CN115848192A - Emergency power supply vehicle for gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell and control method thereof - Google Patents
Emergency power supply vehicle for gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle and a control method thereof, aiming at solving the related technical problems in the scenes of emergency power protection, temporary power supply, flexible power utilization and the like to a certain extent. The system has the following characteristics: is compact. The system comprises gas-solid composite hydrogen storage, PEM power and power generation, a SiC multi-port converter and a thermoelectric coupling design, and the whole module is designed by complete equipment thinking, has high volume density and is suitable for mobile application and deployment. The system has the advantages of high safety, no high-pressure hydrogen storage link, ultra-fast physical detection of hydrogen concentration and passive fast protection, the maximum hydrogen pressure of the whole vehicle is below 3.5MPa, annual inspection and maintenance are not needed as high-pressure capacity, and the energy storage efficiency is improved without a high-pressure pump. The disaster recovery type has the advantages that the hydrogen storage capacity can be fully operated for more than a plurality of hours, the disaster recovery capability is supported in multiple aspects of power supply, hydrogen supply and oxygen supply, and the standby time can be adjusted according to the situation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power and power generation integrated technology of a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle, in particular to a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle and a control method thereof.
Background
The emergency power supply vehicle is mainly used in multifunctional energy storage and power conservation scenes and becomes an indispensable part of important occasions such as industrial enterprises, building construction, emergency rescue and relief work, hospitals, schools, communication, military industry, meetings and the like. The fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle takes hydrogen and oxygen as raw materials, directly generates electric energy through chemical reaction, is clean and environment-friendly in the power generation process, and is widely adopted. However, since the hydrogen storage module on the power supply vehicle needs a high-pressure bottle, a great potential safety hazard exists, and the development of the hydrogen storage module is greatly influenced.
In the prior art of hydrogen energy emergency power vehicles, a "emergency power vehicle based on hydrogen energy power supply and a power supply control method thereof" disclosed in the Chinese patent literature has the following publication numbers: CN114221425A, which includes a mobile vehicle, and provides a mobile carrier for emergency power supply; the container power supply device is powered by hydrogen energy, is used as an emergency power supply to provide first power supply power for a load or charge the chassis power supply device, and is arranged on the mobile vehicle; the chassis power supply device is internally provided with an energy storage battery, is used for providing low-voltage electricity and second power supply power for the load and balancing the power supply output of the container power supply device, and is connected with the container power supply device in parallel; the inverter is used for converting the first power supply power and the second power supply power into alternating current used by a load and respectively connected with the container power supply device and the chassis power supply device; the container power supply device supplies power through the energy storage batteries simultaneously, and performs balance adjustment on the output power of the container power supply device, so that the power supply voltage output by the inverter is stabilized at 380V, the power supply of the whole emergency power supply vehicle is more stable, and the fluctuation of single hydrogen energy power supply is reduced. The hydrogen energy emergency power supply vehicle is used for supplying power for major occasions such as emergency rescue, disaster relief and hospitals, and is low in safety due to the fact that the high-pressure hydrogen tank is used as hydrogen storage equipment.
An emergency rescue fuel cell powered charging car and a control method thereof disclosed in Chinese patent literature, the publication number of which is as follows: CN114834287A, including a vehicle running system and a power generation and supply system, wherein the vehicle running system includes a vehicle speed adjusting module and a power battery module; the power generation and supply system comprises a fuel cell module, an external charging module and a three-phase power supply module; the power supply charging vehicle is also provided with a switch control module, and the vehicle speed adjusting module, the power battery module, the fuel battery module, the external charging module and the three-phase power supply module are all electrically connected with the switch control module; the invention relates to a power supply charging vehicle control method which comprises a driving mode, a charging mode and a power supply mode, wherein the driving mode and the power supply charging mode are independent, the electric energy is saved, and the power supply charging stability of a system is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the safety defect of the existing emergency power supply vehicle, the invention aims to provide a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle and a control method thereof, and aims to solve the related technical problems in the scenes of emergency power protection, temporary power supply, flexible power utilization and the like to a certain extent. The system has the following characteristics: is compact. The system comprises gas-solid composite hydrogen storage, PEM power and power generation, a SiC multi-port converter and a thermoelectric coupling design, and the whole module is designed by complete equipment thinking, has high volume density and is suitable for mobile application and deployment. High safety. The system has no high-pressure hydrogen storage link, ultra-fast physical detection of hydrogen concentration and passive fast protection, the maximum hydrogen pressure of the whole vehicle is below 3.5MPa, annual inspection and maintenance are not required to be carried out as high-pressure capacity, and the energy storage efficiency is improved without a high-pressure pump. Disaster recovery type. The hydrogen storage capacity can be fully operated for more than a plurality of hours, the disaster recovery capability can be supported in various aspects of power supply, hydrogen supply and oxygen supply, and the standby duration can be adjusted according to the situation.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle comprises a vehicle driving system ((1)), a storage battery system ((2)), a hydrogen fuel cell system ((3)) and an emergency power supply system ((4));
the vehicle running system ((1)) comprises a trolley speed regulating system, a trolley energy controller and a whole vehicle auxiliary system; the electric car auxiliary system is used for realizing the functions of power steering, vehicle-mounted information display, air conditioning, lighting, defrosting and a wiper of the electric car;
the battery system ((2)) comprises a battery module and a battery energy management module; the storage battery energy management module is connected with the storage battery module; the output of the storage battery system is connected with a first direct current bus (DCBUS 1);
the hydrogen fuel cell system (3) comprises a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell stack, a DC/DC converter, a heat exchanger and a fuel cell controller; the hydrogen storage module comprises two modes of gaseous hydrogen storage and solid hydrogen storage; the fuel cell stack is used for converting the chemical energy of the hydrogen into electric energy; the DC/DC converter is used for boosting the voltage of the fuel cell to the rated voltage required by the motor of the vehicle, and the output side of the DC/DC converter is connected with a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the heat exchanger is used for realizing charge and discharge and heat cyclic utilization of solid-state hydrogen storage; the fuel cell controller is used for controlling the switching between the solid hydrogen storage tank and the gaseous hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen release speed;
the direct current bus comprises a first direct current bus (DCBUS 1) and a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2);
the emergency power supply system ((4)) comprises a DC/AC inverter, an emergency power grid, a quick direct current charging port and an emergency power controller; the DC/AC inverter is used for inverting the DC bus voltage into AC power for supplying to an emergency power grid; the quick direct-current charging port is used for directly and quickly charging a direct-current load by a direct-current bus; the emergency power supply controller is used for controlling voltage, current and power which are sent to an emergency power grid by the direct current bus.
