CN211088408U

CN211088408U - Fuel cell control device and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN211088408U
Application number: CN201921942330.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王超; 李丹; 魏长河; 秦志东
Original assignee: Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-11
Filing date: 2019-11-11
Publication date: 2020-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-11

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a fuel cell control device and a vehicle. The control device includes: a controller connected with the VCU of the vehicle; the first relay to the Nth relay are respectively connected with a low-voltage power supply of the vehicle, and the controller is respectively connected with the first relay to the Nth relay in a one-to-one correspondence mode through first devices to Nth devices in a fuel cell system of the vehicle. The controller is used for controlling the first relay to the Nth relay to be connected if receiving a trigger signal sent by the VCU, so that the first device to the Nth device are powered by the low-voltage power supply. The first device to the Nth device are arranged in at least two systems of a thermal management system, a galvanic pile single monitoring system, a hydrogen circulation system and an air inlet system. Therefore, communication wiring harnesses among different systems are reduced, communication time is shortened, the load rate and the error rate of CAN bus transmission are reduced, and meanwhile, the space of the whole vehicle is saved.

Description

Fuel cell control device and vehicle

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of control of fuel cells, and in particular, to a fuel cell control device and a vehicle.

Background

At present, fuel cell vehicles mainly adopt a hybrid power mode combining a power cell and a fuel cell system. The structure and control of the hybrid power system must ensure that the power system has good economy, power performance and safety, so the control mode of the fuel cell system is very important and has a decisive influence on the performance, safety and service life of the fuel cell system.

The fuel cell passenger car takes hydrogen as fuel, and the hydrogen and oxygen in the air generate electrochemical reaction to generate electric energy, and the product is only water, so the fuel cell passenger car is considered as an ideal method for solving the energy crisis in the field of automobiles at present. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles have been slowly rising worldwide. The control system is a brain and a commander of the fuel cell system and is responsible for outputting instructions to control the working modes of the fuel cell system, including starting, idling, stopping and the like, controlling the temperature, pressure, flow and the like of hydrogen and oxygen in the galvanic pile according to different working states to continuously and stably output the power required by the whole vehicle and monitoring the running condition of the fuel cell system.

The fuel cell control system controls the electrochemical reaction in the system by controlling the input of hydrogen and oxygen, pressure, temperature and other parameters, and is based on the multidimensional control of the stack monomer monitoring, the air intake system, the hydrogen circulation system, the hydrogen safety monitoring system and the heat management system. The single cell monitoring of the electric pile mainly comprises the steps of monitoring the voltage, the temperature and other parameters of each cell in the electric pile; the air intake system needs to control the air supply and pile-entering flow, pressure, temperature and the like of the air compressor; the hydrogen circulating system mainly monitors the pressure reducing valve, the hydrogen stacking pressure and the like; the heat management system is mainly used for monitoring the water temperature of an inlet and an outlet of the galvanic pile, the cold start problem and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a fuel cell control device and a vehicle that have high reliability and simple circuitry.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell control device including:

a controller connected with the VCU of the vehicle;

the controller is connected with the first to Nth relays in a one-to-one correspondence mode through first to Nth devices in a fuel cell system of the vehicle, wherein the controller is used for controlling the first to Nth relays to be connected if receiving a trigger signal sent by the VCU, so that the first to Nth devices are powered by the low-voltage power supply.

The first device to the Nth device are arranged in at least two systems of a thermal management system, a galvanic pile single monitoring system, a hydrogen circulation system and an air inlet system.

Optionally, the first through nth devices include one or more of:

an air flow rate sensor and an air inlet temperature sensor in the air inlet system, a monomer monitor in the galvanic pile monomer monitoring system and a three-way valve in the thermal management system.

Optionally, the low voltage power source is a battery of the vehicle.

Optionally, the controller includes a trigger interface and first to nth signal interfaces, the trigger interface is connected to the VCU, the ith signal interface is connected to an input port of the ith relay, the ith device is connected to the low-voltage power supply through an output port of the ith relay, and the controller is configured to control the first to nth signal interfaces to output a predetermined voltage if the trigger interface receives a trigger signal sent by the VCU.

Optionally, the controller includes a normal electrical interface connected to the low voltage power supply such that the controller is powered by the low voltage power supply.

