CN210535812U - Double-circular-polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed - Google Patents
Double-circular-polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN210535812U CN210535812U CN201921834385.6U CN201921834385U CN210535812U CN 210535812 U CN210535812 U CN 210535812U CN 201921834385 U CN201921834385 U CN 201921834385U CN 210535812 U CN210535812 U CN 210535812U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a two circular polarization patch array antennas based on broadband balun feed, including first dielectric substrate, second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate of from top to bottom range upon range of arrangement; an antenna array composed of a plurality of antenna units is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a circular ring feed network; the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is provided with a first microstrip balun and a second microstrip balun; two feed points of the first microstrip balun are respectively connected with the annular feed network through two coaxial probes, and two feed points of the second microstrip balun are respectively connected with the annular feed network through the remaining two coaxial probes. The utility model discloses in, use the two circular polarization characteristics that the multi-feed point excitation method realized the antenna array to the ring feed network that introduces has reduced the complexity of antenna design as the medium that realizes the weak coupling, has also improved the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of antenna greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an antenna technology field especially relates to a two circular polarization patch array antennas based on broadband balun feed.
Background
Currently, methods for realizing circular polarization of an antenna generally include a single-port excitation method, a multi-feed-point excitation method and a multi-element method. The 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna excited by the single port is about 1 percent, so that the requirement of broadband wireless communication cannot be met; the multi-feed point excitation method can only realize the circular polarization of a single antenna unit, but cannot realize the circular polarization of an antenna array consisting of a plurality of antenna units; the step of designing the circular polarization antenna by adopting the multivariate method is complex, and although the circular polarization of the antenna array can be realized, the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth obtained by the method can only reach about 50 percent.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the technical problem that the background art exists, the utility model provides a two circular polarization patch array antennas based on broadband balun feed.
The utility model provides a two circular polarization paster array antennas based on broadband balun feed, including the first dielectric substrate, second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate of from top to bottom range upon range of arrangement, still include four coaxial probes;
an antenna array composed of a plurality of antenna units is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a circular ring feed network; the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate is provided with a first microstrip balun and a second microstrip balun, and the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate is provided with a grounding layer;
two feed points of the first microstrip balun are respectively connected with the annular feed network through two coaxial probes, and two feed points of the second microstrip balun are respectively connected with the annular feed network through the remaining two coaxial probes.
Preferably, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate have a spacing of 0 to 2mm therebetween.
Preferably, the distance between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate is 1 mm.
Preferably, a corresponding first rectangular branch extends from the circular ring-shaped feed network to each antenna unit, and a corresponding second rectangular branch extends from each antenna unit to the circular ring-shaped feed network; the first rectangular branch and the second rectangular branch are respectively and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular ring-shaped feed network.
Preferably, four hexagonal antenna units are arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, and the four antenna units are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the circular ring-shaped feed network clockwise or counterclockwise and are rotationally symmetric.
Preferably, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are the same in size and dielectric constant.
Preferably, four coaxial probes are vertically arranged through the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the first microstrip balun and the second microstrip balun are both composed of a two-equal-division wilkinson power divider and a 90-degree phase shifter.
Preferably, the first microstrip balun and the second microstrip balun are disposed orthogonally to each other.
Preferably, the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate is printed with a metal ground plate as a ground layer.
The utility model provides a pair of circular polarization paster array antenna based on broadband balun feed, at first microstrip balun, the ring shape feed network has been increased on the basis of second microstrip balun and antenna element, regard ring feed network as the medium of transmission circular polarization, use the excitation signal that the multiple feed point excitation method of presenting through first microstrip balun and second microstrip balun to introduce and have 90 degrees phase differences, and send excitation signal to ring feed network through coaxial probe, ring feed network produces two equal amplitude and phase difference for 90 excitation signal on the antenna array through electromagnetic weak coupling effect, circular polarization characteristic has been realized.
The utility model discloses in, use the two circular polarization characteristics that the multi-feed point excitation method realized the antenna array to the ring feed network that introduces has reduced the complexity of antenna design as the medium that realizes the weak coupling, has also improved the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of antenna greatly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a second dielectric substrate in a dual circular polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed proposed by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a side view of a dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed proposed by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a perspective view of a dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of another perspective view of a dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a microstrip balun circuit.
The figure is as follows: the antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, a third dielectric substrate 3, a coaxial probe 4, an antenna unit 5, a second rectangular branch 5-1, a circular ring feed network 6, a first rectangular branch 6-1, a first microstrip balun 7, a second microstrip balun 8, a ground layer 9, an air layer 10 and a clamping column 11.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the utility model provides a two circular polarization patch array antennas based on broadband balun feed, including first dielectric substrate 1, second dielectric substrate 2 and the third dielectric substrate 3 of from top to bottom range upon range of arrangement, still include four coaxial probes 4. And the dimensions and dielectric constants of the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are the same.
