CN210926302U - Broadband millimeter wave strip line flat plate array antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dull and stereotyped array antenna of broadband millimeter wave stripline, include: the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are sequentially laminated together, and the metalized through hole penetrates through the dielectric substrates; the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate is provided with a first copper-clad floor, the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a strip line power-division copper-clad layer, and the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a second copper-clad floor; a third copper-clad floor is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate, and a second gap and a third gap which are in one-to-one correspondence with the power dividing tail ends of the strip line power dividing copper-clad layers are respectively arranged on the second copper-clad floor and the third copper-clad floor; the power dividing tail ends, the corresponding second gap, the corresponding third gap and the metalized through holes arranged around the peripheries of the power dividing tail ends, the corresponding second gap and the corresponding third gap form an antenna unit together. The utility model has the advantages of wide banding, complanation, high gain, low processing cost, easy volume production, etc.

Description

Broadband millimeter wave strip line flat plate array antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an antenna design field, concretely relates to broadband millimeter wave stripline panel array antenna.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the requirement of modern communication on the communication rate, the microwave and millimeter wave frequency band with higher frequency is gradually and widely applied to high-capacity communication scenes. The high-gain antenna is the front end of wireless microwave communication, and the performance of the high-gain antenna directly affects the overall communication quality. Conventional high gain microwave antennas have been modified from parabolic antennas such as parabolic antennas and cassegrain antennas, however, conventional antennas of this type must have a longitudinal thickness to achieve parabolic machining. For some scenes requiring low profile, planarization, etc., a planarized high gain antenna is needed to achieve the purposes of beautifying, reducing weight, saving space, etc., and at this time, the conventional parabolic antenna cannot meet the requirements.

Common methods for implementing a planarized high gain antenna are: the planar antenna units are used for forming a two-dimensional array, and the main processing methods include a metal waveguide array antenna, a printed circuit array antenna and the like. The antenna using the metal waveguide has the advantages of low loss and wide bandwidth, but the antenna needs mechanical processing to ensure precision, and has the disadvantages of complex process, low production efficiency and high cost. The printed circuit antenna array can use a planar Printed Circuit (PCB) process, has high processing precision and lower cost, and is suitable for the design and production of millimeter wave high-gain antennas. Because the upper part and the lower part of the strip line structure are covered by the metal floors, compared with a microstrip line structure, the strip line structure has weaker radiation leakage energy, less loss and less influence on a directional diagram, and is suitable for array design with strict requirements on performance such as bandwidth, the directional diagram and the like.

The difficulty with stripline array antennas is that a relatively large number of laminated dielectric boards are used and blind via processing may be used, which increases the overall cost of the antenna. If the number of the dielectric plates can be reduced and the through hole processing is used, the cost can be greatly reduced, and the wide application of the antenna is facilitated.

Based on the above background, in practical applications, a broadband millimeter wave stripline flat array antenna is needed to meet the requirements of broadband, planarization, high gain, low processing cost and the like of the antenna in some scenes of modern millimeter wave communication.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a dull and stereotyped array antenna of millimeter wave stripline of broadband, high-gain, complanation, low processing cost, easy volume production.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

A broadband millimeter-wave stripline panel array antenna comprising: the dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate which are sequentially laminated together, and a metalized through hole penetrating through each dielectric substrate; the transmission line is characterized in that a first copper-clad floor is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, a strip line power-division copper-clad layer is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, a second copper-clad floor is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate, and the strip line power-division copper-clad layer, the first copper-clad floor and the second copper-clad floor jointly form a strip transmission line; a third copper-clad floor is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate, and a second gap and a third gap which are in one-to-one correspondence with the power dividing tail ends of the strip line power dividing copper-clad layers are respectively arranged on the second copper-clad floor and the third copper-clad floor; and the power dividing tail ends, the corresponding second gap, the corresponding third gap and the metalized through holes arranged around the peripheries of the power dividing tail ends, the second gap and the third gap form an antenna unit together.

More preferably, each of the antenna elements is formed in a periodically arranged array of 2 × 2 or more.

More preferably, a feed waveguide is mounted at the bottom of the first dielectric substrate, a first gap without copper is arranged at the center of the first copper-clad floor, and a tuning patch is arranged at the center of the first gap; the first gap, the strip line power division copper-clad layer and the part of the metalized through hole in the center of the first dielectric substrate form a resonant cavity together, and the resonant cavity is used for realizing high-efficiency conversion of electromagnetic energy from the feed waveguide to the resonant cavity and then to the strip line power division copper-clad layer.

More preferably, the first slot is located at the center of a contact surface of the feed waveguide and the first dielectric substrate.

