CN112909491B - Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna - Google Patents
Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112909491B CN112909491B CN202110082596.4A CN202110082596A CN112909491B CN 112909491 B CN112909491 B CN 112909491B CN 202110082596 A CN202110082596 A CN 202110082596A CN 112909491 B CN112909491 B CN 112909491B
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- glass
- antenna
- balun
- vehicle
- dipoles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted glass antenna, which comprises glass, a balun structure arranged in the glass, and an antenna unit arranged on the inner surface of the glass, wherein the antenna unit comprises a radiator and a ground plate, the inner surface of the glass is also connected with one side of a dielectric plate, the other side of the dielectric plate is also provided with a microstrip feeder line, the microstrip feeder line is respectively coupled with the radiator and the balun structure, and the microstrip feeder line is used for being electrically connected with a control device. According to the invention, the antenna unit and the balun structure are respectively arranged on the glass, so that the omnidirectional and low cost of the V2X antenna can be realized while the low profile is realized. The dielectric plate is arranged on the inner surface of the glass, so that the overall height of the antenna is reduced, the antenna is easy to process, and the production cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent traffic equipment, in particular to a vehicle-mounted glass antenna.
Background
The Vehicle networking (V2X, Vehicle-to-evolution) is used for realizing all-around connection and communication between a Vehicle and surrounding vehicles, people, traffic infrastructure, networks and the like, and has outstanding advantages in the aspects of improving traffic efficiency, improving driving safety, reducing accident rate, saving energy, reducing emission and the like. At present, the on-vehicle V2X antenna mountable is in external shark fin, and external shark fin can influence the appearance design of automobile body, increases the windage of increase car when increasing the design degree of difficulty, nevertheless places the V2X antenna in the automobile body, for satisfying the omnidirectional radiation in the 15 pitching angle scope about the V2X antenna, the position of laying of V2X antenna is more restricted, if adopt the distribution all around then increase product cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted glass antenna; the antenna unit and the balun structure are respectively arranged on the glass, so that the omnidirectional and low-cost V2X antenna can be realized while the low profile is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: the utility model provides a be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna, includes glass, still includes the balun structure that sets up in glass inside and sets up the antenna element on glass surface towards the car internal direction, antenna element includes irradiator and ground plate, glass is still connected with one side of dielectric plate towards the internal surface of car internal direction, the opposite side of dielectric plate still is provided with first microstrip feeder, first microstrip feeder is connected with irradiator and balun structure coupling respectively, first microstrip feeder is used for with the controlling means electric connection.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the radiator and the grounding plate are formed in an integrated manufacturing mode.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the radiator is of an annular structure and comprises a plurality of dipoles which are periodically distributed and/or uniformly distributed.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the tail ends of the dipoles are connected with one end of an impedance converter through a power divider, the other end of the impedance converter is connected with a ground plate, a second adjusting gap is formed in the ground plate, and the first microstrip feeder line is in coupling connection with the radiator gap through the second adjusting gap.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the number of the dipoles is three, and the interval between every two adjacent dipoles is 120 degrees.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the power divider is in a regular hexagon shape.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the number of the dipoles is four, and the interval between every two adjacent dipoles is 90 degrees.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the power divider is in a diamond shape.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the balun structure comprises a plurality of balun elements, the number of balun elements corresponding to the number of dipoles.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the tail ends of the plurality of balun units are connected with the output end of the phase controller, the input end of the phase controller is connected with one end of the impedance converter, the other end of the impedance converter is connected with a second microstrip feeder line, and the second microstrip feeder line is in coupling connection with the radiator gap through a second adjusting gap.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the balun unit is in the shape of
And the projection of the balun unit on the antenna unit is projected on the corresponding radiator.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the dipoles are meander dipoles.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the glass is laminated glass and comprises inner-layer glass, a middle layer and outer-layer glass; the balun structure is arranged between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the antenna unit is printed on the outer surface of the inner layer glass facing the interior of the vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the antenna unit and the balun structure are respectively arranged on the glass, so that the omnidirectional and low-cost V2X antenna can be realized while the low profile is realized. The dielectric plate is arranged on the inner surface of the glass facing the interior of the vehicle, the overall height of the antenna is reduced, the antenna is easy to process, and the production cost is low.