An antenna array consisting of a plurality of antenna elements 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1. The upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 2 is provided with a circular ring-shaped feed network 6. The lower surface of the third dielectric substrate 3 is arranged with a first microstrip balun 7 and a second microstrip balun 8.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the antenna unit 5 is a patch antenna, the circular feed network 6 is printed on the second dielectric substrate 2, and the first microstrip balun 7 and the second microstrip balun 8 are printed on the third dielectric substrate 3. The first microstrip balun 7 and the second microstrip balun 8 are both composed of a two-equal-division wilkinson power divider and a 90-degree phase shifter, as shown in fig. 7.
The upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 3 is provided with a ground layer 9, and specifically, the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 3 is printed with a metal ground plate as the ground layer 9.
Two feeding points of the first microstrip balun 7 are respectively connected with the annular feeding network 6 through two coaxial probes 4, and two feeding points of the second microstrip balun 8 are respectively connected with the annular feeding network 6 through the remaining two coaxial probes 4.
In this way, in the present embodiment, the circular feed network 6 is added on the basis of the first microstrip balun 7, the second microstrip balun 8 and the antenna unit 5, the circular feed network is used as a medium for transferring circular polarization, an excitation signal with a phase difference of 90 degrees is introduced by using a multi-feed-point excitation method through the first microstrip balun 7 and the second microstrip balun 8, and the excitation signal is sent to the circular feed network through the coaxial probe 4, and the circular feed network generates two excitation signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 ° on the antenna array through the weak coupling action of electromagnetic waves, thereby realizing the circular polarization characteristic.
In the embodiment, the double circular polarization characteristic of the antenna array is realized by using a multi-feed-point excitation method, and the introduced circular ring feed network is used as a medium for realizing weak coupling, so that the complexity of antenna design is reduced, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is greatly improved.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, four hexagonal antenna elements 5 are arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, and the four antenna elements 5 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the circular ring-shaped feed network 6 clockwise or counterclockwise and are rotationally symmetric. Therefore, the radiation pattern of the antenna can meet the characteristic of axial symmetry through the central symmetry of the antenna array. In addition, in the embodiment, the first microstrip balun 7 and the second microstrip balun 8 are orthogonally arranged, so that the coupling degree of the antenna port is reduced. In summary, the patch array antenna provided by the embodiment solves the problems that the microstrip patch antenna array has a narrow circular polarization axis specific bandwidth, the dual circular polarization antenna has a high design complexity, the dual circular polarization antenna has a high port coupling degree, and the circular polarization antenna array has a high profile height.
In this embodiment, the four hexagonal antenna elements 5 are arranged, so that the gain of the antenna array is greatly improved.
In the present embodiment, the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 have a pitch of 0 to 2 mm. In this way, the gap between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 forms the air layer 10, so that the annular feed network 6 and the antenna unit 5 can be weakly coupled through the air layer 10, the Q value of the antenna can be effectively reduced, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can be improved. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the distance between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 is 1mm, and at this time, through the weak coupling effect, the antenna has a bandwidth far larger than the 3dB axial ratio obtained by using other methods.
In specific implementation, the clamping column 11 may be disposed between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 to ensure that the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are relatively stable in the spaced state.
In this embodiment, the circular feeding network 6 extends a corresponding first rectangular branch 6-1 towards each antenna unit 5, so as to improve the weak coupling effect between the circular feeding network 6 and the antenna unit 5. Similarly, each antenna unit 5 also extends a corresponding second rectangular branch 5-1 towards the circular ring-shaped feed network 6.
In the present embodiment, four coaxial probes 4 are provided to vertically penetrate the second dielectric substrate 2 and the third dielectric substrate 3, so as to minimize the loss of the signal and to maintain the phase difference of the signal by 90 degrees to the maximum. Specifically, in this embodiment, four coaxial probes 4 are uniformly distributed on the circular ring-shaped feed network 6, and two coaxial probes 4 connected to the same microstrip balun are located at adjacent positions along the circumferential direction of the circular ring-shaped feed network 6.
The following describes a specific embodiment of the present invention, which is used to demonstrate the performance of a dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed.
In this embodiment, the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 have a thickness of 5 mm and a dielectric constant of 2.65; the air layer between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 was 1mm thick. The third dielectric substrate 3 is made of FR4 having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a dielectric constant of 4.4.
