CN210420094U

CN210420094U - Smelting device for smelting waste lead

Info

Publication number: CN210420094U
Application number: CN201921149062.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 巫文嵩; 陈军
Original assignee: Sichuan Zhengxiang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Zhengxiang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-19
Filing date: 2019-07-19
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-19

Abstract

The utility model relates to a smelting device for smelting waste lead, which comprises a furnace body supported in a furnace body frame, wherein the furnace body comprises a lower part air hole water jacket, a lower part reduction water jacket, an upper reduction water jacket and a preheating zone water jacket which are arranged from bottom to top, a charging platform is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body frame, a furnace top charging door is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body and at two sides corresponding to the charging platform, a furnace cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, a cavity which is in an inverted quadrangular frustum shape is arranged at the upper part of the furnace cylinder body, an arc groove is arranged at the bottom of the cavity of the furnace cylinder, the mouth part of the cavity of the furnace cylinder is in a rectangular shape, wherein the depth of the cavity is 0.38-0.42m, the side wall of the cavity of the furnace cylinder is provided with a first alloy siphon front end pore canal and a second alloy siphon front end pore canal which are inclined upwards, the downstream end of a siphon rear section extends, a furnace top smoke hood is arranged above the furnace body.

Description

Smelting device for smelting waste lead

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a useless field of handling of danger, concretely relates to a smelt device for useless lead is smelted.

Background

In the recovery of waste batteries, the utilization of low-grade zinc and lead is crucial, and the smelting method of lead can be simply summarized into two major types, namely a traditional method and a direct lead smelting method. When the conventional lead smelting shaft furnace is used for smelting production, furnace burden is granulated and then is added into an oxidation area from the top, the furnace burden is rapidly heated and melted, and chemical reaction is completed, when the conventional lead smelting shaft furnace is used for smelting production, basically, the lead content of a processed material is larger than or equal to 35%, the production is normal, and the furnace shutdown accident can not be frequently caused, but when the lead content of the processed material is larger than or equal to 30%, the amount of lead alloy generated in unit time is reduced, the temperature of a furnace hearth is sharply reduced, and the furnace hearth is often caused to be dead and production shutdown. The lead smelting shaft furnace has the defects of low alloy yield when processing low-grade materials, large difficulty in thermal cycle of the hearth, long time, reduced temperature of the hearth, dead hearth, generally small hearth area and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at prior art not enough, provide a smelt device for lead scrap is smelted, when it can solve lead smelting furnace and handle low-grade material, the hearth temperature is low, the hearth knot dies, the low scheduling problem of hearth ability.

The purpose of the utility model is realized like this: the furnace comprises a furnace body supported in a furnace body frame, wherein the furnace body comprises a lower air hole water jacket, a lower reduction water jacket, an upper reduction water jacket and a preheating zone water jacket which are arranged from bottom to top, wherein an inner cavity of the lower air hole water jacket forms an air hole high-temperature smelting zone with the temperature of 1000-1300 degrees, an inner cavity of the lower reduction water jacket forms a lower reduction zone with the temperature of 750-1000 degrees, an inner cavity of the upper reduction water jacket forms an upper reduction zone with the temperature of 500-750 degrees, an inner cavity of the preheating zone water jacket forms a preheating zone with the temperature of 300-500 degrees, a feeding platform is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body frame, furnace top doors are arranged at two sides of the upper end of the furnace body corresponding to the feeding platform, a feeding furnace cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, a concave cavity which is in an inverted quadrangular frustum shape is arranged upwards in the furnace cylinder body, an arc groove is arranged at, wherein the cavity degree of depth is 0.38-0.42m, slag notch, back slag notch before the cavity of hearth sets up at the ascending both ends of length direction, the lateral wall of the cavity of hearth sets up oblique slope's first alloy siphon front end pore, second alloy siphon front end pore, and the upstream end and the cavity bottom intercommunication in alloy siphon front end pore, interval between two siphon front end pores are greater than the cavity oral area length of one third hearth, the downstream end and the siphon back end pipe section of siphon front end pore section are connected, the downstream end of siphon back end pipe section outwards extends, the downstream end of siphon back end pipe section is less than the cavity bottom minimum of hearth, the cavity circular arc recess of hearth sets up the end lead discharge pore of downward sloping, end lead discharge pore is located between two alloy siphon front end pores, the furnace body top sets up the petticoat pipe.

