CN112820907B - Control method for electrifying and starting hydrogen fuel cell system - Google Patents

Control method for electrifying and starting hydrogen fuel cell system Download PDF

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CN112820907B
CN112820907B CN202011626165.1A CN202011626165A CN112820907B CN 112820907 B CN112820907 B CN 112820907B CN 202011626165 A CN202011626165 A CN 202011626165A CN 112820907 B CN112820907 B CN 112820907B
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accessory
sensor
voltage
fuel cell
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CN112820907A (en
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张佩
王志伟
杜常清
武冬梅
卢炽华
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Foshan Xianhu Laboratory
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
    • H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，氢燃料电池系统包括控制系统，所述控制系统包括氢燃料电池系统控制器FCU，所述控制方法包括以下步骤：FCU获取唤醒信号，从休眠状态中被唤醒；FCU控制氢燃料电池系统进行自检得到第一自检结果信息；FCU根据第一自检结果信息控制氢燃料电池系统的状态，若第一自检结果信息表示自检成功，控制氢燃料电池系统进入待机状态；若第一自检结果信息表示自检失败，控制氢燃料电池系统进入休眠状态；在氢燃料电池系统处于待机状态下，FCU接收到整车控制器VCU的开机指令时，根据外界温度信息，控制氢燃料电池系统进行冷启动或者常温启动，提高系统上电启动的安全性与效率。

Figure 202011626165

The invention discloses a control method for power-on and startup of a hydrogen fuel cell system. The hydrogen fuel cell system includes a control system, and the control system includes a hydrogen fuel cell system controller FCU. The control method includes the following steps: the FCU obtains wake-up The signal is awakened from the sleep state; the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform self-test to obtain the first self-test result information; the FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-test result information, if the first self-test result information indicates If the self-test is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter the standby state; if the first self-test result information indicates that the self-test fails, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter the sleep state; when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in the standby state, the FCU receives the vehicle control When the power-on command of the VCU is received, according to the outside temperature information, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to perform a cold start or a normal temperature start, which improves the safety and efficiency of the system power-on start-up.

Figure 202011626165

Description

Control method for electrifying and starting hydrogen fuel cell system
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle uses hydrogen as fuel, and chemical energy of hydrogen-oxygen reaction is converted into electric energy through a fuel cell engine without combustion. Since the reaction product is only water, no harmful emissions are generated, and no cruising anxiety is generated compared with an electric automobile, the method is considered to be the final form of the new energy automobile.
The hydrogen fuel cell related art has been studied for a long time, but the research on the hydrogen fuel cell engine related art for vehicles is not yet mature. The patent application with publication number CN107199891A discloses a method for controlling the power on and power off of a fuel cell vehicle, which realizes the monitoring of the high-voltage state of the whole vehicle by a VCU. In the control system thereof, the fuel cell system is used as a range extender. The patent application publication No. CN111703336A discloses a power-off control system and a control method for a fuel cell vehicle, in which a fuel cell system high-voltage accessory is controlled by a VCU to be powered off.
In summary, there are currently fewer control methods involved in the power-up and start-up of hydrogen fuel cell systems, and most focus on the control of the VCU without effecting effective monitoring of the fuel cell system internals by the FCU.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell, which solves one or more technical problems in the prior art, and at least provides a useful choice or creation.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system, where the hydrogen fuel cell system includes a control system, the control system includes a hydrogen fuel cell system controller FCU, and the control method includes the following steps:
s101, the FCU acquires a wake-up signal and is awakened from a sleep state;
s102, the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out self-checking to obtain first self-checking result information;
s103, the FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-checking result information, and if the first self-checking result information shows that self-checking is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter a standby state; if the first self-checking result information indicates that the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state;
and S104, when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state and the FCU receives a starting instruction of the vehicle control unit VCU, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out cold start or normal-temperature start according to the external temperature information.
