CN101476732B - Oscillating type pushing mechanical grate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rocking type direct pushing mechanical grate, which consists of three sections of grates having falling head with each other, including a drying grate, a combustion grate and a post-combustion grate, wherein each section of the grate is arranged into a downward sloping stepped type movable grate arrangement and a fixed grate arrangement through fire grate segments which are in a mutually-staggered form, and a movable support frame under each movable grate arrangement is fixedly connected with a hydraulic piston; and the combustion grate is provided with a cutting blender consisting of a plurality of sector cutting blades which are evenly arranged on a link mechanism and a driven shaft, and the tail of the combustion grate is provided with a turning type full combustion device consisting of an oil pressure piston, a driving shaft, a driving rod, the driven shaft, and a turning mechanism on the driven shaft. The rocking type direct pushing mechanical grate solves the problem that in the prior art rubbishes cannot be burnt completely, improves the combustion efficiency of the rubbishes in an incinerator, and has the advantages of adaptability to complex components of municipal wastes in China, simple structure, convenient maintenance and few malfunctions.

Description

Oscillating type pushing mechanical grate

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of garbage incinerator grates, be specifically related to oscillating type pushing mechanical grate.

Two, background technology

The main mode of urban garbage disposal has landfill, biological compost and burning.China's incineration treatment of garbage is just at the early-stage.In Europe 10～15 years from now on directly landfill will be under an embargo in principle.The report of Chinese environmental industry is pointed out, the general trend of garbage disposal development is: the regeneration on the categorised collection basis more and more comes into one's own, ratio progressively improves, the standard of garbage loading embeading will be more and more higher, the ratio of landfill progressively descends, waste incineration is with stable development, and the ratio of waste gas of incineration generating rises to some extent.

In the consumer waste incineration system, burning fire grate is a most critical equipment.Can the technique influence rubbish that burn fire grate completing combustion, does not fire organic components content height the ashes of discharging and from the heat recovery efficiency of rubbish in body of heater.In order to allow the rubbish in the incinerator can be fully and completing combustion, reduce the hot igloss amount of ashes simultaneously, require as far as possible rubbish can fully be contacted with combustion air, reach the purpose of completing combustion, the while does not increase the body of heater volume again as far as possible.Present waste incineration fire grate is based on horizontal inverse-push, there are not Mechanical Crushing and agitating equipment on the fire grate, often cause the rubbish can not completing combustion, do not fire organic components content height the ashes of in body of heater, discharging, reduction is from the heat recovery efficiency of rubbish, and sanitary landfills, contaminated environment have been influenced.

Three, summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of at the primary domestic waste complicated component of China, and can improve the oscillating type pushing mechanical grate of the efficiency of combustion of rubbish in incinerator.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, oscillating type pushing mechanical grate of the present invention is by being made up of three sections fire grates of dry fire grate, combustion grate, after-combustion fire grate of drop each other, every section fire grate constitutes movable fire grate row of downward-sloping step and stationary furnace arrangement by the interlaced arrangement of fire grate segment, an all fixedly connected hydraulic piston on the movable bracing frame under each movable fire grate row; The cutting mixer is installed on the described combustion grate, described cutting mixer comprises first driving shaft, one end of this first driving shaft is fixedlyed connected with power set, the other end of first driving shaft flexibly connects with the linkage that is made of first drive rod and first follower lever, the other end of first follower lever is fixedlyed connected with first driven shaft, and some fan-shaped cutting blades evenly are installed on described first driven shaft; The afterbody of described after-combustion fire grate is installed the flipover smoke consumer, this flipover smoke consumer comprises hydraulic piston, second driving shaft of described hydraulic piston front end is connected with an end of second drive rod, the other end of second drive rod is fixedlyed connected with second driven shaft, the also fixedly connected turning mechanism of described second driven shaft, the left side of this turning mechanism is that an acclivitous trapezium structure, right side are sector structure, and the turning mechanism bottom is provided with the air-distribution hole.

Because technique scheme has adopted three sections fire grates, every section fire grate is arranged by movable fire grate row and stationary furnace again and is formed, movable fire grate is listed as by hydraulic piston and back and forth promotes to move and rubbish is walked forward thereon, and the cutting mixer is installed on the burning zone fire grate, after-combustion fire grate afterbody is installed the flipover smoke consumer, on dry fire grate, in the time of with drying garbage, constantly promote the quantitative motion forwards of rubbish with alone reciprocating drive unit, play automatic ration feed and conveying effect, on combustion grate, when the rubbish on the fire grate was pulled to the top of fan-shaped cutting blade, the rubbish of bulk was broken, rubbish is by lifting up and down repeatedly, and, further promote burning because fan-shaped cutting blade to pusher and effect up and down, is stirred rubbish; Rubbish on after-combustion section fire grate is pulled to flipover smoke consumer in the stove, rubbish is fallen pipe by ash put in the ash cooling tank.Therefore, the present invention has can adapt to China's municipal refuse complicated component, nothing sorts, the moisture height; Simple in structure, durability, easy to maintenance, fault is few; According to the shearing force effect that fluctuates and seesaw rubbish is carried out fragmentation and loose; Utilize self-cleaning effect can prevent obstruction to air void; The drop that utilizes fire grate is with block refuse breaking; Can realize the burning of rubbish thick-layer, good characteristics such as flare diffusion are arranged.Oscillating type pushing mechanical grate of the present invention and its body of heater organically combine, can with from the low rubbish of calorific value (water content many garbage etc.) to the high rubbish of calorific value (paper, plastics etc.) etc. various rubbish carry out completing combustion, and can reduce hot igloss amount below 3%.

