CN210769673U - Vortex ventilation device for limited space - Google Patents
Vortex ventilation device for limited space Download PDFInfo
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- CN210769673U CN210769673U CN201921408570.9U CN201921408570U CN210769673U CN 210769673 U CN210769673 U CN 210769673U CN 201921408570 U CN201921408570 U CN 201921408570U CN 210769673 U CN210769673 U CN 210769673U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to industry confined space ventilation field, concretely relates to vortex ventilation unit for confined space, the high-speed air current that axial fan produced passes through the air intake and gets into the vortex divertor, carry out the rectification under the effect of honeycomb ware, shunt and flow along the extending arm at vortex divertor center, flow along the wall in confined space in air outlet department, form the air supply air current that has angular momentum and get into in the confined space, because the air current of airing exhaust that the axial fan of exit produced can produce axis traction force, thereby the crooked air current of guide air outlet department formation is discharged from 3 exports in confined space. The bent air vortex is formed, smoke dust in the limited space can be effectively transported through the air vortex and discharged from the air outlet, and the influence of harmful smoke dust on a human body is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to industry confined space ventilation field, concretely relates to vortex ventilation unit for confined space.
Background
The confined space refers to enclosed or semi-enclosed facilities and places such as various equipment interiors of factories, tunnels, sewers, ditches, pits, wells, pools, culverts, valve rooms, sewage treatment facilities and the like of cities (including factories), wells, cellars and the like for storing sweet potatoes, potatoes and various vegetables in rural areas. Poorly ventilated mines should also be treated as confined spaces.
In the field of industrial production, workers can generate a large amount of smoke when welding operation is carried out in a limited space, the smoke in the limited space is difficult to diffuse, the traditional method is that an axial flow fan is adopted to enable airflow to enter from a small pipe orifice in the limited space, the ventilation effect is poor due to personnel obstacles and the fact that the air port and the pipe orifice cannot be tightly connected, a large amount of welding smoke is absorbed by a human body, and the operation environment and the health of the workers are seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
To exist among the above-mentioned prior art that the smoke and dust is difficult for giving off in column space, influence the healthy problem of operation workman, the utility model provides a vortex ventilation unit for column confined space adopts following technical scheme to realize:
a vortex ventilator for confined spaces includes a vortex flow director and an axial flow fan;
the axial flow fans are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the limited space, the axial flow fan at the inlet is used for generating high-speed airflow and sending the high-speed airflow into the limited space, and the axial flow fan at the outlet is used for generating exhaust airflow;
the vortex flow guider is arranged at an inlet of the limited space and used for converting high-speed airflow generated by the axial flow fan at the inlet into air supply airflow with angular momentum, and the air supply airflow is combined with exhaust airflow generated by the axial flow fan at the outlet to generate vortex to realize vortex ventilation of the limited space;
the vortex flow guider comprises a honeycomb device and a plurality of vortex extending arms which are uniformly distributed around the honeycomb device at equal intervals, and each vortex extending arm is provided with an air outlet; the honeycomb device is used for uniformly sending high-speed airflow, the vortex stretching arms are used for shunting the airflow uniformly passing through the honeycomb device, and the air outlet outputs air supply airflow with angular momentum.
Further, the vortex extending arm is shaped as a rectangular cavity, and the rectangular cavity is surrounded by four foldable guide plates and comprises a first guide plate, a second guide plate, a third guide plate and a fourth guide plate.
Furthermore, the tail end of the vortex extending arm is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate, the arc-shaped guide plate is respectively connected with a second guide plate, a third guide plate and a fourth guide plate, and an air outlet is formed in the first guide plate which is not connected with the arc-shaped guide plate.
Furthermore, the air outlet is provided with a flow equalizing plate.
Furthermore, a pull ring is arranged on the arc-shaped guide plate.
Furthermore, the aperture ratio of the flow equalizing plate is 80%, and the aperture is between 5mm and 10 mm.
Furthermore, the air outlet is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is the diameter of the first guide plate, the width of the rectangle is 0.25D-0.1D, and D is the diameter of the limited space.
Furthermore, the thickness of the honeycomb device is between 0.03 and 0.05m, and the pore diameter of the pores on the honeycomb device is between 0.01 and 0.05 m.
Further, the number of the vortex extending arms is 2 to 4.
