CN105114956B - Garbage high temperature gasification power generation system - Google Patents

Garbage high temperature gasification power generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105114956B
CN105114956B CN201510590176.1A CN201510590176A CN105114956B CN 105114956 B CN105114956 B CN 105114956B CN 201510590176 A CN201510590176 A CN 201510590176A CN 105114956 B CN105114956 B CN 105114956B
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China
Prior art keywords
garbage
temperature gasification
boiler
temperature
cavity
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CN105114956A (en
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刘国田
张大鹏
范北平
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Liu Zhenliang
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WEIFANG JINSIDA NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种垃圾高温气化发电系统，包括垃圾收集料仓、垃圾粉碎机、垃圾干燥机、干燥垃圾料仓、高温气化喷烧锅炉、汽轮发电机组；本发明在高温气化喷烧锅炉内建立一个高效的高温气化燃烧环境，通过向物料表面强制送风，使物料的表面富氧燃烧，形成一个高温燃烧面层，产生大量的热量并被被吹向物料的内层，使气化燃烧更为剧烈、迅速，燃烧的最高点温度可达1100℃‑1300℃，气化后的所有大分子官能团、所有有害气体例如二噁英被多次加热、气化、分解并参入燃烧；大大提高了物料的热能利用效率，是对锅炉燃烧加热原理的突破性改进，为垃圾的完全资源化利用提供了充分的保证，而且排放环保，具有极大的经济效益和社会效益。

The invention discloses a garbage high-temperature gasification power generation system, which includes a garbage collection bin, a garbage pulverizer, a garbage dryer, a dry garbage bin, a high-temperature gasification spray-burning boiler, and a steam turbine generator set; A high-efficiency high-temperature gasification combustion environment is established in the spray-fired boiler. By forced air supply to the surface of the material, the surface of the material is burnt with oxygen, forming a high-temperature combustion surface layer, which generates a large amount of heat and is blown to the inner layer of the material. , so that the gasification combustion is more intense and rapid, and the highest point temperature of combustion can reach 1100-1300°C. After gasification, all macromolecular functional groups and all harmful gases such as dioxins are heated, gasified, decomposed and decomposed for many times. Participating in combustion; greatly improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency of materials, it is a breakthrough improvement on the principle of boiler combustion heating, which provides a sufficient guarantee for the complete resource utilization of waste, and the emission is environmentally friendly, which has great economic and social benefits.

Description

High temperature garbage gasification power generation system
Technical field
Technical field, more particularly to a kind of hair that rubbish is converted to electric energy are utilized the present invention relates to a kind of garbage as resource Electric system.
Background technology
Rubbish turns into the burden of the earth as the product of mankind's activity, also as the serious barrier for hindering human social development Hinder.Whole world rubbish average annual growth is 8.42%, and Chinese rubbish growth rate reaches more than 10%.The whole world is produced every year 4.9 hundred million tons of rubbish, only China just produce nearly 1.5 hundred million tons of municipal refuses every year, and Municipal Solid Waste in China accumulation volume of cargo in storage has reached 7000000000 tons.
Traditional waste disposal method mainly includes landfill method, Unareobic fermentation and burning method.
Landfill method is to use most waste disposal methods, and its principle is that landfill is to necessarily in selected place by rubbish Highly, covering material is added, allows it to reach stable state by long-term physics, chemistry and biological agent.Have the disadvantage take up an area it is many, Innoxious, volume reduction degree is relatively low, there is the potential threat of secondary pollution, refuse landfill away from urban district, freight compared with Greatly, selection of land is easily caused earth's surface and underground water pollution by more limitation.
Unareobic fermentation processing organic garbage of city is a kind of effective ways for reclaiming the energy in house refuse.It has the disadvantage Before processing is required for carrying out the classification of rubbish, therefore causes that Unareobic fermentation practicality is poor, and processing cost is huge, and processing It is not thorough, it is impossible to large-scale promotion application.
Burning method is to be sent into rubbish as solid fuel in incinerator, under the high temperature conditions, flammable in rubbish Oxygen carries out violent chemical reaction in composition and air, releases heat, change into the combustion gas and amount of high temperature less and property is steady Fixed solid residue.Have the disadvantage to destroy resource, rubbish contains 70% or so moisture, water-bearing organic consumed energy, combustiblerefuse Release energy, consumed energy and releasing energy offsets in burning process, dump energy seldom or be negative energy, therefore to rubbish Calorific value is required, and the combustion-supporting energy such as coal, oil is consumed in burning, wastes substantial amounts of recyclable resource, and can be formed when burning Bioxin, easily causes air pollution.