(2) The antenna unit and the balun structure are arranged on the glass in a printing mode, horizontal omnidirectional radiation can be achieved, meanwhile, the whole antenna module is basically hidden on the glass, only the dielectric plate with the microstrip feeder line needs to be installed subsequently, and operation is simple.
(3) The antenna unit and the balun structure are coupled with the microstrip feeder line by adopting a gap, so that glass is not damaged, and water leakage in the using process can be prevented or the strength of the glass is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure when the number of printed dipoles is four;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure when the number of printed dipoles is three;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna unit when the number of printed dipoles is four;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna unit when the number of printed dipoles is three;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the balun structure when the number of printed dipoles is four;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the balun structure when the number of printed dipoles is three;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the first microstrip feed line;
FIG. 9 is a return loss S11 plot for a V2X antenna of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a horizontal plane directional diagram of the V2X antenna of the present invention.
In fig. 1 to 10, 1, glass, 2, balun structure, 3, antenna unit, 4, radiator, 5, ground plane, 6, dielectric plate, 7, first microstrip feed line, 8, dipole, 9, power divider, 10, impedance transformer, 11, left arm, 12, right arm, 13, first adjusting slot, 14, transmission line, 16, second adjusting slot, 17, first radiating patch, 18, second radiating patch, 19, balun unit, 20, phase controller, 21, first impedance transformer, 22, second microstrip feed line, 23, long side, 24, short side, 25, connecting side, 26, third radiating patch, 27, fourth radiating patch, 28, inner layer glass, 29, intermediate layer, 30, outer layer glass.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a V2X glass antenna for vehicle use, which includes a glass 1, a balun structure 2 disposed inside the glass 1, and an antenna unit 3 disposed on an outer surface of the glass 1 facing toward the interior of a vehicle, where the antenna unit 3 includes a radiator 4 and a ground plate 5, an inner surface of the glass 1 facing toward the interior of the vehicle is further connected to one side of a dielectric plate 6, and a first microstrip feeder 7 is further disposed on the other side of the dielectric plate 6, the first microstrip feeder 7 is coupled to the radiator 4 and the balun structure 2, the first microstrip feeder 7 is configured to be electrically connected to a control device (not shown in the figure), and the control device may select a device for processing electromagnetic waves in the prior art, and is configured to process electromagnetic waves received by the antenna or transmit electromagnetic waves through the antenna. In the embodiment, the balun structure 2 and the antenna unit 3 are arranged on the glass 1, the balun structure 2 realizes balance-unbalance conversion and omni-directionality within a range of up and down 15 degrees of elevation and depression angles of the antenna unit 3, the dielectric plate 6 can be directly adhered to the inner surface of the glass 1 facing the direction of the interior of the vehicle, the overall height of the antenna is reduced, the antenna is easy to process, and the production cost is low; the balun structure 2 is printed on the inner side of the glass 1, so that horizontal omnidirectional radiation can be realized, meanwhile, the whole antenna module is basically hidden on the skylight glass 1, only the dielectric plate 6 with the feed is required to be installed subsequently, the operation is simple, and the industrial applicability is better. It should be understood that the balun structure 2 and the antenna unit 3 may be disposed on the glass 1 in a printing form or in a patch form, but not limited thereto. Optionally, the antenna unit 3 is used as a conductor layer, and the radiator and the ground plate thereof may be formed in the same conductor layer in a coplanar manner, and have both radiation and grounding functions, so that separate fabrication and overlapping of the radiation unit and the grounding unit are avoided, and the overall lamination thickness can be reduced, thereby achieving a low profile height of the antenna, and in addition, the antenna is convenient for saving process cost and mass production.