Four, description of drawings

The structural representation of the present invention that Fig. 1 is;

Fig. 2 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of fire grate in the embodiment shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the perspective view of combustion grate in the embodiment shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of cutting mixer in the embodiment shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of flipover smoke consumer in the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

Five, the specific embodiment

As seen from Figure 1, oscillating type pushing mechanical grate of the present invention is made up of dry fire grate 1, combustion grate 2,3 three sections fire grates of after-combustion fire grate, is provided with drop between every section fire grate.End at dry fire grate 1, combustion grate 2 and after-combustion fire grate 3 is provided with bigger drop, the rubbish that its objective is burning is when the epimere fire grate drops down onto the hypomere fire grate, because the percussion of falling, the rubbish of bulk is broken and makes air easily in the rubbish contact, and flare can be spread in rubbish integral body rapidly.Dry fire grate 1 has ash dropping hopper 4, and combustion grate 2 has ash dropping hopper 5, and after-combustion fire grate 3 has ash dropping hopper 6.

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, every section fire grate constitutes movable fire grate row of downward-sloping step and stationary furnace arrangement by the interlaced arrangement of fire grate segment.The angle of inclination of each fire grate segment and horizontal plane generally become 13 ° of angles approximately, and fire grate segment is to be made by the cast steel material of high temperature resistant, wear-resisting and corrosion resistance, increasing the service life, and exchange easily, remove and install during maintenance conveniently.The direction of advancing with rubbish serves as vertical, it is interlaced by vertical arrangement that the movable bracing frame 7 of fire grate and fixing support rack are, fire grate segment also be on movable bracing frame 7 and the fixing support rack staged overlapping by the bracing frame that vertically is installed in fire grate on, and fire grate segment is installed in respectively on movable bracing frame 7 and the fixing support rack, form staggered movable fire grate row 8 and stationary furnace and arranged 9, but be mounted in the fire grate segment on the movable bracing frame, be not that each sheet can move along with movable bracing frame, the fire grate on movable bracing frame also is movable and fixing being staggered front to back; An all fixedly connected hydraulic piston 10,11,12 below each movable bracing frame.Hydraulic piston promotes movable bracing frame forward and makes movable fire grate row on the movable bracing frame promote rubbish forwards to move along the order of dry fire grate, combustion grate and after-combustion fire grate; And hydraulic piston drives movable bracing frame when retreating, though movable fire grate retreats, but rubbish is stopped by the fixed grate before and after the movable fire grate row and the fixed grate of both sides, it is as you were that rubbish is rested on, when hydraulic piston drove movable bracing frame and moves back and forth like this, the rubbish on the fire grate was also carrying out the motion repeatedly advancing, stop.

Referring to Fig. 4, the cutting mixer is installed on the combustion grate 2, and this cutting mixer comprises first driving shaft 13, and an end of this first driving shaft 13 is fixedlyed connected with power set, power set can be motor-driven pinion and rack 14, also can adopt hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means.The other end of first driving shaft 13 flexibly connects with the linkage that is made of first drive rod 15 and first follower lever 16, the other end of first follower lever 16 is fixedlyed connected with first driven shaft 17, some fan-shaped cutting blades 18 evenly are installed on first driven shaft 17, and fan-shaped cutting blade 18 is for the cast steel material making of wear-resisting and corrosion resistance, to increase the service life.Power set carry out repeatedly clockwise and are rotated counterclockwise, when turning clockwise, first driving shaft 13 is along with turning clockwise, thereby promoting first drive rod 15 forwards moves, first follower lever 16 is forwards advanced by first drive rod 15 equally, first follower lever 16 drives first driven shaft 17 again and is rotated counterclockwise, make fan-shaped cutting blade 18 be 60 ° of angle back upper place rotations, therefore rubbish on the fire grate be picked up and rearward stirred, and improved the permeability and the shatter value of rubbish on the fire grate; When being rotated counterclockwise, first driving shaft 13 is along with being rotated counterclockwise, thereby spurring first drive rod 16 rearward moves, first follower lever 16 is rearward retracted by first drive rod 15 equally, first follower lever 16 drives first driven shaft 17 again and is rotated counterclockwise, make fan-shaped cutting blade 18 be the rotation of 60 ° of angle front lower places, therefore the rubbish on the fire grate be cut into littler bulk, makes that rubbish on the fire grate is easier to obtain completing combustion.

