CN112820907B - Control method for electrifying and starting hydrogen fuel cell system - Google Patents
Control method for electrifying and starting hydrogen fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for electrifying and starting a hydrogen fuel cell system, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a control system, the control system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system controller (FCU), and the control method comprises the following steps: the FCU acquires a wake-up signal and is woken up from a sleep state; the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform self-checking to obtain first self-checking result information; the FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-checking result information, and controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a standby state if the first self-checking result information shows that self-checking is successful; if the first self-checking result information indicates that the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state; when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state and the FCU receives a starting instruction of the VCU of the vehicle control unit, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to be started in a cold mode or in a normal temperature mode according to the external temperature information, and the safety and efficiency of power-on starting of the system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle uses hydrogen as fuel, and chemical energy of hydrogen-oxygen reaction is converted into electric energy through a fuel cell engine without combustion. Since the reaction product is only water, no harmful emissions are generated, and no cruising anxiety is generated compared with an electric automobile, the method is considered to be the final form of the new energy automobile.
The hydrogen fuel cell related art has been studied for a long time, but the research on the hydrogen fuel cell engine related art for vehicles is not yet mature. The patent application with publication number CN107199891A discloses a method for controlling the power on and power off of a fuel cell vehicle, which realizes the monitoring of the high-voltage state of the whole vehicle by a VCU. In the control system thereof, the fuel cell system is used as a range extender. The patent application publication No. CN111703336A discloses a power-off control system and a control method for a fuel cell vehicle, in which a fuel cell system high-voltage accessory is controlled by a VCU to be powered off.
In summary, there are currently fewer control methods involved in the power-up and start-up of hydrogen fuel cell systems, and most focus on the control of the VCU without effecting effective monitoring of the fuel cell system internals by the FCU.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell, which solves one or more technical problems in the prior art, and at least provides a useful choice or creation.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system, where the hydrogen fuel cell system includes a control system, the control system includes a hydrogen fuel cell system controller FCU, and the control method includes the following steps:
s101, the FCU acquires a wake-up signal and is awakened from a sleep state;
s102, the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out self-checking to obtain first self-checking result information;
s103, the FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-checking result information, and if the first self-checking result information shows that self-checking is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter a standby state; if the first self-checking result information indicates that the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state;
and S104, when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state and the FCU receives a starting instruction of the vehicle control unit VCU, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out cold start or normal-temperature start according to the external temperature information.
The control system further comprises an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay, a pile relay, a plurality of sensors and a plurality of accessory controllers, wherein the FCU is respectively connected with the FCU low-voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump relay, the pile relay, the sensors and the accessory controllers, the sensors are connected with a power supply by controlling the FCU low-voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump is connected with the power supply by controlling the auxiliary water pump relay, the pile relay is controlled to output electric energy, the sensors are used for detecting parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the accessory controllers are used for controlling accessories in the hydrogen fuel cell system; the first detection result information includes first self-test failure information and first self-test success information, and the step S102 includes:
s201, the FCU detects whether the states of an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay and a pile relay are normal or not, if the states are all normal, the step S202 is executed, and if the states are not normal, self-checking fails, first self-checking failure information is generated;
s202, the FCU controls to close the FCU low-voltage relay so that the power supply supplies power to the sensors and awakens the accessory controllers;
s203, the initial values of the sensors are sent to an FCU by the sensors, the FCU respectively obtains the initial values of the sensors, whether the initial values of the sensors are normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the sensors are in a normal range, the step S204 is carried out, and if not, self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
s204, the FCU communicates with the accessory controllers respectively, whether the communication is normal or not is detected, when the communication between the FCU and the accessory controllers is normal, the step S205 is carried out, and if the communication between the FCU and the accessory controllers is not normal, the detection is failed, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
s205, the FCU controls the accessory controllers to carry out self-checking, each accessory controller is successful in self-checking, first self-checking success information is generated, and otherwise, the self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated.