The furnace hearth comprises a high-aluminum refractory brick outer layer, a high-aluminum castable middle layer and a high-aluminum steel wire self-flowing castable inner liner, and is arranged in a steel outer frame.

The height of the lower wind eye water jacket is 1.4-1.6m, the height of the lower reduction water jacket is 1.4-1.6m, the height of the upper reduction water jacket is 1.4-1.6m, and the height of the water jacket of the preheating zone is 0.9-1.1 m.

The lower part of the side wall of the lower wind eye water jacket is provided with a plurality of wind eyes extending inwards, the tail ends of the wind eyes, which are positioned on the outer wall of the water jacket, are connected with the air inlet branch pipe, one end of each wind eye, which faces the high-temperature smelting area of the air port, is enclosed to form a wind port area, the length of the wind port area is 5-8 meters, and the width of the wind port area is 1-1.8 meters.

The bottom lead discharge hole obliquely penetrates through the hearth, the central axis of the bottom lead discharge hole and the horizontal included angle are 5 degrees, the bottom lead discharge hole is communicated with the bottom of the arc groove, and the open end of the bottom lead discharge hole, which is arranged at the upstream end of the arc groove, is oval.

The concave cavity of the hearth is provided with a slope surface which is respectively transited to a front slag hole and a rear slag hole, and the inclination angle of the slope surface is 5-30 degrees.

The first alloy siphon front end pore canal and the second alloy siphon front end pore canal are positioned on the same side of the hearth.

A first alloy siphon front-end pore canal is arranged at one third position of the opening part of the cavity of the hearth, and a second alloy siphon front-end pore canal is arranged at two thirds position of the opening part of the cavity of the hearth.

The lower air hole water jacket and the lower reduction water jacket are copper or steel boiler steel plate water jackets, and the upper reduction water jacket and the preheating zone water jacket are steel water jackets.

By adopting the scheme, a large amount of hot coke on the lower air eye water jacket is combusted with oxygen-enriched air to generate a large amount of heat, carbon monoxide gas and carbon dioxide gas, most materials in the tuyere high-temperature smelting zone are melted at high temperature, so that a high-temperature smelting zone is formed in the lower air eye water jacket, the high-temperature carbon dioxide generated in the smelting zone rises to the inner cavity of the lower reducing water jacket and reacts with the high-temperature coke in the lower reducing water jacket to generate a large amount of carbon monoxide, the carbon monoxide is gathered with the carbon monoxide generated in the smelting zone and reacts with metal oxides in the lower reducing water jacket to generate a reducing reaction, so that a lower reducing zone is formed, the carbon monoxide which is not reacted in the lower reducing zone rises to the inner cavity of the upper reducing water jacket and reacts with the metal oxides which are easy to reduce, so that an upper reducing zone is formed, a large amount of high-temperature flue, After the material in the upper reduction zone is cooled, a large amount of heat is also contained, and the material which is just added into the furnace can be preheated and heated, so that a preheating zone is formed. The utility model discloses, increased the exhanst path of slag and alloy, when a set of passageway broke down, another group's passageway can be timely connect, avoided the emergence of the dead stove of blowing out. The lead alloy has short staying time in the hearth, so that the heat exchange frequency in the hearth is high. The heat exchange and heat balance of the furnace hearth are stable, and the production can be selectively controlled to discharge lead alloy through the back-end siphon when slag is discharged from the front slag hole; when the back slag hole discharges slag, the front siphon channel discharges lead alloy, the heat exchange between hot slag and lead alloy is completed to the maximum extent, the quality of lead alloy is improved, the production furnace period of the smelting device is prolonged, the shutdown times are reduced, each slag and alloy discharge channel is reasonably adjusted during normal production, and the production period of the furnace is prolonged. By adopting the utility model, when the lead smelting furnace can be used for processing low-grade materials, the temperature of the hearth is low, the hearth is dead, the hearth capacity is low, and the like.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the hearth.