The control system further comprises an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay, a pile relay, a plurality of sensors and a plurality of accessory controllers, wherein the FCU is respectively connected with the FCU low-voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump relay, the pile relay, the sensors and the accessory controllers, the sensors are connected with a power supply by controlling the FCU low-voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump is connected with the power supply by controlling the auxiliary water pump relay, the pile relay is controlled to output electric energy, the sensors are used for detecting parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the accessory controllers are used for controlling accessories in the hydrogen fuel cell system; the first detection result information includes first self-test failure information and first self-test success information, and the step S102 includes:
s201, the FCU detects whether the states of an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay and a pile relay are normal or not, if the states are all normal, the step S202 is executed, and if the states are not normal, self-checking fails, first self-checking failure information is generated;
s202, the FCU controls to close the FCU low-voltage relay so that the power supply supplies power to the sensors and awakens the accessory controllers;
s203, the initial values of the sensors are sent to an FCU by the sensors, the FCU respectively obtains the initial values of the sensors, whether the initial values of the sensors are normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the sensors are in a normal range, the step S204 is carried out, and if not, self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
s204, the FCU communicates with the accessory controllers respectively, whether the communication is normal or not is detected, when the communication between the FCU and the accessory controllers is normal, the step S205 is carried out, and if the communication between the FCU and the accessory controllers is not normal, the detection is failed, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
s205, the FCU controls the accessory controllers to carry out self-checking, each accessory controller is successful in self-checking, first self-checking success information is generated, and otherwise, the self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated.
The control system further comprises a plurality of accessory sensors and a plurality of accessory relays, the number of the accessory relays is the same as that of the accessory controllers, the accessory relays are connected with the accessory controllers in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the accessory controllers are connected with at least one accessory sensor, the accessory controllers connect the at least one accessory sensor connected with the accessory relays to a power supply by controlling the accessory relays, and the accessory sensors are used for detecting the working states of accessories;
the step S205 includes:
s301, the FCU sends self-checking signals to the accessory controllers;
s302, after receiving the self-checking signal, the accessory controller detects whether the state of an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller is normal, if the state is normal, the step S303 is executed, otherwise, the self-checking fails, second self-checking failure information is sent to an FCU, and the step S305 is executed;
s303, the accessory controller controls an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller to be closed so that the power supply supplies power to an accessory sensor connected with the power supply;
s304, after the accessory sensor is connected with the power supply, the initial value of the accessory sensor is sent to the corresponding accessory controller, after the accessory controller receives the initial value of the accessory sensor, whether the initial value of the accessory sensor is normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the accessory sensor are in the normal range, the self-checking is successful, second self-checking success information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed; otherwise, the self-checking fails, a second self-checking failure message is sent to the FCU, and step S305 is executed;
s305, the FCU receives self-checking result information of the accessory controllers, the self-checking result information comprises second self-checking success information or second self-checking failure information, when the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is received, the first self-checking success information is generated, and if the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is the second self-checking success information, the first self-checking failure information is generated.
Further, the step S104 of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform cold start or normal temperature start according to the outside temperature information includes:
and comparing the outside temperature information with a preset value, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to start at normal temperature when the outside temperature is greater than the preset value, and controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to start at cold when the outside temperature is not greater than the preset value.
Further, the step of performing the normal temperature start in step S104 includes:
s401, the power battery supplies power to a high-voltage accessory of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
s402, starting a hydrothermal management system;
s403, starting a hydrogen system for purging;
s404, starting an air system for purging;
s405, detecting the voltage of the single cells of the galvanic pile, outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the voltage of each single cell of the galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value, and starting successfully.
Further, the step of performing cold start in step S104 includes:
s501, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
s502, starting a hydrothermal management system, and heating an electric push to a preset temperature through an electric push heating device;
s503, starting a hydrogen system and purging;
s504, starting an air system for purging;
and S505, detecting the voltage of the single cells of the galvanic pile, and outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the voltage of each galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value, so that the starting is successful.
Further, the plurality of sensors include an air intake flow sensor, an air inlet temperature pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature pressure sensor, a pile entering water temperature pressure sensor, a pile exiting water temperature sensor, and a hydrogen pile entering pressure sensor, which are respectively used for detecting the air intake flow, the air inlet temperature and pressure, the air outlet temperature and pressure, the pile entering water temperature and pressure, the pile exiting water temperature, and the hydrogen pile entering pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
Further, the plurality of accessory controllers comprise an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump controller, a circulating water pump controller, a DC/DC controller and a voltage detection module controller, wherein the air compressor controller, the PTC controller, the hydrogen circulating pump controller and the circulating water pump controller are respectively used for controlling the air compressor, the PTC, the hydrogen circulating pump, the circulating water pump, the DC/DC module and the voltage detection module controller;
the plurality of accessory sensors includes first to third speed sensors, first to sixth voltage sensors, first to sixth current sensors, first to sixth temperature sensors; the voltage detection module comprises a seventh voltage sensor which is used as an accessory sensor of the voltage detection module;
the first rotating speed sensor, the first voltage sensor, the first current sensor and the first temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the air compressor;
the second rotating speed sensor, the second voltage sensor, the second current sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the hydrogen circulating pump;
the third rotating speed sensor, the third voltage sensor, the third current sensor and the third temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the circulating water pump;
the fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, the fourth current sensor and the fourth voltage sensor are respectively used for detecting the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the current and the voltage of the PTC;
the fifth current sensor, the sixth current sensor, the fifth voltage sensor, the sixth voltage sensor and the sixth temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the input end current, the output end current, the input end voltage, the output end voltage and the temperature of the DC/DC module;
and the seventh voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of the single cell of the pile.
The embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out self-checking, and if the self-checking is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter a standby state; if the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state; and only when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state, the FCU receives a starting instruction of the VCU of the vehicle control unit, and controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out cold start or normal-temperature start according to the external temperature information. The FCU can effectively monitor the interior of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the safety and efficiency of power-on starting of the system are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling power-up and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a connection circuit diagram of a stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
It should be noted that although functional block divisions are provided in the system drawings and logical orders are shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown and described may be performed in different orders than the block divisions in the systems or in the flowcharts. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, and the drawings described above, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen fuel cell system includes a control system, the control system includes a hydrogen fuel cell system controller FCU, an FCU low voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay, a stack relay, a plurality of sensors, and a plurality of accessory controllers, the FCU is connected with the FCU low voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump relay, the stack relay, the plurality of sensors, and the plurality of accessory controllers, respectively, wherein the auxiliary water pump is used for cooling the air compressor, the plurality of sensors are connected to the power supply by controlling the FCU low voltage relay, the power supply is a 12V battery, the 12V battery is connected to the FCU through the FCU low voltage relay, and when the FCU low voltage relay is closed, the FCU converts the 12V voltage into a 5V voltage to be supplied to the plurality of sensors, so that the plurality of sensors are powered on.
The auxiliary water pump is connected to a power supply by controlling the auxiliary water pump relay, the electric pile is controlled to output electric energy by controlling the electric pile relay, the sensors are used for detecting parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the accessory controllers are used for controlling accessories in the hydrogen fuel cell system.
The sensors comprise an air inlet flow sensor, an air inlet temperature pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature pressure sensor, a reactor entering water temperature pressure sensor, a reactor exiting water temperature sensor and a hydrogen reactor entering pressure sensor which are respectively used for detecting the air inlet flow, the air inlet temperature and pressure, the air outlet temperature and pressure, the reactor entering water temperature and pressure, the reactor exiting water temperature and the hydrogen reactor entering pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
The plurality of accessory controllers comprise an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump controller, a DC/DC controller and a voltage detection module controller.
Fig. 2 provides a control method for power-up and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system, the control method comprising the steps of:
s101, the FCU acquires a wake-up signal and is awakened from a sleep state;
the wake-up signal may be a key signal or a VCU control signal. As shown in fig. 1, the 12V battery is connected to the FCU through an ignition switch, and when a key signal is received, the ignition switch is closed and the FCU is awakened.
S102, the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform self-checking to obtain first self-checking result information;
s103, the FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-checking result information, and if the first self-checking result information shows that self-checking is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter a standby state; if the first self-checking result information indicates that the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state;
the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to return to the dormant state to disconnect the FCU low-voltage relay to achieve power-off of the low-voltage load and control the accessory controller to sleep, and the low-voltage load refers to the auxiliary water pump and the sensor controlled by the FCU.
And S104, when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state and the FCU receives a starting instruction of the VCU, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to be started in a cold mode or in a normal temperature mode according to the external temperature information.
And when the external temperature is not greater than the preset value, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to be started at normal temperature.
Further, the first detection result information includes first self-test failure information and first self-test success information, and the step 102 includes:
s201, the FCU detects whether the states of an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay and a pile relay are normal or not, if the states are normal, the step S202 is carried out, and if the states are not normal, self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
detecting whether the contacts of the relay are adhered to judge whether the relay is normal, and if the contacts of the relay are adhered to each other, the self-checking fails; if the relay contact is not stuck, the process proceeds to step S202.
S202, the FCU controls to close the FCU low-voltage relay so that the power supply supplies power to the plurality of sensors and awakens the plurality of accessory controllers;
the power supply is a 12V storage battery, the 12V storage battery is connected with the FCU through the FCU low-voltage relay, when the FCU controls the FCU low-voltage relay to be closed, the FCU converts 12V voltage into 5V voltage to be supplied to the plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors are powered on, and when the FCU controls the FCU low-voltage relay to be closed, a wake-up signal is sent to the plurality of accessory controllers to wake up the plurality of accessory controllers.