In three kinds of methods of above-mentioned garbage disposal, the advantage of burning disposal is that reduced training is good, the residue volume after burning More than 90% is reduced, weight reduces more than 80%, and processing is thorough.Inventor has found burning method not by people by studying for many years The reason for welcome is to use traditional burning principle, and its shortcoming can not change at all,
Traditional incineration firing principle is divided into three phases：First is the stage before catching fire, including combustion is dried, separates out volatilization Divide and form solid-state charcoal, solid combustible thing heats in stove, dries, evaporates moisture, as temperature increases, the organic matter in rubbish Start thermal decomposition, the volatile matter that the side chain got off and functional group are formed mainly is broken from macromolecular, its main component is CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4 and various hydrocarbon compounds, pyrolysis resultant product is solid-state charcoal, and solid combustible thing will in the process Absorb heat；Second is the burning of volatile matter and charcoal, the initial burning when temperature reaches burning-point, then flammable volatile matter and solid-state Carbon starts burning, and the volatile matter of solid combustible thing is higher, and burning velocity is faster；3rd is remaining solid carbon combustion in slag ashes To the greatest extent.
The boiler of prior art is all to supply air from burning ash layers, either common stove or reverse burning furnace, and air is first supplied Burnt away to imperfect combustion ashes, the remaining heat energy of release；It is provided to oxidizing fire layer to be burnt, discharges heat And provide thermal energy to dry reducing zone；Dry reducing zone and absorb heat energy, decomposite volatile matter, volatile combustion is a large amount of to produce Required heat energy.
Many technical problems occur in the above-mentioned theory of combustion in Actual combustion.Because air is the burning ashes from boiler Layer supply, the maximum temperature of burning easily causes dry reducing zone and cracks out macromolecular functional group, dry also in oxidizing fire layer Combustion space temperature above former layer can not meet the complete burning condition of volatile matter, so as to form dense smoke, cause burning not thorough Bottom, is lost in the calorific value of solid combustible thing 70%, greatly wastes the energy, pollutes environment.Especially in Refuse Incineration Process In, burning, which produces bioxin, does not have hot environment to be decomposed, and garbage incineration technology is not promoted.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention, which are to provide, a kind of to be changed garbage incineration process, is burnt using high-temperature gasification The abundant and extremely environmentally friendly high temperature garbage gasification power generation system of method, release heat energy.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：High temperature garbage gasification power generation system, including：
Refuse collection feed bin, the rubbish of coming is transported for collecting storage cram packer；The refuse collection feed bin top Material grasping bucket is installed, the bottom of the refuse collection feed bin is provided with rubbish collection material pond；
Garbage pulverator, receives the rubbish of the material grasping bucket crawl, and rubbish is crushed；
Rubbish drying machine, positioned at the garbage pulverator rear portion, for by the drying garbage after crushing；The drying garbage Machine is provided with gas collection cap dry gas collection device, and the dry gas collection device is connected with dry gas process device；
Garbage drying feed bin, for depositing garbage drying, the garbage drying feed bin top is provided with garbage drying material grasping Bucket；
Feed device, receives the garbage drying of garbage drying material grasping bucket crawl, for by the garbage drying feed bin Interior garbage drying is conveyed backward；
High-temperature gasification torch firing boiler, positioned at the discharge outlet of the feed device, rubbish after being dried by high-temperature gasification High-temperature gasification burning production steam, some vapor is connected to the rubbish drying machine by pipeline；The high-temperature gasification torch firing pot Stove is provided with air supply device；The discharge flue of the high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler is connected with flue gas processing device；
Turbo-generator Set, will be used for remaining steam after garbage drying and be converted into electric energy；
Anaerobic fermentation tower, for collect rubbish gather materials bottom of pond portion rubbish diffusate, the dry gas process device production Raw rubbish evaporation condensate simultaneously carries out anaerobic fermentation, produces biogas.
As preferred technical scheme, the dry gas process device includes cyclone separator, the cyclone separator Lower end the anaerobic fermentation tower is connected by pipeline, the outlet air end of the cyclone separator is connected with filtered water reservoir, the mistake The gap of filter connects the anaerobic fermentation tower, and the gas outlet of the filtered water reservoir is connected with chimney.
As preferred technical scheme, the methane outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tower is connected with Biogas Generator Set.
As preferred technical scheme, receipts are respectively provided with the refuse collection feed bin and the garbage drying feed bin Collect the gas collection cap of rubbish emission gases, the gas collection cap is by pipeline to being connected to the high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler The air supply device.