The control system further comprises a plurality of accessory sensors and a plurality of accessory relays, the number of the accessory relays is the same as that of the accessory controllers, the accessory relays are connected with the accessory controllers in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the accessory controllers are connected with at least one accessory sensor, the accessory controllers connect the at least one accessory sensor connected with the accessory relays to a power supply by controlling the accessory relays, and the accessory sensors are used for detecting the working states of accessories;
the step S205 includes:
s301, the FCU sends self-checking signals to the accessory controllers;
s302, after receiving the self-checking signal, the accessory controller detects whether the state of an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller is normal, if the state is normal, the step S303 is executed, otherwise, the self-checking fails, second self-checking failure information is sent to an FCU, and the step S305 is executed;
s303, the accessory controller controls an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller to be closed so that the power supply supplies power to an accessory sensor connected with the power supply;
s304, after the accessory sensor is connected with the power supply, the initial value of the accessory sensor is sent to the corresponding accessory controller, after the accessory controller receives the initial value of the accessory sensor, whether the initial value of the accessory sensor is normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the accessory sensor are in the normal range, the self-checking is successful, second self-checking success information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed; otherwise, the self-checking fails, a second self-checking failure message is sent to the FCU, and step S305 is executed;
s305, the FCU receives self-checking result information of the accessory controllers, the self-checking result information comprises second self-checking success information or second self-checking failure information, when the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is received, the first self-checking success information is generated, and if the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is the second self-checking success information, the first self-checking failure information is generated.
Further, the step S104 of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform cold start or normal temperature start according to the outside temperature information includes:
and comparing the outside temperature information with a preset value, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to start at normal temperature when the outside temperature is greater than the preset value, and controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to start at cold when the outside temperature is not greater than the preset value.
Further, the step of performing the normal temperature start in step S104 includes:
s401, the power battery supplies power to a high-voltage accessory of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
s402, starting a hydrothermal management system;
s403, starting a hydrogen system for purging;
s404, starting an air system for purging;
s405, detecting the voltage of the single cells of the galvanic pile, outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the voltage of each single cell of the galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value, and starting successfully.
Further, the step of performing cold start in step S104 includes:
s501, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
s502, starting a hydrothermal management system, and heating an electric push to a preset temperature through an electric push heating device;
s503, starting a hydrogen system and purging;
s504, starting an air system for purging;
and S505, detecting the voltage of the single cells of the galvanic pile, and outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the voltage of each galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value, so that the starting is successful.
Further, the plurality of sensors include an air intake flow sensor, an air inlet temperature pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature pressure sensor, a pile entering water temperature pressure sensor, a pile exiting water temperature sensor, and a hydrogen pile entering pressure sensor, which are respectively used for detecting the air intake flow, the air inlet temperature and pressure, the air outlet temperature and pressure, the pile entering water temperature and pressure, the pile exiting water temperature, and the hydrogen pile entering pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
Further, the plurality of accessory controllers comprise an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump controller, a circulating water pump controller, a DC/DC controller and a voltage detection module controller, wherein the air compressor controller, the PTC controller, the hydrogen circulating pump controller and the circulating water pump controller are respectively used for controlling the air compressor, the PTC, the hydrogen circulating pump, the circulating water pump, the DC/DC module and the voltage detection module controller;
the plurality of accessory sensors includes first to third speed sensors, first to sixth voltage sensors, first to sixth current sensors, first to sixth temperature sensors; the voltage detection module comprises a seventh voltage sensor which is used as an accessory sensor of the voltage detection module;
the first rotating speed sensor, the first voltage sensor, the first current sensor and the first temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the air compressor;
the second rotating speed sensor, the second voltage sensor, the second current sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the hydrogen circulating pump;
the third rotating speed sensor, the third voltage sensor, the third current sensor and the third temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the circulating water pump;
the fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, the fourth current sensor and the fourth voltage sensor are respectively used for detecting the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the current and the voltage of the PTC;
the fifth current sensor, the sixth current sensor, the fifth voltage sensor, the sixth voltage sensor and the sixth temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the input end current, the output end current, the input end voltage, the output end voltage and the temperature of the DC/DC module;
and the seventh voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of the single cell of the pile.
The embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out self-checking, and if the self-checking is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter a standby state; if the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state; and only when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state, the FCU receives a starting instruction of the VCU of the vehicle control unit, and controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out cold start or normal-temperature start according to the external temperature information. The FCU can effectively monitor the interior of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the safety and efficiency of power-on starting of the system are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling power-up and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a connection circuit diagram of a stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
It should be noted that although functional block divisions are provided in the system drawings and logical orders are shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown and described may be performed in different orders than the block divisions in the systems or in the flowcharts. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, and the drawings described above, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen fuel cell system includes a control system, the control system includes a hydrogen fuel cell system controller FCU, an FCU low voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay, a stack relay, a plurality of sensors, and a plurality of accessory controllers, the FCU is connected with the FCU low voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump relay, the stack relay, the plurality of sensors, and the plurality of accessory controllers, respectively, wherein the auxiliary water pump is used for cooling the air compressor, the plurality of sensors are connected to the power supply by controlling the FCU low voltage relay, the power supply is a 12V battery, the 12V battery is connected to the FCU through the FCU low voltage relay, and when the FCU low voltage relay is closed, the FCU converts the 12V voltage into a 5V voltage to be supplied to the plurality of sensors, so that the plurality of sensors are powered on.
The auxiliary water pump is connected to a power supply by controlling the auxiliary water pump relay, the electric pile is controlled to output electric energy by controlling the electric pile relay, the sensors are used for detecting parameters of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and the accessory controllers are used for controlling accessories in the hydrogen fuel cell system.
The sensors comprise an air inlet flow sensor, an air inlet temperature pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature pressure sensor, a reactor entering water temperature pressure sensor, a reactor exiting water temperature sensor and a hydrogen reactor entering pressure sensor which are respectively used for detecting the air inlet flow, the air inlet temperature and pressure, the air outlet temperature and pressure, the reactor entering water temperature and pressure, the reactor exiting water temperature and the hydrogen reactor entering pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
The plurality of accessory controllers comprise an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump controller, a DC/DC controller and a voltage detection module controller.
Fig. 2 provides a control method for power-up and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system, the control method comprising the steps of:
s101, the FCU acquires a wake-up signal and is awakened from a sleep state;
the wake-up signal may be a key signal or a VCU control signal. As shown in fig. 1, the 12V battery is connected to the FCU through an ignition switch, and when a key signal is received, the ignition switch is closed and the FCU is awakened.
S102, the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform self-checking to obtain first self-checking result information;
s103, the FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-checking result information, and if the first self-checking result information shows that self-checking is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter a standby state; if the first self-checking result information indicates that the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state;
the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to return to the dormant state to disconnect the FCU low-voltage relay to achieve power-off of the low-voltage load and control the accessory controller to sleep, and the low-voltage load refers to the auxiliary water pump and the sensor controlled by the FCU.
And S104, when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state and the FCU receives a starting instruction of the VCU, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to be started in a cold mode or in a normal temperature mode according to the external temperature information.
And when the external temperature is not greater than the preset value, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to be started at normal temperature.
Further, the first detection result information includes first self-test failure information and first self-test success information, and the step 102 includes:
s201, the FCU detects whether the states of an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay and a pile relay are normal or not, if the states are normal, the step S202 is carried out, and if the states are not normal, self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
detecting whether the contacts of the relay are adhered to judge whether the relay is normal, and if the contacts of the relay are adhered to each other, the self-checking fails; if the relay contact is not stuck, the process proceeds to step S202.