In the attached drawing, 1 is a furnace body frame, 2 is a furnace body, 3 is a charging platform, 4 is a furnace top charging door, 5 is a furnace cylinder, 6 is a front slag hole, 7 is a rear slag hole, 8 is a first alloy siphon front end pore canal, 9 is a second alloy siphon front end pore canal, 10 is a bottom lead discharge pore canal, 11 is a furnace top smoke hood, 12 is a high-aluminum refractory brick outer layer, 13 is a high-aluminum casting material middle layer, 14 is a high-aluminum steel wire self-flow casting material inner lining layer, 15 is a steel outer frame, 16 is a wind eye, 17 is an air inlet branch pipe, 21 is a lower wind eye water jacket, 22 is a lower reduction water jacket, 23 is an upper reduction water jacket, and 24 is a preheating zone water jacket.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a smelting device for smelting waste lead comprises a furnace body 2 supported in a furnace body frame 1, wherein the furnace body 2 comprises a lower tuyere water jacket 21, a lower reducing water jacket 22, an upper reducing water jacket 23 and a preheating zone water jacket 24 which are arranged from bottom to top, a plurality of inner extending tuyeres 16 are arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the lower tuyere water jacket 21, the tuyeres 16 are positioned at the tail end of the outer wall of the water jacket and are connected with a wind inlet branch pipe 17, one end of the tuyeres 16 facing a tuyere high-temperature smelting zone is enclosed to form a tuyere zone, the length of the tuyere zone is 5 to 8 meters, the width of the tuyere zone is 1 to 1.8 meters, in the embodiment, the length of the tuyere zone is 6.5 meters, and the width of the tuyere zone is 1.4 meters. The height of the lower reducing water jacket 22 is 1.4-1.6m, the height of the upper reducing water jacket 23 is 1.4-1.6m, and the height of the preheating zone water jacket 24 is 0.9-1.1 m; in the embodiment, the height of the lower eye water jacket 21 is 1.4-1.6m, the height of the lower eye water jacket 21 is 1.5m, the height of the lower reduction water jacket 22 is 1.5m, the height of the upper reduction water jacket 23 is 1.5, and the height of the preheating zone water jacket 24 is 1.5. Wherein, the inner cavity of the lower tuyere water jacket 21 forms a tuyere high-temperature smelting zone with the temperature of 1000-1300 degrees, the inner cavity of the lower reducing water jacket 22 forms a lower reducing zone with the temperature of 750-1000 degrees, the inner cavity of the upper reducing water jacket 23 forms an upper reducing zone with the temperature of 500-750 degrees, the inner cavity of the preheating zone water jacket 24 forms a preheating zone with the temperature of 300-500 degrees, the upper end of the furnace body frame 1 is provided with a charging platform 3, and the two sides of the upper end of the furnace body 2 corresponding to the charging platform 3 are provided with furnace top charging doors 4.

The lower extreme of furnace body sets up furnace hearth 5, furnace hearth 5 includes high-alumina refractory brick outer 12, high-alumina castable middle level 13 and high-alumina steel silk self-flowing castable inner liner 14, furnace hearth 5 places in outer frame of steel 15. The furnace hearth 5 body is provided with a cavity which is upward and is in an inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, the bottom of the cavity of the furnace hearth is provided with an arc groove, the opening part of the cavity of the furnace hearth is rectangular, the depth of the cavity is 0.38-0.42m, the depth of the cavity is 0.4m in the embodiment, the two ends of the cavity of the furnace hearth in the length direction are provided with a front slag hole 6 and a rear slag hole 7, the cavity of the furnace hearth 5 is provided with a slope surface which is respectively transited to the front slag hole 6 and the rear slag hole 7, and the slope angle is 5-30 degrees. The bottom of cinder notch can all be less than 3-5mm along on the hearth 5, the lateral wall of the cavity of hearth sets up slant slope's first alloy siphon front end pore 8, second alloy siphon front end pore 9, and first alloy siphon front end pore 8, second alloy siphon front end pore 9 can be located the same one side of hearth 5, preferably, cavity oral area one-third position department of hearth sets up first alloy siphon front end pore 9, cavity oral area two-thirds position department of hearth sets up second alloy siphon front end pore 9, and two alloy siphon front end pore are about the axis symmetric arrangement of the cavity of hearth. The upper reaches end and the cavity bottom intercommunication in alloy siphon front end pore, and the interval between two siphon front end holes is greater than the cavity oral area length of one-third crucible, the low reaches end and the siphon back end pipe section of siphon front end hole section are connected, the low reaches end of siphon back end pipe section outwards extends, the low reaches end of siphon back end pipe section is less than the lowest department in cavity bottom of crucible, the cavity circular arc recess of crucible sets up the end lead discharge pore 10 of downward sloping, end lead discharge pore 10 is located between two alloy siphon front end pore, end lead discharge pore 10 slant runs through crucible 5, the central axis and the horizontal contained angle of end lead discharge pore 10 are 5, end lead discharge pore 10 communicates with each other with the bottom of circular arc recess, end lead discharge pore 10 sets up the open end at the upper reaches end of circular arc recess and is the ellipse. The furnace top smoke hood 11 is arranged above the furnace body 2, and smoke emission is facilitated.