As preferred technical scheme, the high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler includes setting on boiler body, the boiler body There are boiler water cavity, boiler oil import, chain furnace grate and boiler smoke outlet, it is high that the boiler oil import is fitted with biomass Wet jet-burning device, the biomass high-temperature gasification jet-burning device includes being provided with high-temperature gasification combustion in body of heater, the body of heater Chamber is burnt, the front end of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is provided with flame slag notch, and the rear end of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is blocked up after being provided with Feeding-passage is provided with plate, the rear blocking plate, the feeding-passage is connected with charging and pushes away apparatus for ash；The high-temperature gasification burning The bottom of chamber, which is provided with the top of bottom of chamber plate, the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber, is provided with chamber top board, the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber Both sides be provided with chamber side plate；The rear blocking plate, the bottom of chamber plate, the chamber top board and the chamber side plate be correspondingly provided with respectively every Hot heat sink；The air lance of some directives burning surface of material is provided with the chamber top board, the air lance is passed through The heat insulation and heat control device is connected with air supply device.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the cross section of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is rectangular, the bottom of chamber plate It is horizontally disposed with or is obliquely installed to the flame slag notch.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the charging, which pushes away apparatus for ash, includes feed hopper, the bottom of the feed hopper Feeding warehouse is provided with, the bottom surface of the feeding warehouse, the bottom surface of the feeding-passage are concordant with the bottom of chamber plate, the feeding warehouse Bottom is provided with the expeller that can be stretched in the feeding-passage, and the expeller is connected with expeller and moves back and forth driving dress Put.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the heat insulation and heat control device includes being separately positioned on the rear blocking plate, institute The cooling jacket outside bottom of chamber plate, the chamber top board and the chamber side plate is stated, the cooling jacket connects and is connected with circulating pump, institute State circulating pump and be connected to the boiler water cavity.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the air lance includes circular body, the lower end of the circular body Provided with flat inverted " v " spout, the inverted " v " spout is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the chamber side plate；The circular body Tube wall in the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is provided with horizontal exhaust vent；The lower end of the air lance and the bottom of chamber plate Distance gradually reduced from feeding-passage to flame slag notch direction.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the air lance also includes tilting towards stove outside the flame slag notch The combustion-supporting jet pipe of slag of slag.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, high temperature garbage gasification power generation system, including refuse collection feed bin, rubbish are crushed Machine, rubbish drying machine, garbage drying feed bin, high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler, Turbo-generator Set；The present invention has abandoned traditional rubbish Rubbish burns principle, is dried by refuse collection feed bin draining, rubbish drying machine, garbage drying feed bin is stored, high-temperature gasification torch firing Boiler for producing steam, is finally generated electricity with Turbo-generator Set；The present invention sets up one efficiently in high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler High-temperature gasification burning situation, by surface of material forced air supply, making the surface oxygen-enriched combusting of material, forms a high-temp combustion Surface layer, produces substantial amounts of heat and is blown to the internal layer of material, makes gasification, and combustion more violent, rapid, the peak of burning Temperature is up to 1100 DEG C -1300 DEG C, and all macromolecular functional groups, all pernicious gases such as bioxin after gasification are repeatedly added Heat, gasify, decompose and participate in burning；The utilization efficiency of heat energy of material is substantially increased, is that boiler combustion principle of heating is dashed forward Broken property is improved, and is that the complete resource of rubbish is utilized there is provided sufficiently guarantee, and discharge environmental protection, with great economy effect Benefit and social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
The following drawings is only intended to, in doing schematic illustration and explanation to the present invention, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of embodiment of the present invention high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler；
Fig. 3 is the stereogram of embodiment of the present invention biomass high-temperature gasification jet-burning device；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 top view；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention biomass high-temperature gasification jet-burning device；
Fig. 6 is the sectional view that embodiment of the present invention air lance is located on high-temperature gasification combustion chamber cross section；
Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 A-A direction views；
Fig. 8 is enlarged drawing at I in Fig. 5；