More preferably, the strip line power division copper-clad layer is a power division network formed by a plurality of groups of same-phase T-shaped strip power division structures, and is used for realizing equal-phase power distribution from the feed waveguide in the middle to each antenna unit; by adjusting the size of each group of T-shaped strip power distribution structures, unequal power distribution from the central antenna unit to the edge antenna units can be realized.

More preferably, the strip line power-divided copper clad layer achieves a uniform drop in power of 1dB in the lateral and longitudinal directions from the center antenna to the edge antenna element.

More preferably, the second gap and the third gap are both rectangular gaps, the opening size of the second gap is smaller than that of the third gap, and the orthographic projection of the second gap on the third copper-clad floor falls in the third gap.

More preferably, the portion of the metalized through hole surrounding the second gap in the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate forms a resonant cavity with the first copper-clad floor and the second copper-clad floor, so as to realize conversion of electromagnetic energy, and couple the electromagnetic energy fed by the power dividing end to the third dielectric substrate.

More preferably, the portion of the metalized through hole surrounding the third gap in the third dielectric substrate and the second copper-clad laminate form an open horn, so as to radiate electromagnetic energy coupled by the second gap into free space, thereby realizing conversion of radiation waves.

More preferably, the broadband millimeter wave strip line flat panel array antenna is a millimeter wave antenna operating at 20 GHz-30 GHz.

The utility model adopts the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical solution can reach is:

organically combining the copper-clad floor with the gap, the strip line power-division copper-clad layer and the metalized through hole through the three dielectric substrates; in practical application, the broadband, high-gain and planarization of the millimeter wave antenna can be realized only by designing and adjusting the size of the gap of each copper-clad floor, the layout of the strip line power-division copper-clad layers and the positions of the metalized through holes, and the millimeter wave antenna can be applied to a broadband millimeter wave high-gain antenna scene. Meanwhile, the antenna can be processed by using a low-cost PCB processing technology, and the mass production is easy. In addition, the antenna only uses 3 layers of dielectric substrates and metallized through holes, and compared with the scheme of processing more layers of dielectric substrates and metallized blind holes, the antenna reduces the processing cost and difficulty.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the broadband millimeter wave stripline planar array antenna provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the broadband millimeter wave stripline planar array antenna provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide-to-stripline transition region.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a strip line power-divided copper layer.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of partial strip line power division of a copper layer.

Fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of the upper surface of the second copper clad laminate.

Fig. 7 is a partial schematic view of the upper surface of the third copper clad laminate flooring.

Fig. 8 is a return loss frequency curve diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a graph of gain of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a magnetic field plane radiation pattern of a center frequency of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is an electric field plane radiation pattern of a center frequency of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1: feed waveguide, 2: first copper clad laminate floor, 3: copper layer is covered to stripline merit branch, 4: second copper clad laminate flooring, 5: third copper clad laminate flooring, 61: first dielectric substrate, 62: second dielectric substrate, 63: third dielectric substrate, 7: the vias are metallized.

201: first slit, 202: tuning patch, 301: power distribution end, 401: second slit, 501: and a third slit.

311. 321, 331, 341: and (4) power division.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the orientation words, if there are terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the orientation and positional relationship indicated are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and not be construed as limiting the specific scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, if the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, they are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. Thus, the definition of "a first" or "a second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the invention, "at least" means one or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "assembled", "connected", and "connected", if any, are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; or may be a mechanical connection; the two elements can be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium, and the two elements can be communicated with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

In the present application, unless otherwise specified or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "above," "below," and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply an elevation which indicates a level of the first feature being higher than an elevation of the second feature. The first feature being "above", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

The following description will be further made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification, so that the technical solution and the advantages of the present invention are clearer and clearer. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a broadband millimeter wave stripline flat array antenna comprises: a first dielectric substrate 61, a second dielectric substrate 62 and a third dielectric substrate 63 laminated together in sequence, and a metallized via 7 penetrating each of the dielectric substrates; a first copper-clad floor board 2 is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 61, a strip line power-division copper-clad layer 3 is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 62, a second copper-clad floor board 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 62, and the strip line power-division copper-clad layer 3, the first copper-clad floor board 2 and the second copper-clad floor board 4 jointly form a strip transmission line; a third copper-clad floor board 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 63, second gaps 401 and third gaps 501 which are one-to-one corresponding to the power distribution tail ends 301 of the strip line power distribution copper-clad layer 3 are respectively arranged on the second copper-clad floor board 4 and the third copper-clad floor board 5, and the power distribution tail ends 301, the corresponding second gaps 401 and third gaps 501 and the metalized through holes 7 arranged around the peripheries of the power distribution tail ends 301, the corresponding second gaps 401 and the third gaps 501 form an antenna unit together.