When the scheme is adopted to smelt the waste lead, a large amount of roasted coke and oxygen-enriched air blown in through the air holes 16 are combusted in the lower air hole water jacket 21 to generate a large amount of heat, carbon monoxide gas and carbon dioxide gas, most materials in the high-temperature smelting zone are melted at high temperature, so that a smelting zone with the height of about 1.5m is formed in the high-temperature smelting zone, the high-temperature carbon dioxide generated in the high-temperature smelting zone rises to the lower reduction water jacket 22 to react with the high-temperature coke in the lower reduction water jacket 22 to generate a large amount of carbon monoxide, the carbon monoxide is gathered with the carbon monoxide generated in the smelting zone and is subjected to reduction reaction with metal oxides in the lower reduction water jacket 22, so that a lower reduction zone with the height of about 1.5m is formed, the unreacted carbon monoxide in the lower reduction zone rises to the upper reduction water jacket 23 to perform reduction reaction with the metal oxides which are easy to be reduced, so that an upper reduction zone with, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas generated by burning coke and oxygen in the smelting zone also contains a large amount of heat after the temperature of materials in the lower reduction zone and the upper reduction zone is reduced, and the materials which are just added into the furnace can be preheated and heated, so that a preheating zone with the height of about 1 meter is formed.

The comparison between the smelting device applying the technical scheme and the old smelting device with the same specification is as follows:

the same materials are mixed and then are divided into two parts, the two devices independently process the same materials, and the production control is consistent with the production parameters.

The ingredients of the materials are listed

The two devices respectively take 354.9t lead-containing waste residues, 429.98t pyrite cinder, 65.4t cone glass powder and 54.75t limestone to prepare 905t mixture containing pb 18.11%, Zn1.91%, Cu0.07%, sb 0.18%, Sn0.24%, Fe23.46%, SiO213.15%, CaO3.19% and S3.97%. The mixture is pressed into bricks by a brick press, automatically piled, stacked and aired, 10.5 percent of coke is added into a charging trolley, and then the mixture is added into a device, the reaction conditions of the two devices are the same, the temperature of a smelting area is 1000-1300 ℃, the wind pressure is 16.2kpa, and the wind volume is 120-180 m 3/min.

Use smelting unit production line of this technical scheme to smelt 3 days 22 hours in succession, when slag notch 6 slagging before adopting, discharge crude lead through second alloy siphon front end pore, when slag notch 7 slagging after adopting, adopt first alloy siphon front end pore 9 to discharge crude lead, slag and alloy convection are more abundant in the stove, and the heat exchange number of times is more in the stove, produces crude lead 148.28t altogether, smoke and dust 27.44t, slag 642.39t, iron sulfonium 87.26.

In the production process of the embodiment, an equal-specification old smelting device production line continuously smelts for 4 days and 4 hours, and produces crude lead 144.95t, smoke 28.94t, slag 648.39t and iron sulfonium 82.76 according to the original production operation mode.

The utility model discloses each production bid obviously is superior to old smelting device, and the vertical yield is improved to 87.44% by the 85% of old smelting device, and the slag is lost 2.11% of the old smelting device of sediment grade and is reduced to 1.67%, and it reduces 6 hours to smelt the time, and the bed ability is improved to 30.4t/m2 d by the 28.58t/m2 d of old smelting device, and the lead alloy average temperature of emission is improved to 748 ℃ by the 639 ℃ that old smelting device, and the temperature has improved 94 ℃ at the bottom, has improved 117 degrees at the highest, and average promotion temperature 109 degrees.

Alloy temperature detection result of DEG C

The ingredients of the produced material are shown in the table%

Adopt the utility model discloses, when it can solve lead smelting furnace and handle low-grade material, 5 low temperatures of furnace hearth, 5 knot of furnace hearth die, hearth ability low scheduling problems.