S203, the initial values of the sensors are sent to an FCU by the sensors, the FCU respectively obtains the initial values of the sensors, whether the initial values of the sensors are normal or not is judged, the step S204 is carried out when the initial values of the sensors are in a normal range, and otherwise, self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
specifically, the initial values of the plurality of sensors refer to an air intake flow rate sensor, an air inlet temperature pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature pressure sensor, a reactor-entering water temperature pressure sensor, a reactor-exiting water temperature sensor, and an air intake flow rate initial value, an air inlet temperature and pressure initial value, an air outlet temperature and pressure initial value, a reactor-entering water temperature and pressure initial value, a reactor-exiting water temperature initial value, and a hydrogen reactor-entering pressure initial value which are respectively detected by the hydrogen reactor-entering pressure sensor. If any initial value is not in the normal range, the self-check fails.
S204, the FCU communicates with the accessory controllers respectively, whether the communication is normal or not is detected, when the communication between the FCU and the accessory controllers is normal, the step 2.5 is carried out, and otherwise, the detection fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated.
Specifically, signal interaction is carried out between the FCU and the hydrogen fuel cell system accessory controller through CAN communication, the FCU broadcasts signals to a hydrogen fuel cell system communication network, each accessory controller feeds back the signals to the FCU after receiving the signals, if the FCU receives the feedback signals of each accessory controller, the communication is normal, otherwise, the self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated
S205, the FCU controls the multiple accessory controllers to carry out self-checking, each accessory controller is successful in self-checking, first self-checking success information is generated, and otherwise, first self-checking failure information is generated when the self-checking fails.
The control system further comprises a plurality of accessory sensors and a plurality of accessory relays (not shown in fig. 1), wherein the number of the accessory relays is the same as that of the accessory controllers, the accessory relays are correspondingly connected with the accessory controllers one by one, the accessory controllers are connected with at least one accessory sensor, the accessory controllers connect the at least one accessory sensor connected with the accessory relays into a power supply by controlling the accessory relays, and the accessory sensors are used for detecting the working states of the accessories; the accessory controller monitors an operating state of an accessory of the hydrogen fuel cell system via the at least one accessory sensor,
the step S205 includes:
s301, the FCU sends self-checking signals to the accessory controllers;
the FCU and the hydrogen fuel cell system accessory controller are in signal interaction through CAN communication.
S302, after receiving the self-checking signal, the accessory controller detects whether the state of the accessory controller connected to the accessory relay is normal, if the state is normal, the step S303 is executed, otherwise, the self-checking fails, second self-checking failure information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed;
the accessory controller detects whether the contacts of the relay are adhered to judge whether the relay is normal, and if the contacts of the relay are adhered to each other, the self-checking fails; if the relay contact is not stuck, the process proceeds to step S305.
S303, the accessory controller controls an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller to be closed so that the power supply supplies power to an accessory sensor connected with the power supply;
the power supply is a 12V storage battery, the 12V storage battery is connected with the accessory controller through the accessory relay, and when the accessory relay is controlled to be closed by the accessory controller, the accessory controller converts 12V voltage into 5V voltage to be supplied to the accessory sensor connected with the accessory controller, so that the accessory sensor is connected with the power supply.
S304, after the accessory sensor is connected with the power supply, the initial value of the accessory sensor is sent to the corresponding accessory controller, after the accessory controller receives the initial value of the accessory sensor, whether the initial value of the accessory sensor is normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the accessory sensor are in the normal range, the self-checking is successful, second self-checking success information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed; otherwise, the self-checking fails, a second self-checking failure message is sent to the FCU, and step S305 is executed;
specifically, when the accessory controller is connected to a plurality of accessory sensors, the self-test is calculated to be successful only when the mean value of the initial values of all the accessory sensors connected to the accessory controller is within a normal range.
S305, the FCU receives self-checking result information of the accessory controllers, the self-checking result information comprises second self-checking success information or second self-checking failure information, when the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is received, the first self-checking success information is generated, and if the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is the second self-checking success information, the first self-checking failure information is generated.
Specifically, the FCU considers that the self-test is successful only if the self-test result information sent by each accessory controller is the second self-test success information, and generates the first self-test success information.
