as shown in fig. 11, the upper portion 92 may abut the downwardly extending portion 122. In contrast, according to fig. 9, the fixed grate bar 80 is fixed relative to the support members 84. Thus, if the fixed grate bar 80 is placed horizontally adjacent to the movable grate bar 120, relative movement between the grate bars 80 and 120 can occur during operation.
Similar to the fixed grate bar 80 of fig. 9, the left outer surface 94 of the movable grate bar 120 has a plurality of transverse grooves 126, the transverse grooves 126 extending from the upper surface 96 of the movable grate bar. Likewise, the right side (not shown) of the grate bar 120 has a right outer surface (not shown) that extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the grate bar. The right outer surface has a plurality of transverse grooves 126 (not shown). These transverse grooves 126 extend from the upper surface 96 of the movable grate 120 to the lower surface 98 of the movable grate 120.
As previously described, the transverse grooves 95 or 126 are inclined at an angle relative to the vertical such that the transverse grooves 95 on either side of the grate bar 80 or the grate bar 120, respectively, are inclined in the same direction. The transverse grooves 66 of the bars 62 and 63 of fig. 1 and 2 may be transverse grooves 126. The transverse grooves 95 of the fixed grate bar 80 shown in fig. 10 and 11 are relatively inclined.
In general, the movable grate bar 120 can have two identical protrusions 124 for lateral stabilization. The fixed grate 80 and the movable grate 120 can have different support members 84. In use, each support member 84 is used to support a plurality of fire bars 80 and 120, the plurality of fire bars 80 and 120 being arranged such that one fixed fire bar 80 is placed horizontally adjacent to a movable fire bar 120, as shown in fig. 25. The support members 84 are used to move the grate bars 80 or 120 back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the grate bars 80 or 120, respectively, to agitate the fuel received on the upper portion 96 during the back and forth movement, thereby facilitating the full extent of combustion.
In the forward moving step, the support member 84 moves from the first end to the second end. Then, the upper portion 92 of the vertically extending portion 91 of the support member 84 abuts the longitudinal projection 83 of the movable grate bar 120 to move the movable grate bar 120 in the same direction as the support member 84. The upper portion 92 also abuts as shown in fig. 10 with the projections 124 of the fixed grate bar 80 moving in the same direction. In the rearward movement step, the support member 84 moves from the second end to the first end. An upper portion 92 of the vertically extending portion 91 of the support member 84 abuts the downwardly extending hooks 85 of the fixed grate bar 80 to move the fixed grate bar 80 in the same direction as the support member 84. As shown in fig. 11, the upper portion 92 also abuts the downwardly extending portion of the movable grate bar 120 to move in the same direction at a later time. This is because of the time required for the upper portion 92 to move inside. The space between the protrusion 124 and the downwardly extending portion 122.
In other words, in the backward moving step, the movable grate bar 120 will start moving after the fixed grate bar 80. Similarly, in a subsequent forward movement step, the movable grate bar 120 will begin to move after the fixed grate bar 80. The forward and reverse steps are repeated. This arrangement enables the comminution and transport of the waste material.
The left lateral slot 95 of the fixed grate bar 80 is intended to cooperate with the right lateral slot 126 of the grate bar 120 to receive and crush combustion material, as the grate bars 80 and 120 are moved in each manner as described above.
The receiving of combustion material may occur in a first position when the upper ends of the right side transverse slot 126 and the upper ends of the left side transverse slot 95 are aligned or coincident with one another, as shown in fig. 15. The receiving space 128 is defined by the adjoining sides of adjacent fire bars 80 and 120 and their respective lateral transverse grooves 95 and 126. As shown in fig. 15,16,17, the transfer volume 130 defined by the intersection of the transverse slots 66 moves up and down during operation. The large waste particles trapped in the grooves 95,126 move up and down in the conveying space 130 until they move to the top or bottom of the grate bar or until they are sheared into smaller particles. Smaller particles trapped in the grooves fall under the grate bars through grooves 95,126 and/or are also sheared apart.
Cutting of material trapped in grooves 95,126 occurs when the side edges of adjacent grooves 95,126 move toward each other. The relative movement of two adjacent grooves 95,126 provides an increase in cutting force due to the angular relationship between the cutting force and the inclination of the grooves 95,126. The corresponding cutting angle β is shown in fig. 16, which is about 90 ° in this embodiment. It can be made smaller than 90 ° to facilitate air transport. The pushing force of the movable step frame is converted into a normal cutting force perpendicular to the groove 95,126 and into a pushing force parallel to the groove 95,126. This improves the cleaning of the groove 95,126.