Furthermore, the number of the vortex extending arms is 4.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following technological effect has:
inside being close to air supply outlet department of confined space sets up the vortex guide plate, and the air current passes through the air intake, changes the air supply direction under the effect of vortex guide plate, becomes the air supply air current that has angular momentum, and the air current of airing exhaust in cooperation exit forms the column vortex to guarantee that the welding smoke and dust is effectively discharged, improve the efficiency of getting rid of pollutant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vortex finder;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vortex extending arm;
FIG. 4 is a gas flow diagram in the vortex finder;
FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the extension and retraction of the vortex extending arm;
FIG. 5(b) is a schematic drawing of a tab;
FIG. 6(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a honeycomb;
FIG. 6(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the flow equalization plate;
FIG. 7 is a gas flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 8(a) is a vector diagram of a flow field in a restricted jet ventilation mode;
FIG. 8(b) is a flow field vector diagram in a swirl tuyere ventilation mode;
FIG. 8(c) is a vector diagram of a flow field in a restricted vortex ventilation mode;
FIG. 9(a) is a graph of the path of a contaminant in a restricted jet aeration mode;
FIG. 9(b) is a diagram showing the path of contaminants in the swirl tuyere ventilation mode;
fig. 9(c) is a diagram of the path of contaminants in a restricted vortex venting mode.
The various reference numbers in the figures represent: the device comprises an axial flow fan 1, a vortex flow guider 2, a limited space 3, a honeycomb device 2-1, a vortex flow extending arm 2-2, an air outlet 2-3, a pull ring 2-4, a guide plate 2-2-1-I, a guide plate 2-2-2-II, a guide plate 2-2-3 III, a guide plate 2-2-4-IV, an arc guide plate 2-2-5 and an A-pollutant emission point. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are given, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all the equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solution of the present application all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally means that the terms are defined with reference to the drawing plane of the corresponding drawing, and "inner" and "outer" mean that the terms are inner and outer relative to the outline of the corresponding part.
The confined space refers to closed and semi-closed facilities and places (cabins, underground hidden projects, closed containers, facilities which are not used for a long time or places with poor ventilation and the like) such as tunnels, sewers, ditches, pits, wells, pools, culverts, tank wagons, pipelines, flues and the like in various equipment of factories, urban (including factories), and wells, cellars and the like for storing sweet potatoes, potatoes and various vegetables in rural areas. Poorly ventilated mines should also be treated as confined spaces.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a vortex ventilation device for a limited space, which comprises a vortex flow guider 2 and an axial flow fan 1;
the axial flow fans 1 are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the restricted space 3, the axial flow fan 1 at the inlet is used for generating high-speed airflow to be sent into the restricted space 3, and the axial flow fan 1 at the outlet is used for generating exhaust airflow; the axial flow fans are oppositely arranged;
the vortex flow guider 2 is arranged at the inlet of the limited space 3 and is used for converting high-speed airflow generated by the axial flow fan 1 at the inlet into air supply airflow with angular momentum, and the air supply airflow is combined with exhaust airflow generated by the axial flow fan 1 at the outlet to generate vortex to realize vortex ventilation of the limited space 3;
the vortex flow guider 2 comprises a honeycomb device 2-1 and a plurality of vortex extending arms 2-2 which are uniformly distributed around the honeycomb device 2-1 at equal intervals, and each vortex extending arm 2-2 is provided with an air outlet 2-3; the honeycombed body 2-1 is used for uniformly feeding high-speed airflow, and the plurality of vortex extending arms 2-2 are used for dividing the airflow uniformly fed through the honeycombed body 2-1 and outputting air supply airflow with angular momentum through the air outlet 2-3.
The utility model discloses when using, the high-speed air current that axial fan 1 produced gets into vortex divertor 2 through air intake 1, carries out the rectification under honeycomb ware 2-1's effect, shunts and flows along extending arm 2-2 at vortex divertor 2 centers, flows along confined space's wall in air outlet 2-3 department, forms the air supply air current that has angular momentum and gets into confined space 3 in, because the air current of airing exhaust that axial fan 1 in the exit produced can produce axis traction force to the crooked air current of guide air outlet 2-3 department formation is discharged from confined space 3 export. The vortex flow guider is used for converting air supply airflow vertical to an air supply position into air supply airflow with angular momentum and matching exhaust airflow at an outlet of a limited space to form a bent air vortex, smoke dust in the limited space can be effectively transported through the air vortex and discharged from the outlet, and the influence of harmful smoke dust on a human body is effectively reduced.
Specifically, each vortex extending arm is tightly abutted to the side wall surface of the limited space, the vortex extending arm 2-2 is in a rectangular cavity, the rectangular cavity is formed by four foldable guide plates, the vortex extending arm can be extended and retracted according to different limited structures, and when the vortex extending arm is not used, the vortex extending arm 2-2 can be retracted into the vortex flow guider 2 through folding, and comprises a first guide plate 2-2-1, a second guide plate 2-2-2, a third guide plate 2-2-3 and a fourth guide plate 2-2-4.
