CN210938422U - Ceramic material stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding device - Google Patents
Ceramic material stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210938422U CN210938422U CN201921921062.0U CN201921921062U CN210938422U CN 210938422 U CN210938422 U CN 210938422U CN 201921921062 U CN201921921062 U CN 201921921062U CN 210938422 U CN210938422 U CN 210938422U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a ceramic material ladder axle type part cut-in centerless grinding processingequipment is through setting up the dresser at the guide pulley lateral part, and set up the tool electrode respectively at grinding wheel and dresser lateral part, add man-hour, adopt electrolytic mode to make the metal bond on grinding wheel and dresser surface take place the positive pole and dissolve and realize online synchronous repairment, so that emery wheel and dresser are maintained on same benchmark, thereby guarantee higher finishing accuracy on mechanical structure, in addition, online electrolytic dressing can avoid emery wheel surface passivation to block up, make the emery wheel keep good grinding performance for a long time, the guide pulley is maintained on line simultaneously, make guide pulley and work piece contact coefficient of friction stable, thereby, obtain higher work piece machining precision, guarantee the surface quality of work piece, and simultaneously, obtain higher machining efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high-efficient, the centerless abrasive machining device of high accuracy of ceramic material ladder axle class work piece belongs to accurate and ultra-precision machining technical field.
Background
The stepped shaft parts are widely applied to the industries of machinery, aviation, aerospace and the like, the requirements on the material quality, the surface quality and the comprehensive mechanical property of the stepped shaft parts are high, the strength of the stepped shaft greatly affects the service life of the whole machine, and the quality directly affects the working performance and the service life of the machine. With the development of high-speed precision of the main shaft of mechanical equipment, the ceramic material has excellent comprehensive properties such as high hardness, high rigidity, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and is one of the best materials for manufacturing the stepped shaft.
The centerless grinding technology is a main mode for processing the excircle of the stepped shaft workpiece, and a processing system of the centerless grinding technology mainly comprises a grinding wheel, a guide wheel, a supporting plate and the stepped shaft workpiece. During machining, a workpiece is placed between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, centering and supporting of the workpiece are not needed, the ground excircle is used as a positioning reference, the workpiece is driven by the grinding wheel and the guide wheel to perform rolling motion simultaneously, and materials are removed through the grinding wheel. The centerless grinding technology can process the whole cylindrical surface without clamping and positioning the workpiece, is easy to realize the automation of the production process, and has high production efficiency.
However, in the machining process, the grinding force of a grinding area is large, the grinding temperature is high, the grinding wheel is easy to passivate and block, the grinding function of the grinding wheel is lost, the guide wheel plays roles in positioning, supporting and rotary driving on a workpiece, the positioning and movement precision of the workpiece is directly influenced by the contour shape precision of the guide wheel, and the surface of the guide wheel is easy to wear due to long-term contact with the workpiece in the machining process. These conditions are more prominent for processing high hardness, high rigidity, and wear-resistant ceramic materials. The grinding wheel dresser and the guide wheel dresser which are arranged on the centerless grinding machine are mainly diamond pens which can be independently adjusted, but because all components move independently, the introduced motion error is large, the dressing precision is low, the time consumed in the dressing process is reduced, and the machining efficiency is reduced, so that the machining requirements of high efficiency and high precision of workpieces are difficult to meet.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new centerless grinding technology for machining stepped shaft workpieces, so as to effectively solve the problems that the machining precision is affected due to low dressing precision of a grinding wheel and a guide wheel in centerless grinding, and the machining efficiency is affected due to time consumption of the dressing process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned not enough that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a ceramic material ladder axle type part cut-in type centerless abrasive machining device, the device can realize high-efficient, the high accuracy abrasive machining of ceramic material ladder axle type part.