S202, the FCU controls to close the FCU low-voltage relay so that the power supply supplies power to the plurality of sensors and awakens the plurality of accessory controllers;
the power supply is a 12V storage battery, the 12V storage battery is connected with the FCU through the FCU low-voltage relay, when the FCU controls the FCU low-voltage relay to be closed, the FCU converts 12V voltage into 5V voltage to be supplied to the plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors are powered on, and when the FCU controls the FCU low-voltage relay to be closed, a wake-up signal is sent to the plurality of accessory controllers to wake up the plurality of accessory controllers.
S203, the initial values of the sensors are sent to an FCU by the sensors, the FCU respectively obtains the initial values of the sensors, whether the initial values of the sensors are normal or not is judged, the step S204 is carried out when the initial values of the sensors are in a normal range, and otherwise, self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
specifically, the initial values of the plurality of sensors refer to an air intake flow rate sensor, an air inlet temperature pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature pressure sensor, a reactor-entering water temperature pressure sensor, a reactor-exiting water temperature sensor, and an air intake flow rate initial value, an air inlet temperature and pressure initial value, an air outlet temperature and pressure initial value, a reactor-entering water temperature and pressure initial value, a reactor-exiting water temperature initial value, and a hydrogen reactor-entering pressure initial value which are respectively detected by the hydrogen reactor-entering pressure sensor. If any initial value is not in the normal range, the self-check fails.
S204, the FCU communicates with the accessory controllers respectively, whether the communication is normal or not is detected, when the communication between the FCU and the accessory controllers is normal, the step 2.5 is carried out, and otherwise, the detection fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated.
Specifically, signal interaction is carried out between the FCU and the hydrogen fuel cell system accessory controller through CAN communication, the FCU broadcasts signals to a hydrogen fuel cell system communication network, each accessory controller feeds back the signals to the FCU after receiving the signals, if the FCU receives the feedback signals of each accessory controller, the communication is normal, otherwise, the self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated
S205, the FCU controls the multiple accessory controllers to carry out self-checking, each accessory controller is successful in self-checking, first self-checking success information is generated, and otherwise, first self-checking failure information is generated when the self-checking fails.
The control system further comprises a plurality of accessory sensors and a plurality of accessory relays (not shown in fig. 1), wherein the number of the accessory relays is the same as that of the accessory controllers, the accessory relays are correspondingly connected with the accessory controllers one by one, the accessory controllers are connected with at least one accessory sensor, the accessory controllers connect the at least one accessory sensor connected with the accessory relays into a power supply by controlling the accessory relays, and the accessory sensors are used for detecting the working states of the accessories; the accessory controller monitors an operating state of an accessory of the hydrogen fuel cell system via the at least one accessory sensor,
the step S205 includes:
s301, the FCU sends self-checking signals to the accessory controllers;
the FCU and the hydrogen fuel cell system accessory controller are in signal interaction through CAN communication.
S302, after receiving the self-checking signal, the accessory controller detects whether the state of the accessory controller connected to the accessory relay is normal, if the state is normal, the step S303 is executed, otherwise, the self-checking fails, second self-checking failure information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed;
the accessory controller detects whether the contacts of the relay are adhered to judge whether the relay is normal, and if the contacts of the relay are adhered to each other, the self-checking fails; if the relay contact is not stuck, the process proceeds to step S305.
S303, the accessory controller controls an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller to be closed so that the power supply supplies power to an accessory sensor connected with the power supply;
the power supply is a 12V storage battery, the 12V storage battery is connected with the accessory controller through the accessory relay, and when the accessory relay is controlled to be closed by the accessory controller, the accessory controller converts 12V voltage into 5V voltage to be supplied to the accessory sensor connected with the accessory controller, so that the accessory sensor is connected with the power supply.