The emergency power supply vehicle comprises a vehicle running system (1), a storage battery system (2), a hydrogen fuel cell system (3) and an emergency power supply system (4).
The vehicle running system comprises an electric vehicle speed regulating system, an electric vehicle energy controller and a whole vehicle auxiliary system; the electric car speed regulating system is used for controlling starting, accelerating and braking of a vehicle, the electric car energy controller is used for controlling energy distribution of the storage battery and the fuel cell when the vehicle runs, and the whole car auxiliary system is used for realizing functions of power steering, vehicle-mounted information display, air conditioning, lighting, defrosting, a wiper and the like of the electric car.
The storage battery system comprises a storage battery module and a storage battery energy management module, and the storage battery system is mainly used for energy supply needing quick response and comprises an electric car starting system, a whole car auxiliary system, an electric car energy controller, a fuel battery controller and an emergency power supply controller. The output of the storage battery system is connected with a direct current bus DCBUS1. The storage battery includes but is not limited to lithium battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, lead-acid battery.
The hydrogen fuel cell system includes a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell stack, a DC/DC converter, a heat exchanger, and a fuel cell controller. The hydrogen storage module comprises two modes of gas hydrogen storage and solid hydrogen storage; the fuel cell stack is used for converting the chemical energy of the hydrogen into electric energy; the DC/DC converter is used for boosting the voltage of the fuel cell to the rated voltage required by the motor of the vehicle, and the output side of the DC/DC converter is connected with a direct current bus DCBUS2; the heat exchanger is used for realizing charge and discharge and heat cyclic utilization of solid-state hydrogen storage; the fuel cell controller is used for controlling the switching between the solid hydrogen storage tank and the gaseous hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen release speed.
The emergency power supply system comprises a DC/AC inverter, an emergency power grid, a rapid direct-current charging port and an emergency power supply controller. The DC/AC inverter is used for inverting the DC bus voltage into AC power for supplying to an emergency power grid; the quick direct-current charging port is used for directly and quickly charging a direct-current load by a direct-current bus; the emergency power supply controller is used for controlling voltage, current and power which are sent to an emergency power grid by the direct current bus.
In the four systems, each system is provided with a switch control unit, and the energy is controlled by a respective controller. The switch control unit of the emergency power supply vehicle comprises a switch K1, a switch K2, a switch K3, a switch K4, a switch K5, a switch K6, a switch K7 and a switch K8. Referring to fig. 1, a switch control structure in an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The switch K1 is connected with the motor driver and a direct current bus DCBUS2 output by the fuel cell system, and can control the on-off of the circuit of the electric car speed regulating system and the direct current bus DCBUS2; the switch K2 is connected with the motor driver and the direct current bus DCBUS1 output by the storage battery, and can control the circuit connection and disconnection between the electric car speed regulating system and the direct current bus DCBUS 1; the switch K3 is connected with the storage battery module and the direct current bus DCBUS2, and can control the on-off of the circuit of the storage battery module and the direct current bus DCBUS2 so as to control whether the fuel cell charges the storage battery or not; the switch K4 is connected with a heat exchanger of the fuel cell system and the direct current bus DCBUS2 and controls the on-off of a circuit of the heat exchanger and the direct current bus DCBUS2; the switch K5 is connected with a heat exchanger of the fuel cell system and the direct current bus DCBUS1 and controls the on-off of a circuit of the heat exchanger and the direct current bus DCBUS 1; the switch K6 is connected with a solid hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system to control the on-off of the gas paths of the fuel cell stack and the solid hydrogen storage tank; the switch K7 is connected with a gaseous hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system to control the on-off of the gas paths of the fuel cell stack and the gaseous hydrogen storage tank; the switch K8 is connected with a DC/AC inverter of the emergency power supply and the DC bus DCBUS2, and controls the on-off of the DC bus DCBUS2 and the emergency power supply system.
The invention also provides a control method of the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle, wherein the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle is in a running mode, and the control method comprises the following steps:
in the running mode, external charging and power supply are forbidden, the eighth switch (K8) is kept disconnected, the storage battery module firstly supplies power to the speed regulating system, each controller module, the heat exchanger and the whole vehicle auxiliary system of the electric vehicle, and the fuel cell system is in a starting stage until the DC/DC converter stably outputs power; in the normal running process, the fuel cell module supplies power to the speed regulating system of the electric car, and the storage battery module supplies power to each controller module and the auxiliary system of the whole car;
when starting, the solid hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system need time to establish stable voltage output of a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the second switch (K2), the fifth switch (K5) and the gas circuit seventh switch (K7) are closed, and the first switch (K1), the third switch (K3), the fourth switch (K4), the gas circuit sixth switch (K6) and the eighth switch (K8) are disconnected; the storage battery module independently supplies power, adjusts a motor driver, adjusts a transmission and realizes the starting of the vehicle; the storage battery module supplies power to a heating loop of the heat exchanger, and then the solid-state hydrogen storage module is controlled to release hydrogen until the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value; the seventh switch (K7) is closed, the gaseous hydrogen storage module starts to supply power to the fuel cell stack until the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a switching threshold value;
the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value before the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank; when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value, the first switch (K1) is closed, the second switch (K2) is opened, and the fuel cell module supplies power to the electric car speed regulating system; closing the fourth switch (K4), opening the fifth switch (K5), and supplying power to the heating loop of the heat exchanger module by the fuel cell module; the seventh switch (K7) is kept closed, the third switch (K3) and the eighth switch (K8) are disconnected, and the sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit is disconnected;
after the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value, closing a sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit, opening a seventh switch (K7) of the gas circuit, keeping the first switch (K1) and the fourth switch (K4) closed, and keeping the second switch (K2), the fifth switch (K5) and the eighth switch (K8) open; whether the third switch (K3) is switched on or not is determined by the state of charge (SOC) of the storage battery;
in a running mode that the first switch (K1) and the gas path sixth switch (K6) are closed, if the SOC of the storage battery is lower than a set threshold value, the third switch (K3) is closed, the load connected to the storage battery module is switched to the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2), the power is supplied by the fuel cell, and meanwhile, the storage battery is charged by the fuel cell.
