CN108716679B - Grate of reverse-pushing garbage incinerator and multi-drive reverse-pushing garbage incinerator - Google Patents
Grate of reverse-pushing garbage incinerator and multi-drive reverse-pushing garbage incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108716679B CN108716679B CN201810636963.9A CN201810636963A CN108716679B CN 108716679 B CN108716679 B CN 108716679B CN 201810636963 A CN201810636963 A CN 201810636963A CN 108716679 B CN108716679 B CN 108716679B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
- F23H11/06—Travelling-grates with the bars movable relatively to one another
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
- F23H11/12—Travelling-grates inclined travelling grates; Stepped travelling grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
- F23H11/18—Details
- F23H11/20—Driving-means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
- F23H11/18—Details
- F23H11/22—Moving fuel along grate; Cleaning of grate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/02—End fittings on bars
- F23H17/04—End fittings on bars of travelling-grates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/12—Fire-bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/101—Furnace arrangements with stepped or inclined grate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/105—Furnace arrangements with endless chain or travelling grate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
- F23H2700/009—Grates specially adapted for incinerators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a grate of a reverse-push type garbage incinerator and a multi-drive reverse-push type garbage incinerator, wherein the grate comprises a grate frame which is obliquely arranged, a movable grate module, a static grate module and a grate driving device are arranged on the grate frame, the movable grate module and the static grate module are sequentially and partially overlapped and extend forwards, and long movable grate segments and short movable grate segments are sequentially and alternately arranged and are connected with a movable grate joist; the long static fire grate segments and the short static fire grate segments are sequentially and alternately arranged and connected with the static fire grate rest beams, and tail hooks are arranged at the tail parts of the fire grate segments; the head of the fire grate segment leans against the front fire grate segment, the tail of the fire grate segment is clamped on the fire grate segment rest beam, the fire grate segment is moved to drive the adjacent long and short fire grate segments to rub against each other, sundries in gaps among the fire grate segments are cut, crushed and removed, the self-cleaning function of the fire grate segments is realized, and the blocking of an air inlet of the fire grate is avoided; the design of the drive beam hook at the tail part of the fire grate segment can prevent the fire grate segment from toppling over due to blockage of garbage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a garbage incinerator, in particular to a grate of a reverse-push type garbage incinerator and a multi-drive reverse-push type garbage incinerator.
Background
The adoption of a mechanical grate garbage incinerator for treating domestic garbage is a mainstream advanced technology for realizing harmless, quantitative reduction and recycling of garbage treatment in more developed countries and regions. The mechanical grate incinerator mainly comprises a feed hopper, a chute, a feeder, a grate air chamber, an ash falling hopper, a slag falling well and a slag discharging machine, wherein the grate is a core part of the garbage incineration and is mainly divided into a preheating drying section, a combustion section and a burning section. Because domestic garbage is not classified, the garbage has complex and variable components, high moisture content and low heat value, preheating and drying are needed before incineration, and the garbage combustion condition and the hearth temperature are controlled by adjusting the grate speed.
In the fire grate structure in the prior art, because the gaps of the fire grate segments are large, garbage particles and ash residues on the fire grate easily enter the gaps of the fire grate segments to block air inlets of the fire grate, so that the air inlet volume of the fire grate is reduced, and the fire grate segments are blocked and even tilted and overturned; and also not well cleaned. In addition, because the multi-drive fire grate adopts a large-shaft two-side drive structure, each section of fire grate is driven by a forged large shaft, the length of the large shaft is close to the total width of the fire grate, the increase of the fire grate width is limited, and the required fire grate width is correspondingly increased along with the increase of the treatment scale of each set of incinerator, because the multi-drive fire grate adopts the characteristic of the two-side drive structure, the drive large shaft limits the fire grate width, and the treatment scale of the incinerator is difficult to increase to more than 500 tons.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention discloses a multi-drive reverse-push type garbage incinerator, which has the function of self-cleaning of a grate segment and avoids blockage of an air inlet of the grate by rubbing the movable grate segment and a static grate segment mutually.