S304, after the accessory sensor is connected with the power supply, the initial value of the accessory sensor is sent to the corresponding accessory controller, after the accessory controller receives the initial value of the accessory sensor, whether the initial value of the accessory sensor is normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the accessory sensor are in the normal range, the self-checking is successful, second self-checking success information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed; otherwise, the self-checking fails, a second self-checking failure message is sent to the FCU, and step S305 is executed;
specifically, when the accessory controller is connected to a plurality of accessory sensors, the self-test is calculated to be successful only when the mean value of the initial values of all the accessory sensors connected to the accessory controller is within a normal range.
S305, the FCU receives self-checking result information of the accessory controllers, the self-checking result information comprises second self-checking success information or second self-checking failure information, when the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is received, the first self-checking success information is generated, and if the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is the second self-checking success information, the first self-checking failure information is generated.
Specifically, the FCU considers that the self-test is successful only if the self-test result information sent by each accessory controller is the second self-test success information, and generates the first self-test success information.
The plurality of accessory controllers comprise an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulating pump controller, a circulating water pump controller, a DC/DC controller and a voltage detection module controller, the plurality of accessories comprise an air compressor, a PTC, a hydrogen circulating pump, a circulating water pump, a DC/DC module and a voltage detection module, and the air compressor controller, the PTC controller, the hydrogen circulating pump controller, the circulating water pump controller, the DC/DC controller and the voltage detection module controller are respectively used for controlling the air compressor, the PTC, the hydrogen circulating pump, the circulating water pump, the DC/DC module and the voltage detection module;
the air compressor machine is used for carrying out air compression, and hydrogen circulating pump is used for carrying out the hydrogen circulation, and circulating water pump is used for carrying out the hydrologic cycle, and voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of galvanic pile battery cell, and DC/DC module carries out voltage conversion with the voltage of galvanic pile output, and PTC is used for preheating the galvanic pile.
The plurality of accessory sensors includes first to third speed sensors, first to sixth voltage sensors, first to sixth current sensors, first to sixth temperature sensors; the voltage detection module comprises a seventh voltage sensor which is used as an accessory sensor of the voltage detection module;
the first rotating speed sensor, the first voltage sensor, the first current sensor and the first temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the air compressor;
the second rotating speed sensor, the second voltage sensor, the second current sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the hydrogen circulating pump;
and the third rotating speed sensor, the third voltage sensor, the third current sensor and the third temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the circulating water pump.
The fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, the fourth current sensor and the fourth voltage sensor are respectively used for detecting the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the current and the voltage of the PTC;
the fifth current sensor, the sixth current sensor, the fifth voltage sensor, the sixth voltage sensor and the sixth temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the input end current, the output end current, the input end voltage, the output end voltage and the temperature of the DC/DC module;
and the seventh voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of the single cell of the pile.
Further, the step of performing the normal temperature start in step S104 includes:
s401, the power battery supplies power to a high-voltage accessory of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
the high-voltage accessories comprise an air compressor, a PTC, a hydrogen circulating pump and a circulating water pump, the FCU commands the DCDC controller to close a high-voltage accessory relay through CAN communication, and the high-voltage accessory relay comprises a pre-charging relay K3 and a main relay K4, as shown in figure 3. The pre-charge relay K3 is first closed, and the main relay K4 is closed up to a preset time T1. Closing K4 for a preset time T2 opens pre-charge relay K3.
S402, starting a hydrothermal management system;
s403, starting a hydrogen system for purging;
s404, starting an air system for purging;
as shown in fig. 4, the hydrogen fuel cell system includes a water heat management system, a hydrogen system, and an air system, the water heat management system includes a circulating water pump, a PTC, a radiator, and a thermostat; the hydrogen system comprises a hydrogen circulating pump, an air inlet valve, a pressure reducing valve and a tail exhaust valve; the air system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier.
And starting the hydrothermal management system to ensure that the galvanic pile has proper temperature in the starting process, starting the hydrogen system to purge, removing a hydrogen-air interface as soon as possible, and reducing corrosion of the galvanic pile. And starting an air system for purging, removing redundant water in the galvanic pile and establishing air pressure.