The invention also provides a control method of the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle, wherein the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle is in an emergency power supply mode, and the control method comprises the following steps: in the emergency power supply mode, the vehicle is static, the storage battery module and the fuel cell module forbid supplying power to the speed regulating system of the electric vehicle, the first switch (K1) is turned off, and the second switch (K2) is turned off;
the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system need time to establish stable voltage output of a second direct current BUS (DC BUS 2); when the emergency power supply mode is in, the fifth switch (K5) and the air path seventh switch (K7) are closed, and the first switch (K1), the second switch (K2), the fourth switch (K4), the eighth switch (K8) and the air path sixth switch (K6) are disconnected; the storage battery module supplies power to a heating loop of the heat exchanger, so that the solid-state hydrogen storage module is controlled to begin to release hydrogen until the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value; the seventh switch (K7) is closed, and the gaseous hydrogen storage module starts to supply power to the fuel cell stack until the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a switching threshold value;
when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value, an eighth switch (K8) is closed, and the fuel cell module supplies power to the emergency power supply system; closing the fourth switch (K4), opening the fifth switch (K5), and supplying power to the heating loop of the heat exchanger module by the fuel cell module; the seventh switch (K7) is kept closed, the third switch (K3) is disconnected, and the sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit is disconnected;
after the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value, closing a sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit, opening a seventh switch (K7) of the gas circuit, keeping a fourth switch (K4) and an eighth switch (K8) closed, and keeping a first switch (K1), a second switch (K2), a third switch (K3) and a fifth switch (K5) open;
when the system works in an emergency power supply mode, if the SOC of the storage battery is lower than a set threshold value, the third switch (K3) is closed, the load connected to the storage battery module is switched to the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2), the fuel battery supplies power, and meanwhile, the fuel battery charges the storage battery.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) The hybrid power of the storage battery and the fuel cell ensures that the electric car has higher dynamic response capability, reduces the charging times of the storage battery and reduces the required capacity of the storage battery. When the electric car is changed from a parking mode to a starting mode, the storage battery supplies power to the electric car speed regulating system; after the vehicle is started, the fuel cell is switched to supply power to the speed regulating system of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle is in a normal running mode, and the charging of an emergency power supply is forbidden during running; when the speed regulating system of the electric car is powered off, controlling the power supply system of the external emergency power supply to be powered on, so that the emergency power supply car is allowed to be internally or externally charged during the parking period; the power for charging the emergency power supply is realized by adjusting the DC/DC converter and the DC/AC inverter. The control mode ensures that the main power of the vehicle in the running mode comes from the fuel cell, the storage battery is mainly responsible for supplying power when the electric vehicle is started, and simultaneously continuously supplies power to the auxiliary system of the electric vehicle, thereby ensuring that the electric vehicle has higher dynamic response and reducing the capacity of the required storage battery.
2) The fuel cell hydrogen storage module adopts gas-solid composite hydrogen storage, the dynamic response capability of the fuel cell during starting is improved by utilizing the characteristic of high hydrogen storage and discharge speed of gaseous hydrogen, and after starting, hydrogen required by the fuel cell is supplied by solid hydrogen storage, so that the volume and pressure of a gaseous hydrogen storage tank are reduced, and the potential safety hazard of a fuel cell vehicle is eliminated. The solid-state hydrogen storage has the characteristics of large hydrogen storage density and small hydrogen charging pressure and hydrogen supply pressure, and the specific solid-state hydrogen storage mode such as titanium alloy hydrogen storage can greatly reduce the pressure and occupied space of a hydrogen storage tank, reduce the volume and improve the safety. However, hydrogen charging and discharging of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank requires a heat exchange process, and heat absorption is required during hydrogen supply, and the dynamic response capability is poor, so that the mixed gas hydrogen storage tank is required to supply fast and stable hydrogen gas when the fuel cell is started. Compared with the traditional scheme, due to the existence of the solid hydrogen storage module, the gaseous hydrogen storage module only supplies hydrogen when the fuel cell is started, and does not need larger capacity and pressure.
3) The heat exchanger can realize waste heat utilization and fuel cell heat circulation of a vehicle. When the vehicle is in a driving mode, the motor can generate heat; when the fuel cell supplies power to the outside, the DC/DC converter generates heat; the solid hydrogen storage tank needs to absorb heat when supplying hydrogen; the heat generated by the motor and the DC/DC converter during operation is provided to the solid hydrogen storage tank through the medium in the heat exchanger, so that the energy requirement of the heating module in the heat exchanger is reduced, and the utilization rate is improved. In addition, the solid hydrogen storage tank can release heat during hydrogen charging, and the heat exchanger can realize the thermal cycle of the solid hydrogen storage tank.
4) The main electric energy sources for supplying power to the electric car speed regulating system, the heat exchanger and the emergency power supply in the emergency power supply car are all fuel cells, and the storage battery is used for temporarily supplying power to the electric car speed regulating system and the heat exchanger in order to ensure the rapid dynamic response capability in the starting process of the fuel cells. The whole vehicle auxiliary system of the vehicle comprises power steering of the electric vehicle, vehicle-mounted information display, an air conditioner, lighting, defrosting, a wiper and the like, and the normal work needs to be ensured when the vehicle does not run, and the power needs to be continuously supplied by a storage battery. In addition, the controller of the whole vehicle, including the electric vehicle energy controller, the fuel cell controller and the emergency power supply controller, also needs higher dynamic response capability and uninterrupted power supply and is also directly connected to the storage battery module. Only when the state of charge SOC of the battery is below the threshold will the load connected to the battery be switched to the fuel cell bus and the battery be charged by the fuel cell, this being done by controlling the switch K3.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an emergency power supply vehicle for a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a controller of an emergency power supply vehicle for a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control flow chart of the emergency power supply vehicle for the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell of the present invention;
in the figure, (1) -a vehicle travel system, (2) -a battery system, (3) -a hydrogen fuel cell system, (4) -an emergency power supply system;
DCBUS 1-first direct current bus, DCBUS 2-second direct current bus, K1-first switch, K2-second switch, K3-third switch, K4-fourth switch, K5-fifth switch, K6-sixth switch, K7-seventh switch and K8 eighth switch.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments. The following examples are only for explaining the present invention, the scope of the present invention shall include the full contents of the claims, and the full contents of the claims of the present invention can be fully realized by those skilled in the art through the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the connection of the modules in the embodiment of the present invention will be described. An emergency power supply vehicle with a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell is shown in figure 1 and comprises a vehicle running system (1), a storage battery system (2), a hydrogen fuel cell system (3) and an emergency power supply system (4).