In contrast, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multi-drive reverse-pushing type garbage incinerator comprises a grate frame which is obliquely arranged, wherein a movable grate module, a static grate module and a grate driving device are arranged on the grate frame, the movable grate module and the static grate module are partially overlapped in sequence and extend forwards, the movable grate module comprises a long movable grate segment, a short movable grate segment and a movable grate rest beam, and the long movable grate segment and the short movable grate segment are alternately arranged in sequence and are connected with the movable grate rest beam; the static fire grate module comprises long static fire grate pieces, short static fire grate pieces and static fire grate rest beams, the long static fire grate pieces and the short static fire grate pieces are sequentially and alternately arranged and are connected with the static fire grate rest beams, and tail parts of the long static fire grate pieces, the short static fire grate pieces, the long movable fire grate pieces and the short movable fire grate pieces are all provided with downward tail part hooks; the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are respectively lapped on the surfaces of the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment, or the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are arranged in a staggered way with the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment which are adjacent in the front and the back, and the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are pressed between the two long static fire grate segments and the short static fire grate segment which are arranged at the front lower part;
gaps are arranged between the tail hooks of the long movable grate segments and the long static grate segments and the corresponding grate rest beams, and the tail hooks of the short movable grate segments and the short static grate segments are in direct contact with the corresponding grate rest beams; the moving grate rest beam is connected with a grate driving device, and the grate driving device drives the moving grate rest beam to drive the long moving grate segment and the short moving grate segment to move on the long static grate segment and the short static grate segment which are positioned at the front lower part of the moving grate rest beam; a triangular push plate is arranged at the bottom of the movable fire grate segment and positioned in front of the tail hook, and the push plate is positioned behind the tail of the lower static fire grate segment; the long movable fire grate segment pushes the long static fire grate segment positioned at the front lower part of the long movable fire grate segment to move through a push plate at the bottom. Similarly, the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment are relatively speaking, that is, the length of the long static fire grate segment is larger than that of the short static fire grate segment.
Gaps are arranged between the tail hooks of the long movable grate segments and the long static grate segments and the corresponding grate rest beams, and no gap is arranged between the tail hooks of the short movable grate segments and the short static grate segments and the corresponding grate rest beams. Namely, a gap is arranged between the tail hook of the long moving grate segment and the corresponding moving grate placing beam, and a gap is arranged between the tail hook of the long static grate segment and the corresponding static grate placing beam; and no gap exists between the tail hook of the short movable grate segment and the corresponding movable grate rest beam, and no gap exists between the tail hook of the short static grate segment and the corresponding static grate rest beam.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: when the fire grate pieces move, the movable fire grate pieces of each row move on the static fire grate pieces, and by adopting the structure of the tail hooks of the fire grate pieces and the rest beams of the fire grate pieces designed by the invention, because gaps are arranged between the tail hooks of the long movable fire grate pieces and the corresponding rest beams of the fire grate, no gap is arranged between the tail hooks of the short movable fire grate pieces and the corresponding rest beams of the movable fire grate, and gaps are arranged between the tail hooks of the long movable fire grate pieces and the corresponding rest beams of the movable fire grate, so that twisting motion is carried out between the adjacent long movable fire grate pieces and the short movable fire grate pieces of each row when the fire grate moves, and thus, ash residues clamped in the gaps between the movable fire grate pieces can be cut, ground and fall into an air chamber below the fire grate. When the movable fire grate segment moves forwards, the push plate at the bottom of the long movable fire grate segment can push the long static fire grate segment below the movable fire grate segment to move forwards, and the short static fire grate segment cannot move due to the fact that the short static fire grate segment is not touched by the passive fire grate segment, so that rubbing is also carried out between the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment, and ash residues clamped in gaps among the static fire grate segments can be sheared, ground and fall into an air chamber below a fire grate. When the movable fire grate segment retreats, the hook at the tail part of the long movable fire grate segment has a gap with the T-shaped beam of the rest beam, and the short movable fire grate segment has no gap, so the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment can be rubbed. The movable grate segment and the static grate segment rub against each other, so that the self-cleaning function of the grate segments is achieved, and the blockage of the air inlet of the grate is avoided.