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: the ceramic stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding device comprises a grinding wheel and a guide wheel which are arranged side by side, and a supporting plate arranged between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel; the grinding wheel is arranged on the frame through a grinding wheel cross sliding table and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the frame; the supporting plate is arranged on the rack through a supporting plate linear sliding table and can transversely move relative to the rack; the guide wheel is arranged on the support plate linear sliding table through the guide wheel linear sliding table and can transversely move relative to the table top of the support plate linear sliding table; a grinding cooling spray head is arranged above the supporting plate and connected with a grinding fluid supply device; the grinding wheel tool electrode is arranged on the side part of the grinding wheel, the dressing wheel is arranged on the side part of the guide wheel, and the dressing wheel tool electrode is arranged on the side part of the dressing wheel; the grinding wheel is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel is a metal bond dressing wheel; the trimming wheel is arranged on the guide wheel linear sliding table through the trimming wheel cross sliding table and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the guide wheel linear sliding table; the grinding wheel tool electrode is arranged on the grinding wheel cross sliding table through the grinding wheel tool electrode cross sliding table and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the grinding wheel cross sliding table; the grinding wheel tool electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply, and the main shaft of the grinding wheel is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush; the trimming wheel tool electrode is arranged on the trimming wheel cross sliding table through the trimming wheel tool electrode linear sliding table and can transversely move relative to the table top of the trimming wheel cross sliding table; the trimming wheel tool electrode is connected with the negative electrode of an electrolytic power supply, and the center of the trimming wheel is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply through an electric brush; and a grinding wheel trimming spray head is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode, a guide wheel trimming spray head is arranged above the trimming wheel tool electrode, and the grinding wheel trimming spray head and the guide wheel trimming spray head are respectively connected with a grinding fluid supply device.
Compared with the prior art, the ceramic material stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding processing device of the utility model has the advantages that the trimming wheel is arranged at the side part of the guide wheel, and the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel are provided with the specific electrolytic trimming component, so that the metal bonding agent on the surfaces of the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel can be subjected to anode dissolution in an electrolytic manner during grinding processing, the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel are trimmed synchronously on line, so that the grinding wheel and the trimming wheel are trimmed on the same reference, thereby ensuring higher trimming precision on a mechanical structure, in addition, the passivation and blockage of the surface of the grinding wheel can be avoided during the electrolytic trimming on line, the grinding wheel can keep good grinding performance for a long time, meanwhile, the guide wheel is trimmed on line, the contact friction coefficient of the guide wheel and a workpiece is stable, thereby, higher workpiece processing precision is obtained, the surface quality of the workpiece is ensured, and, the machining efficiency and the machining precision of the batch production of the precision stepped shaft workpieces are improved, the active effect is achieved, key basic parts can be provided for a high-speed and high-precision spindle system, the rapid development of related industries such as numerical control machines, precision instruments and the like towards the high-speed, high-efficiency and high-precision direction is promoted, the high-tech industry for producing the high-precision stepped shaft workpieces in a professional mode can be gradually formed, and new economic growth points are cultivated.
Preferably, in the plunge centerless grinding processing device for stepped shaft parts made of ceramic materials, an ultrasonic generator is arranged on the frame and electrically connected with the transducer through an electrical slip ring, the transducer is fixedly connected with a horn, and the horn is arranged on the frame through a horn cross sliding table and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the frame; the end part of the amplitude transformer and the end part of the main shaft of the grinding wheel are correspondingly provided with a connecting and matching structure, so that the amplitude transformer can be connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel. During machining, the amplitude transformer can be connected into the grinding wheel spindle, the ultrasonic generator sends an electric signal with ultrasonic frequency, the electric signal is converted into high-frequency mechanical vibration through the transducer, the amplitude of the mechanical vibration is expanded through the amplitude transformer and is transmitted to the grinding wheel spindle, the grinding wheel spindle obtains axial ultrasonic vibration with specific ultrasonic vibration amplitude, and grinding machining efficiency is further improved.