The first copper-clad floor 2, the second copper-clad floor 4 and the third copper-clad floor 5 have the following specific structures: the copper-clad layers are paved on the corresponding surfaces of the whole dielectric substrate except the corresponding gaps.

The first dielectric substrate 61, the second dielectric substrate 62 and the third dielectric substrate 63 are used as carriers of copper-clad layers, and the copper-clad layers can be processed on the upper and lower surfaces of each dielectric substrate. According to the actual processing requirement, a thinner prepreg can be added between the adjacent dielectric substrates to facilitate the lamination processing.

The metalized through holes 7 penetrate through all the dielectric substrates and are arranged according to the design, so that the first copper-clad floor 2, the second copper-clad floor 4 and the third copper-clad floor 5 can be electrically connected with each other. The metallized through holes 7 have a certain distance with the strip line power-division copper-clad layer 3 and are not electrically connected. The metallized through hole 7 can limit the transverse diffusion of electromagnetic waves in the range, so that efficient resonant cavity coupling and electromagnetic wave radiation are realized, and three types of energy conversion, namely, energy conversion from a waveguide to a strip line power division copper coating layer, energy coupling from the strip line power division copper coating layer to an opening horn, energy conversion from the opening horn to space radiation waves and the like, are efficiently realized.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a feed waveguide 1 is mounted at the bottom of the first dielectric substrate 61, a first slot 201 that is not covered with copper is disposed at the center of the first copper-clad floor 2, a tuning patch 202 is disposed at the center of the first slot 201, and the feed waveguide 1 is connected to the first slot 201 and the tuning patch 202 in a matching manner. In this embodiment, the first slot 201 without covering copper is etched in the center of the first copper-clad metal layer 2 and located in the center of the contact surface between the feed waveguide 1 and the first dielectric substrate. The first slot 201, the strip line power division copper-clad layer 3 and the metalized through hole 7 form a resonant cavity together with the central part of the first dielectric substrate 61, and high-efficiency conversion of electromagnetic energy from the feed waveguide 1 to the resonant cavity and then to the strip line power division copper-clad layer 3 can be realized through adjustment and optimization.

Referring to fig. 4, the strip line power division copper-clad layer 3 is a power division network formed by a plurality of groups of same-phase T-shaped strip power division structures, and implements equal-phase power distribution from the middle feed waveguide 1 to each antenna unit, and each antenna unit receives power distribution from the power division network and radiates electromagnetic waves.

Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of the distribution of the second gaps 401 of the partial section 4 × 4 is shown, and the distribution of the second gaps 401 on the second copper-clad floor 4 can be analogized, for the unit partial section, the part of the metalized through hole 7 surrounding the second gap 401 in the first dielectric substrate 61 and the second dielectric substrate 62 forms a resonant cavity with the first copper-clad floor 2 and the second copper-clad floor 4, so that the conversion of electromagnetic energy can be realized, the second copper-clad floor 4 is a unit coupling layer, and the second gaps 401 can couple electromagnetic energy fed by the power dividing terminal 301 to the third dielectric substrate 63 through the optimization of the size.

In connection with fig. 7, a schematic diagram of the distribution of the third slot 501 of the part 4 × 4 is shown, and the distribution of the third slot 501 on the third copper-clad floor 5 in an overall array manner can be analogized, for the unit part, the part of the metalized through hole 7 surrounding the third slot 501 in the third dielectric substrate 63 and the second copper-clad floor 4 can be equivalent to an open horn, electromagnetic energy coupled by the second slot 401 can be radiated into a free space, and thus conversion of radiation waves can be realized.

According to an embodiment of the application, a broadband millimeter wave strip line panel array antenna designed to operate at 30GHz, dielectric substrates with a relative dielectric constant of 3.0 and a loss tangent of 0.003 are selected for the first dielectric substrate 61 to the third dielectric substrate 63, the thicknesses of the first dielectric substrate 61 and the second dielectric substrate 62 are 0.529mm, the thickness of the third dielectric substrate 63 is 1.542mm, the area of each dielectric substrate is 150mm × mm, a prepreg with a thickness of 0.1mm is arranged between the two adjacent dielectric substrates for lamination processing, the electric field direction of an antenna radiation field, namely the short side direction of a slot, the magnetic field direction, namely the long side direction of the slot, is repeated for an array unit, the period distance of the two directions is 8.5mm, the size of the first rectangular slot 401 is 3.1mm ×.6mm, the size of the second rectangular slot is 5.0mm 3634.25 mm, the diameter of a metalized through hole 7 is 0.5mm, the unit of the array unit is a unit with a power line width of 3.5 mm, the metalized through hole 7 is 1mm, the second rectangular slot is a metalized through hole 501, the antenna is a power line patch with a power line width of 397 mm, the power line width is adjusted from the center of a transverse waveguide patch width of a waveguide patch width of 0.5mm, the power line patch width of a waveguide patch width of a power line patch width of a power line patch width of a.