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the radiator 4 is a ring structure and includes a plurality of periodically and/or uniformly distributed printed dipoles 8, ends of the plurality of printed dipoles 8 are connected to one end of an impedance converter 10 through a power divider 9, the other end of the impedance converter 10 is connected to the ground plane 5, the printed dipoles 8 include dipole arms and two transmission lines 14, the dipole arms include left and right arms 11 and 12, the left and right arms 11 and 12 are connected to ends of the transmission lines 14, ends of the transmission lines 14 are connected to the power divider 9, the left and right arms 11 and 12 are mirror-symmetric, a first adjustment slot 13 is further disposed between the two transmission lines 14, the dipole arms serve as a main radiator of the antenna, and the transmission lines 14 are used to improve impedance characteristics of the antenna and are connected to the impedance converter 10 at the rear end. It is understood that the dipole may be printed or mounted, but not limited thereto. A second adjusting slot 16 is arranged on the grounding plate 5, the first microstrip feeder 7 is in slot coupling connection with the radiator 4 through the second adjusting slot 16, namely the first microstrip feeder 7 transmits electromagnetic waves to the radiator 4 through the second adjusting slot 16, so that slot coupling connection is realized, and meanwhile, the first microstrip feeder 7 transmits the electromagnetic waves to the radiation balun structure 2 through the second adjusting slot 16, so that slot coupling connection with the balun structure 2 is realized; the first microstrip feeder 7 is in slot coupling connection with the balun structure 2 and the antenna unit 3, and compared with microstrip line feeding, coaxial feeding and other modes, the structure of the glass 1 is not changed, and the problems of water leakage, strength reduction and the like of the glass 1 caused by the change of the structure are prevented. The shape of the second adjusting slot 16 may be a dumbbell shape, an i shape, an H shape, or an L shape, preferably a dumbbell shape, that is, the first radiation patch 17 and the second radiation patch 18 are respectively disposed at two ends of the second adjusting slot 16, the first radiation patch 17 and the second radiation patch 18 are circular, the operating frequency band of the antenna can be changed by changing the radius of the first radiation patch 17 and the radius of the second radiation patch 18, and the input impedance can be adjusted by changing the width of the second adjusting slot 16.
Further, the printed dipole 8 is preferably a meander dipole, i.e. the left arm 11 and the right arm 12 are each angled with respect to the transmission line 14. The number of the printed dipoles 8 can be three, and the interval between every two adjacent printed dipoles 8 is 120 degrees; the power divider 9 may have a regular hexagonal shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like. Or the number of the printed dipoles 8 is four, and the interval between two adjacent printed dipoles 8 is 90 degrees; the power divider 9 may have a rhombic shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or the like.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the balun structure 2 is also a ring structure, that is, the balun structure 2 may include a plurality of periodically and/or uniformly distributed balun units 19, the balun units 19 are disposed on the glass in a printing manner, the number of the plurality of balun units 19 corresponds to the number of the plurality of printed dipoles 8, for example, when the number of the printed dipoles 8 in the radiator 4 is three, the number of the corresponding balun units 19 is also three, and the projections of the plurality of balun units on the antenna unit are projected on the corresponding printed dipoles 8; the tail ends of the balun units 19 are connected with the output end of the phase controller 20, the input end of the phase controller 20 is connected with one end of the first impedance converter 21, the other end of the first impedance converter 21 is connected with the second microstrip feed line 22, and the second microstrip feed line 22 is in slot coupling connection with the radiator 4 through the second adjusting slot 16. The electromagnetic wave is in slot coupling connection with the second microstrip feeder 22 through the second adjusting slot 16, so that the structural characteristics of the glass 1 are not damaged while coupling feeding is realized; the balun element 19 has a shape of
The shape is font, namely the balun unit 19 comprises a long side 23, a short side 24 and a connecting plate 25, the long side 23 is connected with the short side 24 through the connecting plate 25, and one end of the long side 23 is connected with the phase controller 20; the balun element 19 projects on the printed dipole 8 with a long side 23 projecting onto the left arm 11 and a short side 24 projecting onto the right arm 12, the connection plate 25 being perpendicular to the first adjustment slit 13 and the secondThe projection of the two microstrip feed lines 22 on the grounding plate 5 is vertical to the second adjusting slot 16; the phase controller 20 is a phase controller 20 that can be changed, and different phase feeding can be realized by changing the length of the phase controller 20, and the phase controller can also be used to realize a directional antenna. And the balun unit 19 realizes the homodromous of currents of two arms of the dipole antenna and ensures the normal work of the dipole antenna.