By adopting the technical scheme, the design structures of the adjusted movable grate segment and the adjusted static grate segment are adopted, and the grate driving shelf beam crushes and extrudes particles through rubbing of adjacent grate segments in the same row when driving the movable grate segment to move, so that the self-cleaning function of the grate segments is realized, and the blockage of the air inlet of the grate segments is avoided.
The tail of the fire grate segment is designed in a bent hook shape, the head of the fire grate segment leans against the front fire grate segment, the tail of the fire grate segment is clamped on the fire grate segment placing beam, a gap is reserved after the long fire grate segment placing beam is provided with the fire grate segment, and basically no gap is reserved after the short fire grate segment is provided with the placing beam. When the movable fire grate segments move, the adjacent long and short fire grate segments can be driven to rub against each other, so that sundries in gaps among the fire grate segments are cut and removed.
As a further improvement of the invention, the section of the push plate is triangular.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heads of the long movable grate segment, the long static grate segment, the short movable grate segment and the short static grate segment are respectively provided with a downward bent overlapping part, the bottom surfaces of the overlapping parts of the long movable grate segment and the short movable grate segment are in contact with the surfaces of the long static grate segment and the short static grate segment which are arranged in front of and below the long movable grate segment and the short movable grate segment, and the bottom surfaces of the overlapping parts of the long movable grate segment and the short static grate segment are in contact with the surfaces of the long movable grate segment and the short movable grate segment which are arranged in front of and below the long movable grate segment and the short movable grate segment; and sequentially overlapping.
As a further improvement of the invention, the gap is 10-30 mm; preferably, the gap is 18-20 mm; the moving grate rest beam and the static grate rest beam are in T-shaped beams.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bottoms of the long static fire grate segment, the short static fire grate segment, the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are positioned in front of the corresponding tail hook and provided with a stop block, the driving beam of the corresponding fire grate placing beam is deeply inserted between the tail hook and the stop block, and the width of the transverse opening of the tail hook is slightly larger than the width of the transverse section of the driving beam of the corresponding fire grate placing beam. Furthermore, the width of the transverse opening of the tail hook is 1-5mm larger than the width of the transverse section of the driving beam of the corresponding grate rest beam. By adopting the specially designed grate segment tail hook and grate rest beam design, the T-shaped beam of the grate rest beam can not fall off from the hook when the grate segment moves, and the grate segment can be prevented from toppling over due to blockage and blocking of garbage.
As a further improvement of the invention, the head parts of the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are provided with double protruded angles. By adopting the technical scheme, the head part of the movable grate segment is a double-angle protrusion, so that the stirring and rolling of the garbage layer are enhanced when the movable grate segment moves, the garbage at the bottom layer of the grate and the garbage at the upper part are stirred and mixed, and the full heat exchange and combustion of the garbage are facilitated.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heads of the long static fire grate sheet and the short static fire grate sheet are provided with a single protruded angle. By adopting the technical scheme, the head of the static fire grate segment is a single-angle protrusion, which is beneficial to the rolling and falling of the garbage on the static fire grate segment.
As a further improvement of the invention, the widths of the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are the same; the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment have the same width.
As a further improvement of the invention, the widths of the long movable fire grate segments and the short movable fire grate segments are larger than the widths of the long static fire grate segments and the short static fire grate segments.
As a further improvement of the invention, the widths of the long movable fire grate segments and the short movable fire grate segments are 10-30mm larger than the widths of the long static fire grate segments and the short static fire grate segments; further preferably, the widths of the long movable fire grate segments and the short movable fire grate segments are 18mm larger than the widths of the long static fire grate segments and the short static fire grate segments.
As a further improvement of the invention, the length of the long movable fire grate segment is the same as that of the long static fire grate segment, and the length of the short movable fire grate segment is the same as that of the short static fire grate segment.
As a further improvement of the invention, the driving device comprises a grate head driving device and a grate tail driving device, and the grate head driving device is positioned at the head of the grate segment of each row of the reverse-pushing type garbage incinerator; the fire grate tail driving device is positioned at the tail part of the fire grate segment of each row of the reverse-push type garbage incinerator; the dry combustion section and the burnout section of each row of grate segments are respectively provided with 1 hydraulic driving device, and the tail part of the grate is provided with a roller slag discharging device; the fire grate of the fire grate frame sequentially comprises a drying area, a combustion area and an ember area from front to back, a fire grate head driving device is connected with movable fire grate rest beams of the drying area and the combustion area, and a fire grate tail driving device is connected with movable fire grate rest beams of the ember area.