The vehicle running system (1) comprises an electric vehicle speed regulating system, an electric vehicle energy controller and a whole vehicle auxiliary system; the electric car speed regulating system is used for controlling starting, accelerating and braking of a vehicle, the electric car energy controller is used for controlling energy distribution of the storage battery and the fuel cell when the vehicle runs, and the whole car auxiliary system is used for realizing functions of power steering, vehicle-mounted information display, air conditioning, lighting, defrosting, a wiper and the like of the electric car.
The direct current bus comprises a first direct current bus DCBUS1 and a second direct current bus DCBUS2.
The electric car speed regulating system comprises a motor driver, a motor and a speed changer which are electrically connected in sequence; the speed changer is respectively connected with the motor and the wheel assembly drive axle, and the motor driver controls the working state of the motor; and one end of the motor driver is sequentially connected with the second switch K2 and the first direct current bus DCBUS1, and the other end of the motor driver is sequentially connected with the first switch K1 and the second direct current bus DCBUS2. The trolley energy controller is respectively connected with the first switch K1 and the second switch K2. The electric car energy controller determines whether the electric car is powered by the storage battery or the fuel cell by controlling the first switch K1 and the second switch K2. The vehicle-mounted information display module, the air conditioner and lighting module, the defrosting and wiper module and the power steering system are respectively connected with the whole vehicle auxiliary system. The whole vehicle auxiliary system is connected with a first direct current bus DCBUS1.
The storage battery system (2) comprises a storage battery module and a storage battery energy management module, wherein the storage battery module is directly connected with the first direct current BUS DC BUS1 and supplies power to an electric load on the first direct current BUS DC BUS 1; the load connected to the first direct current bus DCBUS1 comprises a motor driver, a whole vehicle auxiliary system and a heat exchanger, wherein the motor driver, the whole vehicle auxiliary system and the heat exchanger are connected through a second switch K2; the storage battery module is connected with a second direct current bus DCBUS2 through a third switch K3; the storage battery energy manager realizes the charging of the storage battery by controlling the third switch K3. The accumulator system is mainly used for energy supply needing quick response and comprises an electric car starting system, a whole car auxiliary system, an electric car energy controller, a fuel battery controller and an emergency power supply controller. The storage battery includes but is not limited to lithium battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, lead-acid battery.
The hydrogen fuel cell system (3) includes a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell stack, a DC/DC converter, a heat exchanger, and a fuel cell controller. Wherein the DC/DC converter is electrically connected to the fuel cell stack; the output of the DC/DC converter is electrically connected with a second direct current bus DCBUS2; and the second direct current bus DCBUS2 is connected with three loads, namely a motor driver connected through a first switch K1, a heat exchanger connected through a fourth switch K4 and an emergency power supply system connected through an eighth switch K8. The hydrogen storage module comprises a gaseous hydrogen storage tank and a solid hydrogen storage tank, solid hydrogen storage and gaseous hydrogen storage can be realized, and the fuel cell stack is connected with the solid hydrogen storage tank through a sixth switch K6; the fuel cell stack is connected to the gaseous hydrogen storage tank through a seventh switch K7. The fuel cell stack is used for converting the chemical energy of the hydrogen into electric energy; the DC/DC converter is used to boost the fuel cell voltage to the rated voltage required by the vehicle motor. The heat exchanger is used for realizing charge and discharge and heat cyclic utilization of solid-state hydrogen storage; the fuel cell controller is used for controlling the switching between the solid hydrogen storage tank and the gaseous hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen release speed. The gaseous hydrogen storage tank is sequentially connected with a seventh switch K7, the fuel cell stack, the DC/DC converter and a second direct current bus DCBUS2. The solid hydrogen storage tank is sequentially connected with a sixth switch K6, the fuel cell stack, the DC/DC converter and a second direct current bus DCBUS2. One end of the heat exchanger is sequentially connected with the fourth switch K4 and the second direct current bus DCBUS2, and the other end of the heat exchanger is sequentially connected with the fifth switch K5 and the first direct current bus DCBUS1. The fuel cell controller is respectively connected with a fourth switch K4, a fifth switch K5, a sixth switch K6 and a seventh switch K7. The waste heat generated by the motor and the waste heat generated by the DC/DC converter are recycled by the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger and the solid hydrogen storage tank form a heat recycling unit. For example, the waste heat generated by the motor is taken away by the cooling water of the motor, and the cooling water of the motor is discharged from the cooling water discharge port of the motor. The waste heat generated by the DC/DC converter is taken away by the cooling water of the DC/DC converter, and the cooling water of the DC/DC converter is discharged from the cooling water discharge port of the DC/DC converter. And after being combined, the pipeline of the cooling water discharge port of the motor and the pipeline of the cooling water discharge port of the DC/DC converter are connected to a hot water inlet of the heat exchanger. And a cold water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a cooling inlet of the solid hydrogen storage tank, and a cooling outlet of the solid hydrogen storage tank returns to be connected to a cold water inlet of the heat exchanger.