Claims

1. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting comprising a vessel (2) supported within a vessel frame (1), characterised in that: the furnace body (2) comprises a lower air hole water jacket (21), a lower reducing water jacket (22), an upper reducing water jacket (23) and a preheating zone water jacket (24) which are arranged from bottom to top, wherein an inner cavity of the lower air hole water jacket (21) forms an air port high-temperature smelting zone with the temperature of 1000-1300 degrees, an inner cavity of the lower reducing water jacket (22) forms a lower reducing zone with the temperature of 750-1000 degrees, an inner cavity of the upper reducing water jacket (23) forms an upper reducing zone with the temperature of 500-750 degrees, an inner cavity of the preheating zone water jacket (24) forms a preheating zone with the temperature of 300-500 degrees, a charging platform (3) is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body frame (1), furnace top charging doors (4) are arranged on two sides of the upper end of the furnace body (2) corresponding to the charging platform (3), a furnace cylinder (5) is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, a concave cavity (5) body is upwards provided with an, the bottom of the cavity of the hearth is provided with an arc groove, the mouth part of the cavity of the hearth is rectangular, the depth of the cavity is 0.38-0.42m, the two ends of the cavity of the hearth in the length direction are provided with a front slag hole (6) and a rear slag hole (7), the side wall of the cavity of the hearth is provided with a first alloy siphon front-end pore (8) and a second alloy siphon front-end pore (9) which incline obliquely upwards, the upstream end of the alloy siphon front-end pore is communicated with the bottom of the cavity, the distance between the two siphon front-end pores is greater than the length of the mouth part of the cavity of one third of the hearth, the downstream end of the siphon front-end pore section is connected with the rear-section pipeline section, the downstream end of the siphon rear-section pipeline section extends outwards, the downstream end of the siphon rear-section is lower than the lowest part of the cavity of the hearth, the arc groove of the cavity of the hearth is provided with, the bottom lead discharge duct (10) is positioned between the two alloy siphon front end ducts, and a furnace top smoke hood (11) is arranged above the furnace body (2).

2. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace hearth (5) comprises a high-aluminum refractory brick outer layer (12), a high-aluminum castable middle layer (13) and a high-aluminum steel wire self-flowing castable inner lining layer (14), and the furnace hearth (5) is placed in a steel outer frame (15).

3. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the lower wind eye water jacket (21) is 1.4-1.6m, the height of the lower reduction water jacket (22) is 1.4-1.6m, the height of the upper reduction water jacket (23) is 1.4-1.6m, and the height of the preheating zone water jacket (24) is 0.9-1.1 m.

4. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: the lower portion of the side wall of the lower air hole water jacket (21) is provided with a plurality of air holes (16) extending inwards, the air holes (16) are located at the tail end of the outer wall of the water jacket and are connected with the air inlet branch pipes (17), one end, facing the high-temperature smelting area of the air opening, of each air hole (16) is enclosed to form an air opening area, the length of each air opening area is 5-8 meters, and the width of each air opening area is 1-1.8 meters.

5. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace hearth (5) is run through to end lead discharge pore (10) slant, the central axis and the horizontal contained angle of end lead discharge pore (10) are 5, end lead discharge pore (10) communicate with each other with the bottom of circular arc recess, end lead discharge pore (10) set up the open end that is oval at the upstream end of circular arc recess.

6. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: the concave cavity of the hearth (5) is provided with a slope surface which is respectively transited to a front slag hole (6) and a rear slag hole (7), and the inclination angle of the slope surface is 5-30 degrees.

7. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: the first alloy siphon front end pore canal (8) and the second alloy siphon front end pore canal (9) are positioned on the same side of the hearth (5).

8. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: a first alloy siphon front-end pore canal (8) is arranged at one third position of the opening part of the cavity of the hearth, and a second alloy siphon front-end pore canal (9) is arranged at two thirds position of the opening part of the cavity of the hearth.

9. Smelting apparatus for scrap lead smelting according to claim 1, wherein: the lower air hole water jacket (21) and the lower reduction water jacket (22) are copper or steel boiler steel plate water jackets, and the upper reduction water jacket and the preheating zone water jacket (24) are steel water jackets.