S405, detecting the cell voltage of the cell stack, outputting electric energy by the cell stack after the cell voltage of each cell stack reaches a preset voltage value V1, and starting successfully.
The stack outputs power requiring the FCU to control the stack relay to close. As shown in fig. 3, the stack relay includes a pre-charge relay K1 and a main relay K3, and the step of closing the stack relay includes: the pre-charge relay K1 is first closed, and the main relay K2 is closed up to a preset time T3. Closing K2 for a preset time T4 opens pre-charge relay K1.
The step of performing cold start in step S104 includes:
and S501, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
S502, starting a hydrothermal management system, and heating an electric push to a preset temperature through an electric push heating device;
when the outside temperature is not greater than the preset value, the heater PTC is needed to be started for cold start, and the electric pile is preheated to the preset temperature T.
And S503, starting a hydrogen system and purging.
And S504, starting an air system and purging.
And S505, detecting the cell voltage of the galvanic pile, and outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the cell voltage of each galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value V1 to successfully start.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control method for power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell system comprises a control system, the control system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell system controller FCU, and the control method comprises the following steps:
s101, the FCU acquires a wake-up signal and is woken up from a sleep state;
s102, the FCU controls the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform self-checking to obtain first self-checking result information;
s103, the FCU controls the state of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the first self-checking result information, and if the first self-checking result information shows that self-checking is successful, the hydrogen fuel cell system is controlled to enter a standby state; if the first self-checking result information indicates that the self-checking fails, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to enter a dormant state;
s104, when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in a standby state and the FCU receives a starting instruction of the VCU of the vehicle control unit, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to carry out cold start or normal-temperature start according to external temperature information;
the control system further comprises an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay, a pile relay, a plurality of sensors and a plurality of accessory controllers, wherein the FCU is respectively connected with the FCU low-voltage relay, the auxiliary water pump relay, the pile relay, the sensors and the accessory controllers; the first detection result information includes first self-test failure information and first self-test success information, and the step S102 includes:
s201, the FCU detects whether the states of an FCU low-voltage relay, an auxiliary water pump relay and a pile relay are normal or not, if the states are all normal, the step S202 is executed, and if the states are not normal, self-checking fails, first self-checking failure information is generated;
s202, the FCU controls to close the FCU low-voltage relay so that the power supply supplies power to the sensors and awakens the accessory controllers;
s203, the initial values of the sensors are sent to an FCU by the sensors, the FCU respectively obtains the initial values of the sensors, whether the initial values of the sensors are normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the sensors are in a normal range, the step S204 is carried out, and if not, self-checking fails, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
s204, the FCU communicates with the accessory controllers respectively, whether the communication is normal or not is detected, when the communication between the FCU and the accessory controllers is normal, the step S205 is carried out, and if the communication is not normal, the detection is failed, and first self-checking failure information is generated;
s205, the FCU controls the accessory controllers to carry out self-checking, each accessory controller is successful in self-checking, first self-checking success information is generated, and otherwise, first self-checking failure information is generated when the self-checking fails.