The emergency power supply system (4) comprises a DC/AC inverter, an emergency power grid, a rapid direct current charging port and an emergency power controller. The DC side of the DC/AC inverter is connected with the second direct current bus DCBUS2 through an eighth switch K8, and the AC side of the DC/AC inverter is connected with an emergency power grid; the rapid direct current charging port is connected with the second direct current bus DCBUS2 through an eighth switch K8; and the emergency power supply controller controls whether to supply power to the emergency power grid or not by controlling the on-off of the eighth switch K8. The DC/AC inverter is used for inverting the DC bus voltage into AC power for supplying to an emergency power grid; the quick direct-current charging port is used for directly and quickly charging a direct-current load by a direct-current bus; the emergency power supply controller is used for controlling voltage, current and power which are sent to an emergency power grid by the direct current bus. The emergency power grid is sequentially connected with the DC/AC inverter, the eighth switch K8 and the second direct current bus DCBUS2. The fast direct current charging port is sequentially connected with an eighth switch K8 and a second direct current bus DCBUS2. The emergency power supply controller is connected with an eighth switch K8.
The vehicle running system, the storage battery system, the hydrogen fuel cell system and the emergency power supply system are mutually modularized and independent and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and different parameter configurations and combinations can be carried out according to requirements; the trolley speed regulation module and the storage battery module are mutually modularized and independent and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and different parameter configurations and combinations can be carried out according to requirements; the hydrogen fuel cell module and the emergency power supply module are mutually modularized and independent and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and different parameter configurations and combinations can be carried out according to requirements; the hydrogen fuel cell module, the solid hydrogen storage module and the gaseous hydrogen storage module are mutually modularized and independent and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and different parameter configurations and combinations can be carried out according to requirements; the emergency power supply vehicle has the characteristic of high modular design, and can flexibly adapt to the use requirements of different areas and different purposes. In the vehicle running system, the storage battery system, the hydrogen fuel cell system and the emergency power supply system, each system is provided with a switch control unit, and the energy is controlled by a respective controller. The switch control unit of the emergency power supply vehicle comprises a first switch K1, a second switch K2, a third switch K3, a fourth switch K4, a fifth switch K5, a sixth switch K6, a seventh switch K7 and an eighth switch K8. Referring to fig. 1, a switch control structure in an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The first switch K1 is connected with the motor driver and a second direct current BUS DC BUS2 output by the fuel cell system, and can control the circuit on-off of the trolley speed regulating system and the second direct current BUS DCBUS2; the second switch K2 is connected with the motor driver and a first direct current bus DCBUS1 output by the storage battery module, and can control the on-off of a circuit of the electric car speed regulating system and the first direct current bus DCBUS 1; the third switch K3 is connected with the storage battery module and the second direct current bus DCBUS2, and can control the on-off of the circuit of the storage battery module and the second direct current bus DCBUS2 so as to control whether the fuel cell charges the storage battery or not; the fourth switch K4 is connected with a heat exchanger of the fuel cell system and the second direct current bus DCBUS2 and controls the on-off of the circuit of the heat exchanger and the second direct current bus DCBUS2; the fifth switch K5 is connected with a heat exchanger of the fuel cell system and the first direct current bus DCBUS1 and controls the on-off of a circuit of the heat exchanger and the first direct current bus DCBUS 1; the sixth switch K6 is connected with a solid hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system and controls the on-off of a gas path between the fuel cell stack and the solid hydrogen storage tank; the seventh switch K7 is connected with a gaseous hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system to control the on-off of a gas path between the fuel cell stack and the gaseous hydrogen storage tank; and the eighth switch K8 is connected with a DC/AC inverter of the emergency power supply and the second direct current bus DCBUS2 and controls the on-off of the second direct current bus DCBUS2 and the emergency power supply system.
The first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5 and the eighth switch K8 can adopt electromagnetic relays, and the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 adopt controllable valves. Each switch is connected with the controller of each system through a control signal line.
Fig. 2 shows three controllers that require a battery to provide power, including a trolley power controller, a fuel cell controller, and an emergency power controller. The electric car energy controller is used for realizing the starting, accelerating and braking control of the electric car, controlling the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 to realize the switching between a storage battery and a fuel cell which supply power to the electric car speed regulating system, and is also responsible for functional fault detection and alarm and real-time detection of the actual measurement data of the voltage, current and temperature sensors of the electric car.
The fuel cell controller comprises a gas path management module, a water heat management module, an electric management module, a data communication module and a fault diagnosis module, wherein the gas path management module is used for realizing the flow of hydrogen and air required by the fuel cell system and reasonably and accurately controlling the pressure, the temperature and the humidity; the water heat management module is used for realizing circulation and heating of a cooling water path in the heat exchanger, controlling and adjusting the temperature of air and cooling water, and improving the power of the fuel cell and the reliability and stability of operation; the electric management module is used for detecting and adjusting the voltage and the current of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system, controlling the voltage of the fuel cell in a reasonable interval, and consuming shutdown residual electric quantity and protecting and controlling the voltage and the current; the data communication module is used for realizing communication with other systems and realizing interaction of important data information and control; the fault diagnosis module is used for realizing the functions of fault diagnosis, warning, alarming, protection and the like on the aspects of gas circuit, water heat, electricity and communication.
The emergency power supply controller comprises a DC/AC inverter control module, a detection module (voltage, current, power and temperature), a protection module (overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature protection), a parallel operation and a networking communication module.
In a specific embodiment, the start, running and emergency power supply mode switching of the vehicle CAN be realized by sending commands to the electric vehicle energy controller, the fuel cell controller, the emergency power supply controller, the switch control unit (the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6, the seventh switch K7, the eighth switch K8), the storage battery module, the fuel cell module (the DC/DC converter, the fuel cell and the gas-solid load hydrogen storage module), and the emergency power supply system (the DC/AC inverter) through the CAN communication line.
The emergency power supply vehicle is provided with a wheel assembly, and the wheel assembly is in transmission connection with the motor through a transmission. The wheel assembly includes at least 2 road wheels and/or track wheels for a two-wheel vehicle, a three-wheel vehicle, a four-wheel vehicle, or a tracked vehicle, among others. The DC/DC converter, the fuel cell and the gas-solid load hydrogen storage module are mutually modularized and independent and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and parameter combinations can be freely selected and matched according to factors such as time, place, temperature and the like; the DC/AC inverter and the emergency power grid distribution box are independent in a modularized mode and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and parameters and combinations can be freely selected and assembled according to requirements, such as power of electrical appliances, power supply voltage of different countries and regions and the like.