In figure：1- refuse collection feed bins；11- material grasping buckets；2- garbage pulverators；3- rubbish drying machines；31- cyclonic separations Device；32- filtered water reservoirs；33- chimneys；4- garbage drying feed bins；41- garbage drying material grasping buckets；5- feed devices；6- high-temperature gasifications Torch firing boiler；61- boiler bodies；62- boiler water cavities；63- boiler oil imports；64- chain furnace grates；65- boiler smoke outlets； 7- biomass high-temperatures gasification jet-burning device；71- bodies of heater；72- high-temperature gasification combustion chambers；73- flame slag notches；74- rear blocking plates； 75- feeding-passages；76- bottom of chamber plate；77- chamber top boards；78- chamber side plates；79- air lances；791- circle bodys；792- inverted " V "s Shape spout；793- transverse direction exhaust vents；710- feed hoppers；711- feeding warehouses；712- expellers；713- hydraulic cylinders；714- cooling waters Set；715- cloth wind chambers；716- blower fans；The combustion-supporting jet pipe of 717- slags；8- Turbo-generator Sets；9- anaerobic fermentation towers.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the present invention is expanded on further.In the following detailed description, only explanation is passed through Mode describes some one exemplary embodiments of the present invention.Undoubtedly, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, In the case of without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, described embodiment can be repaiied with a variety of modes Just.Therefore, accompanying drawing and description are inherently illustrative, are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
As shown in figure 1, high temperature garbage gasification power generation system, including：
Refuse collection feed bin 1, the rubbish of coming is transported for collecting storage cram packer, the refuse collection feed bin 1 Bottom is provided with rubbish collection material pond；The urban and rural domestic refuse that garbage truck collection comes is discharged into rubbish collection material pond, garbage truck turnover institute State and twice gate is provided with refuse collection feed bin 1；Outer course gate is first turned on, now interior road closing gate, garbage truck enters；Close Outer course gate is closed, interior road gate, garbage truck unloading is then turned on；After the completion of unloading, interior road gate is closed, outer course gate is opened, Garbage truck is rolled away from；It ensure that whole uninstall process free from extraneous odour effusion；The top of refuse collection feed bin 1 is provided with material grasping bucket 11.
Garbage pulverator 2, receives the rubbish that the material grasping bucket 11 is captured, refuse bag is torn, by big plastic garbage, greatly Culled wood, textile rubbish tear cut off and rubbish is crushed.
Rubbish drying machine 3, positioned at the rear portion of garbage pulverator 2, for by the drying garbage after crushing；The rubbish is done Dry machine 3 is provided with dry gas collection device, and the dry gas collection device is connected with dry gas process device；The drying Gas treatment equipment includes cyclone separator 31, and the liquid that the lower end of the cyclone separator 31 is produced connects described by pipeline Anaerobic fermentation tower 9, the outlet air end of the cyclone separator 31 is connected with filtered water reservoir 32, and the gap of the filtered water reservoir 32 connects The anaerobic fermentation tower 9 is connect, the gas outlet of the filtered water reservoir 32 is connected with chimney 33.In the present embodiment, the dry gas Collection device is the gas skirt (not shown) for being fixedly installed on dry steam outlet, and gas skirt is connected with blower fan, and blower fan is The implicit known device of the present embodiment, therefore not shown in figure, the blower fan connects the cyclone separator 31.The rubbish is done Dry machine 3 uses known material or garbage drying equipment.
Garbage drying feed bin 4, for depositing and storing garbage drying, to ensure the continuity of whole system operation；It is described The top of garbage drying feed bin 4 is provided with garbage drying material grasping bucket 41.
Feed device 5, receives the garbage drying that the garbage drying material grasping bucket 41 is captured, for by the garbage drying material Garbage drying in storehouse 4 is conveyed backward；The present embodiment uses known auger conveyor.
High-temperature gasification torch firing boiler 6, positioned at the discharge outlet of the feed device 5, rubbish after being dried by high-temperature gasification Rubbish high-temperature gasification burning production steam, some vapor is connected to the rubbish drying machine 3 by pipeline；The high-temperature gasification torch firing Boiler 6 is provided with air supply device；The discharge flue of the high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler 6 is connected with flue gas processing device；The present embodiment The flue gas processing device handled using general boiler smoke processing unit.Because the pernicious gas that the present invention is discharged It is few with flue dust, greatly reduce the processing cost of flue dust.
Turbo-generator Set 8, will be used for remaining steam after garbage drying and be converted into electric energy.
Anaerobic fermentation tower 9, for collect rubbish gather materials bottom of pond portion rubbish diffusate, the dry gas process device production Raw rubbish evaporation condensate simultaneously carries out anaerobic fermentation, produces biogas, and the methane outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tower 9 is connected with biogas Generating set.
In the present embodiment, collection rubbish is respectively provided with the refuse collection feed bin 1 and the garbage drying feed bin 4 The gas collection cap of emission gases, the gas collection cap is by pipeline to the institute for being connected to the high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler 6 Air supply device is stated, so the gas with foreign flavor that rubbish is distributed is have collected, gas with foreign flavor is participated in burning again, it is ensured that working environment Environment-protective no-smell.