2. The power-on and start-up control method for the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the control system further comprises a plurality of accessory sensors, a plurality of accessory relays, the number of the plurality of accessory relays is the same as that of the plurality of accessory controllers, the accessory relays are connected to the accessory controllers in a one-to-one correspondence, the accessory controllers are connected to at least one of the accessory sensors, the accessory controllers connect the at least one of the accessory sensors connected thereto to the power supply by controlling the accessory relays, and the plurality of accessory sensors are used for detecting the operating states of the accessories;
the step S205 includes:
s301, the FCU sends self-checking signals to the accessory controllers;
s302, after receiving the self-checking signal, the accessory controller detects whether the state of an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller is normal, if the state is normal, the step S303 is executed, otherwise, the self-checking fails, second self-checking failure information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed;
s303, the accessory controller controls an accessory relay connected with the accessory controller to be closed so that the power supply supplies power to an accessory sensor connected with the power supply;
s304, after the accessory sensor is connected with the power supply, the initial value of the accessory sensor is sent to the corresponding accessory controller, after the accessory controller receives the initial value of the accessory sensor, whether the initial value of the accessory sensor is normal or not is judged, when the initial values of the accessory sensor are in the normal range, the self-checking is successful, second self-checking success information is sent to the FCU, and the step S305 is executed; otherwise, the self-checking fails, a second self-checking failure message is sent to the FCU, and step S305 is executed;
s305, the FCU receives self-checking result information of the accessory controllers, the self-checking result information comprises second self-checking success information or second self-checking failure information, when the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is received, the first self-checking success information is generated, and if the self-checking result information of the accessory controllers is the second self-checking success information, the first self-checking failure information is generated.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step S104 of controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to perform cold start or normal temperature start according to the outside temperature information comprises:
and comparing the outside temperature information with a preset value, controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to start at normal temperature when the outside temperature is greater than the preset value, and controlling the hydrogen fuel cell system to start at cold when the outside temperature is not greater than the preset value.
4. A method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system in accordance with claim 3, wherein the step of performing normal temperature start-up in step S104 comprises:
s401, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
s402, starting a hydrothermal management system;
s403, starting a hydrogen system for purging;
s404, starting an air system for purging;
s405, detecting the voltage of the single cells of the galvanic pile, outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the voltage of each single cell of the galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value, and starting successfully.
5. A method for controlling power-on and start-up of a hydrogen fuel cell system in accordance with claim 3, wherein the step of performing a cold start in step S104 comprises:
s501, the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage accessories of the hydrogen fuel cell system;
s502, starting a hydrothermal management system, and heating an electric push to a preset temperature through an electric push heating device;
s503, starting a hydrogen system and purging;
s504, starting an air system for purging;
and S505, detecting the voltage of the single cells of the galvanic pile, outputting electric energy by the galvanic pile after the voltage of each single cell of the galvanic pile reaches a preset voltage value, and starting successfully.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sensors includes an air intake flow sensor, an air inlet temperature pressure sensor, an air outlet temperature pressure sensor, a stack water temperature sensor, and a hydrogen stack pressure sensor, respectively, for detecting the air intake flow, the air inlet temperature and pressure, the air outlet temperature and pressure, the stack water temperature, and the hydrogen stack pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
7. The power-on and start-up control method for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of accessory controllers include an air compressor controller, a PTC controller, a hydrogen circulation pump controller, a DC/DC controller and a voltage detection module controller, the air compressor controller, the PTC controller, the hydrogen circulation pump controller, the DC/DC controller and the voltage detection module controller are respectively used for controlling the air compressor, the PTC, the hydrogen circulation pump, the DC/DC module and the voltage detection module;
the plurality of accessory sensors includes first to third speed sensors, first to sixth voltage sensors, first to sixth current sensors, first to sixth temperature sensors; the voltage detection module comprises a seventh voltage sensor which is used as an accessory sensor of the voltage detection module;
the first rotating speed sensor, the first voltage sensor, the first current sensor and the first temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the air compressor;
the second rotating speed sensor, the second voltage sensor, the second current sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the hydrogen circulating pump;
the third rotating speed sensor, the third voltage sensor, the third current sensor and the third temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the rotating speed, the voltage, the current and the temperature of the circulating water pump;
the fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature sensor, the fourth current sensor and the fourth voltage sensor are respectively used for detecting the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the current and the voltage of the PTC;
the fifth current sensor, the sixth current sensor, the fifth voltage sensor, the sixth voltage sensor and the sixth temperature sensor are respectively used for detecting the input end current, the output end current, the input end voltage, the output end voltage and the temperature of the DC/DC module;
and the seventh voltage sensor is used for detecting the voltage of the single cell of the pile.
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