The control flow of the emergency power supply vehicle according to the present invention is shown in fig. 3, and includes a driving mode and an emergency power supply mode, which are described in detail below.
A running mode: in the mode, external charging and power supply are forbidden, the eighth switch K8 is kept disconnected, the storage battery module firstly supplies power to the speed regulating system, each controller module, the heat exchanger and the whole vehicle auxiliary system of the electric vehicle, and the fuel cell system is in a starting stage until the DC/DC converter stably outputs power. The fuel cell module supplies power to the speed regulating system of the electric car in the normal running process, and the storage battery module supplies power to each controller module and the whole car auxiliary system.
At start-up, the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system take time to establish a stable voltage output of the second dc bus DCBUS2. And closing the second switch K2, the fifth switch K5 and the gas circuit seventh switch K7, and opening the first switch K1, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the gas circuit sixth switch K6 and the eighth switch K8. The storage battery module independently supplies power to adjust a motor driver and a transmission so as to realize the starting of the vehicle; the storage battery module supplies power to a heating loop of the heat exchanger, and then the solid-state hydrogen storage module is controlled to release hydrogen until the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value. The seventh switch K7 is closed and the gaseous hydrogen storage module begins to supply power to the fuel cell stack until the DC/DC converter output voltage reaches the switching threshold.
The output voltage of the DC/DC converter usually reaches the threshold value before the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank. When the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value, the first switch K1 is closed, the second switch K2 is opened, and the fuel cell module supplies power to the speed regulating system of the electric car; and closing the fourth switch K4, opening the fifth switch K5, and supplying power to the heating loop of the heat exchanger module by the fuel cell module. The seventh switch K7 is kept closed, the third switch K3 and the eighth switch K8 are opened, and the sixth switch K6 of the gas circuit is opened.
And when the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value, the sixth switch K6 of the gas circuit is closed, the seventh switch K7 of the gas circuit is disconnected, the first switch K1 and the fourth switch K4 are kept closed, and the second switch K2, the fifth switch K5 and the eighth switch K8 are kept disconnected. Whether the third switch K3 is on or not is determined by the state of charge SOC of the battery.
In the running mode that the first switch K1 and the gas path sixth switch K6 are closed, if the SOC of the storage battery is lower than a certain threshold value, the third switch K3 is closed, the load connected to the storage battery module is switched to the second direct current bus DCBUS2, and the fuel cell supplies power. At the same time, the fuel cell charges the battery.
The emergency power supply mode comprises: in the mode, the vehicle is static, the storage battery module and the fuel cell module forbid power supply to the speed regulating system of the electric vehicle, the first switch K1 is turned off, and the second switch K2 is turned off.
Similar to the trolley start mode, the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system require time to establish a stable second dc bus DCBUS2 voltage output. And when the emergency power supply is in the emergency power supply mode, the fifth switch K5 and the gas circuit seventh switch K7 are closed, and the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the fourth switch K4, the eighth switch K8 and the gas circuit sixth switch K6 are opened. The storage battery module supplies power to the heating loop of the heat exchanger, and then the solid-state hydrogen storage module is controlled to release hydrogen until the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value. And the seventh switch K7 is closed, and the gaseous hydrogen storage module starts to supply power to the fuel cell stack until the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a switching threshold value.
When the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value, closing an eighth switch K8, and supplying power to the emergency power supply system by the fuel cell module; and closing the fourth switch K4, opening the fifth switch K5, and supplying power to the heating loop of the heat exchanger module by the fuel cell module. The seventh switch K7 is kept closed, the third switch K3 is opened, and the sixth switch K6 of the gas circuit is opened.
And after the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value, closing the sixth switch K6 of the gas circuit, opening the seventh switch K7 of the gas circuit, keeping the fourth switch K4 and the eighth switch K8 closed, and keeping the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fifth switch K5 open.
When the system works in an emergency power supply mode, if the SOC of the storage battery is lower than a certain threshold value, the third switch K3 is closed, the load connected to the storage battery module is transferred to the second direct current bus DCBUS2, and the fuel cell supplies power. At the same time, the fuel cell charges the battery.
The invention has not been described in detail and is part of the common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art. The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the preferred embodiments are not exhaustive and do not limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is to be covered by the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gas-solid complex hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply car which characterized in that: comprises a vehicle running system ((1)), a storage battery system ((2)), a hydrogen fuel cell system ((3)) and an emergency power supply system ((4));
the vehicle running system ((1)) comprises a trolley speed regulating system, a trolley energy controller and a whole vehicle auxiliary system; the electric car auxiliary system is used for realizing the functions of power steering, vehicle-mounted information display, air conditioning, lighting, defrosting and a wiper of the electric car;
the battery system ((2)) comprises a battery module and a battery energy management module; the storage battery energy management module is connected with the storage battery module; the output of the storage battery system is connected with a first direct current bus (DCBUS 1);
the hydrogen fuel cell system (3) comprises a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell stack, a DC/DC converter, a heat exchanger and a fuel cell controller; the hydrogen storage module comprises two modes of gas hydrogen storage and solid hydrogen storage; the fuel cell stack is used for converting the chemical energy of the hydrogen into electric energy; the DC/DC converter is used for boosting the voltage of the fuel cell to the rated voltage required by the motor of the vehicle, and the output side of the DC/DC converter is connected with a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the heat exchanger is used for realizing charge and discharge and heat cyclic utilization of solid-state hydrogen storage; the fuel cell controller is used for controlling the switching between the solid hydrogen storage tank and the gaseous hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen release speed;
the direct current bus comprises a first direct current bus (DCBUS 1) and a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2);
the emergency power supply system ((4)) comprises a DC/AC inverter, an emergency power grid, a quick direct current charging port and an emergency power controller; the DC/AC inverter is used for inverting the DC bus voltage into AC power for supplying to an emergency power grid; the quick direct-current charging port is used for directly and quickly charging a direct-current load by a direct-current bus; the emergency power supply controller is used for controlling voltage, current and power which are sent to an emergency power grid by the direct current bus.