Referring to Fig. 5, the afterbody of after-combustion section fire grate 3 is installed the flipover smoke consumer, it comprises hydraulic piston 19 this flipover smoke consumer, second driving shaft 20 of described hydraulic piston 19 front ends is connected with an end of second drive rod 21, the other end of second drive rod 21 is fixedlyed connected with second driven shaft 22, the also fixedly connected turning mechanism 23 of described second driven shaft 22, the left side of this turning mechanism 23 is that an acclivitous trapezium structure, right side are sector structure, and turning mechanism 23 bottoms are provided with the air-distribution hole.

The following describes the operation principle of oscillating type pushing mechanical grate of the present invention.When rubbish is slipped on the dry fire grate 1 from rubbish hopper 24, because dry fire grate moves back and forth with the movable fire grate of hydraulic piston 10 actions, rubbish on the fire grate is carrying out the motion repeatedly of advancing and stopping on one side, on one side the high temperature air that blown up by the ash dropping hopper 4 under dry fire grate 1 carry out drying; Rubbish dry then and that take fire is pulled to combustion grate 2, because combustion grate 2 usefulness hydraulic pistons 11 actions, before and after being subjected to, rubbish on this fire grate reaches synthetic shearing action up and down, cutting and stirring action at the cutting mixer is broken with loose rubbish integral body simultaneously, aeration is enhanced, air being more evenly distributed rubbish that ash dropping hopper 5 under combustion grate 2 blows up kept the smooth combustion in the combustion furnace; Motion along with combustion grate, the rubbish that is burning further drops on after-combustion fire grate 3 by drop section heap, the air that ash dropping hopper 6 under after-combustion fire grate 3 blows up further burns rubbish, the rubbish after the burning be pushed to the flipover smoke consumer above.When rubbish was piled up on turning mechanism 23, high temperature air entered in the rubbish by the air-distribution hole of turning mechanism 23 bottoms, further promotes rubbish completing combustion.After the fixed carbon element in the rubbish is master's the basic completing combustion of not combustion residue, hydraulic piston 19 promotes second driving shaft 20 and forwards advances, thereby promoting second drive rod, 21 drives, second driven shaft 22 is rotated counterclockwise, make turning mechanism 23 angle back lower places rotations, the rubbish on the turning mechanism 23 is therefore each quantitative passes through ash and falls pipe 25 and be discharged to ash cooling tank; Hydraulic piston 19 rearward spurs second driving shaft 20 then, turns clockwise thereby promote second drive rod, 21 drives, second driven shaft 22, makes the rotation of turning mechanism 23 angle front upper places, returns to original position.

The present invention also has self-cleaning effect, only leaves small gap between stationary furnace arrangement 8 and the movable fire grate row 9, as the blow vent of combustion air.Because the reciprocating motion of movable fire grate row makes native sand, lime-ash etc. are constantly pushed to the front lower place, have prevented the obstruction of pore.Impurity between movable fire grate row and stationary furnace are arranged is also owing to the reciprocating motion of movable fire grate row is eliminated, because oneself's cleaning effect combustion air of fire grate is evenly distributed, and make refuse breaking loose because of shearing, improved the Contact Effect of air and rubbish, reduced short circuit phenomenon, stablized the burning in the body of heater, made flare can be diffused into the inside of rubbish rapidly, made thicker rubbish can realize burning.

Claims (1)

1. oscillating type pushing mechanical grate, it is characterized in that: it is made up of the dry fire grate (1) that drop is arranged each other, combustion grate (2), (3) three sections fire grates of after-combustion fire grate, every section fire grate constitutes movable fire grate row of downward-sloping step (8) and stationary furnace arrangement (9) by the interlaced arrangement of fire grate segment, an all fixedly connected hydraulic piston (10,11,12) on the movable bracing frame (7) under each movable fire grate row (8); Described combustion grate (2) is gone up the cutting mixer is installed, described cutting mixer comprises first driving shaft (13), one end of this first driving shaft (13) is fixedlyed connected with power set, the other end of first driving shaft (13) flexibly connects with the linkage that is made of first drive rod (15) and first follower lever (16), the other end of first follower lever (16) is fixedlyed connected with first driven shaft (17), and first driven shaft (17) is gone up some fan-shaped cutting blades (18) evenly are installed; The afterbody of described after-combustion fire grate is installed the flipover smoke consumer, this flipover smoke consumer comprises hydraulic piston (19), second driving shaft (20) of described hydraulic piston (19) front end is connected with an end of second drive rod (21), the other end of second drive rod (21) is fixedlyed connected with second driven shaft (22), the also fixedly connected turning mechanism of described second driven shaft (22) (23), the left side of this turning mechanism (23) is that an acclivitous trapezium structure, right side are sector structure, and turning mechanism (23) bottom is provided with the air-distribution hole.

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