Fig. 12,13 and 14 show cross sections of several embodiments of the grate grooves 95,126. The cross section has a rectangular, saw tooth and circular saw tooth shape. A grate bar groove 95,126 having a rectangular cross section as shown in fig. 12 is particularly advantageous. They provide good air flux, side cut, and easy processing.
Fig. 18 shows a cross section of a reciprocating grate 161 of a waste incineration plant, the movement of the grate being represented by the arrow and the movement of the shaft 173. In the cross section shown, all bars are stationary bars 80. Horizontally adjacent bars are designed as movable grates, the bars being located in a cross section in front of and behind the cross section shown. One drive assembly for a fixed grate bar 80, which includes each second fixed grate bar 80, is best seen in fig. 19, supported by a movable step frame 170. A set of non-driven fixed bars 80, including each intermediate fixed bar, is supported by a fixed step frame 171. The movable step frame 170 and the fixed step frame 171 include T-shaped support members. The frames 170,171 may be formed in such a way that the T-shaped support member 84 is provided by the cross section of the frames 170, 171.
In operation, a driven set of fixed bars 80 are moved forward and rearward by the T-shaped support members 84 of the movable step frame 170, while a non-driven set of fixed bars are held in place by the T-shaped support members. Likewise, horizontally adjacent fire bars, seen in fig. 19, include a set of driven movable fire bars 120 and a set of non-driven movable fire bars 120, including every other movable fire bar 120 and every intermediate movable fire bar 120, respectively. The driven set of movable fire bars 120 is supported by a movable step frame 170, and the non-driven set of movable fire bars 120 is supported by a fixed step frame 171.
In operation, the driven set of movable bars 120 is moved forward and backward by the T-shaped support members 84 while the non-driven set of movable bars 120 is moved back and forth by the nose-shaped protrusions 124. The movable grate bars 120 of the non-driven set of movable grate bars 120 are movable between upper and lower ends, the space between the upper and lower ends being enclosed by a downwardly extending portion 122 and a nose-shaped projection 124, in which the T-shaped support member 84 engages. The support members 84 of the driven grate bar set are connected to drive beams 172, and the drive beams 172 are connected to push rods 162. The pushrod 162 is in turn connected to a motor (not shown) that produces reciprocating motion via a rod 173.
Fig. 19 shows three subsequent movable bars 120, the bottom and top movable bars 120 resting on a fixed step frame 171, the middle movable bar 120 resting on a movable step frame 170. As shown, the top movable grate bar 120 abuts against the nose-shaped protrusion 124 of the middle movable grate bar 120, so that power transmission can be established.
Fig. 20 shows a side view of another embodiment of the grate bar of fig. 9. Fig. 20 shows a grate 140 having similar components to the fixed grate 80 of fig. 9. The grate bar 140 includes connecting means 142,144, the connecting means 142 and 144 having elongated grooves 146,148, respectively. The elongated recesses 146,148 are engaged with the engagement members 150,152, respectively. Fig. 21 shows a first cross section through the grate 140 proximal to the engagement element 152, while fig. 22 shows a second cross section through the grate 140 distal to the engagement element 150. In use, the engagement members 150,152 are insertable for movement within the elongate recesses 146,148 of the coupling devices 142, 144.
Fig. 23 shows a top view of the fixed grate bar 80, the movable grate bar 120 and the fixed grate bar 80'. The fixed grate bar 80 is movably supported on the fixed step frame 171 by means of engagement elements, which are not shown in fig. 23. A scrap block 102 is shown secured between fixed grate 80 and movable grate 120: the scrap pieces 102 are wider than the gap between the fixed and movable bars 80,120 and bend the movable and adjacent fixed bars 120, 80. The direction of force may be generated along the bend lines 103,103 'such that bending moments are applied to the grate bars 120,80', two bending moments may ultimately result in breakage of the movable grate bars 120. The added thermal stress increases the wear of the grate bars 120,80', which are typically made of cast iron, and the bending properties under deformation forces are poor, resulting in cast iron that is relatively brittle.
