CN220750146U - Two-stage counter-burning reciprocating grate structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fire grates, in particular to a two-stage back-firing reciprocating fire grate structure, which comprises: a grate frame; the forward pushing grate is arranged on the grate frame; the reverse pushing fire grate is arranged on the fire grate frame and is lower than the forward pushing fire grate; the ventilation system is arranged on the fire grate frame and is respectively connected with the forward pushing fire grate and the reverse pushing fire grate; the transmission device is arranged on the fire grate frame and is respectively connected with the forward pushing fire grate and the reverse pushing fire grate; and the driving device is connected with the transmission device. The utility model provides a two-stage counter-combustion reciprocating grate structure, which strengthens disturbance to a coal bed, prolongs the combustion time of coal, ensures more complete combustion, reduces the influence of high-temperature radiation of a hearth on grate segments and ensures the operation safety of a boiler.

Description

Two-stage counter-burning reciprocating grate structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fire grates, in particular to a two-stage back-firing reciprocating fire grate structure.

Background

Industrial boilers with coal as fuel have a considerable share in energy consumption, while boilers with fire grate as combustion equipment have a great proportion in coal-fired boilers in China. The reciprocating grate has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient manufacture and low metal consumption as combustion equipment, however, the reciprocating grate has some limitations in use, such as the requirement on the particle size of coal, and when the characteristics of coal cinder are strong, the reciprocating grate is easy to burn and not penetrate, and the grate pieces are easy to be damaged due to high-temperature radiation of a hearth, thus threatening the operation safety of the boiler.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a two-stage back-firing reciprocating grate structure, which strengthens disturbance to a coal bed, prolongs the burning time of coal, ensures more complete burning, reduces the influence of high-temperature radiation of a hearth on grate segments, ensures the operation safety of a boiler and can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

the embodiment of the utility model discloses a two-stage back-firing reciprocating grate structure, which comprises the following components:

a grate frame;

the forward pushing grate is arranged on the grate frame;

the reverse pushing fire grate is arranged on the fire grate frame and is lower than the forward pushing fire grate;

the ventilation system is arranged on the fire grate frame and is respectively connected with the forward pushing fire grate and the reverse pushing fire grate;

the transmission device is arranged on the fire grate frame and is respectively connected with the forward pushing fire grate and the reverse pushing fire grate;

and the driving device is connected with the transmission device.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, the forward pushing grate comprises a forward pushing grate movable Liang Heshun push grate fixed beam arranged on the grate frame; the forward pushing grate movable beam is arranged at the lower part of the forward pushing grate fixed beam.

In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that a plurality of groups of forward pushing grate moving pieces and forward pushing grate fixing pieces are respectively arranged on the forward pushing grate moving beam and the forward pushing grate fixing beam; the forward pushing grate movable plate and the forward pushing grate fixed plate are arranged at intervals; and the forward pushing fire grate movable plate and the forward pushing fire grate fixed plate are respectively provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected with the ventilation system.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, the back-pushing fire grate comprises a back-pushing fire grate movable beam and a back-pushing fire grate fixed beam which are arranged on the fire grate frame; the movable beam of the reverse pushing grate is arranged at the lower part of the fixed beam of the reverse pushing grate.

In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that a plurality of groups of reverse pushing grate movable sheets and reverse pushing grate fixed sheets are respectively arranged on the reverse pushing grate movable beam and the reverse pushing grate fixed beam; the movable plate of the reverse pushing grate and the fixed plate of the reverse pushing grate are arranged at intervals; and the reverse pushing fire grate movable plate and the reverse pushing fire grate fixed plate are both provided with air outlet holes, and the air outlet holes are connected with the ventilation system.

In any of the above aspects, preferably, the transmission device includes a first driving shaft, a first conveyor belt, a first cam, and a first link; the first conveyor belt is sleeved on the first driving shaft and the first cam respectively; the first cam is connected with the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is connected with the forward pushing grate movable beam.