2. The emergency power supply vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle running system ((1)), the storage battery system ((2)), the hydrogen fuel cell system ((3)), and the emergency power supply system ((4)) are each provided with a switching control unit, and the respective controller controls energy; the switch control unit of the emergency power supply vehicle comprises a first switch K1, a second switch K2, a third switch K3, a fourth switch K4, a fifth switch K5, a sixth switch K6, a seventh switch K7 and an eighth switch K8; the first switch K1 is connected with the motor driver and a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) output by the fuel cell system, and can control the circuit on-off of the electric car speed regulating system and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the second switch K2 is connected with the motor driver and a first direct current bus (DCBUS 1) output by the storage battery module, and can control the circuit connection and disconnection between the electric car speed regulating system and the first direct current bus (DCBUS 1); the third switch K3 is connected with the storage battery module and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) and can control the on-off of the circuit of the storage battery module and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) so as to control whether the fuel cell system charges the storage battery system or not; the fourth switch K4 is connected with a heat exchanger of the fuel cell system and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) and controls the on-off of the circuit of the heat exchanger and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the fifth switch K5 is connected with a heat exchanger of the fuel cell system and the first direct current bus (DCBUS 1) and controls the on-off of a circuit of the heat exchanger and the first direct current bus (DCBUS 1); the sixth switch K6 is connected with a solid hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system and controls the on-off of a gas path between the fuel cell stack and the solid hydrogen storage tank; the seventh switch K7 is connected with a gaseous hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system to control the on-off of the gas paths of the fuel cell stack and the gaseous hydrogen storage tank; and the eighth switch K8 is connected with a DC/AC inverter of the emergency power supply and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) and controls the on-off of the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) and the emergency power supply system.
3. The emergency power supply vehicle of claim 1, wherein the trolley speed control system comprises a motor driver, a motor and a transmission electrically connected in sequence; the speed changer is respectively connected with the motor and the wheel assembly drive axle, and the motor driver controls the working state of the motor; one end of the motor driver is sequentially connected with the second switch (K2) and the first direct current bus (DCBUS 1), and the other end of the motor driver is sequentially connected with the first switch (K1) and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the trolley energy controller is respectively connected with a first switch (K1) and a second switch (K2); the vehicle-mounted information display module, the air conditioner and lighting module, the defrosting and wiper module and the power steering system are respectively connected with an auxiliary system of the whole vehicle; the whole vehicle auxiliary system is connected with a first direct current bus (DCBUS 1);
preferably, the storage battery module is directly connected with the first direct current bus (DCBUS 1) and supplies power to the electric load on the first direct current bus (DCBUS 1); the load connected on the first direct current bus (DCBUS 1) comprises a motor driver, a whole vehicle auxiliary system and a heat exchanger, wherein the motor driver, the whole vehicle auxiliary system and the heat exchanger are connected through a fifth switch (K5); the storage battery module is connected with a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) through a third switch (K3); the storage battery energy manager realizes the charging of the storage battery by controlling the third switch (K3).
4. The emergency power supply vehicle of claim 1, wherein the battery system is primarily used for energy supply requiring a quick response including a trolley start, a vehicle auxiliary system, a trolley energy controller, a fuel cell controller, and an emergency power controller.
5. The emergency power cart of claim 1 wherein the DC/DC converter and the fuel cell stack are electrically connected; the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) is connected with three loads, namely a motor driver connected through a first switch (K1), a heat exchanger connected through a fourth switch (K4) and an emergency power supply system connected through an eighth switch (K8); the gaseous hydrogen storage tank is sequentially connected with a seventh switch (K7), the fuel cell stack, the DC/DC converter and a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the solid hydrogen storage tank is sequentially connected with a sixth switch (K6), the fuel cell stack, the DC/DC converter and a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); one end of the heat exchanger is sequentially connected with a fourth switch (K4) and a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2), the other end of the heat exchanger is sequentially connected with a fifth switch K5 and a first direct current bus (DCBUS 1); the fuel cell controller is respectively connected with the fourth switch (K4), the fifth switch (K5), the sixth switch (K6) and the seventh switch (K7).
6. The emergency power supply vehicle of claim 1, wherein waste heat generated by the motor and waste heat generated by the DC/DC converter are recycled by a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger and the solid-state hydrogen storage tank constitute a heat recycling unit.
7. The emergency power cart of claim 1, wherein the DC side of the DC/AC inverter is connected to the second DC bus (DCBUS 2) via an eighth switch (K8), and the AC side of the DC/AC inverter is connected to the emergency power grid; the rapid direct current charging port is connected with a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) through an eighth switch (K8); the emergency power supply controller controls whether to supply power to an emergency power grid or not by controlling the on-off of the eighth switch (K8); the emergency power grid is sequentially connected with the DC/AC inverter, the eighth switch (K8) and the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the rapid direct current charging port is sequentially connected with an eighth switch (K8) and a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the emergency power supply controller is connected with an eighth switch (K8).
8. The emergency power supply vehicle of claim 1, wherein the trolley power controller, the fuel cell controller, and the emergency power controller each require a battery to provide power;
the electric car energy controller is used for realizing the starting, accelerating and braking control of the electric car, controlling the first switch (K1) and the second switch (K2) to realize the switching between a storage battery and a fuel cell which supply power to the electric car speed regulating system, and is also responsible for detecting and alarming functional faults and detecting the actual measurement data of voltage, current and temperature sensors of the electric car in real time;
the fuel cell controller comprises a gas path management module, a water heat management module, an electrical management module, a data communication module and a fault diagnosis module, wherein the gas path management module is used for realizing the flow of hydrogen and air required by the fuel cell system and reasonably and accurately controlling the pressure, the temperature and the humidity; the water heat management module is used for realizing circulation and heating of a cooling water path in the heat exchanger, controlling and adjusting the temperature of air and cooling water, and improving the power of the fuel cell and the reliability and stability of operation; the electrical management module is used for detecting and adjusting the voltage and the current of the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system, controlling the voltage of the fuel cell in a preset interval, and consuming shutdown residual electric quantity and protecting and controlling the voltage and the current; the data communication module is used for realizing communication with other systems and realizing interaction of data information and control; the fault diagnosis module is used for realizing fault diagnosis, warning, alarming and protection functions on gas paths, water heating, electricity and communication;
the emergency power supply controller comprises a DC/AC inverter control module, a detection module (voltage, current, power and temperature), a protection module (overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature protection), a parallel machine and a networking communication module; the CAN communication lines are used for respectively sending instructions to the electric car energy controller, the fuel cell controller, the emergency power supply controller, the switch control unit, the storage battery module, the fuel cell module and the emergency power supply system, so that the starting, running and emergency power supply mode switching of the car is realized.