Depending on the actual production end, FIG. 24 shows broken fire bars 120 supported by engagement elements 150,152, the engagement elements 150,152 engaging into elongated grooves 146,148 of adjacent fire bars 80 and being engaged by engagement elements 150,152 of adjacent fire bars 80'. Which engage in elongated grooves 146,148 of the broken grate bars. The broken line of broken grate bars extends between the engagement elements of the broken grate bars, which is indicated by the zigzag line. The first crushing member is held in place by engagement elements 152 on both sides of the first crushing member and the second crushing member is held in place by engagement elements 150 on both sides of the second crushing member. Thereby, two fragments are prevented from falling and the waste disposal plant can continue to operate. So long as the fragments are not damaged too much, they remain together, preventing the waste from falling between the fragments.
For the first and last grate bars of the horizontal row, engagement elements and/or coupling means may be provided at the side walls of the grate bars. Fig. 25 shows a front view on a horizontal row of bars, with fixed bars 80 alternating with movable bars 120. The fixed grate bar 80 is engaged with the movable grate bar 120 by means of an engagement element 150 and a connecting means 142, indicated by broken lines. The fixed bars 80 alternate with the movable bars 120. The fixed grate bar 80 is engaged with the movable grate bar 120 by means of an engagement element 150 and a connecting means 142, indicated by broken lines. The fixed bars 80 alternate with the movable bars 120. The fixed grate bar 80 is engaged with the movable grate bar 120 by means of an engagement element 150 and a connecting means 142, indicated by broken lines.
Fig. 26 shows a side view of one embodiment of the grate 80 of fig. 25. Fig. 26 shows an engagement element 150 comprising an octagonal projection 157. The octagonal projections 157 engage into the elongated recesses 146 of the broken grate bar, and the two portions of the broken grate bar 80 tilt under their own weight until the elongated recesses 146 contact the two opposite edges F of the octagonal projections 157, thus preventing them from tilting further. In fig. 26, two contact points are indicated by an arrow F. The same effect occurs for an octagonal projection 157 on the other side of the broken grate bar 80, which octagonal projection 157 engages into the elongated recess 142 of the adjacent grate bar 120 and serves to secure the grate bar 80 as well as the movable grate bar 120 in a similar manner. In use, the engagement elements 155 are subjected to shear forces when engaged with the respective coupling means. The octagonal projection 157 provides a larger contact area with the coupling means such that wear caused by shear forces is reduced.
As adjacent bars move relative to each other, material trapped between the bars moves against the octagonal projections 157. The edges of the octagon provide a cutting effect. Furthermore, the four sides of the octagonal projection 157 that are inclined relative to the horizontal deflect the material toward the top and toward the bottom as it moves against the octagonal projection 157. This provides a self-cleaning function of the elongated recess 146.
Fig. 27 shows different views of the grate in fig. 1, fig. 27-4 shows a cross-sectional view along line A-A of the distal end of the grate of fig. 27-2, fig. 27-5 shows a cross-sectional view along line B-B of the second coupling means of the grate of fig. 27-2, fig. 27-6 shows a cross-sectional view along line C-C of the first coupling means of the grate of fig. 27-2, and fig. 27-7 shows a cross-sectional view along line D-D of the first and second projections of the grate of fig. 27-2.
Fig. 27-5 and 27-6 show cross-sectional views through the fire bar at points along the bar where the connecting means are located. In fig. 27-5 and 27-6, the elongated recesses 43,45 of fig. 6 are shown, while the corresponding removable engagement elements 38,40 of fig. 6 are omitted for clarity.
Fig. 28 shows a top view of the installation of a row of fire bars 80,120 into a step frame. The side bars 105,106 of the step frame and the upper part 92 of the T-shaped profile of the step frame are shown from above. The installation process is substantially the same for both the movable step frame and the fixed step frame. To mount the side bars 105,106, the right side bar 106 is bent outwards. Then, a row of alternating fixed and movable bars 80,120 are inserted one after the other. During insertion, the engagement elements 150,152 of the fire bars are inserted into the corresponding elongated grooves 42,45 of the left adjacent fire bar or left side bar 105. After the last grate bar of a row is inserted, the pressure lowers the lever, causing the right lever 106 to flex inwardly.