In any of the above aspects, preferably, the transmission device includes a second driving shaft, a second conveyor belt, a second cam, and a second link; the second conveyor belt is sleeved on the second driving shaft and the second cam respectively; the second cam is connected with the second connecting rod, and the second connecting rod is connected with the movable beam of the reverse pushing grate.

In any of the foregoing aspects, preferably, the driving device includes a first power assembly and a second power assembly disposed on the grate frame; the output end of the first power assembly is provided with the first driving shaft so as to drive the forward pushing grate to move; the output end of the second power assembly is provided with the second driving shaft so as to drive the reverse pushing fire grate to move.

Preferably in any of the above aspects, the ventilation system comprises a drying zone plenum, a combustion zone plenum and a ember zone plenum; air inlets are formed in the outer surfaces of the drying zone air chamber, the combustion zone air chamber and the burn-out zone air chamber.

In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that a coal bucket is provided on the grate frame.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the fire grate frame is a main body of the fire grate structure, provides a supporting structure and a space for entering primary air, and is a main providing position of air quantity required by combustion; the forward pushing fire grate can enable fuel to move backwards along with the movement of the fire grate and burn, and the movement of the forward pushing fire grate can enable burning materials to be evenly distributed and promote the burning process; the unit length of the reverse pushing grate prolongs the burning time of coal particles on the grate, the arrangement height of the reverse pushing grate is lower than that of the forward pushing grate, a height difference is generated, when the coal moves to the junction, a rolling stroke exists, the bottom unburned coal ash turns to the upper layer, which is equivalent to loosening the coal bed, so that the whole coal bed is burnt more fully, the burning rate of ash slag is improved, the incomplete solid burning heat loss and the physical sensible heat loss of ash slag are reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved; the ventilation system is connected with the forward pushing grate and the reverse pushing grate, and oxygen and wind power required by combustion are supplied through the air chamber; the transmission device is connected with the forward pushing grate and the reverse pushing grate, and can adjust the movement speed of the grate according to the load requirement so as to optimize the combustion effect; the driving device transmits energy to the transmission device, so that the forward pushing fire grate and the reverse pushing fire grate can move.

By arranging the reverse pushing grate, the disturbance of the coal bed is enhanced by the stepped arrangement of the reverse pushing grate and the forward pushing grate, the movement track of unburned coal is increased, the combustion time of the coal is prolonged, the combustion is more sufficient, the influence of high-temperature radiation of a hearth on the grate segments is reduced, and the operation safety of the boiler is ensured.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a detailed view of the two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structural drive of the present utility model.

The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1. a grate frame; 2. pushing the fire grate forward; 3. pushing the fire grate reversely; 4. a ventilation system; 5. a transmission device; 6. a driving device; 12. a coal bucket; 21. pushing the movable beam of the fire grate; 22. pushing the fire grate fixing beam forward; 211. pushing the movable plate of the fire grate; 221. pushing the fire grate fixing plate forward; 31. a movable beam of the fire grate is pushed reversely; 32. a fire grate fixing beam is pushed reversely; 311. pushing the movable plate of the fire grate reversely; 321. a fire grate fixing plate is pushed reversely; 41. a drying zone plenum; 42. a combustion zone plenum; 43. a burn-out zone plenum; 44. an air inlet; 45. an air outlet hole; 51. a first drive shaft; 52. a first conveyor belt; 53. a first cam; 54. a first link; 55. a second drive shaft; 56. a second conveyor belt; 57. a second cam; 58. a second link; 61. a first power assembly; 62. and a second power assembly.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In order to better understand the above technical scheme, the following detailed description of the technical scheme of the present utility model will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure comprises:

a grate frame 1;

the forward pushing fire grate 2 is arranged on the fire grate frame 1;

the reverse pushing fire grate 3 is arranged on the fire grate frame 1 and is lower than the forward pushing fire grate 2;

the ventilation system 4 is arranged on the fire grate frame 1 and is respectively connected with the forward fire grate 2 and the reverse fire grate 3;