Wherein the driving device adopts a hydraulic mechanism. The grate head driving device controls the grate speeds of the preheating drying section and the combustion section, the tail driving device controls the grate speed of the burnout section, and the roller slag discharging device comprises a roller driving device at the tail of the grate and can control the slag discharging speed at the tail of the grate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the grate driving device is adjusted to the head and the tail of each row of grates from the two sides of each section of grate, the hydraulic driving devices are respectively arranged at the front and the back of each row of grates, the grate speeds of the preheating drying section, the combustion section and the burn-out section can be respectively adjusted, the driving device structure is not influenced by the grate width, the grate width can be increased or reduced according to the change of the garbage treatment scale, the grate speeds of the preheating drying section, the combustion section and the burn-out section can be respectively adjusted according to the change of the garbage heat value and the water content, the garbage is ensured to be fully combusted, the driving device structure is not influenced by the grate width, and the grate width can be increased or reduced according to the change of the garbage treatment scale. The thickness of the garbage layer on the grate is adjusted through the rotating speed of the slag discharging roller, so that the drying, burning and burnout section speeds of the incinerator can be respectively adjusted, the width of the grate can be increased to improve the garbage disposal scale, the design standardization and modularization of the garbage incinerator are realized, and the maximum disposal scale can reach 900 tons.
The invention discloses a multi-drive reverse-push garbage incinerator, which comprises a hopper, a material tank, a feeding device, a grate, a wind discharging chamber, a slag falling well, a slag discharging machine, a hydraulic drive system, a pneumatic ash discharging system, an ignition and auxiliary burner and an ACC combustion control system, wherein the hopper is arranged on the hopper; the grate adopts the grate of the reverse-push type garbage incinerator according to claim 1, the grate is positioned below the feeding platform, the slag falling well is positioned at the tail part of the grate, and the slag discharging machine is positioned below the slag falling well.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the size and the structural design of the long and short fire grate sheets are adopted, and the head part of the movable fire grate sheet with the width of the movable fire grate sheet is a double-angle protrusion, thus being beneficial to stirring and mixing the garbage; the head of the static fire grate segment is a single-angle protrusion, which is beneficial to the tumbling and falling of the garbage.
Secondly, the tail part of the fire grate segment is designed into a hook type, the tail part of the fire grate segment is designed into a bent hook type, the head part of the fire grate segment leans against the front fire grate segment, the tail part of the fire grate segment is clamped on a fire grate segment rest beam, and the fire grate segment rest beam is in a T-shaped beam shape. The fire grate piece tail part hook type design, the long fire grate piece shelf beam has a clearance after being provided with the fire grate piece, and the short fire grate piece has no clearance basically after being provided with the shelf beam. When the movable fire grate segments move, the adjacent long and short fire grate segments can be driven to rub against each other so as to cut and remove sundries in gaps among the fire grate segments, thereby achieving the self-cleaning function of the fire grate segments and avoiding the blockage of an air inlet of a fire grate. In addition, the design of the drive beam hook at the tail part of the fire grate segment can prevent the fire grate segment from toppling due to blockage and clamping of garbage; and the opening of the hook is slightly larger than the width of the section of the driving beam, so that the hook can not be separated from the driving beam hook at the tail part of the fire grate segment when the driving beam moves, and the fire grate segment can be effectively prevented from overturning due to unhooking of the tail part.