Optionally, the device further comprises a power supply introduction relay, the controller further comprises an introduction power supply interface and a filtering voltage stabilizer which are connected with each other, the hydrogen injection valve in the hydrogen circulation system is connected with the low-voltage power supply through the introduction power supply interface and the filtering voltage stabilizer and the power supply introduction relay in turn,

and the controller is used for controlling the power supply to introduce the relay to be jointed if receiving the trigger signal sent by the VCU, so that the voltage provided by the low-voltage power supply is filtered and stabilized by the filter voltage stabilizer and then supplies power to the hydrogen injection valve.

Optionally, the controller further comprises a power supply introduction redundancy interface connected with the power supply introduction relay.

Optionally, the controller comprises:

and the negative electrode interface is connected with the first device to the Nth device and is used for connecting the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply with the first device to the Nth device.

The present disclosure also provides a vehicle including a fuel cell system and the above fuel cell control apparatus provided by the present disclosure.

Through the technical scheme, a plurality of devices in different fuel cell systems are controlled in a centralized manner by controlling the on-off of the relay through the controller, so that communication wiring harnesses among different systems are reduced, the communication time is shortened, the load rate and the error rate of CAN bus transmission are reduced, and the space of the whole vehicle is saved.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system provided by an exemplary embodiment;

fig. 2 is a block diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus provided in another exemplary embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus provided in still another example embodiment.

Description of the reference numerals

1 air flow velocity sensor 2 temperature sensor

3 hydrogen injection valve 4 monomer monitor

5 three-way valve 6 first signal interface

7 second signal interface 8 third signal interface

9 leading-in power supply redundant interface 10 leading-in power supply interface

11 normal electric interface 12 trigger interface

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

As described above, each subsystem of the fuel cell system is mainly in a modularized distributed arrangement, and the control of each subsystem is relatively distributed, and a plurality of controllers are provided. For example, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) controls a thermal management system, a cell monitoring system monitors cell voltage, temperature, and the like of a cell stack, and a hydrogen circulation system controls hydrogen gas intake and hydrogen safety monitoring. The inventors have appreciated that although much research has been done at home and abroad on the control systems of fuel cell systems, the coupling relationship between the variables of the whole system is ignored for a single or a few subsystems. And because the current fuel cell vehicle is in a developing state, a control system of the fuel cell is still imperfect and can be completed by a plurality of controllers together, the functions are relatively disordered and dispersed, the electric pile needs to communicate with the plurality of controllers repeatedly in the working process, multi-party communication is needed, and the error rate is high in the communication process. Therefore, the inventors have proposed an integrated fuel cell control apparatus that controls each subsystem of a fuel cell, including multidimensional control of a thermal management system, a cell stack monitoring system, a hydrogen circulation system, and an air intake system, and that maximizes the performance of a cell stack and improves the hydrogen utilization rate.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system provided by an exemplary embodiment. In fig. 1, the thermal management system mainly includes a water pump, a three-way valve, a radiator, a fan, etc., and air compressed by the air compressor is divided into two branch loops by the three-way valve: a pile low-power loop (an inner loop, an upward branch of a three-way valve) and a pile high-power radiator loop (an outer loop, an upward branch of a three-way valve). A deionization tank can be connected in parallel to the inner loop. The opening degree of the three-way valve can be adjusted by monitoring parameters such as water temperature of an inlet and an outlet of the galvanic pile, the flow of a cooling medium and the rotating speed of the cooling fan are adjusted, the heat management system is provided with an intercooler, a branch of which is connected to the air compressor, and the intercooler is used for cooling compressed air.

The air intake system mainly comprises an air compressor, an air flow rate sensor 1, a temperature sensor 2, an air intake valve, an air exhaust valve and the like. Different power outputs of the galvanic pile correspond to different air intake quantities. The rotating speed of the air compressor can be adjusted according to parameters such as air inflow and the like, and the on-off of the drainage and exhaust valve is controlled according to parameters such as water content of the exhaust pipeline.

The hydrogen circulation system mainly comprises a hydrogen circulation pump, a hydrogen injection valve 3, a hydrogen exhaust valve and the like. The hydrogen gas inlet amount can be controlled by controlling parameters such as the hydrogen gas injection valve 3, the pile-entering pressure and the like, and the rotating speed of the hydrogen circulating pump can be controlled according to parameters such as the pile-exiting pressure of the hydrogen gas and the like. Like this, can guarantee the inside humidity of pile when improving hydrogen utilization ratio, hydrogen exhaust pipe can merge into the air exhaust pipe way on the end, dilutes hydrogen concentration through the air.

Considering the wiring problem and the number of pins of the fuel cell control system, a single monitoring module can be designed for parameters such as single voltage, total voltage, current and the like in the galvanic pile, and relevant information is directly transmitted to the fuel cell system through a signal wire.