the transmission device 5 is arranged on the fire grate frame 1 and is respectively connected with the forward fire grate 2 and the reverse fire grate 3;

and the driving device 6 is connected with the transmission device.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the fire grate frame is a main body of the fire grate structure and provides a combustion space and a supporting structure; the forward pushing fire grate can enable fuel to move backwards along with the movement of the fire grate and burn, and the movement of the forward pushing fire grate can enable burning materials to be evenly distributed and promote the burning process; the unit length of the reverse pushing grate prolongs the burning time of coal particles on the grate, the arrangement height of the reverse pushing grate is lower than that of the forward pushing grate, a height difference is generated, when the coal moves to the junction, a rolling stroke exists, the bottom unburned coal ash turns to the upper layer, which is equivalent to loosening the coal bed, so that the burning rate of ash slag is more fully improved, the solid incomplete burning heat loss and the ash slag physical sensible heat loss are reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved; the ventilation system is connected with the forward pushing grate and the reverse pushing grate, and oxygen and wind power required by combustion are supplied through the air chamber; the transmission device is connected with the forward pushing grate and the reverse pushing grate, and the movement speed of the grate can be adjusted according to the requirement so as to optimize the combustion effect; the driving device transmits energy to the transmission device, so that the forward pushing fire grate and the reverse pushing fire grate can move.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the forward fire grate 2 comprises a forward fire grate movable beam 21 and a forward fire grate fixed beam 22 which are arranged on a fire grate frame 1; the forward pushing grate movable beam 21 is arranged at the lower part of the forward pushing grate fixed beam 22.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the forward pushing grate movable beam 21 is a key part of the forward pushing grate and can move on the grate frame 1 so that coal moves backwards along with the movement of the grate and burns; the movement of the fire grate can be regulated according to the combustion requirement, so that the combustion process is accurately controlled to adapt to different loads and combustion conditions, and the combustion efficiency and stability are improved; the movement of the forward pushing grate movable beam 21 can lead the fuel to be distributed uniformly in the grate frame, promote the combustion process and avoid the problem of overhigh temperature or nonuniform combustion caused by excessive concentrated fuel; the forward pushing fire grate fixing beam 22 is fixed on the fire grate frame 1, one end of the forward pushing fire grate moving beam 21 is connected with a connecting rod, the other end is connected with the fire grate frame 1, and the forward pushing moving beam reciprocates when the connecting rod moves.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the forward moving grate beam 21 and the forward fixed grate beam 22 are respectively provided with a plurality of groups of forward moving grate plates 211 and forward fixed grate plates 221; the forward pushing grate movable plate 211 is arranged at intervals with the forward pushing grate fixed plate 221; the forward pushing grate movable plate 211 and the forward pushing grate fixing plate 221 are respectively provided with an air outlet hole 45, and the air outlet holes 45 are connected with the ventilation system 4.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the motion of the forward-pushing grate movable beam 21 can drive the motion of the forward-pushing grate movable sheet 211 to control the supply quantity of fuel and the combustion process, so as to realize the accurate control of the combustion process; the forward fire grate movable plate 211 and the forward fire grate fixing plate 221 are arranged at intervals on the forward fire grate 2, the first row and the last row of the forward fire grate 2 are the forward fire grate fixing plate 221, and the uniform distribution and stable movement of fuel on the fire grate can be ensured through the interval arrangement between the forward fire grate movable plate 211 and the forward fire grate fixing plate 221; one end of the forward pushing fire grate segment is movably connected with a forward pushing fire grate movable Liang Heshun fire grate fixed beam, and the other end is arranged on the lower row of forward pushing fire grate segments in a lap joint mode layer by layer; the air outlet holes 45 are arranged to enable air flow to enter the combustion area through the forward pushing grate moving sheet and the forward pushing grate fixing sheet, so that enough oxygen is provided for fuel, and the improvement of combustion efficiency is promoted; the forward moving plate 211 and the forward moving plate 221 are formed as metal members, and heat can be transmitted through contact, so that the heating efficiency of the fire grate can be improved, the combustion speed of fuel can be increased, and the heat can be effectively transferred to the fire grate frame 1.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the reverse pushing grate 3 comprises a reverse pushing grate movable beam 31 and a reverse pushing grate fixed beam 32 which are arranged on the grate frame 1; the movable beam 31 of the reverse pushing grate is arranged at the lower part of the fixed beam 32 of the reverse pushing grate.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the reverse pushing grate movable beam 31 is a key part of the reverse pushing grate 3, can move on the grate frame 1, can turn the bottom unburned coal ash to the upper layer, and loosens and stirs the coal bed, so that the combustion is more sufficient, and the combustion efficiency and stability are improved; the back-pushing fire grate fixing beam 32 is fixed on the fire grate frame 1, one end of the back-pushing fire grate movable beam 31 is connected with a connecting rod, the other end is connected with the fire grate frame 1, and the back-pushing movable beam makes reciprocating motion when the connecting rod moves.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a plurality of groups of movable counter-pushing grate plates 311 and stationary counter-pushing grate plates 321 are respectively arranged on the movable counter-pushing grate beam 31 and the stationary counter-pushing grate beam 32; the movable plate 311 of the reverse pushing grate is arranged at intervals with the fixed plate 321 of the reverse pushing grate; the movable plate 311 of the reverse pushing grate and the fixed plate 321 of the reverse pushing grate are respectively provided with an air outlet hole 45, and the air outlet holes 45 are connected with the ventilation system 4.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the reverse pushing fire grate movable plate 311 adopts a structure form which is easy to break coke, and extrudes and breaks the hard slag crust through reciprocating motion; the motion of the movable beam 31 of the reverse pushing grate can drive the movable sheet 311 of the reverse pushing grate to move, and the unburned coal ash at the bottom can be turned to the upper layer at the junction of the forward pushing grate and the reverse pushing grate, so that the coal bed is combusted more fully; the movable plate 311 of the reverse pushing grate and the fixed plate 321 of the reverse pushing grate are arranged on the reverse pushing grate 3 at intervals, the first row and the last row of the reverse pushing grate 3 are the fixed plates 321 of the reverse pushing grate, and the uniform distribution and stable movement of fuel on the grate can be ensured through the interval arrangement between the movable plate 311 of the reverse pushing grate and the fixed plates 321 of the reverse pushing grate; one end of the reverse pushing fire grate piece is movably connected with the reverse pushing fire grate movable beam and the reverse pushing fire grate fixed beam, and the other end of the reverse pushing fire grate piece is arranged on the reverse pushing fire grate piece of the lower row in a lap joint mode layer by layer; the air outlet holes 45 are arranged so that air flow can enter the burning-out area through the movable plate of the reverse pushing grate and the fixed plate of the reverse pushing grate, so that flue gas containing a small amount of oxygen is provided, unburned carbon can smoldering at the place without generating open fire, the burning-out rate of ash is improved, and the heat loss of incomplete solid combustion is reduced; meanwhile, as the part of ash is not burnt vigorously, most of heat is taken away by the flue gas, so that the physical sensible heat loss of the ash is reduced; the reverse pushing grate movable plate 311 and the reverse pushing grate fixing plate 321 are used as metal components, and can be used for improving the heating efficiency of the grate, accelerating the combustion speed of fuel and effectively transmitting heat to the grate frame 1 by contacting and conducting heat.