Based on the same design principle, by adjusting the size of each part, various broadband millimeter wave strip line flat plate array antennas working at 20GHz, 22GHz, 24GHz, 28GHz and the like can be designed in other embodiments, and the design is not limited to the above embodiments.

For better embodying the technical effects of the utility model, the work that provides to the above-mentioned embodiment is simulated at 30 GHz's broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna below.

Referring to fig. 8, it is a frequency graph of return loss S11 obtained by simulation of the above embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the return loss performance of the antenna is below-10 dB at 28.7-31.3 GHz, the bandwidth of-10 dB is 2.6GHz, and the antenna has good broadband matching characteristic.

See fig. 9, which is a graph of the simulated gain versus frequency for the above embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the antenna achieves antenna gain of more than 30dB between 29 GHz and 31GHz, gain at edge level exceeds 28dB, and high gain is achieved in a wide frequency band.

Referring to fig. 10, it is a magnetic field plane main polarization radiation pattern of each frequency point obtained by simulation of the above embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the magnetic field pattern of the antenna is very stable in the main lobe range for both the center frequency point and the edge frequency points.

Referring to fig. 11, it is shown that the electric field plane main polarization radiation pattern of each frequency point obtained by simulation in the above embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, the above-described embodiment produces an antenna having a side lobe of the electric field surface pattern that rises with respect to the magnetic field surface pattern. But still maintains stable main lobe gain and pointing angle. Combining the results of fig. 10 and 11, the antenna meter made by the above embodiment has a stable radiation pattern with a wide band.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of the structure and principles that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that modifications and substitutions based on the known art are intended to fall within the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The details not described in the detailed description are prior art or common general knowledge.

Claims (9)

1. A broadband millimeter-wave stripline panel array antenna comprising: the dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate which are sequentially laminated together, and a metalized through hole penetrating through each dielectric substrate; the transmission line is characterized in that a first copper-clad floor is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, a strip line power-division copper-clad layer is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate, a second copper-clad floor is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate, and the strip line power-division copper-clad layer, the first copper-clad floor and the second copper-clad floor form a strip transmission line together; a third copper-clad floor is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate, and a second gap and a third gap which are in one-to-one correspondence with the power dividing tail ends of the strip line power dividing copper-clad layers are respectively arranged on the second copper-clad floor and the third copper-clad floor; and the power dividing tail ends, the corresponding second gap, the corresponding third gap and the metalized through holes arranged around the peripheries of the power dividing tail ends, the second gap and the third gap form an antenna unit together.

2. The broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna of claim 1, wherein each of the antenna elements constitutes a periodically arranged array of 2 × 2 or more.

3. The broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein a feed waveguide is mounted at the bottom of the first dielectric substrate, a first slot without copper is arranged at the center of the first copper-clad laminate, and a tuning patch is arranged at the center of the first slot; the first gap, the strip line power division copper-clad layer and the part of the metalized through hole in the center of the first dielectric substrate form a resonant cavity together, and the resonant cavity is used for realizing high-efficiency conversion of electromagnetic energy from the feed waveguide to the resonant cavity and then to the strip line power division copper-clad layer.

4. A broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first slot is located at the center of the contact surface of the feed waveguide and the first dielectric substrate.

5. The broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna of claim 3, wherein the stripline power division copper-clad layer is a power division network formed by a plurality of groups of in-phase T-shaped strip power division structures, and is used for realizing equal-phase power distribution from the feed waveguide in the middle to each antenna element; by adjusting the size of each group of T-shaped strip power distribution structures, unequal power distribution from the central antenna unit to the edge antenna units can be realized.

6. The broadband millimeter wave stripline flat array antenna of claim 5, wherein the stripline power division copper layers achieve a uniform drop in power of 1dB in the transverse and longitudinal directions from the center antenna to the edge antenna elements.

7. The broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second slot and the third slot are both rectangular slots, the opening size of the second slot is smaller than that of the third slot, and the orthographic projection of the second slot on the third copper-clad floor falls within the third slot.

8. The broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna of claim 1, wherein the portion of the metalized via surrounding the second slot in the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate forms a resonant cavity with the first copper clad laminate floor and the second copper clad laminate floor for converting electromagnetic energy to couple the electromagnetic energy of the power split end feed to the third dielectric substrate.

9. The broadband millimeter wave stripline plate array antenna as claimed in claim 8, wherein the portion of the metallized via hole surrounding the third slot in the third dielectric substrate and the second copper-clad laminate floor form an open-ended horn for radiating electromagnetic energy coupled by the second slot into free space, thereby realizing conversion of radiation waves.

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