As shown in Fig. 2 high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler 6, including boiler body 61, the boiler body 61 is provided with boiler water Chamber 62, boiler oil import 63, chain furnace grate 64 and boiler smoke outlet 65, the boiler oil import 63 are fitted with biomass High-temperature gasification jet-burning device 7.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, biomass high-temperature gasification jet-burning device, including body of heater 71, the body of heater 71 is interior to be set There is high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72, the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72 of the present embodiment is laterally sets, the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72 Front end be provided with flame slag notch 73, the bottom of the flame slag notch 73 as slag notch, the flame slag notch 73 its Remaining part is allocated as flame jet, and the rear end of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72, which is provided with rear blocking plate 74, the rear blocking plate 74, to be set There is feeding-passage 75, the feeding-passage 75 is connected with charging and pushes away apparatus for ash；The bottom of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72 is set There is bottom of chamber plate 76, the bottom of chamber plate 76 is the flat board without cavity, and the top of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72 is provided with chamber top Plate 77, the effect of the chamber top board 77 is to ensure that fuel gas is not excessive, can only be transported in addition to burning to flame slag notch 73 It is dynamic；The both sides of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72 are provided with chamber side plate 78, the effect of the chamber side plate 78 and the chamber top board 77 Effect it is identical；To prevent the rear blocking plate 74, the bottom of chamber plate 76, the chamber top board 77 and the ablation of the chamber side plate 78, The rear blocking plate 74, the bottom of chamber plate 76, the chamber top board 77 and the chamber side plate 78 are correspondingly provided with heat insulation and heat control device respectively； Some directives are provided with the chamber top board 77 to burn the air lances 79 of surface of material, the air lance 79 through it is described every Hot heat sink is connected with air supply device.
In the present embodiment, the cross section of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72 is rectangular, and the bottom of chamber plate 76 is horizontally disposed with；When So in order to which guide is slagged tap conveniently, the bottom of chamber plate 76 is also using the technical scheme being obliquely installed to the flame slag notch 73.
In the present embodiment, the charging pushes away apparatus for ash including feed hopper 710, the bottom of the feed hopper 710 be provided with into Feed bin 711, the bottom surface of the feeding warehouse 711, the bottom surface of the feeding-passage 75 are concordant with the bottom of chamber plate 76, the feeding warehouse 711 bottom is provided with the expeller 712 that can be stretched in the feeding-passage 75, and the expeller 712 is connected with expeller Reciprocating movement driving device, expeller reciprocating movement driving device described in the present embodiment uses hydraulic cylinder 713, certainly Can be using mechanically or electrically dynamic reciprocating motion drive mechanism, these mechanisms are known, and it is no longer repeated herein.This implementation The charging of example pushes away the structure setting of apparatus for ash, is to ensure that material can be transported along the bottom of chamber plate 76 to slag notch direction It is dynamic, while also ensureing that some material is located in the feeding-passage 75, so as to play the work for blocking the feeding-passage 75 With, prevent tempering.The expeller 712 of the present embodiment is cuboid, and the feeding-passage 75 is corresponding with the expeller 712 Cuboid passage, by the reciprocating motion of expeller 712, material is constantly squeezed into the high temperature by the feeding-passage 75 In gasification, and combustion chamber 72, the material in front of new material promotion, along with the air of the air lance 79 ejection is to material table The pressure in face, makes the material of the whole bottom of chamber plate 76 constantly advance to the flame slag notch 73, completes being moved through for material Journey.
The heat insulation and heat control device includes being separately positioned on the rear blocking plate 74, the bottom of chamber plate 76, the chamber top board 77 With the cooling jacket 714 outside the chamber side plate 78, the cooling jacket 714 connects and is connected with circulating pump (not shown), The circulating pump is connected to boiler water cavity 62.This structure, prevents high temperature to the rear blocking plate 74, the bottom of chamber plate 76, described The ablation of chamber top board 77 and the chamber side plate 78, cooling water is connected with boiler, can reclaim the energy, improves the heat of the present embodiment Efficiency.The air lance 79 of the present embodiment passes through the cooling jacket 714 of the chamber top board 77, and cooling water is simultaneously also to described Air lance 79 plays a part of cooling, improves the service life of the air lance 79.Certainly, the heat insulation and heat control device It can use and refractory masses closure plate 74, the bottom of chamber plate 76, the chamber top board 77 and the chamber side in the rear are set respectively The inner surface of plate 78, with same burn-out proof effect.
