CN210420164U - Device for assisting metal surface laser cladding nano ceramic coating through ultrasonic fixed-point focusing - Google Patents
Device for assisting metal surface laser cladding nano ceramic coating through ultrasonic fixed-point focusing Download PDFInfo
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- CN210420164U CN210420164U CN201920962880.9U CN201920962880U CN210420164U CN 210420164 U CN210420164 U CN 210420164U CN 201920962880 U CN201920962880 U CN 201920962880U CN 210420164 U CN210420164 U CN 210420164U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for laser cladding of nano ceramic coating on metal surface by ultrasonic fixed-point focusing, which comprises a central console, a laser water chiller, an mechanical arm, a synchronous powder feeder, a laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle, a semicircular ultrasonic transducer, an argon gas storage tank, an experiment table, a metal matrix, a clamp and an infrared generator; nano ceramic powder is placed in the synchronous powder feeder; the laser, the laser water chiller and the synchronous powder feeder are respectively connected with the central console through electric signals; the laser water chiller is used for cooling the laser; the synchronous powder feeder and the argon gas storage tank are respectively communicated with the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle; the metal matrix is fixed in the middle of the upper end of the experiment table; the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle is vertically fixed right above the metal matrix through a mechanical arm; the semicircular ultrasonic transducer is obliquely fixed on the side part of the mechanical arm through a clamp; the infrared generator is fixed at the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a device of supplementary metal surface laser cladding nanometer ceramic coating of supersound fixed point focus belongs to coating and surface modification technical field.
Background
The nano ceramic is a composite material made by introducing nano ceramic particles, whiskers, fibers and the like into a ceramic matrix to improve the performance of the ceramic, improves the room-temperature mechanical property of the matrix material, improves the high-temperature performance, and has machinability and superplasticity. The nano ceramic material has the advantages of high melting point, small heat conductivity coefficient, high thermal expansion coefficient, good thermal stability and the like, is one of the most widely applied thermal barrier coating materials, and is widely applied to extreme environments in the fields of aerospace, marine chemical industry and the like.
The laser cladding technology is a branch of the laser surface modification technology, is a feasible surface modification technology which is developed along with the development of high-power lasers in the 70 s of the 20 th century, and the distribution interval of the laser power density is 104～106W/cm2. The laser cladding is a method for adding cladding materials on the surface of a base material and fusing the cladding materials and a thin layer on the surface of the base material together by using high-energy-density laser, so that a material adding cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the base layer is formed on the surface of the base layer. The laser cladding technology can obtain a surface cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the matrix and has low dilution rate, has small heat influence on the matrix and can also carry out local cladding. The laser cladding technology becomes one of important means for preparing new materials, quickly manufacturing metal parts, repairing and remanufacturing failed metal parts, and is widely applied to the industries of aviation, petrochemical engineering, automobiles, machine manufacturing, ships, die manufacturing and the like. Compared with the traditional techniques of surfacing, spraying, electroplating and vapor deposition, the laser cladding has the characteristics of low dilution rate, less pores and crack defects, compact structure, good combination of a cladding layer and a matrix, more materials suitable for cladding, large variation of powder granularity and content and the like, so the laser cladding technique has very wide application prospect.