The plurality of accessory controllers comprise an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump controller, a circulating water pump controller, a DC/DC controller and a voltage detection module controller, the plurality of accessories comprise an air compressor, a PTC, a hydrogen circulating pump, a circulating water pump, a DC/DC module and a voltage detection module, and the air compressor controller, the PTC controller, the hydrogen circulating pump controller, the circulating water pump controller, the DC/DC controller and the voltage detection module controller are respectively used for controlling the air compressor, the PTC, the hydrogen circulating pump, the circulating water pump, the DC/DC module and the voltage detection module;
the air compressor machine is used for carrying out air compression, and hydrogen circulating pump is used for carrying out the hydrogen circulation, and circulating water pump is used for carrying out the hydrologic cycle, and voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of galvanic pile battery cell, and DC/DC module carries out voltage conversion with the voltage of galvanic pile output, and PTC is used for preheating the galvanic pile.
The plurality of accessory sensors includes first to third speed sensors, first to sixth voltage sensors, first to sixth current sensors, first to sixth temperature sensors; the voltage detection module comprises a seventh voltage sensor which is used as an accessory sensor of the voltage detection module;
the first rotating speed sensor, the first voltage sensor, the first current sensor and the first temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the air compressor;
the second rotating speed sensor, the second voltage sensor, the second current sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the hydrogen circulating pump;
and the third rotating speed sensor, the third voltage sensor, the third current sensor and the third temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the circulating water pump.
The fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, the fourth current sensor and the fourth voltage sensor are respectively used for detecting the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the current and the voltage of the PTC;
the fifth current sensor, the sixth current sensor, the fifth voltage sensor, the sixth voltage sensor and the sixth temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the input end current, the output end current, the input end voltage, the output end voltage and the temperature of the DC/DC module;
and the seventh voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of the single cell of the pile.
Further, the step of performing the normal temperature start in step S104 includes:
s401, the power battery supplies power to a high-voltage accessory of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
the high-voltage accessories comprise an air compressor, a PTC, a hydrogen circulating pump and a circulating water pump, the FCU commands the DCDC controller to close a high-voltage accessory relay through CAN communication, and the high-voltage accessory relay comprises a pre-charging relay K3 and a main relay K4, as shown in figure 3. The pre-charge relay K3 is first closed, and the main relay K4 is closed up to a preset time T1. Closing K4 for a preset time T2 opens pre-charge relay K3.
S402, starting a hydrothermal management system;
s403, starting a hydrogen system for purging;
s404, starting an air system for purging;
as shown in fig. 4, the hydrogen fuel cell system includes a water heat management system, a hydrogen system, and an air system, the water heat management system includes a circulating water pump, a PTC, a radiator, and a thermostat; the hydrogen system comprises a hydrogen circulating pump, an air inlet valve, a pressure reducing valve and a tail exhaust valve; the air system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier.
And starting the hydrothermal management system to ensure that the galvanic pile has proper temperature in the starting process, starting the hydrogen system to purge, removing a hydrogen-air interface as soon as possible, and reducing corrosion of the galvanic pile. And starting an air system for purging, removing redundant water in the galvanic pile and establishing air pressure.
S405, detecting the cell voltage of the cell stack, outputting electric energy by the cell stack after the cell voltage of each cell stack reaches a preset voltage value V1, and starting successfully.
The stack outputs power requiring the FCU to control the stack relay to close. As shown in fig. 3, the stack relay includes a pre-charge relay K1 and a main relay K3, and the step of closing the stack relay includes: the pre-charge relay K1 is first closed, and the main relay K2 is closed up to a preset time T3. Closing K2 for a preset time T4 opens pre-charge relay K1.
The step of performing cold start in step S104 includes:
and S501, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
S502, starting a hydrothermal management system, and heating an electric push to a preset temperature through an electric push heating device;
when the outside temperature is not greater than the preset value, the heater PTC is needed to be started for cold start, and the electric pile is preheated to the preset temperature T.
And S503, starting a hydrogen system and purging.
And S504, starting an air system and purging.