The schematic circuit diagram of the first microstrip balun 7 and the second non-microstrip balun adopted in this embodiment is shown in fig. 7, in which:
R＝2·Za，Z2＝2.51·Za，Z3＝1.24·Za，Z4＝Zaza and Zb represent characteristic impedances of an input port and an output port of the microstrip balun respectively, Z1 represents a characteristic impedance of a quarter-wavelength impedance converter in the Wilkinson power divider, R represents a resistor, Z3 represents a characteristic impedance of a main microstrip line in a 90-degree phase shifter, two groups of short-circuit branches and open-circuit branches with characteristic impedance Z2 are loaded at two ends of the main microstrip line respectively, and Z4 represents a characteristic impedance of a three-quarter-wavelength reference microstrip line. In this embodiment, the values of Za and Zb are both 50 ohms, so as to better meet the requirement of impedance matching. In this embodiment, the working frequency bands of the first microstrip balun 7 and the second non-microstrip balun are 1.5-3.5GHz, the return loss is less than-10 dB, and signals with the same amplitude and the phase difference stabilized at 90 ° ± 5 ° can be continuously output in the working frequency bands.
In this embodiment, when the port 1 (i.e., the input port of the first microstrip balun 7) of the array antenna is excited and the port 2 (i.e., the input port of the second microstrip balun 8) is connected to a 50 Ω terminal load, the measurement result shows that the return loss of the array antenna in the 1.72-3.71GHz band is less than-10 dB; conversely, when port 2 is energized and port 1 is connected to 50 terminated loads, the return loss of the array antenna is less than-10 dB in 1.65-3.58 GHz. By comprehensive comparison, the impedance bandwidth of the array antenna at two ports is 70.2% (1.72-3.58 GHz). The port isolation of the antenna is always greater than 15dB from 1.65GHz to 3.71 GHz.
The above description is only the specific implementation of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can be in the technical scope of the present invention, and according to the technical solution of the present invention and the design of the present invention, equivalent replacement or change should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A double circular polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed is characterized by comprising a first dielectric substrate (1), a second dielectric substrate (2) and a third dielectric substrate (3) which are arranged in a stacking mode from top to bottom, and four coaxial probes (4);
an antenna array consisting of a plurality of antenna units (5) is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate (1);
the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate (2) is provided with a circular ring feed network (6); a first microstrip balun (7) and a second microstrip balun (8) are arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate (3), and a grounding layer (9) is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate (3);
two feeding points of the first microstrip balun (7) are respectively connected with the annular feeding network (6) through two coaxial probes (4), and two feeding points of the second microstrip balun (8) are respectively connected with the annular feeding network (6) through the remaining two coaxial probes (4).
2. The dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed of claim 1, characterized in that the first dielectric substrate (1) and the second dielectric substrate (2) have a distance of 0 to 2mm between them.
3. The dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed of claim 2, characterized in that the distance between the first dielectric substrate (1) and the second dielectric substrate (2) is 1 mm.
4. The broadband balun feed-based dual circularly polarized patch array antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the circular feed network (6) extends a corresponding first rectangular branch (6-1) towards each antenna element (5), and each antenna element (5) extends a corresponding second rectangular branch (5-1) towards the circular feed network (6); the first rectangular branch (6-1) and the second rectangular branch (5-1) are respectively and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular ring-shaped feed network (6).
5. The broadband balun feed-based dual circularly polarized patch array antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate (1) is provided with four hexagonal antenna elements (5), and the four antenna elements (5) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the circular ring feed network (6) clockwise or counterclockwise and are rotationally symmetric.
6. The dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first dielectric substrate (1) and the second dielectric substrate (2) are both the same size and dielectric constant.
7. The dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed of claim 1, characterized in that four coaxial probes (4) are arranged perpendicularly through the second dielectric substrate (2) and the third dielectric substrate (3).
8. The dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first microstrip balun (7) and the second microstrip balun (8) are each composed of a two-part wilkinson power divider and a 90 ° phase shifter.
9. The dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed of claim 8, characterized in that the first microstrip balun (7) and the second microstrip balun (8) are placed orthogonal to each other.
10. The dual circularly polarized patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate (3) is printed with a metallic ground plane as ground plane (9).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921834385.6U CN210535812U (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Double-circular-polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed |
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| CN201921834385.6U CN210535812U (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Double-circular-polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110676567A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-10 | 合肥职业技术学院 | Double-circular-polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed |
| CN112072302A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-11 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Broadband circularly polarized filter array antenna with sequential rotary feed |
| CN112909491A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna |
-
2019
- 2019-10-29 CN CN201921834385.6U patent/CN210535812U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110676567A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-10 | 合肥职业技术学院 | Double-circular-polarization patch array antenna based on broadband balun feed |
| CN112072302A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-11 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Broadband circularly polarized filter array antenna with sequential rotary feed |
| CN112909491A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna |
| CN112909491B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-09-13 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna |
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