When the nano ceramic coating is cladded on the metal surface by utilizing the laser cladding technology, the convection mode in the molten pool is simpler under the action of a single heat source, and the mutual melting and diluting action between the ceramic coating and the metal matrix easily causes the uneven distribution of the internal structure and components of the composite coating. The ceramic coating and the metal matrix often have larger thermophysical property difference, in the solidification process, larger thermal stress is generated in the composite coating, the cracking sensitivity of the composite coating is higher, and the defects of cracks, air holes and the like are easily formed, so that the bonding strength of the ceramic coating and the metal matrix is greatly reduced, and the application of the laser cladding technology in preparing the metal and coating functional gradient coating is seriously restricted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the problems, the utility model provides a device for utilizing ultrasonic fixed-point focusing to assist the laser cladding of the metal surface with the nano ceramic coating for the first time, and in the laser cladding process, fixed-point ultrasonic focusing is introduced to act on the bonding surface of the metal matrix and the nano ceramic powder layer, so that the mutual diffusion of elements between the metal matrix and the nano ceramic powder layer is promoted, and good metallurgical bonding is formed between the metal matrix and the nano ceramic powder layer; meanwhile, the heat effect, the cavitation effect and the acoustic flow effect generated by the ultrasonic focus can promote the formation of crystal nucleus and the fluidity of liquid metal, so that the tissue components are more uniform, the structure is more compact, and the strength, the wear resistance and other properties of the cladding layer are improved. The ultrasonic fixed-point focusing is adopted, the defects that the cladding layer is thinned and diffused to the periphery due to the fact that the traditional ultrasonic can only act on all the molten pools and the substrate are overcome, and the size of the bonding surface of the cladding layer and the substrate and the thickness of the cladding layer can be accurately controlled; and moreover, the flexibility degree is high, and the laser cladding device is suitable for various complex laser cladding processing environments.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
the device for assisting the laser cladding of the metal surface with the nano ceramic coating by ultrasonic fixed-point focusing comprises a central control console, a laser water cooling machine, a mechanical arm, a synchronous powder feeder, a laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle, a semicircular ultrasonic transducer, an argon gas storage tank, an experiment table, a metal substrate, a clamp and an infrared generator; nano ceramic powder is placed in the synchronous powder feeder; the laser, the laser water chiller and the synchronous powder feeder are respectively in electrical signal connection with the central console; the laser water chiller is used for cooling the laser; the synchronous powder feeder and the argon gas storage tank are respectively communicated with the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle; the metal matrix is fixed in the middle of the upper end of the experiment table; the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle is vertically fixed right above the metal matrix through the mechanical arm; the semicircular ultrasonic transducer is obliquely fixed on the side part of the mechanical arm through a clamp; the infrared generator is fixed at the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle; the light spot of the infrared light emitted by the infrared generator on the metal substrate is superposed with the ultrasonic focusing point of the semicircular ultrasonic transducer on the metal substrate; the laser emitted by the laser is emitted from the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle and then is superposed with the light spot.
Furthermore, the semicircular ultrasonic transducer comprises an ultrasonic generator and a focusing lens fixed at the front end of the ultrasonic generator; ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator pass through the focusing lens and are focused on the light spot.
Furthermore, the included angle between the semicircular ultrasonic transducer and the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle is 30 degrees.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses at laser cladding's in-process, introduce fixed point ultrasonic focusing and act on the faying face of metal substrate and nanometer ceramic powder layer, promoted the interdiffusion of element between metal substrate and the nanometer ceramic powder layer, made form good metallurgical bonding between metal substrate and the nanometer ceramic powder layer.
2. The utility model discloses in the experiment of introducing metal surface laser cladding ceramic coating faying face with supersound fixed point focus, utilize heat effect, cavitation effect, the acoustic current effect that the ultrasonic focus produced, promote the formation of crystal nucleus and the mobility of liquid metal, make the composition of organizing even more, the structure is compacter, improves the intensity of cladding layer and performance such as wearability.