Thirdly, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the driving structure adopted by the fire grate adopts a head driving mode and a tail driving mode, wherein the head driving device is mainly used for driving the fire grate in the preheating drying section and the combustion section, the tail driving device is mainly used for driving the fire grate at the partial combustion and burnout end, and the tail slag discharging of the fire grate adopts a roller mode. By adopting a multi-drive mode of sectional drive, the grate speeds of the drying section, the combustion section and the burnout section can be respectively adjusted according to the moisture content and the heat value of the garbage, so that the garbage can be fully and cleanly combusted, the row number and the width of the grates can be adjusted according to the change of the treatment scale, the standardization and the modular design of the garbage incinerator are realized, and the maximum treatment scale can reach 900 tons.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a grate of a reverse-pushing type garbage incinerator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partially enlarged portion of a portion a of fig. 1 rotating a grate frame to a horizontal angle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a grate of a reverse-pushing type garbage incinerator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a moving grate module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a static grate module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a multi-driving reverse-pushing type garbage incinerator according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The reference numerals include: 1-grate frame, 2-moving grate module, 3-static grate module, 4-grate driving device, 5-tail hook, 6-push plate, 7-stop block, 8-double angle, 9-single angle, 11-hopper, 12-material groove, 13-feeding device, 14-grate, 15-air discharging chamber, 16-slag well and 17-slag extractor; 21-long moving grate segment, 22-short moving grate segment, 23-moving grate rest beam, 31-long static grate segment, 32-short static grate segment, 33-static grate rest beam, 41-grate head driving device and 42-grate tail driving device.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator comprises a grate frame 1 which is obliquely arranged, wherein a moving grate module 2, a static grate module 3 and a grate driving device 4 are arranged on the grate frame 1, the moving grate module 2 and the static grate module 3 are partially overlapped and extend forwards in sequence, the moving grate module 2 comprises a long moving grate segment 21, a short moving grate segment 22 and a moving grate rest beam 23, and the long moving grate segment 21 and the short moving grate segment 22 are alternately arranged in sequence and are connected with the moving grate rest beam 23; the static fire grate module 3 comprises long static fire grate pieces 31, short static fire grate pieces 32 and static fire grate rest beams 33, the long static fire grate pieces 31 and the short static fire grate pieces 32 are sequentially and alternately arranged and are connected with the static fire grate rest beams 33, and tail hooks 5 facing downwards are arranged at the tails of the long static fire grate pieces 31, the short static fire grate pieces 32, the long movable fire grate pieces 21 and the short movable fire grate pieces 22; the heads of the long movable fire grate segment 21 and the short movable fire grate segment 22 are respectively lapped on the surfaces of the long static fire grate segment 31 and the short static fire grate segment 32.
Gaps are arranged between the tail hooks 5 of the long moving grate segments 21 and the corresponding moving grate rest beams 23, and gaps are arranged between the tail hooks 5 of the long static grate segments 31 and the corresponding static grate rest beams 33. No gap is reserved between the tail hook 5 of the short moving grate segment 22 and the corresponding moving grate rest beam 23; the tail hook 5 of the short static fire grate segment 32 is not in clearance with the corresponding static fire grate rest beam 33, namely, the short static fire grate segment is in direct contact with the static fire grate rest beam. The moving grate rest beam 23 is connected with the grate driving device 4, and the grate driving device 4 drives the moving grate rest beam 23 to drive the long moving grate segment 21 and the short moving grate segment 22 to move on the long static grate segment 31 and the short static grate segment 32 respectively; a push plate 6 is arranged at the bottom of the movable grate 14 in front of the tail hook 5, and the push plate 6 is positioned behind the tail of the lower static grate 14; the long movable fire grate segment 21 pushes the long static fire grate segment 31 below the long movable fire grate segment to move through the push plate 6 at the bottom. The gap is 20 mm; the moving grate rest beams 23 and the static grate rest beams 33 are in T-shaped beams.
The bottom parts of the long static fire grate segment 31, the short static fire grate segment 32, the long movable fire grate segment 21 and the short movable fire grate segment 22 are provided with a stop dog 7 in front of the corresponding tail hook 5, and the driving beam of the rest beam of the corresponding fire grate 14 extends into the space between the tail hook 5 and the stop dog 7.
The head parts of the long movable grate segment 21, the long static grate segment 31, the short movable grate segment 22 and the short static grate segment 32 are respectively provided with a downward bent overlapping part, the bottom surfaces of the overlapping parts of the long movable grate segment 21 and the short movable grate segment 22 are in contact with the surfaces of the long static grate segment 31 and the short static grate segment 32 which are arranged at the front lower part of the long movable grate segment 21 and the short movable grate segment 22, and the bottom surfaces of the overlapping parts of the long movable grate segment 31 and the short static grate segment 32 are in contact with the surfaces of the long movable grate segment 21 and the short movable grate segment 22 which are arranged at the front lower part of the long movable grate segment 31 and the short movable grate segment 32; and sequentially overlapping. Wherein the downwardly bent overlapping parts also serve to push the garbage to move forward.