In a variation of the embodiment of fig. 28, the placement of the engagement elements 150,152 and the elongated grooves are reversed. In another variation, the fixed and movable bars are reversed in a row. The alternating arrangement of fixed and movable bars may also be such that there is always a fixed bar 80 beside the sidebars 105,106, the bar 80 may then be fixed to the sidebars 105, 106. In this case, it is preferable to use an odd number of bars in a row. The bars may also be inserted in groups.
Fig. 29 shows another embodiment of the engagement element 150' of the fire bar. The engagement element 150' has a bone-like form with a neck 197 in the middle. For example, this form may be selected to reduce weight. In the embodiment of fig. 29, the coupling element is formed by two protrusions 198,199 extending along the length of adjacent fire bars 80. The protrusions 198,199 form a track having a height H therebetween. Similar to the octagonal element 150 shown in fig. 26, the engagement element 150 'includes a front face 200 and an inclined face 201. The engagement element 150' includes two ends 202,203 defined by a maximum vertical extension h perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
Fig. 30 shows a cross section of two adjacent fire bars 80,120, which include a coupling 142 'and an engagement element 150'. For example, the grate bar with the engagement elements 150 'is shown as a movable grate bar and the grate bar with the coupling means 142' is shown as a fixed grate bar 80. Fig. 31 shows a further modification in which the coupling means 142 "is sized larger than the engagement elements 150" on opposite sides of the grate bar 80. For the adjoining fire bars 120, the engaging elements 150' "are sized larger than the coupling means 142" to mate with the coupling means 142 "and the engaging elements 150", respectively.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a garbage incinerator strip, characterized in that, offer a plurality of horizontal grooves that communicate upper and lower surface on the side of fire bar, and horizontal groove is not perpendicular setting with the length direction of fire bar, both sides of fire bar are offered horizontal groove, and the angle is offered to horizontal groove on both sides differently;
the transverse grooves formed in the two side surfaces are uniformly arranged in a plurality at intervals along the length direction of the side surfaces, and the transverse grooves formed in the two side surfaces are correspondingly formed in one-to-one positions;
a plurality of transverse grooves formed in one side surface of the fire bar are formed along the same inclination, and the forming inclination of two rows of transverse grooves formed in two side surfaces is different;
each fire bar is provided with a front surface and an upper part, the front surface comprises a lower vertical part and an upper inclined part, an end cover is arranged on the front surface and comprises two upward facing parts, a horizontal part and a parallel part, and the parallel part is adhered and fixed on the upper inclined part of the front surface;
the end cap is secured to the grate bar by bolts inserted from the underside of the upper portion, with the horizontal portion abutting the upper portion and the parallel portion abutting the upper inclined portion by releasable securing action of the bolts.
2. A grate for waste incineration according to claim 1, characterised in that: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is rectangular.
3. A grate for waste incineration according to claim 1, characterised in that: at least the cross section of the transverse groove is zigzag.
4. The utility model provides a fire grate for msw incineration which characterized in that: comprising a fixed grate and a movable grate, wherein the fixed grate and the movable grate comprise a plurality of fire bars for garbage incineration, which are spliced by the fire bars for garbage incineration according to any one of claims 1-3, and transverse grooves are formed in the fixed grate and the movable grate.
5. The fire grate for waste incineration according to claim 4, wherein: the fixed fire grate and the movable fire grate are
Staggered and sequentially connected, and the transverse grooves formed on the side surfaces of the adjacent fixed fire grate and movable fire grate are provided with positions
Corresponding and staggered in direction.
6. A garbage incineration treatment device, which is characterized in that: comprising a fire grate for waste incineration as claimed in claim 4 or 5.
7. An incineration method of a garbage incineration treatment device is characterized in that: a fire grate for waste incineration as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein adjacent fire grates are moved relatively, so that fuel between adjacent fire grates enters the transverse grooves and is sheared along with the relative movement of adjacent fire grates, and the fire grate is crushed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910955513.0A CN110686262B (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Fire grate for garbage incineration and garbage incineration treatment device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910955513.0A CN110686262B (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Fire grate for garbage incineration and garbage incineration treatment device |
Publications (2)
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| CN110686262A CN110686262A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
| CN110686262B true CN110686262B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910955513.0A Active CN110686262B (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Fire grate for garbage incineration and garbage incineration treatment device |
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| CN (1) | CN110686262B (en) |
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| CN110686262A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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