Preferably, in the plunge centerless grinding processing device for stepped shaft parts made of ceramic materials, the electrolytic power supply is a pulse direct-current power supply. The inventor finds that the trimming precision is higher by adopting a pulse direct current power supply. Preferably, the output voltage of the electrolysis power supply is 5-100V.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a ceramic stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding device for grinding ceramic stepped shaft parts;
FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a part of a workpiece (silicon nitride ceramic stepped shaft) in an experimental example of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows the roundness value of the workpiece after processing in the experimental example of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1-grinding wheel; 2-a guide wheel; 3-a supporting plate; 4-grinding a wheel cross sliding table; 5-a frame; 6-a supporting plate linear sliding table; 7-guide wheel linear sliding table; 8-grinding wheel tool electrodes; 9-a finishing wheel; 10-a dresser wheel tool electrode; 11-grinding the cooling spray head; 12-grinding wheel tool electrode cross slide; 13-grinding fluid supply means; 14-dressing wheel tool electrode linear slide; 15-grinding wheel trimming spray head; 16-a guide wheel finishing spray head; 17-an ultrasonic generator; 18-a transducer; 19-a horn; 20-a luffing jib cross slide; 21-an electrolytic power supply; 22-dressing wheel cross slide; 23-stepped shaft type workpiece.
Detailed Description
The following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The utility model discloses a ceramic material ladder axle type part cut-in centerless grinding device can be through reforming transform the acquisition to current centerless grinding machine.
Referring to fig. 1, as a specific example: the utility model discloses a ceramic material stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding processing device, which comprises a grinding wheel 1 and a guide wheel 2 which are arranged side by side, and a supporting plate 3 which is arranged between the grinding wheel 1 and the guide wheel 2; the grinding wheel 1 is arranged on the frame 5 through a grinding wheel cross sliding table 4 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the frame 5; the supporting plate 3 is arranged on the rack 5 through a supporting plate linear sliding table 6 and can transversely move relative to the rack 5; the guide wheel 2 is arranged on the support plate linear sliding table 6 through a guide wheel linear sliding table 7 and can transversely move relative to the table top of the support plate linear sliding table 6; a grinding cooling spray head 11 is arranged above the supporting plate 3, and the grinding cooling spray head 11 is connected with a grinding fluid supply device 13; the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 is arranged on the side of the grinding wheel 1, the dressing wheel 9 is arranged on the side of the guide wheel 2, and the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 is arranged on the side of the dressing wheel 9; the grinding wheel 1 is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel 9 is a metal bond dressing wheel; the trimming wheel 9 is arranged on the guide wheel linear sliding table 7 through a trimming wheel cross sliding table 22 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the guide wheel linear sliding table 7; the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 is arranged on the grinding wheel cross sliding table 4 through a grinding wheel tool electrode cross sliding table 12 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the grinding wheel cross sliding table 4; the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply 21, and the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply 21 through an electric brush; the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 is arranged on the dressing wheel cross sliding table 22 through the dressing wheel tool electrode linear sliding table 14 and can transversely move relative to the table top of the dressing wheel cross sliding table 22; the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 is connected with the negative pole of an electrolysis power supply 21, and the center of the dressing wheel 9 is connected with the positive pole of the electrolysis power supply 21 through an electric brush; a grinding wheel dressing nozzle 15 is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode 8, a guide wheel dressing nozzle 16 is arranged above the dressing wheel tool electrode 10, and the grinding wheel dressing nozzle 15 and the guide wheel dressing nozzle 16 are respectively connected with a grinding fluid supply device 13.
The ultrasonic generator 17 is arranged on the frame 6, the ultrasonic generator 17 is electrically connected with the transducer 18 through an electric slip ring, the transducer 18 is fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer 19, and the amplitude transformer 19 is arranged on the frame 5 through an amplitude transformer cross sliding table 20 and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the frame 5; the end part of the amplitude transformer 19 and the end part of the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 are correspondingly provided with a connecting and matching structure, so that the amplitude transformer 19 can be connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 (after the amplitude transformer 19 is connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1, the amplitude transformer 19 needs to rotate together with the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1, so that the amplitude transformer 19 needs to be connected with a support for supporting the amplitude transformer through a bearing, and then the support is fixed on the table top of the amplitude transformer cross sliding table 20). During processing, the amplitude transformer 19 can be connected to the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 to apply ultrasonic vibration; the amplitude transformer 19 does not need to be connected to the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1, namely the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 does not have axial ultrasonic vibration during processing; whether or not to apply the ultrasonic vibration to the main shaft of the grinding wheel 1 is determined according to actual needs.