The long movable fire grate segment 21 and the short movable fire grate segment 22 have the same width; the long static fire grate segment 31 and the short static fire grate segment 32 have the same width. The widths of the long movable fire grate segments 21 and the short movable fire grate segments 22 are larger than the widths of the long static fire grate segments 31 and the short static fire grate segments 32. The widths of the long movable fire grate segments 21 and the short movable fire grate segments 22 are 18mm larger than the widths of the long static fire grate segments 31 and the short static fire grate segments 32. The length of the long movable fire grate segment 21 is the same as that of the long static fire grate segment 31, and the length of the short movable fire grate segment 22 is the same as that of the short static fire grate segment 32.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, when the fire grate pieces move, the movable fire grate pieces of each row move on the static fire grate pieces, and due to the specially designed tail hook and fire grate piece joist structure of the fire grate pieces, 20mm twisting motion exists between the long movable fire grate pieces 21 and the short movable fire grate pieces 22 adjacent to each row when the fire grate moves, so that ash residues clamped in gaps between the movable fire grate pieces can be cut, ground and fall into an air chamber below the fire grate. The specific working principle is as follows:
when the movable grate segment moves forwards to approach the top end of the stroke, the push plate 6 at the bottom of the long movable grate segment 21 pushes the long static grate segment 31 below, the long static grate segment 31 has a gap of 20mm with the static grate rest beam 33, so the long static grate segment 331 moves forwards by 15mm, the short static grate segment 32 cannot move because the short static grate segment is not touched by the passive grate segment, and the short static grate segment 32 has no gap with the static grate rest beam 33, so the short static grate segment 32 cannot move, and thus when the movable grate segment moves forwards to the top end, 20mm twisting motion is carried out between the adjacent long static grate segment 31 and the short static grate segment 32, and ash residues clamped in the gap between the static grate segments can be sheared, ground and fall into an air chamber below the grate. When the movable fire grate segment retreats and approaches the tail end of the stroke, because the tail hook 5 of the long movable fire grate segment 21 has a gap of 20mm with the T beam of the movable fire grate rest beam 23, and the short movable fire grate segment 22 has no gap, the tail hook 5 of the short movable fire grate segment 22 has no gap with the T beam of the movable fire grate rest beam 23, and the short movable fire grate segment 22 can not move, so that the long movable fire grate segment 21 and the short movable fire grate segment 22 can twist by about 15 mm. The movable grate segment and the static grate segment rub against each other, so that the self-cleaning function of the grate segments is achieved, and the blockage of the air inlet of the grate is avoided.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this example, the width of the transverse opening of the tail hook 5 is slightly larger than the width of the transverse section of the driving beam of the grate 14 rest beam, and because the tail hook 5 of the grate segment is designed to have a smaller opening, when the movable grate rest beam 23 drives the grate segment to move back and forth, the movable grate rest beam 23 and the static grate rest beam 33 will not be separated from the tail hook 5 of the grate, so that the grate segment can be effectively prevented from overturning due to tail unhooking, and the grate segment can be prevented from overturning due to garbage blocking during movement.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the protruding double-angle portions 8 are arranged at the head portions of the long movable fire grate segment 21 and the short movable fire grate segment 22, so that the stirring and rolling of the garbage layer are enhanced when the movable fire grate segments move, the garbage at the bottom layer of the fire grate and the garbage at the upper part are stirred and mixed, and the full heat exchange and combustion of the garbage are facilitated. The heads of the long static fire grate sheet 31 and the short static fire grate sheet 32 are provided with the protruded single angle 9, which is beneficial to the tumbling and falling of the garbage on the static fire grate sheets. Here, the double-corner 8 protrusion means a corner having two protrusions, and the single corner 9 is a corner having one protrusion, wherein the corner may have a trapezoidal structure.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the driving device includes a grate head driving device 41 and a grate tail driving device 42, the grate head driving device 41 is located at the head of the grate segment of each row of the reverse-pushing garbage incinerator; the grate tail driving device 42 is positioned at the tail part of the grate sheet of each row of the reverse-pushing type garbage incinerator; the dry combustion section and the burnout section of each row of fire grate segments are respectively provided with 1 hydraulic driving device, and the tail part of the fire grate is provided with a roller slag discharging device.