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the transmission 5 includes a first driving shaft 51, a first conveyor belt 52, a first cam 53, and a first link 54; the first conveyor belt 52 is respectively sleeved on the first driving shaft 51 and the first cam 53; the first cam 53 is connected with the first connecting rod 54, and the first connecting rod 54 is connected with the forward grate moving beam 21.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the transmission device has the function of transmitting power to the forward pushing grate movable beam to realize the movement of the forward pushing grate movable beam; when the first driving shaft 51 rotates, the first conveyor belt 52 drives the first cam 53 to rotate, power is transmitted to the first cam 53, the first cam 53 is connected with a shaft at one end of the first connecting rod 54 through a groove, the rotation of the first cam 53 drives the first connecting rod 54 to reciprocate, the other end of the first connecting rod 54 is connected with the forward pushing grate movable beam, and the power is transmitted to the forward pushing grate movable beam through the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod; the motion of the movable beam of the forward pushing grate can be realized, so that the forward pushing function of the forward pushing grate is realized, the fuel in the combustion chamber can be uniformly pushed, and the combustion efficiency is improved; the transmission device can realize stable and reliable transmission, ensures stable motion of the movable beam of the forward pushing grate, and improves the service life and reliability of equipment.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the transmission 5 includes a second driving shaft 55, a second conveyor belt 56, a second cam 57, and a second link 58; the second conveyor belt 56 is respectively sleeved on the second driving shaft 55 and the second cam 57; the second cam 57 is connected with the second connecting rod 58, and the second connecting rod 58 is connected with the back-pushing grate moving beam 31.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the transmission device is used for transmitting power to the movable beam of the reverse pushing grate to realize the movement of the movable beam 31 of the reverse pushing grate; when the second driving shaft 55 rotates, the second conveyor 56 drives the second cam 57 to rotate, power is transmitted to the second cam 57, the second cam 57 is connected with a shaft at one end of the second connecting rod 58 through a groove, the rotation of the second cam 57 drives the second connecting rod 58 to reciprocate, the other end of the second connecting rod 58 is connected with the back-pushing grate movable beam 31, and the power is transmitted to the back-pushing grate movable beam through the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod; the motion of the movable beam of the reverse pushing fire grate can be realized, so that the reverse pushing function of the reverse pushing fire grate is realized, the fuel in the combustion chamber can be uniformly pushed, and the combustion efficiency is improved; the transmission device can realize stable and reliable transmission, ensures stable motion of the movable beam of the reverse pushing grate, and improves the service life and reliability of the equipment.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the driving device 6 includes a first power assembly 61 and a second power assembly 62 provided on the grate frame 1; the output end of the first power assembly 61 is provided with the first driving shaft 51 so as to drive the forward pushing grate 2 to move; the output end of the second power assembly 62 is provided with the second driving shaft 55 to drive the reverse pushing grate 3 to move.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the driving device drives the forward pushing grate and the reverse pushing grate to move through the first power component and the second power component; the power assembly is a combination of a speed reducer and a motor in the utility model; the forward pushing fire grate and the reverse pushing fire grate can move according to the required speed and direction by the action of the driving device, so that the pushing of materials in the fire grate frame is realized; in the running process, the driving device can adjust and control the fire grate speed according to the combustion condition because the combustion rates of the coal in different stages are different, thereby realizing the accurate control of the fire grate movement and improving the combustion efficiency.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the ventilation system 4 includes a drying zone plenum 41, a combustion zone plenum 42, and a ember zone plenum 43; air inlets 44 are formed in the outer surfaces of the drying zone air chamber 41, the combustion zone air chamber 42 and the burn-out zone air chamber 43.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the ventilation system 4 is used for guiding airflow to flow, providing oxygen for the combustion of coal and reducing the temperature, reducing the influence of high-temperature radiation of a hearth on fire grate segments and ensuring the operation safety of a boiler; two air chambers are respectively arranged in the drying zone air chamber 41, the combustion zone air chamber 42 and the ashes zone air chamber 43, the air chambers are mutually independent, and the air inlets are double-side air inlets; air enters from the air inlet, coarse adjustment is carried out in front of the air inlet, fine adjustment is carried out between the air inlet and the air chamber, and the oxygen amount and the combustion effect of the outlet of the hearth are ensured to be accurately controlled; the burning zone plenum 43 provides a reverse pushing grate with flue gas containing a small amount of oxygen, unburned carbon is smoldered and does not generate open flame, the burning rate of ash is improved, and the heat loss of incomplete solid combustion is reduced; meanwhile, as the part of ash is not burnt vigorously, most of heat is taken away by the flue gas, so that the physical sensible heat loss of the ash is reduced; the reason for not using cold air is that the ash residues at the back are cooled very quickly, so that harder slag blocks are easy to form, carbon particles of unburned ashes are wrapped up, and the burning efficiency is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a coal bucket 12 is provided on the grate frame 1.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the coal hopper 12 is used for dropping coal from the coal hopper, and the coal hopper is provided with a device for controlling the thickness of a coal layer, and the quantity of fuel entering the fire grate is controlled by the ascending and descending of the coal flashboard on the coal hopper, so that the fuel is supplied more stably and controllably; the fuel supply amount can be adjusted according to the combustion requirement, so that the combustion process is accurately controlled to adapt to different loads and combustion conditions, and the combustion efficiency and stability are improved; the waste and the oversupply of the fuel are prevented, and the utilization rate of the fuel is improved.