3. The utility model discloses act on laser cladding metal surface and ceramic coating faying face with supersound fixed point focus, overcome traditional supersound supplementary laser cladding in-process supersound messenger cladding layer attenuation, cladding the irregular defect of shape random change, reach the accurate control of certain degree.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of the semicircular ultrasonic transducer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a working schematic diagram of the semicircular ultrasonic transducer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an experimental effect diagram of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote:
1. a computer; 2. a center console; 3. a laser; 4. a laser water chiller; 5. a mechanical arm; 6. a synchronous powder feeder; 7. a laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle; 8. a semicircular ultrasonic transducer; 81. an ultrasonic generator; 82. a focusing lens; 9. an argon gas storage tank; 10. a laboratory bench; 11. a metal substrate; 12. a powder layer; 13. light spots; 14. a molten pool; 15. a cladding layer; 16. a clamp; 17. an infrared generator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the device for assisting metal surface laser cladding of nano ceramic coating by ultrasonic fixed point focusing comprises a central console 2, a laser 3, a laser water chiller 4, a mechanical arm 5, a synchronous powder feeder 6, a laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7, a semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8, an argon gas storage tank 9, an experiment table 10, a metal matrix 11, a clamp 16 and an infrared generator 17; nano ceramic powder is placed in the synchronous powder feeder 6; the laser 3, the laser water chiller 4 and the synchronous powder feeder 6 are respectively connected with the central console 2 through electric signals; the laser water chiller 4 provides cooling for the laser 3; the synchronous powder feeder 6 and the argon gas storage tank 9 are respectively communicated with the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7; the metal matrix 11 is fixed in the middle of the upper end of the experiment table 10; the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7 is vertically fixed right above the metal base body 11 through the mechanical arm 5; the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 is obliquely fixed on the side part of the mechanical arm 5 through a clamp 16; the infrared generator 17 is fixed at the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7; the light spot 13 of the infrared light emitted by the infrared generator 17 on the metal substrate 11 coincides with the ultrasonic focusing point of the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 on the metal substrate 11; the laser emitted by the laser 3 is emitted from the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7 and then is superposed with the light spot 13; the synchronous powder feeder 6 sends the nano ceramic powder to the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7, and the nano ceramic powder is sprayed out from the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7, is irradiated by laser and is melted, and covers the metal matrix 11; and an argon gas storage tank 9 is used for introducing argon gas into the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7.
Further, the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 includes an ultrasonic generator 81 and a focusing lens 82 fixed to a front end of the ultrasonic generator 81; the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic wave generator 81 passes through the focusing lens 82 and is focused on the spot 13.
Furthermore, the included angle between the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 and the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7 is 30 degrees.
Specifically, the embodiment is to use the device to prepare a zirconia and yttria ceramic thin-wall part on the surface of a high-temperature titanium alloy, and the practical implementation process is described by combining the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the method for laser cladding by using the device for laser cladding nano ceramic coating on the surface of the metal assisted by ultrasonic fixed point focusing comprises the following steps:
A. cutting a high-temperature titanium alloy substrate (namely a metal substrate 11) into 70 multiplied by 15 multiplied by 6mm on a wire cutting machine, then polishing the high-temperature titanium alloy substrate, cleaning the high-temperature titanium alloy substrate by using 99.7% of absolute ethyl alcohol, and then fixing the cleaned high-temperature titanium alloy substrate at a zero coordinate on the upper end face of an experiment table 10;
B. will Y2O3Ceramic powder, ZrO2Baking ceramic powder (i.e. nano ceramic powder) in an oven for two hours, and baking the baked Y2O3Ceramic powder, ZrO2Ceramic powderPlacing the powder in a synchronous powder feeder 6, and setting the powder feeding flow of the synchronous powder feeder 6 to be 4L/min;
C. the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7 is vertically fixed at the lower part of the mechanical arm 5; the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 is obliquely fixed on the side part of the mechanical arm 5 by a clamp 16; adjusting a mechanical arm 5 to enable the position of a laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7 to be positioned right above the high-temperature titanium alloy matrix; starting the laser water chiller 4 through the central console 2, then starting the infrared generator 17 at the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7, and adjusting infrared light emitted by the infrared generator 17 to form a light spot 13 with the diameter of 4mm on the upper end surface of the high-temperature titanium alloy substrate; then, the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 is started, and the ultrasonic focusing point of the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 on the high-temperature titanium alloy substrate is adjusted to be coincided with the light spot 13; then the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 is turned off;