In the present embodiment, the air supply device includes the cloth wind chamber 715 being arranged on outside the chamber top board 77, the cloth wind chamber 715 are connected with blower fan 716.The effect of the cloth wind chamber 715 is storage and distribution air, reduces the fluctuation of air pressure.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, in the present embodiment, the air lance 79 includes circular body 791, the circular body 791 lower end is provided with flat inverted " v " spout 792, and the inverted " v " spout 792 is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the chamber side Plate 78；This spout structure and arrangement, make the air-out of the air lance 79 be formed down fan-like pattern air curtain, not only to thing The burning of material provides sufficient oxygen, while stopping that the unburned composition suspended is escaped, by the stop of multilayer air curtain, makes the height Wet combustion chamber 72 realizes unexpected high-temperature gasification effect, and the flue dust escaped with flame is substantially reduced.The circle The tube wall that shape body 791 is located in the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72 is provided with horizontal exhaust vent 793, to entering the chamber top Combustion gas near plate 77 provides the oxygen needed for burning.The distance of the lower end of the air lance 79 and the bottom of chamber plate 76 is from entering Material passage 75 is gradually reduced to the direction of flame slag notch 73, because the material in the feeding-passage 75 is compacted, by described Expeller 712 is forced into the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber 72, and mass expanded is highly uprised, corresponding in this position The spout of the air lance 79 is higher, with the burning and flowing of material, and the height of material is gradually reduced, corresponding institute The spout for stating air lance 79 is gradually lowered, this arrangement can realize even distributing wind, it is ensured that gasification, and combustion fills Divide complete.
As shown in figure 8, the air lance 79 in the present embodiment also includes tilting towards outside the flame slag notch 73 The combustion-supporting jet pipe 717 of slag of slag.The flame slag notch 73 is installed and is inserted into the burner hearth of high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler 6, is fired Uncombusted lime-ash in the thermal source that the flame of burning works as boiler, the present embodiment course of work falls from the flame slag notch 73 Under, fall on boiler chain furnace grate 64, burnt away into boiler, the air feed system of boiler itself is provided from the lower section of fire grate The oxygen of lime-ash burning, the combustion-supporting jet pipe 717 of slag provides the lime-ash on fire grate the oxygen of burning from oblique upper, thus made not The lime-ash of after-flame is fully burned, and the heat energy of material is discharged completely.
The biomass high-temperature gasification jet-burning device of the present invention has abandoned traditional fire bars grate structure, using the bottom of chamber of closing Material on the retainer plate that plate 76 burns as material, bottom of chamber plate 76 burns since top layer, and the air lance 79 is to material Surface forced air supply, makes burning zone oxygen-enriched combusting, produces substantial amounts of heat and is blown to the internal layer of material, the material of internal layer is carried out Thermally decompose and produce fuel gas, fuel gas is moved by the wind band trend bottom of chamber plate 76 of the air lance 79, by bottom of chamber The bounce-back of plate 76, is placed through the burning zone on material top layer again, and fuel gas is further cracked in the process, due to thing Material top is chamber top board 77, and cracked gas can not escape, and be burnt rapidly under the abundant oxygen supply of air lance 79, the highest of burning Point temperature is up to 1100 DEG C -1300 DEG C, and at these elevated temperatures, all macromolecular functional groups continue to crack and burn, all harmful Gas such as bioxin is completely broken down, with the promotion for newly entering material, and material is constantly moved to the direction of flame slag notch 73, thing Material constantly burning is until be changed into the ashes of the carbon containing small part and fallen from flame slag notch 73, and the flame of high temperature is from flame slag notch 73 are sprayed, and heat energy utilization is carried out into boiler；The characteristics of the technical program is moved upwards using hot blast, simultaneously because air lance 79 abundant air feed, the high-temperature gasification approximately a closed burning situation is established in body of heater 71, material is substantially increased Utilization efficiency of heat energy, is the breakthrough improvement to prior art, is provided for the complete resource utilization of material especially biomass Sufficient guarantee.
The present invention has abandoned traditional waste incineration principle, is dried, done by refuse collection feed bin draining, rubbish drying machine Dry rubbish feed bin storage, high-temperature gasification torch firing boiler for producing steam, are finally generated electricity with Turbo-generator Set；The present invention is in High Temperature Gas Change in torch firing boiler and set up an efficient high-temperature gasification burning situation, by surface of material forced air supply, making the table of material Face oxygen-enriched combusting, forms a high-temp combustion surface layer, produces substantial amounts of heat and is blown to the internal layer of material, makes gasification, and combustion More violent, rapid, the peak temperature of burning is all macromolecular functional groups after gasification, all up to 1100 DEG C -1300 DEG C Pernicious gas such as bioxin by heating for multiple times, gasify, decompose and participate in burning；Substantially increase the heat energy utilization effect of material Rate, is the breakthrough improvement to boiler combustion principle of heating, is that the complete resource of rubbish is utilized there is provided sufficiently guarantee, and And discharge environmental protection, with great economic benefit and social benefit.