Specifically, the high-speed airflow inlet diameter of the vortex flow guider 2 is smaller than the size of an inscribed square of an inlet of the restricted space 3, so that the contracted vortex flow guider 2 can be taken from the restricted structure 3 conveniently and used in other occasions.
Preferably, the vortex flow stretching arm 2-2 is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate 2-2-5 at the tail end, the function of the arc-shaped guide plate 2-2-5 is to reduce the resistance of the airflow, the arc-shaped guide plate 2-2-5 is respectively connected with a second guide plate 2-2-2, a third guide plate 2-2-3 and a fourth guide plate 2-2-4, and an air outlet 2-3 is arranged on a first guide plate 2-2-1 which is not connected with the arc-shaped guide plate 2-2-5, so that the airflow is delivered along the wall surface limited after the flow guide function of the guide plate, and a foundation is provided for realizing vortex ventilation.
Specifically, the air outlets 2-3 are provided with flow equalizing plates so that air flow at the air outlet of the cyclone is uniformly distributed.
Specifically, the arc-shaped guide plate 2-2-5 is provided with a pull ring 2-4 so as to conveniently extend or contract the extension arm.
Preferably, the aperture ratio of the flow equalizing plate is 80%, and the aperture is between 5mm and 10 mm.
Preferably, the air outlet 2-3 is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is the diameter of the first guide plate 2-2-1, the width of the rectangle is 0.25D-0.1D, and D is the diameter of the restricted space 3.
Preferably, the diameter of the honeycomb device 2-1 is smaller than that of the inlet of the restricted space so as to ensure the uniformity of air supply and exhaust, the thickness of the honeycomb device 2-1 is between 0.03 and 0.05m, and the aperture of the hole on the honeycomb device 2-1 is between 0.01 and 0.05 m.
Specifically, the number of the vortex extending arms 2-2 is 2 to 4, preferably 4, the number of the vortex extending arms 2-2 is not too large, the number of the extending arms is too large, the more the number of the air flow in the vortex flow guider is, the smaller the angular momentum of the air supply flow at the air outlet 2-3 is, the more the columnar vortex is, only one group of guide plates can cause the asymmetric distribution of the air flow in the limited space, and the air supply flow with the angular momentum under 4 groups of air supply channels is symmetric and has the highest vortex strength.
Example 2
The columnar limited structure is a columnar structure with the front and rear pipe orifices reduced, the columnar limited structure is widely used in the field of industrial production, and smoke dust in the columnar limited structure is more difficult to diffuse due to the structural characteristic that the front and rear pipe orifices are reduced in the columnar limited space.
The embodiment discloses a vortex ventilation device for a columnar restricted space, and has the following technical characteristics that the length of the restricted space is 6.9m, the diameter of the restricted space is 1.6m, the sizes of an inlet and an outlet are 0.5m, the diameter of an inlet of a vortex flow guider is 0.3m, the thickness of an inlet honeycomb plate is 0.03m, the aperture of the vortex flow guider is 0.01m, and the size of a rectangular space in a stretching arm is 0.03m multiplied by 0.02 m. Namely, the distance between the guide plates 2-2-1 and 2-2-3 is 0.03m, and the distance between the guide plates 2-2-2 and 2-2-4 is 0.02 m. In this example, the conventional ventilation mode, the restricted space inlet plus swirl tuyere, and the restricted space internal flow field condition and the residence time of the pollutants in the swirl ventilation mode were compared.
The traditional ventilation mode is as follows: the airflow from the axial flow fan directly enters the restricted space and is discharged through the outlet.
Ventilating a swirl tuyere: the airflow from the axial flow fan enters the limited space after being guided by the rotational flow air port and is discharged through the outlet.
Restricted vortex ventilation: the air current that comes out by axial fan passes through the utility model discloses a get into in the confined space behind the vortex divertor to discharge through the export.
As shown in fig. 8, the flow diagram of the flow field in the confined space is shown in different ventilation modes. When the traditional ventilation mode is adopted, airflow directly enters the limited space from the air supply opening and then is discharged through the outlet, the whole space cannot be filled immediately when high-speed airflow enters the limited space due to the small size of the air supply opening, the airflow near the wall surface has low speed and high pressure, reverse pressure gradient occurs near the wall surface, and circulation flow is generated near the wall surface. When the ventilation mode of the cyclone air port is adopted, the induction ratio of the air flow is increased after the air flow passes through the cyclone, the air flow can deviate from the axis and diffuse towards the periphery, and the peripheral air is continuously sucked, but the air flow cannot be continuously sucked after the air flow is continuously sucked along the direction of the limited wall surface due to the limitation of the limited space, so that the air flow changes the direction and flows towards the axis center, and a backflow area is generated at the position close to the inlet of the limited space. The larger the recirculation zone, the longer the contaminant stays in the space and the more harmful it is to the human body. Compared with the first two ventilation modes, under the action of the vortex flow guider, the airflow is distributed in the whole limited space, and no obvious backflow area exists in a flow field, so that the limited vortex flow ventilation mode is superior to the first two ventilation modes.