And S505, detecting the cell voltage of the galvanic pile, and outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the cell voltage of each galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value V1 to successfully start.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，其特征在于，氢燃料电池系统包括控制系统，所述控制系统包括氢燃料电池系统控制器FCU，所述控制方法包括以下步骤：1. A control method for power-on and startup of a hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that the hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a control system, the control system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system controller FCU, and the control method comprises the following steps: S101、FCU获取唤醒信号，从休眠状态中被唤醒；S101, the FCU obtains a wake-up signal and wakes up from the sleep state; S102、FCU控制氢燃料电池系统进行自检得到第一自检结果信息；S102, the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform self-check to obtain first self-check result information; S103、FCU根据第一自检结果信息控制氢燃料电池系统的状态，若第一自检结果信息表示自检成功，控制氢燃料电池系统进入待机状态；若第一自检结果信息表示自检失败，控制氢燃料电池系统进入休眠状态；S103. The FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-check result information. If the first self-check result information indicates that the self-check is successful, the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a standby state; if the first self-check result information indicates that the self-check fails , control the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter the dormant state; S104、在氢燃料电池系统处于待机状态下，FCU接收到整车控制器VCU的开机指令时，根据外界温度信息，控制氢燃料电池系统进行冷启动或者常温启动；S104. When the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state, when the FCU receives a start-up command from the vehicle controller VCU, it controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform a cold start or a normal temperature start according to the outside temperature information; 所述控制系统还包括FCU低压继电器、辅助水泵继电器、电堆继电器、多个传感器、多个附件控制器，所述FCU分别与FCU低压继电器、辅助水泵继电器、电堆继电器、多个传感器、多个附件控制器连接，通过控制所述FCU低压继电器将多个传感器接入电源，通过控制所述辅助水泵继电器将辅助水泵接入电源，通过控制电堆继电器控制电堆输出电能，所述多个传感器，用于检测氢燃料电池系统的参数，所述多个附件控制器用于控制氢燃料电池系统中的附件；第一检测结果信息包括第一自检失败信息和第一自检成功信息，所述步骤S102包括：The control system also includes an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay, a stack relay, a plurality of sensors, and a plurality of accessory controllers. connected to an accessory controller, multiple sensors are connected to the power supply by controlling the FCU low-voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump is connected to the power supply by controlling the auxiliary water pump relay, and the stack is controlled to output electrical energy by controlling the stack relay. a sensor for detecting parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the plurality of accessory controllers are used for controlling accessories in the hydrogen fuel cell system; the first detection result information includes first self-test failure information and first self-test success information, so The step S102 includes: S201、FCU检测FCU低压继电器、辅助水泵继电器、电堆继电器的状态是否正常，状态都正常则进入步骤S202，否则自检失败，生成第一自检失败信息；S201, the FCU detects whether the status of the FCU low-voltage relay, auxiliary water pump relay, and stack relay is normal, and if the status is normal, then proceed to step S202, otherwise the self-test fails, and a first self-test failure message is generated; S202、FCU控制闭合FCU低压继电器，以使电源给所述多个传感器供电，并唤醒多个附件控制器；S202, the FCU controls and closes the FCU low-voltage relay, so that the power supply supplies power to the plurality of sensors, and wakes up the plurality of accessory controllers; S203、所述多个传感器将其初始值发送给FCU，FCU分别获取所述多个传感器的初始值，判断所述多个传感器的初始值是否正常，当所述多个传感器的初始值均在正常范围时进入步骤S204，否则自检失败，生成第一自检失败信息；S203. The multiple sensors send their initial values to the FCU, and the FCU obtains the initial values of the multiple sensors respectively, and judges whether the initial values of the multiple sensors are normal. If it is in the normal range, go to step S204, otherwise the self-test fails, and the first self-test failure information is generated; S204、FCU分别与所述多个附件控制器之间进行通讯，检测通讯是否正常，当FCU与所述多个附件控制器的通讯均正常时进入步骤S205，否则检测失败，生成第一自检失败信息；S204, the FCU communicates with the plurality of accessory controllers respectively, and detects whether the communication is normal. When the communication between the FCU and the plurality of accessory controllers is normal, go to step S205, otherwise the detection fails, and a first self-check is generated. failure information; S205、FCU控制所述多个附件控制器进行自检，每个附件控制器均自检成功，生成第一自检成功信息，否则自检失败，生成第一自检失败信息。S205. The FCU controls the plurality of accessory controllers to perform self-checking, each accessory controller succeeds in self-checking, and generates first self-checking success information; otherwise, self-checking fails, and generates first self-checking failure information. 2.