Two hydrogen detectors can be arranged on the side of the hydrogen cylinder and the side of the engine, and once the hydrogen concentration is detected to exceed the set alarm threshold value, an audible and visual alarm can be generated.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus provided in an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the apparatus may include a controller, first to nth relays, N being an integer.

The controller may be connected to the vehicle's VCU. The first relay to the Nth relay are respectively connected with a low-voltage power supply of the vehicle. And the controller is respectively connected with the first relay to the Nth relay in a one-to-one correspondence way through the first device to the Nth device in the fuel cell system of the vehicle, wherein the controller is used for controlling the first relay to the Nth relay to be jointed if receiving the trigger signal sent by the VCU so as to ensure that the first device to the Nth device are powered by the low-voltage power supply,

the low-voltage power source may be a battery of a vehicle, for example, 24V. The first device to the Nth device are arranged in at least two systems of the heat management system, the galvanic pile single monitoring system, the hydrogen circulation system and the air inlet system. That is, at least two devices among the first to nth devices belong to two different systems among the above-described systems, respectively.

The above thermal management system, the stack cell monitoring system, the hydrogen circulation system and the air intake system may include various devices for maintaining the normal operation of the fuel cell, and the devices for detection or control may include various devices. For example, the first through nth devices may include one or more of: an air flow rate sensor 1 and an air inlet temperature sensor 2 in an air inlet system, a cell monitor in a galvanic pile cell monitoring system, and a three-way valve in a thermal management system.

Thus, the devices in at least two different systems are controlled integrally by one controller. Through the technical scheme, a plurality of devices in different fuel cell systems are controlled in a centralized manner by controlling the on-off of the relay through the controller, so that communication wiring harnesses among different systems are reduced, the communication time is shortened, the load rate and the error rate of CAN bus transmission are reduced, and the space of the whole vehicle is saved.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus provided in another exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the first relay is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply of the air flow velocity sensor in the air intake system, the second relay is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply of the cell monitor in the cell monitoring system, and the third relay is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply of the three-way valve in the thermal management system. In addition, other relays may be provided to control the switching on and off of the air inlet temperature sensor in the air intake system.

In the embodiment, the devices are controlled by the same controller, so that communication wiring harnesses among different systems are reduced, communication time is shortened, and the load rate and the error rate of CAN bus transmission are reduced.

In yet another embodiment, the controller may include a trigger interface and first to nth signal interfaces. The trigger interface is connected with the VCU. The ith signal interface is connected with an input port of the ith relay, and the ith device is connected with a low-voltage power supply through an output port of the ith relay. The controller is used for controlling the first signal interface to the Nth signal interface to output preset voltage if the trigger interface receives a trigger signal sent by the VCU.

The input port of the relay is a port connected with the internal coil, and the output port of the relay is a port connected with the internal switch. The controller may be triggered (awakened) by a trigger signal of the VCU. After waking up, the first to nth signal interfaces may output, for example, PWM signals to provide predetermined voltages to the input ports of the first to nth relays. When the input port of the ith relay is provided with a preset voltage, a coil in the ith relay generates current to trigger the ith relay to be closed, and the ith device is connected with a low-voltage power supply, so that the ith device is powered by the low-voltage power supply to work.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell control apparatus provided in still another example embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the input port of the first relay is connected to the first signal interface 6 of the controller, the input port of the second relay is connected to the second signal interface 7 of the controller, and the input port of the third relay is connected to the third signal interface 8 of the controller. When the trigger interface 12 of the controller receives a trigger signal sent by the VCU, the controller controls the first signal interface 6, the second signal interface 7 and the third signal interface 8 to output a predetermined voltage, and at this time, the first device (the air flow rate sensor 1 and the temperature sensor 2), the second device (the single monitor 4) and the third device (the three-way valve 5) are respectively communicated with the low-voltage power supply, and the low-voltage power supply supplies power to start running.

The connections between the first to nth devices and the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply may be direct connections or connections through a controller. In an embodiment, the controller may further include a negative interface (shown in fig. 4 as ground). The negative electrode interfaces can be multiple and are respectively connected with the first device to the Nth device and used for connecting the negative electrode of the low-voltage power supply with the first device to the Nth device.