When the fire grate starts to work, the first power component of the forward fire grate outputs power to the first cam, the first connecting rod is driven to reciprocate in a front-back displacement manner through the circular motion of the first cam, the other end of the first connecting rod is connected with the forward fire grate movable beam, the forward fire grate movable beam reciprocates in a front-back manner along with the first connecting rod, and the forward fire grate movable sheet on the forward fire grate movable beam reciprocates in a front-back reciprocating manner in the upper row of forward fire grate fixing sheets and the lower row of forward fire grate fixing sheets; the second power component of the reverse pushing fire grate outputs power to the second cam, the second connecting rod is driven to reciprocate in a forward and backward displacement mode through the circular motion of the second cam, the other end of the second connecting rod is connected with the movable beam of the reverse pushing fire grate, the reverse pushing fire grate moves Liang Suizhao, the second connecting rod reciprocates in a forward and backward mode, the movable piece of the reverse pushing fire grate on the second connecting rod reciprocates in a forward and backward mode in the upper row of fixed pieces of the reverse pushing fire grate, and the generated displacement of the movable piece of the reverse pushing fire grate is 110mm; the forward pushing fire grate fixing plate is fixed on the forward pushing fire grate fixing beam, the forward pushing fire grate moving plate is fixed on the forward pushing fire grate moving beam, and the forward pushing fire grate fixing plate and the forward pushing fire grate moving plate are arranged up and down. The displacement of the movable plate of the forward pushing grate is 130mm.