Schematical embodiment of the invention is the foregoing is only, the scope of the present invention is not limited to.It is any Those skilled in the art, made equivalent variations and modification on the premise of the design of the present invention and principle is not departed from, The scope of protection of the invention should be belonged to.

Claims (9)

1.垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，包括：1. Garbage high-temperature gasification power generation system, characterized in that it includes: 垃圾收集料仓，用于收集存放垃圾运输车运送来的垃圾；所述垃圾收集料仓上部安装有抓料斗，所述垃圾收集料仓的底部设有垃圾集料池；The garbage collection bin is used to collect and store the garbage transported by the garbage truck; the upper part of the garbage collection bin is equipped with a grab bucket, and the bottom of the garbage collection bin is provided with a garbage collection pool; 垃圾粉碎机，接收所述抓料斗抓取的垃圾，并将垃圾粉碎；Garbage shredder, receives the garbage grabbed by the grab hopper, and shreds the garbage; 垃圾干燥机，位于所述垃圾粉碎机后部，用于将粉碎后的垃圾干燥；所述垃圾干燥机设有气体收集罩干燥气体收集装置，所述干燥气体收集装置连接有干燥气体处理装置；A garbage dryer, located at the rear of the garbage crusher, is used to dry the pulverized garbage; the garbage dryer is equipped with a gas collection cover drying gas collection device, and the drying gas collection device is connected with a drying gas processing device; 干燥垃圾料仓，用于存放干燥垃圾，所述干燥垃圾料仓上部安装有干燥垃圾抓料斗；A dry garbage silo is used to store dry garbage, and a dry garbage grab hopper is installed on the upper part of the dry garbage silo; 送料装置，接收所述干燥垃圾抓料斗抓取的干燥垃圾，用于将所述干燥垃圾料仓内的干燥垃圾向后输送；The feeding device receives the dry garbage grabbed by the dry garbage grab hopper, and is used to transport the dry garbage in the dry garbage silo backward; 高温气化喷烧锅炉，位于所述送料装置的出料口处，通过高温气化将干燥后垃圾高温气化燃烧生产蒸汽，部分蒸汽通过管路连接至所述垃圾干燥机；所述高温气化喷烧锅炉设有供风装置；所述高温气化喷烧锅炉的排烟通道连接有烟气处理装置；The high-temperature gasification spray-fired boiler is located at the discharge port of the feeding device, and the dried garbage is gasified and burned to produce steam through high-temperature gasification, and part of the steam is connected to the garbage dryer through pipelines; the high-temperature gas The gasification spray-fired boiler is equipped with an air supply device; the smoke exhaust channel of the high-temperature gasification spray-fired boiler is connected with a flue gas treatment device; 汽轮发电机组，将用于干燥垃圾后剩余的蒸汽转化为电能；Turbine generator set, which converts the remaining steam after drying the garbage into electricity; 厌氧发酵塔，用于收集垃圾集料池底部的垃圾渗出液、所述干燥气体处理装置产生的垃圾蒸发冷凝液并进行厌氧发酵，产生沼气；An anaerobic fermentation tower, which is used to collect the garbage percolate at the bottom of the garbage collection tank and the garbage evaporation condensate produced by the dry gas treatment device, and perform anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas; 所述高温气化喷烧锅炉包括锅炉主体，所述锅炉主体上设有锅炉水腔、锅炉燃料进口、链条式炉排和锅炉排烟口，所述锅炉燃料进口插装有生物质高温气化喷烧装置，所述生物质高温气化喷烧装置包括炉体，所述炉体内设置有高温气化燃烧腔，所述高温气化燃烧腔的前端设有喷火出渣口，所述高温气化燃烧腔的后端设有后堵板，所述后堵板上设置有进料通道，所述进料通道连接有进料推灰装置；所述高温气化燃烧腔的底部设置有腔底板，所述高温气化燃烧腔的顶部设置有腔顶板，所述高温气化燃烧腔的两侧设置有腔侧板；所述后堵板、所述腔底板、所述腔顶板和所述腔侧板分别对应设有隔热降温装置；所述腔顶板上设置有若干射向燃烧物料表面的空气喷管，所述空气喷管穿过所述隔热降温装置连接有供风装置。The high-temperature gasification spray-fired boiler includes a boiler body. The boiler body is provided with a boiler water cavity, a boiler fuel inlet, a chain grate and a boiler smoke exhaust port. The boiler fuel inlet is inserted with a biomass high-temperature gasification Burning device, the biomass high-temperature gasification burning device includes a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a high-temperature gasification combustion chamber, the front end of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is provided with a fire-spraying slag outlet, the high-temperature The rear end of the gasification combustion chamber is provided with a rear blocking plate, and the rear blocking plate is provided with a feeding channel, and the feeding channel is connected with a feeding ash pushing device; the bottom of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is provided with a cavity Bottom plate, the top of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is provided with a cavity roof, and the two sides of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber are provided with cavity side plates; the rear blocking plate, the cavity bottom plate, the cavity top plate and the The side plates of the cavity are respectively provided with heat insulation and cooling devices; the top plate of the cavity is provided with a number of air nozzles directed to the surface of the combustion material, and the air nozzles pass through the heat insulation and cooling devices and are connected to an air supply device. 