Contaminants are released near the wall at point a, as shown in fig. 6, which is a flow diagram of particulate matter under different aeration modes. In order to quantitatively compare the quality of different ventilation modes, the retention time of the particles is used as a standard for evaluating the quality of the ventilation modes, and the specific form of the retention time is as follows:
as shown in table 1 for the residence time of the particles in the different aeration modes, it can be seen that the residence time of the particles in the restricted vortex aeration mode is 18.42s, which is significantly lower than the residence time in the other two aeration modes. The longer the residence time of the contaminant, the less effective the contaminant can be removed from the confined space. Therefore, compared with the traditional air supply mode, pollutants can be effectively discharged in a vortex ventilation mode, and the physical health of workers is effectively guaranteed.
TABLE 1 residence time of the particles in different aeration modes
| Residence time | s |
| Restricted jet ventilation | 40.84 |
| Cyclone tuyere ventilation | 36.85 |
| Restricted vortex ventilation | 18.42 |
Claims (10)
1. A vortex ventilator for confined spaces, characterized by comprising a vortex deflector (2) and an axial fan (1);
the axial flow fans (1) are respectively arranged at an inlet and an outlet of the limited space (3), the axial flow fans (1) at the inlet are used for generating high-speed airflow and sending the high-speed airflow into the limited space (3), and the axial flow fans (1) at the outlet are used for generating exhaust airflow;
the vortex flow guider (2) is arranged at an inlet of the limited space (3) and is used for converting high-speed airflow generated by the axial flow fan (1) at the inlet into air supply airflow with angular momentum, and the air supply airflow and exhaust airflow generated by the axial flow fan (1) at the outlet are combined to generate vortex to realize vortex ventilation of the limited space (3);
the vortex flow guider (2) comprises a honeycomb device (2-1) and a plurality of vortex flow stretching arms (2-2) which are uniformly distributed around the honeycomb device (2-1) at equal intervals, and each vortex flow stretching arm (2-2) is provided with an air outlet (2-3); the honeycombed body (2-1) is used for uniformly sending high-speed airflow, and the vortex extending arms (2-2) are used for dividing the airflow uniformly passing through the honeycombed body (2-1) and outputting air supply airflow with angular momentum through the air outlet (2-3).
2. The scroll ventilation apparatus for a confined space of claim 1, wherein said vortex extending arms (2-2) are shaped as rectangular cavities surrounded by four foldable baffles, including a first baffle (2-2-1), a second baffle (2-2-2), a third baffle (2-2-3) and a fourth baffle (2-2-4).
3. The vortex ventilation apparatus for confined space of claim 2, characterized in that the tip of the vortex extending arm (2-2) is provided with an arc guide plate (2-2-5), the arc guide plate (2-2-5) is respectively connected with the second guide plate (2-2-2), the third guide plate (2-2-3) and the fourth guide plate (2-2-4), and the first guide plate (2-2-1) which is not connected with the arc guide plate (2-2-5) is provided with an air outlet (2-3).
4. A scroll ventilation device for confined spaces as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that said outlets (2-3) are provided with flow equalizing plates.
5. Vortex ventilation device for confined spaces according to claim 4, characterized in that the arc-shaped baffles (2-2-5) are provided with a pull ring (2-4).
6. The scroll ventilation apparatus for a confined space of claim 4 wherein said flow equalizer has an aperture ratio of 80% and an aperture diameter of between 5mm and 10 mm.
7. Vortex ventilation device for confined spaces according to claim 4, characterized in that the outlet mouth (2-3) has the shape of a rectangle, the length of which is the diameter of the first deflector (2-2-1), the width of which is 0.25D-0.1D, D being the diameter of the confined space (3).
8. A scroll ventilation device for confined spaces as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the thickness of the honeycombs (2-1) is between 0.03 and 0.05m and the diameter of the holes in the honeycombs (2-1) is between 0.01 and 0.05 m.
9. Vortex ventilation device for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of said vortex spreading arms (2-2) is 2 to 4.
10. Vortex ventilation device for confined spaces according to claim 9, characterized in that the number of said vortex spreading arms (2-2) is 4.
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| CN201921408570.9U CN210769673U (en) | 2019-08-27 | 2019-08-27 | Vortex ventilation device for limited space |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110594245A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-20 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Vortex ventilation device for limited space |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110594245A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-20 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Vortex ventilation device for limited space |
| CN110594245B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2024-05-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Vortex ventilation device for limited space |
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