The emergency power supply vehicle is provided with a wheel assembly, and the wheel assembly is in transmission connection with the motor through a transmission. The wheel assembly includes at least 2 road wheels and/or track wheels for a two-wheel vehicle, a three-wheel vehicle, a four-wheel vehicle, or a tracked vehicle, among others. The DC/DC converter, the fuel cell and the gas-solid load hydrogen storage module are mutually modularized and independent and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and parameter combinations can be freely selected and matched according to factors such as time, place, temperature and the like; the DC/AC inverter and the emergency power grid distribution box are independent in a modularized mode and can be freely disassembled and assembled, and parameters and combinations can be freely selected and assembled according to requirements, such as power of electrical appliances, power supply voltage of different countries and regions and the like.
9. A control method of the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power supply vehicle is in a driving mode, the control method comprises the following steps:
in the running mode, external charging and power supply are forbidden, the eighth switch (K8) is kept disconnected, the storage battery module firstly supplies power to the speed regulating system, each controller module, the heat exchanger and the whole vehicle auxiliary system of the electric vehicle, and the fuel cell system is in a starting stage until the DC/DC converter stably outputs; in the normal running process, the fuel cell module supplies power to the speed regulating system of the electric car, and the storage battery module supplies power to each controller module and the auxiliary system of the whole car;
when starting, the solid hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system need time to establish stable voltage output of a second direct current bus (DCBUS 2); the second switch (K2), the fifth switch (K5) and the seventh switch (K7) of the gas circuit are closed, and the first switch (K1), the third switch (K3), the fourth switch (K4), the sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit and the eighth switch (K8) are opened; the storage battery module independently supplies power, adjusts a motor driver, adjusts a transmission and realizes the starting of the vehicle; the storage battery module supplies power to a heating loop of the heat exchanger, and then the solid-state hydrogen storage module is controlled to release hydrogen until the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value; the seventh switch (K7) is closed, and the gaseous hydrogen storage module starts to supply power to the fuel cell stack until the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a switching threshold value;
the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value before the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage tank; when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value, the first switch (K1) is closed, the second switch (K2) is opened, and the fuel cell module supplies power to the electric car speed regulating system; closing the fourth switch (K4), opening the fifth switch (K5), and supplying power to the heating loop of the heat exchanger module by the fuel cell module; the seventh switch (K7) is kept closed, the third switch (K3) and the eighth switch (K8) are disconnected, and the sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit is disconnected;
after the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value, closing a sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit, opening a seventh switch (K7) of the gas circuit, keeping the first switch (K1) and the fourth switch (K4) closed, and keeping the second switch (K2), the fifth switch (K5) and the eighth switch (K8) open; whether the third switch (K3) is switched on or not is determined by the state of charge (SOC) of the storage battery;
in a running mode that the first switch (K1) and the gas path sixth switch (K6) are closed, if the SOC of the storage battery is lower than a set threshold value, the third switch (K3) is closed, the load connected to the storage battery module is switched to the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2), the power is supplied by the fuel cell, and meanwhile, the storage battery is charged by the fuel cell.
10. The control method of the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell emergency power vehicle is in an emergency power supply mode, the control method comprises the following steps: in the emergency power supply mode, the vehicle is static, the storage battery module and the fuel cell module forbid supplying power to the speed regulating system of the electric vehicle, the first switch (K1) is turned off, and the second switch (K2) is turned off;
the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system need time to establish stable voltage output of a second direct current BUS (DC BUS 2); when the emergency power supply is in the emergency power supply mode, the fifth switch (K5) and the seventh switch (K7) of the gas circuit are closed, and the first switch (K1), the second switch (K2), the fourth switch (K4), the eighth switch (K8) and the sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit are opened; the storage battery module supplies power to a heating loop of the heat exchanger, so that the solid-state hydrogen storage module is controlled to begin to release hydrogen until the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value; the seventh switch (K7) is closed, and the gaseous hydrogen storage module starts to supply power to the fuel cell stack until the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a switching threshold value;
when the output voltage of the DC/DC converter reaches a threshold value, an eighth switch (K8) is closed, and the fuel cell module supplies power to the emergency power supply system; closing the fourth switch (K4), opening the fifth switch (K5), and supplying power to the heating loop of the heat exchanger module by the fuel cell module; the seventh switch (K7) is kept closed, the third switch (K3) is disconnected, and the sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit is disconnected;
after the pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank reaches a threshold value, closing a sixth switch (K6) of the gas circuit, opening a seventh switch (K7) of the gas circuit, keeping a fourth switch (K4) and an eighth switch (K8) closed, and keeping a first switch (K1), a second switch (K2), a third switch (K3) and a fifth switch (K5) open;
when the system works in an emergency power supply mode, if the SOC of the storage battery is lower than a set threshold value, the third switch (K3) is closed, the load connected to the storage battery module is switched to the second direct current bus (DCBUS 2) and is supplied by the fuel cell, and meanwhile, the fuel cell charges the storage battery.
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| CN202211685627.6A CN115848192A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Emergency power supply vehicle for gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell and control method thereof |
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| CN202211685627.6A CN115848192A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Emergency power supply vehicle for gas-solid composite hydrogen storage fuel cell and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116960396A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-10-27 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell power generation and heat supply system for chemical production and control method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116960396A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-10-27 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell power generation and heat supply system for chemical production and control method thereof |
| CN116960396B (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-12-05 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell power generation and heat supply system for chemical production and control method thereof |
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