The fire grate of the fire grate frame 1 sequentially comprises a drying area, a combustion area and an ember area from front to back, a fire grate head driving device 41 is connected with movable fire grate rest beams 23 of the drying area and the combustion area, and a fire grate tail driving device 42 is connected with the movable fire grate rest beams 23 of the ember area.
By adopting the technical scheme, the driving structure adopted by the fire grate adopts a head driving mode and a tail driving mode, wherein the fire grate head driving device 41 is mainly used for driving the fire grate in a preheating drying section and a combustion section, the fire grate tail driving device 42 is mainly used for driving the fire grate in a partial combustion and burning end, and the fire grate tail slag tapping adopts a roller mode. By adopting a multi-drive mode of sectional drive, the grate speeds of the drying section, the combustion section and the burnout section can be respectively adjusted according to the moisture content and the heat value of the garbage, so that the garbage can be fully and cleanly combusted, the row number and the width of the grates can be adjusted according to the change of the treatment scale, the standardization and the modular design of the garbage incinerator are realized, and the maximum treatment scale can reach 900 tons.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, the multi-driving reverse-pushing garbage incinerator comprises a hopper 11, a material tank 12, a feeding device 13, a fire grate 14, a lower air chamber 15, a slag falling well 16, a slag discharging machine 17, a hydraulic driving system, a pneumatic ash discharging system, an ignition and auxiliary burner, an ACC combustion control system and other components; the grate 14 of the reverse-push garbage incinerator is adopted as the grate 14 according to claim 1, the grate 14 is positioned below the feeding platform, the slag falling well 16 is positioned at the tail part of the grate 14, and the slag discharging machine 17 is positioned below the slag falling well 16.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the grate driving device is adjusted to the head and the tail of each row of grates from two sides of each section of grate by adjusting the grate driving mode and structure, the hydraulic driving device is respectively arranged in front of and behind each row of grates, the grate speeds of the preheating, drying, burning and burning sections can be respectively adjusted, the structure of the driving device is not influenced by the width of the grates, the width of the grates can be increased or reduced according to the change of the garbage treatment scale, the thickness of a garbage layer on the grates is adjusted by the rotating speed of the slag discharging roller, so that the speeds of the drying, burning and burning sections of the incinerator can be respectively adjusted, the width of the grates can be increased to improve the garbage treatment scale, the design standardization and modularization of the garbage incinerator are realized, and the maximum treatment scale can reach 900 tons; secondly, the design structure of the adjusted movable grate segment and the adjusted static grate segment ensures that the grate driving rest beam crushes and extrudes particles through rubbing of adjacent grate segments in the same row when driving the movable grate segment to move, thereby realizing the self-cleaning function of the grate segments and avoiding the blockage of the air inlet of the grate; in addition, through the specially designed design of the hook at the tail part of the fire grate segment and the fire grate placing beam, the fire grate segment can be prevented from toppling over due to blockage and blockage of garbage.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fire grate of a reverse-push type garbage incinerator is characterized in that: the movable grate comprises a movable grate module, a static grate module and a grate driving device, wherein the movable grate module and the static grate module are arranged on the grate frame in an inclined manner, are partially overlapped and extend forwards in sequence, the movable grate module comprises a long movable grate segment, a short movable grate segment and a movable grate rest beam, and the long movable grate segment and the short movable grate segment are alternately arranged in sequence and are connected with the movable grate rest beam; the static fire grate module comprises long static fire grate pieces, short static fire grate pieces and static fire grate rest beams, the long static fire grate pieces and the short static fire grate pieces are sequentially and alternately arranged and are connected with the static fire grate rest beams, and tail parts of the long static fire grate pieces, the short static fire grate pieces, the long movable fire grate pieces and the short movable fire grate pieces are all provided with downward tail part hooks; the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are respectively lapped on the surfaces of the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment, or the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are arranged in a staggered way with the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment which are adjacent in the front and the back, and the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are pressed between the two long static fire grate segments and the short static fire grate segment which are arranged at the front lower part;
gaps are arranged between the tail hooks of the long movable grate segments and the long static grate segments and the corresponding grate rest beams, and the tail hooks of the short movable grate segments and the short static grate segments are in direct contact with the corresponding grate rest beams; the moving grate rest beam is connected with a grate driving device, and the grate driving device drives the moving grate rest beam to drive the long moving grate segment and the short moving grate segment to move on the long static grate segment and the short static grate segment which are positioned at the front lower part of the moving grate rest beam; a push plate is arranged at the bottom of the movable fire grate segment and positioned in front of the tail hook, and the push plate is positioned behind the tail of the lower static fire grate segment; the long movable fire grate segment pushes the long static fire grate segment positioned at the front lower part of the long movable fire grate segment to move through a push plate at the bottom.