根据权利要求1所述的氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制系统还包括多个附件传感器、多个附件继电器，多个附件继电器与多个附件控制器的数量相同，附件继电器与附件控制器一一对应连接，附件控制器与至少一个附件传感器连接，附件控制器通过控制附件继电器将与其连接的至少一个附件传感器接入电源，所述多个附件传感器，用于检测附件的工作状态；2 . The method for controlling power-on and startup of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein the control system further comprises a plurality of accessory sensors, a plurality of accessory relays, a plurality of accessory relays and a plurality of accessory controls. 3 . The number of the devices is the same, the accessory relays are connected with the accessory controller in one-to-one correspondence, the accessory controller is connected with at least one accessory sensor, and the accessory controller connects the at least one accessory sensor connected with it to the power supply by controlling the accessory relay, and the multiple accessories A sensor for detecting the working state of the accessory; 所述步骤S205包括：The step S205 includes: S301、FCU发送自检信号给所述多个附件控制器；S301. The FCU sends a self-check signal to the multiple accessory controllers; S302、附件控制器接收到所述自检信号后，检测与其连接的附件继电器的状态是否正常，状态正常则进入步骤S303，否则自检失败，发送第二自检失败信息给FCU，执行步骤S305；S302. After receiving the self-test signal, the accessory controller detects whether the state of the accessory relay connected to it is normal, and if the state is normal, it goes to step S303, otherwise the self-test fails, and sends the second self-test failure information to the FCU, and executes step S305 ; S303、附件控制器控制与其连接的附件继电器闭合，以使电源给与其连接的附件传感器供电；S303, the accessory controller controls the accessory relay connected to it to close, so that the power supply supplies power to the accessory sensor connected to it; S304、附件传感器连接电源后将其初始值发送给对应的附件控制器，附件控制器接收到附件传感器的初始值后，判断附件传感器的初始值是否正常，当附件传感器的初始值均在正常范围时，自检成功，发送第二自检成功信息给FCU，执行步骤S305；否则自检失败，发送第二自检失败信息给FCU，执行步骤S305；S304. After the accessory sensor is connected to the power supply, it sends its initial value to the corresponding accessory controller. After receiving the initial value of the accessory sensor, the accessory controller determines whether the initial value of the accessory sensor is normal. When the initial value of the accessory sensor is in the normal range When the self-test is successful, send the second self-test success information to the FCU, and execute step S305; otherwise, the self-test fails, send the second self-test failure information to the FCU, and execute step S305; S305、FCU接收所述多个附件控制器的自检结果信息，自检结果信息包括第二自检成功信息或第二自检失败信息，当接收到所述多个附件控制器的自检结果信息均为第二自检成功信息时，生成第一自检成功信息，否则检测失败，生成第一自检失败信息。S305. The FCU receives the self-test result information of the multiple accessory controllers, where the self-test result information includes the second self-test success information or the second self-test failure information, when receiving the self-test results of the multiple accessory controllers When the information is the second self-test success information, the first self-test success information is generated; otherwise, the detection fails, and the first self-test failure information is generated. 3.根据权利要求1所述的氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，其特征在于，步骤S104中根据外界温度信息，控制氢燃料电池系统进行冷启动或者常温启动包括：3. The method for controlling power-on and startup of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein in step S104, according to the outside temperature information, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform a cold start or a normal temperature start comprises: 将外界温度信息与预设值进行比较，当外界温度大于预设值时，控制氢燃料电池系统进行常温启动，当外界温度不大于预设值时，控制氢燃料电池系统进行冷启动。The outside temperature information is compared with the preset value, and when the outside temperature is greater than the preset value, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to start at normal temperature, and when the outside temperature is not greater than the preset value, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to start cold. 4.根据权利要求3所述的氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S104中进行常温启动的步骤包括：4 . The method for controlling power-on and startup of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3 , wherein the step of performing normal temperature startup in the step S104 comprises: 5 . S401、动力电池向氢燃料电池系统高压附件供电；S401, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system; S402、启动水热管理系统；S402, start the water and heat management system; S403、启动氢气系统，进行吹扫；S403, start the hydrogen system and carry out purging; S404、启动空气系统，进行吹扫；S404, start the air system and carry out purging; S405、检测电堆单体电压，每个电堆单体电压均达到电压预设值后，电堆输出电能，启动成功。S405. Detect the voltage of the stack cells, and after the voltage of each stack cell reaches the voltage preset value, the stack outputs electric energy, and the startup is successful. 5.