During machining, the grinding fluid supply device 13 supplies electrolytic grinding fluid (i.e., grinding fluid containing electrolyte). The electrolytic grinding fluid can be prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 5-10% of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 4-8% of lard oil, 0.1-0.2% of chlorinated paraffin, 0.01-0.05% of antirust agent, 0.02-0.05% of mildew-proof additive, 0.01-0.02% of D-limonene (limonene), 0.03-0.06% of defoaming agent, 0.03-0.07% of surfactant and the balance of deionized water. The inventor finds that at the moment, the electrolytic grinding fluid has better cooling and electrolytic capabilities, and the lard oil in the formula plays a good lubricating role, so that the surface of the cylindrical roller can be prevented from being scratched by large-particle abrasive grains, and the grinding efficiency and quality are further guaranteed; the D-limonene in the formula enables the lard oil to be more easily dispersed, and the whole mixed system is stable, so that the electrolytic grinding fluid is not easy to deteriorate and can be recycled for a long time; in addition, the formula contains D-limonene, so that the electrolytic grinding fluid has better cleaning capacity, has the function of preventing a grinding area from being blocked, and further ensures the processing efficiency.
During processing, the clearance between the dressing wheel tool electrode 10 and the dressing wheel 9 can be controlled to be 0.5-2 mm; the gap between the grinding wheel tool electrode 8 and the grinding wheel 1 can be controlled to be 0.5-2 mm. When the electrolytic gap is 0.5-2mm, the electrolytic grinding fluid is easy to fill the whole gap area, has a certain retaining effect and is low in flow rate, so that the smooth electrolysis is further ensured. The power is electrified, the metal bonding agents on the surfaces of the grinding wheel 1 and the dressing wheel 9 are subjected to anodic dissolution, and the abrasive particles on the surfaces of the grinding wheel 1 and the dressing wheel 9 are kept sharp. The dressing wheel 9 moves back and forth along the generatrix of the guide wheel 2 while rotating, and dresses the guide wheel 2.
The electrolytic power supply 21 may employ a pulse dc power supply, thereby obtaining a high dressing accuracy. Preferably, the output voltage of the electrolysis power supply may be 5 to 100V. The grinding wheel 1 and the guide wheel 2 can be trimmed by using the same power supply and adopting parallel connection wires; two power supplies of the same output may also be used as illustrated.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Processing a workpiece: the silicon nitride ceramic stepped shafts (workpiece size shown in FIG. 2) were 20 in number, and had an initial roundness average of 0.981 μm and a roundness deviation of 0.082 μm, and an initial surface roughness average of 0.26 μm and a roughness deviation of 0.035 μm.
The electrolytic grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 percent of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 5 percent of lard oil, 0.1 percent of chlorinated paraffin, 0.05 percent of antirust agent, 0.05 percent of mildew-proof additive, 0.02 percent of D-limonene, 0.05 percent of defoaming agent, 0.05 percent of surfactant and 86.68 percent of deionized water.
The processing conditions are shown in Table 1:
the surface roughness and the shape accuracy of the machined workpiece are obviously improved, the roundness mean value is reduced to 0.392 mu m, the roundness deviation is reduced to 0.036 mu m, the roughness mean value is reduced to 0.042 mu m, the roughness deviation is reduced to 0.013 mu m, the best roundness value of the machined workpiece is 0.372 mu m (see figure 3), and the roughness value of the machined workpiece surface is 0.036 mu m.
The experiment shows, the utility model discloses a ceramic material ladder axle type part cut-in centerless abrasive machining device can realize high-efficient, the high quality abrasive machining of ladder axle type ceramic part. The reduction of the deviation of the roundness value and the deviation of the roughness value shows that the roundness and the roughness after processing are gradually converged, the batch consistency is improved, the smaller the deviation value is, the better the batch consistency is, and the method is suitable for batch processing.