2.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述干燥气体处理装置包括旋风分离器，所述旋风分离器的下端通过管路连接所述厌氧发酵塔，所述旋风分离器的出风端连接有过滤水池，所述过滤水池的溢水口连接所述厌氧发酵塔，所述过滤水池的出气口连接有烟囱。2. The waste high-temperature gasification power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the dry gas processing device comprises a cyclone separator, and the lower end of the cyclone separator is connected to the anaerobic fermentation tower through a pipeline, so that The air outlet end of the cyclone separator is connected with a filtering pool, the overflow of the filtering pool is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tower, and the air outlet of the filtering pool is connected with a chimney. 3.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述厌氧发酵塔的沼气出口连接有沼气发电机组。3. The waste high-temperature gasification power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the biogas outlet of the anaerobic fermentation tower is connected with a biogas generator set. 4.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述垃圾收集料仓和所述干燥垃圾料仓内分别设有用于收集垃圾散发气体的气体收集罩，所述气体收集罩通过管路向连接至所述高温气化喷烧锅炉的所述供风装置。4. The garbage high-temperature gasification power generation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the garbage collection bin and the dry garbage bin are respectively provided with a gas collection cover for collecting the gas emitted by the garbage, and the gas The collection cover is connected to the air supply device connected to the high-temperature gasification spray-fired boiler through pipelines. 5.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述高温气化燃烧腔的横截面呈矩形，所述腔底板水平设置或者向所述喷火出渣口倾斜设置。5. The waste high-temperature gasification power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber is rectangular, and the bottom plate of the chamber is arranged horizontally or inclined toward the fire-spraying slag outlet . 6.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述进料推灰装置包括进料斗，所述进料斗的下部设置有进料仓，所述进料仓的底面、所述进料通道的底面和所述腔底板平齐，所述进料仓的底部设置有能伸入至所述进料通道内的推料块，所述推料块连接有推料块往复运动驱动装置。6. The waste high-temperature gasification power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the feeding and ash pushing device comprises a feeding hopper, and a feeding bin is arranged at the lower part of the feeding bin, and the feeding bin The bottom surface of the feeding channel, the bottom surface of the feeding channel and the bottom plate of the cavity are flush, and the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a pushing block that can extend into the feeding channel, and the pushing block is connected with a pushing Block reciprocating drive device. 7.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述隔热降温装置包括分别设置在所述后堵板、所述腔底板、所述腔顶板和所述腔侧板外的冷却水套，所述冷却水套连通且连接有循环泵，所述循环泵连接至所述锅炉水腔。7. The waste high-temperature gasification power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the heat insulation and cooling device includes a set of components respectively installed on the rear blocking plate, the bottom plate of the cavity, the top plate of the cavity and the side of the cavity A cooling water jacket outside the plate, the cooling water jacket communicates with and is connected to a circulation pump, and the circulation pump is connected to the boiler water chamber. 8.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述空气喷管包括圆形管体，所述圆形管体的下端设有扁平的倒“V”形喷口，所述倒“V”形喷口相互平行且垂直于所述腔侧板；所述圆形管体位于所述高温气化燃烧腔内的管壁上设有横向出风孔；所述空气喷管的下端与所述腔底板的距离从进料通道到喷火出渣口方向逐渐降低。8. The waste high-temperature gasification power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the air nozzle comprises a circular pipe body, and the lower end of the circular pipe body is provided with a flat inverted "V"-shaped nozzle, The inverted "V"-shaped nozzles are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the side plate of the chamber; the circular pipe body is provided with a horizontal air outlet on the pipe wall in the high-temperature gasification combustion chamber; the air nozzle The distance between the lower end of the chamber and the bottom plate of the cavity gradually decreases from the feed channel to the fire-spraying slag outlet. 9.如权利要求1所述的垃圾高温气化发电系统，其特征在于，所述空气喷管还包括倾斜朝向所述喷火出渣口外炉渣的炉渣助燃喷管。9. The waste high-temperature gasification power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the air nozzle further comprises a slag combustion-supporting nozzle inclined toward the slag outside the fire-spraying slag outlet.
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