As shown in fig. 8, one end of the first microstrip feed line 7 is provided with a third radiation patch 26, one end of the second microstrip feed line 22 is provided with a fourth radiation patch 27, the third radiation patch 26 and the fourth radiation patch 27 are circular in shape, and the impedances of the first microstrip feed line 7 and the second microstrip feed line 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the radii of the third radiation patch 26 and the fourth radiation patch 27.
Further, the glass 1 may be a laminated glass 1 including an inner layer glass 28, an intermediate layer 29 and an outer layer glass 30; the balun structure 2 can be arranged between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, the inner surface of the inner layer glass 28 facing the vehicle interior direction is preferably printed, the antenna unit 3 is printed on the outer surface of the inner layer glass 28 facing the vehicle interior direction, the inner layer glass 28 serves as a dielectric plate of the balun structure 2 and the antenna unit 3, the low profile is achieved, the omni-directionality and the low cost of the V2X antenna can be achieved, the installation is convenient, and the performance is stable. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, taking the V2X antenna with four printed dipoles as an example, the impedance bandwidth range of the return loss S11 corresponding to-10 dB or less is 5.32 GHz-7 GHz, and the operating frequency band including V2X can be used to implement the car networking function. Meanwhile, the out-of-roundness of the antenna in the horizontal plane is less than 2dB, and the omni-directional index of the V2X antenna is basically met.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna, includes glass, its characterized in that: still including setting up the balun structure inside glass and setting up the antenna element on glass surface towards the car internal direction, the antenna element includes irradiator and ground plate, glass is still connected with one side of dielectric plate towards the internal surface of car internal direction, the opposite side of dielectric plate still is provided with first microstrip feeder, first microstrip feeder is connected with irradiator and balun structure coupling respectively, first microstrip feeder is used for and controlling means electric connection, be provided with the second on the ground plate and adjust the gap, first microstrip feeder passes through second regulation gap and irradiator gap coupling connection.
2. The glass antenna applied to the vehicle-mounted device according to claim 1, wherein: the radiator and the grounding plate are formed in an integrated manufacturing mode.
3. The glass antenna applied to the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radiator is of an annular structure, comprises a plurality of dipoles and is periodically distributed.
4. A glass antenna for vehicle application according to claim 3, wherein: the tail ends of the dipoles are connected with one end of an impedance converter through a power divider, and the other end of the impedance converter is connected with a grounding plate.
5. A glass antenna for vehicle application according to claim 3, wherein: the number of the dipoles is three, and the interval between every two adjacent dipoles is 120 degrees.
6. A glass antenna for vehicle use according to claim 3, wherein: the number of the dipoles is four, and the interval between every two adjacent dipoles is 90 degrees.
7. A glass antenna for vehicle use according to claim 3, wherein: the balun structure comprises a plurality of balun elements, and the number of balun elements corresponds to the number of dipoles.
8. The glass antenna applied to the vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the tail ends of the balun units are connected with the output end of the phase controller, the input end of the phase controller is connected with one end of the impedance converter, the other end of the impedance converter is connected with a second microstrip feeder line, and the second microstrip feeder line is in coupling connection with the radiator gap through a second adjusting gap.
9. The glass antenna applied to the vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the balun unit is in the shape of
And the projection of the balun unit on the antenna unit is projected on the corresponding radiator.
10. A glass antenna for vehicle use according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the glass is laminated glass and comprises inner-layer glass, a middle layer and outer-layer glass; the balun structure is arranged between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the antenna unit is arranged on the outer surface of the inner layer glass facing the direction in the vehicle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110082596.4A CN112909491B (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110082596.4A CN112909491B (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112909491A CN112909491A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| CN112909491B true CN112909491B (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110082596.4A Active CN112909491B (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN112909491B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113506978B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2023-05-16 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted V2X antenna, glass assembly and vehicle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112909491A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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