D. starting an argon gas storage tank 9, and communicating the argon gas storage tank 9 with the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7; the gas flow of the argon gas storage tank 9 is set to be 3L/min, and the pressure is 0.2 MPa;
E. starting a semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8, and then respectively starting a synchronous powder feeder 6 and a laser 3 through a central console 2 to carry out laser cladding; the ultrasonic power of the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 is set to 250W, and the laser power of the laser 3 is set to 1300W; the laser 3 emits laser, and the laser is coincided with the light spot 13 after being emitted from the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7; the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 releases ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic focusing point is superposed with the light spot 13; the synchronous powder feeder 6 feeds Y2O3Ceramic powder, ZrO2Ceramic powder is sent to a laser coaxial powder-sending nozzle 7, Y2O3Ceramic powder, ZrO2Ceramic powder is sprayed out from the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7, is irradiated by laser and is melted, and covers the high-temperature titanium alloy substrate; argon is introduced into the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle 7 through an argon storage tank 9; the computer 1 is connected with the center console 2 through electric signals, and various parameters in the operation process can be observed through the computer 1;
in the above step, Y2O3Ceramic powder, ZrO2The ceramic powder is melted by the laser irradiation and covered on the high-temperature titanium alloy substrate to form a powder layer 12, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8 and the laser emitted by the laser 3 are superposed at a light spot 13, and the ultrasonic wave, the laser and the Y are2O3Ceramic powder, ZrO2The ceramic powders interact to form a molten pool 14 on the high temperature titanium alloy substrate. After laser cladding is finished, the cladding layer 15 can be obtained on the high-temperature titanium alloy matrix.
F. After laser cladding is finished, closing the semicircular ultrasonic transducer 8, the synchronous powder feeder 6, the laser 3, the argon gas storage tank 9, the laser water chiller 4 and the mechanical arm 5 in sequence; and (4) cooling the cladded high-temperature titanium alloy matrix at room temperature for 10 min.
The above only is the embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the patent scope of the present invention, all the equivalent structures or equivalent processes that are used in the specification and the attached drawings or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The device for assisting metal surface laser cladding of nano ceramic coating by ultrasonic fixed point focusing is characterized in that: the device comprises a central control console (2), a laser (3), a laser water chiller (4), a mechanical arm (5), a synchronous powder feeder (6), a laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle (7), a semicircular ultrasonic transducer (8), an argon gas storage tank (9), an experiment table (10), a metal matrix (11), a clamp (16) and an infrared generator (17); nano ceramic powder is placed in the synchronous powder feeder (6); the laser (3), the laser water chiller (4) and the synchronous powder feeder (6) are respectively in electric signal connection with the central console (2); the laser water chiller (4) is used for cooling the laser (3); the synchronous powder feeder (6) and the argon gas storage tank (9) are respectively communicated with the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle (7); the metal matrix (11) is fixed in the middle of the upper end of the experiment table (10); the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle (7) is vertically fixed right above the metal base body (11) through the mechanical arm (5); the semicircular ultrasonic transducer (8) is obliquely fixed on the side part of the mechanical arm (5) through a clamp (16); the infrared generator (17) is fixed at the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle (7); a light spot (13) of infrared light emitted by the infrared generator (17) on the metal substrate (11) is superposed with an ultrasonic focusing point of the semicircular ultrasonic transducer (8) on the metal substrate (11); the laser emitted by the laser (3) is emitted from the lower end of the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle (7) and then is superposed with the light spot (13).
2. The device for laser cladding of the nano ceramic coating on the surface of the metal by the aid of the ultrasonic fixed-point focusing according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the semicircular ultrasonic transducer (8) comprises an ultrasonic generator (81) and a focusing lens (82) fixed at the front end of the ultrasonic generator (81); ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator (81) pass through the focusing lens (82) and are focused on the light spot (13).
3. The device for laser cladding of the nano ceramic coating on the surface of the metal by the aid of the ultrasonic fixed-point focusing according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the included angle between the semicircular ultrasonic transducer (8) and the laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle (7) is 30 degrees.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920962880.9U CN210420164U (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Device for assisting metal surface laser cladding nano ceramic coating through ultrasonic fixed-point focusing |
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| CN201920962880.9U CN210420164U (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Device for assisting metal surface laser cladding nano ceramic coating through ultrasonic fixed-point focusing |
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