The whole movement direction of the coal bed is from front to back, and at the junction of the forward pushing grate and the reverse pushing grate, the coal moving backwards on the forward pushing grate catches up with the forward movement on the reverse pushing grate due to the output speed of the two power components and the asynchronism of the movement displacement of the grate, so that the combustion time of the coal particles on the grate is prolonged in unit length; the arrangement height of the reverse pushing fire grate is lower than that of the forward pushing fire grate, a height difference is generated, when the fire coal moves to the junction, a rolling stroke exists, and the unburned coal ash at the bottom is turned to the upper layer, which is equivalent to loosening the coal bed, so that the combustion of the coal bed is more complete.

The shapes of the forward pushing fire grate movable plate, the reverse pushing fire grate movable plate, the forward pushing fire grate fixed plate and the reverse pushing fire grate fixed plate are different; the position of the reverse pushing fire grate belongs to a burning zone, a coke slag crust formed by melting ash is wrapped by carbon which is not burnt in the interior, the movable sheet of the reverse pushing fire grate adopts a structure which is easy to break coke, the coke slag crust is extruded and broken through reciprocating motion, and meanwhile, smoke is introduced into the last air chamber of the fire grate, a small amount of oxygen is provided, the temperature of ash is reduced, the carbon which is not burnt is smoldered in the place, the burning rate of the ash is improved, the incomplete solid burning heat loss and the physical sensible heat loss of the ash are reduced, and the thermal efficiency of a boiler is improved.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that the present utility model is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A two-stage back-firing reciprocating grate structure is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:

a grate frame (1);

the forward pushing grate (2) is arranged on the grate frame (1);

the reverse pushing fire grate (3) is arranged on the fire grate frame (1) and is lower than the forward pushing fire grate (2);

the ventilation system (4) is arranged on the fire grate frame (1) and is respectively connected with the forward pushing fire grate (2) and the reverse pushing fire grate (3);

the transmission device (5) is arranged on the fire grate frame (1) and is respectively connected with the forward pushing fire grate (2) and the reverse pushing fire grate (3);

and the driving device (6) is connected with the transmission device (5).

2. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 1, wherein: the forward pushing grate (2) comprises a forward pushing grate movable beam (21) and a forward pushing grate fixed beam (22) which are arranged on the grate frame (1); the forward pushing grate movable beam (21) is arranged at the lower part of the forward pushing grate fixed beam (22).

3. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 2, wherein: a plurality of groups of forward fire grate movable sheets (211) and forward fire grate fixing sheets (221) are respectively arranged on the forward fire grate movable beam (21) and the forward fire grate fixing beam (22);

the forward pushing grate movable plate (211) and the forward pushing grate fixed plate (221) are arranged at intervals;

the forward pushing grate movable plate (211) and the forward pushing grate fixing plate (221) are respectively provided with an air outlet hole (45), and the air outlet holes (45) are connected with the ventilation system (4).

4. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 3, wherein: the reverse pushing grate (3) comprises a reverse pushing grate movable beam (31) and a reverse pushing grate fixed beam (32) which are arranged on the grate frame (1); the reverse pushing grate movable beam (31) is arranged at the lower part of the reverse pushing grate fixed beam (32).

5. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 4, wherein:

a plurality of groups of reverse pushing fire grate movable sheets (311) and reverse pushing fire grate fixing sheets (321) are respectively arranged on the reverse pushing fire grate movable beam (31) and the reverse pushing fire grate fixing beam (32);

the reverse pushing grate movable plate (311) and the reverse pushing grate fixed plate (321) are arranged at intervals;

the movable plate (311) of the reverse pushing grate and the fixed plate (321) of the reverse pushing grate are respectively provided with an air outlet hole (45), and the air outlet holes (45) are connected with the ventilation system (4).

6. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 5, wherein: the transmission device (5) comprises a first driving shaft (51), a first conveyor belt (52), a first cam (53) and a first connecting rod (54);

the first conveyor belt (52) is sleeved on the first driving shaft (51) and the first cam (53) respectively; the first cam (53) is connected with the first connecting rod (54), and the first connecting rod (54) is connected with the forward pushing grate movable beam (21).

7. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 6, wherein: the transmission device (5) comprises a second driving shaft (55), a second conveying belt (56), a second cam (57) and a second connecting rod (58);

the second conveyor belt (56) is sleeved on the second driving shaft (55) and the second cam (57) respectively; the second cam (57) is connected with the second connecting rod (58), and the second connecting rod (58) is connected with the reverse pushing grate movable beam (31).

8. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 7, wherein: the driving device (6) comprises a first power component (61) and a second power component (62) which are arranged on the fire grate frame (1);

the output end of the first power assembly (61) is provided with the first driving shaft (51) so as to drive the forward pushing grate movable beam (21) to move;

the output end of the second power assembly (62) is provided with the second driving shaft (55) so as to drive the reverse pushing grate movable beam (31) to move.

9. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 8, wherein: the ventilation system (4) comprises a drying zone air chamber (41), a combustion zone air chamber (42) and a burn-out zone air chamber (43);

air inlets (44) are formed in the outer surfaces of the drying zone air chamber (41), the combustion zone air chamber (42) and the burn-out zone air chamber (43).

10. The two-stage counter-firing reciprocating grate structure of claim 9, wherein: a coal bucket (12) is arranged on the fire grate frame (1).