The above general description of the invention and the description of its specific embodiments in this application should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can add, reduce or combine the technical features disclosed in the general description and/or the specific embodiments (including the examples) to form other technical solutions within the scope of the present application according to the disclosure of the present application without departing from the components of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The ceramic stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding device comprises a grinding wheel (1), a guide wheel (2) and a supporting plate (3) arranged between the grinding wheel (1) and the guide wheel (2) in parallel; the grinding wheel (1) is arranged on the rack (5) through a grinding wheel cross sliding table (4) and can move transversely and longitudinally relative to the rack (5); the supporting plate (3) is arranged on the rack (5) through a supporting plate linear sliding table (6) and can transversely move relative to the rack (5); the guide wheel (2) is arranged on the support plate linear sliding table (6) through a guide wheel linear sliding table (7) and can transversely move relative to the table top of the support plate linear sliding table (6); a grinding cooling spray head (11) is arranged above the supporting plate (3), and the grinding cooling spray head (11) is connected with a grinding fluid supply device (13);
the method is characterized in that: the grinding wheel tool electrode (8) is arranged on the side portion of the grinding wheel (1), the dressing wheel (9) is arranged on the side portion of the guide wheel (2), and the dressing wheel tool electrode (10) is arranged on the side portion of the dressing wheel (9); the grinding wheel (1) is a metal bond grinding wheel, and the dressing wheel (9) is a metal bond dressing wheel; the trimming wheel (9) is arranged on the guide wheel linear sliding table (7) through a trimming wheel cross sliding table (22) and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the guide wheel linear sliding table (7); the grinding wheel tool electrode (8) is arranged on the grinding wheel cross sliding table (4) through a grinding wheel tool electrode cross sliding table (12) and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the table top of the grinding wheel cross sliding table (4); the grinding wheel tool electrode (8) is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply (21), and the main shaft of the grinding wheel (1) is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic power supply (21) through an electric brush; the trimming wheel tool electrode (10) is arranged on the trimming wheel cross sliding table (22) through a trimming wheel tool electrode linear sliding table (14) and can transversely move relative to the table top of the trimming wheel cross sliding table (22); the dressing wheel tool electrode (10) is connected with the negative pole of an electrolytic power supply (21), and the center of the dressing wheel (9) is connected with the positive pole of the electrolytic power supply (21) through an electric brush; and a grinding wheel finishing sprayer (15) is arranged above the grinding wheel tool electrode (8), a guide wheel finishing sprayer (16) is arranged above the finishing wheel tool electrode (10), and the grinding wheel finishing sprayer (15) and the guide wheel finishing sprayer (16) are respectively connected with a grinding fluid supply device (13).
2. The ceramic material stepped shaft part plunge type centerless grinding device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic generator (17) is arranged on the rack (5), the ultrasonic generator (17) is electrically connected with the transducer (18) through an electric slip ring, the transducer (18) is fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer (19), and the amplitude transformer (19) is arranged on the rack (5) through an amplitude transformer cross sliding table (20) and can transversely and longitudinally move relative to the rack (5); the end part of the amplitude transformer (19) and the end part of the main shaft of the grinding wheel (1) are correspondingly provided with connecting and matching structures, so that the amplitude transformer (19) can be connected with the main shaft of the grinding wheel (1).
3. The plunge centerless grinding device for ceramic stepped shaft parts according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the electrolysis power supply (21) is a pulse direct current power supply.
4. The ceramic material stepped shaft part plunge type centerless grinding device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the output voltage of the electrolysis power supply (21) is 5-100V.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921921062.0U CN210938422U (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Ceramic material stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921921062.0U CN210938422U (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Ceramic material stepped shaft part cut-in type centerless grinding device |
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| CN210938422U true CN210938422U (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111975487A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 | Automatic grinding equipment |
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2019
- 2019-11-08 CN CN201921921062.0U patent/CN210938422U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111975487A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 | Automatic grinding equipment |
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