根据权利要求3所述的氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S104中进行冷启动的步骤包括：5. The method for controlling power-on and startup of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the step of performing a cold start in step S104 comprises: S501、动力电池向氢燃料电池系统高压附件供电；S501, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system; S502、启动水热管理系统，通过电推加热装置将电推加热至预设温度；S502, start the water and heat management system, and heat the electric push to a preset temperature through the electric push heating device; S503、启动氢气系统，进行吹扫；S503, start the hydrogen system and carry out purging; S504、启动空气系统，进行吹扫；S504, start the air system and carry out purging; S505、检测电堆单体电压，每个电堆单体电压均达到电压预设值后，电堆输出电能，启动成功。S505 , detecting the voltage of the stack cells, and after the voltage of each stack cell reaches the voltage preset value, the stack outputs electric energy, and the startup is successful. 6.根据权利要求1所述的氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，其特征在于，所述多个传感器包括空气进气流量传感器，空气入口温度压力传感器，空气出口温度压力传感器，入堆水温度压力传感器，出堆水温度传感器，氢气入堆压力传感器，分别用于检测氢燃料电池系统的空气进气流量、空气入口的温度和压力、空气出口的温度和压力、入堆水的温度和压力、出堆水的温度、氢气入堆压力。6 . The method for controlling power-on and startup of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprise an air intake flow sensor, an air inlet temperature and pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature and pressure sensor, The stack water temperature and pressure sensor, the stack water temperature sensor, and the hydrogen input pressure sensor are used to detect the air intake flow of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the temperature and pressure of the air inlet, the temperature and pressure of the air outlet, and the pressure of the water entering the stack. The temperature and pressure, the temperature of the water out of the reactor, the pressure of hydrogen into the reactor. 7.根据权利要求2所述的氢燃料电池系统上电及启动的控制方法，其特征在于，多个附件控制器包括空压机控制器、PTC控制器、氢循环泵控制器、循环水泵控制器，DC/DC控制器和电压检测模块控制器，空压机控制器、PTC控制器、氢循环泵控制器、循环水泵控制器，DC/DC控制器、电压检测模块控制器分别用于控制空压机、PTC、氢循环泵、循环水泵、DC/DC模块、电压检测模块；7. The method for controlling power-on and startup of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the multiple accessory controllers include an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump controller, and a circulating water pump controller. controller, DC/DC controller and voltage detection module controller, air compressor controller, PTC controller, hydrogen circulating pump controller, circulating water pump controller, DC/DC controller, voltage detection module controller are used to control Air compressor, PTC, hydrogen circulating pump, circulating water pump, DC/DC module, voltage detection module; 所述多个附件传感器包括第一转速传感器至第三转速传感器、第一电压传感器至第六电压传感器、第一电流传感器至第六电流传感器、第一温度传感器至第六电流温度传感器；电压检测模块包括第七电压传感器，第七电压传感器作为电压检测模块的附件传感器；The plurality of accessory sensors include a first rotational speed sensor to a third rotational speed sensor, a first voltage sensor to a sixth voltage sensor, a first current sensor to a sixth current sensor, a first temperature sensor to a sixth current temperature sensor; voltage detection The module includes a seventh voltage sensor, and the seventh voltage sensor is used as an accessory sensor of the voltage detection module; 第一转速传感器、第一电压传感器、第一电流传感器、第一温度传感器分别用于检测空压机的转速、电压、电流和温度；The first rotational speed sensor, the first voltage sensor, the first current sensor and the first temperature sensor are respectively used to detect the rotational speed, voltage, current and temperature of the air compressor; 第二转速传感器、第二电压传感器、第二电流传感器、第二温度传感器分别用于检测氢循环泵的转速、电压、电流和温度；The second rotational speed sensor, the second voltage sensor, the second current sensor, and the second temperature sensor are respectively used to detect the rotational speed, voltage, current and temperature of the hydrogen circulation pump; 第三转速传感器、第三电压传感器、第三电流传感器、第三温度传感器分别用于检测循环水泵的转速、电压、电流和温度；The third rotational speed sensor, the third voltage sensor, the third current sensor, and the third temperature sensor are respectively used to detect the rotational speed, voltage, current and temperature of the circulating water pump; 第四温度传感器、第五温度传感器、第四电流传感器、第四电压传感器分别用于检测PTC的入口温度、出口温度、电流和电压；The fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, the fourth current sensor, and the fourth voltage sensor are respectively used to detect the inlet temperature, outlet temperature, current and voltage of the PTC; 第五电流传感器、第六电流传感器、第五电压传感器、第六电压传感器、第六温度传感器，分别用于检测DC/DC模块的输入端电流、输出端电流、输入端电压、输出端电压和温度；The fifth current sensor, the sixth current sensor, the fifth voltage sensor, the sixth voltage sensor, and the sixth temperature sensor are respectively used to detect the input current, output current, input voltage, output voltage and temperature; 第七电压传感器，用于检测电堆单体电池的电压。The seventh voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage of the single cell of the stack.
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