Returning to fig. 2 and 3, in fig. 2 and 3, the connection lines between the controller and the first device to the nth device may be connected through the negative interface of the controller. The dotted line between the controller and one relay to the Nth relay can be connected through the first signal interface to the Nth signal interface of the controller. In this embodiment, the first to nth devices are connected to the negative electrode (ground) of the low-voltage power supply through the controller, thereby further enhancing the control range of the controller.

The controller can be powered by a low-voltage power supply or other power supplies. In one embodiment, the controller may include a constant electrical interface that interfaces with the low voltage power supply such that the controller (internal processor) is powered by the low voltage power supply.

If the controller is powered by the low-voltage power supply, namely the controller and the first device to the Nth device are powered by the same power supply. This is to consider that, in case of a fault or a defect of the low voltage power supply, the first to nth devices start to operate due to the problem of the low voltage power supply even after the controller controls the relay to be closed under the condition that other power supplies supply power. Therefore, the waste operation of the controller is avoided, and energy is saved.

In fuel cell systems, there are some devices that need to provide a more stable, more accurate voltage than others. For the devices, the voltage of a low-voltage power supply can be introduced into the controller through the closing of the relay, and after the filtering and voltage stabilization are carried out through a circuit in the controller, the output relay is connected to the devices. For example, a hydrogen injection valve in a hydrogen circulation system is such a device.

In this embodiment, the fuel cell control apparatus may further include a power supply introduction relay. The controller may further include an incoming power interface and a filter regulator coupled to each other. And a hydrogen injection valve in the hydrogen circulation system is connected with a low-voltage power supply through an introduction power supply interface and a filter voltage stabilizer and a power supply introduction relay in sequence.

And the controller is used for controlling the power supply to introduce the relay to be jointed if receiving the trigger signal sent by the VCU, so that the voltage supplied by the low-voltage power supply is filtered and stabilized by the filter voltage stabilizer and then supplies power to the hydrogen injection valve.

Returning to fig. 3, under the control of the controller, the power supply lead-in relay is closed, the low-voltage power supply is directly connected with the filtering voltage stabilizer in the controller, and the voltage of the low-voltage power supply is filtered and stabilized and then output to the hydrogen injection valve.

In the embodiment, the voltage of the low-voltage power supply can be filtered and stabilized inside the controller, and the integration level is high.

In the embodiment of fig. 4, the third relay also plays the role of a lead-in power supply relay while connecting the three-way valve 5, and the third relay is connected with a filter regulator inside the controller through a lead-in power supply interface 10, and the output of the filter regulator is connected to a hydrogen gas injection valve outside the controller.

In addition, in fig. 4, the controller may further include a power supply redundancy interface 9. The introduced power supply redundant interface 9 is also connected with a power supply introduced relay, and another filter voltage stabilizer can be connected in the controller to play a standby role. This enables the functionality to be used continuously also in case of a fault in the line leading to the power interface 10.

The power supply mode of the controller in the figure 4 adopts a 5-path power supply mode, comprises 1 path of K L30 normal power and 4 paths of K L15 controlled power, and avoids the damage to an internal circuit board and a connector of the controller due to high power and high current after integration.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A fuel cell control apparatus characterized by comprising:

a controller connected with the VCU of the vehicle;

the first relay to the Nth relay are respectively connected with a low-voltage power supply of a vehicle, the controller is respectively connected with the first relay to the Nth relay in a one-to-one correspondence mode through a first device to an Nth device in a fuel cell system of the vehicle, the controller is used for controlling the first relay to the Nth relay to be connected if a trigger signal sent by the VCU is received, so that the first device to the Nth device are powered by the low-voltage power supply,

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first through nth devices comprise one or more of:

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the low voltage power source is a battery of the vehicle.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller includes a trigger interface and first to nth signal interfaces, the trigger interface is connected to the VCU, the ith signal interface is connected to an input port of an ith relay, the ith device is connected to the low voltage power supply through an output port of the ith relay, and the controller is configured to control the first to nth signal interfaces to output a predetermined voltage if the trigger interface receives a trigger signal sent by the VCU.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller includes a normally electrical interface that is connected to the low voltage power source such that the controller is powered by the low voltage power source.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a power supply introduction relay, the controller further comprises an introduction power supply interface and a filtering regulator connected to each other, the hydrogen gas injection valve in the hydrogen gas circulation system is connected to the low voltage power supply via the introduction power supply interface, via the filtering regulator and the power supply introduction relay in this order,

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the controller further comprises a power lead-in redundant interface coupled to the power lead-in relay.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises:

9. A vehicle characterized by comprising a fuel cell system and the fuel cell control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.