2. The grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the long static fire grate segment, the bottom of the short static fire grate segment, the bottom of the long movable fire grate segment and the bottom of the short movable fire grate segment are positioned in front of the corresponding tail hook, the driving beam of the corresponding fire grate placing beam is deeply arranged between the tail hook and the stopper, and the width of the transverse opening of the tail hook is larger than the width of the transverse section of the driving beam of the corresponding fire grate placing beam.
3. The grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the head parts of the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment are provided with protruding double angles; the heads of the long static fire grate sheet and the short static fire grate sheet are provided with protruded single angles; the cross section of the push plate is triangular.
4. The grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the long movable fire grate segment and the short movable fire grate segment have the same width; the long static fire grate segment and the short static fire grate segment have the same width.
5. The grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to claim 4, wherein: the widths of the long movable fire grate segments and the short movable fire grate segments are larger than the widths of the long static fire grate segments and the short static fire grate segments.
6. The grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to claim 5, wherein: the widths of the long movable grate segments and the short movable grate segments are 10-30mm larger than those of the long static grate segments and the short static grate segments.
7. The grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to claim 5, wherein: the length of the long movable fire grate segment is the same as that of the long static fire grate segment, and the length of the short movable fire grate segment is the same as that of the short static fire grate segment.
8. The grate of a reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the gap is 10-30 mm; the moving grate rest beam and the static grate rest beam are in T-shaped beams.
9. The grate of the reverse-pushing garbage incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the driving device comprises a fire grate head driving device and a fire grate tail driving device, and the fire grate head driving device is positioned at the head of a fire grate sheet of each row of the reverse-pushing type garbage incinerator; the fire grate tail driving device is positioned at the tail part of the fire grate segment of each row of the reverse-push type garbage incinerator; the dry combustion section and the burnout section of each row of grate segments are respectively provided with 1 hydraulic driving device, and the tail part of the grate is provided with a roller slag discharging device; the fire grate of the fire grate frame sequentially comprises a drying area, a combustion area and an ember area from front to back, a fire grate head driving device is connected with movable fire grate rest beams of the drying area and the combustion area, and a fire grate tail driving device is connected with movable fire grate rest beams of the ember area.
10. The utility model provides a contrary pushing-type waste incinerator of multi-drive which characterized in that: the device comprises a hopper, a material groove, a feeding device, a grate, an air discharging chamber, a slag well, a slag discharging machine, a hydraulic driving system, a pneumatic ash discharging system, an ignition and auxiliary burner and an ACC combustion control system; the grate of the reverse-pushing garbage incinerator is adopted as the grate, the grate is located below the feeding platform, the slag falling well is located at the tail of the grate, and the slag discharging machine is located below the slag falling well.
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| CN201810636963.9A CN108716679B (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2018-06-20 | Grate of reverse-pushing garbage incinerator and multi-drive reverse-pushing garbage incinerator |
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| CN109404944A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-01 | 北京米能科技有限公司 | A kind of composite grate and its gasified combustion apparatus of application |
| CN110925766B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2024-03-22 | 重庆科技学院 | Multi-edge composite fixed fire grate segment |
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| CN108716679A (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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