CN110724830A - Crude copper refining equipment and refining method - Google Patents
Crude copper refining equipment and refining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110724830A CN110724830A CN201911066768.8A CN201911066768A CN110724830A CN 110724830 A CN110724830 A CN 110724830A CN 201911066768 A CN201911066768 A CN 201911066768A CN 110724830 A CN110724830 A CN 110724830A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/005—Smelting or converting in a succession of furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/0052—Reduction smelting or converting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crude copper refining device and a refining method, the refining device comprises a top-blowing furnace and an anode furnace which are horizontally placed and communicated through a feeding chute, the top of the top-blowing furnace is sequentially and vertically communicated with a flux feeding port, a spray gun for blowing oxygen-enriched air and a first exhaust flue, and one end of the side wall of the anode furnace is vertically communicated with a second exhaust flue which is arranged close to the feeding chute. The top-blown converter and the anode furnace are connected through the feeding chute, so that feeding at the axial end part of the anode furnace is realized, and the second smoke exhaust channel is arranged, so that feeding and smoke exhaust are not interfered with each other, and the service life of the anode furnace is prolonged. The invention also provides a refining method using the refining equipment, which comprises the steps of adding matte and lime flux into a top-blowing furnace, continuously blowing oxygen-enriched air in a top-blowing mode, and obtaining crude copper after oxidation reaction; and (4) feeding the crude copper into an anode furnace, blowing a reducing agent, and reacting to obtain anode copper. The oxidation time is saved by 30-40 times, and the grade of the generated crude copper is more than 99.2%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper smelting, in particular to crude copper refining equipment and a refining method.
Background
The copper smelting mainly comprises the following four steps: smelting, matte converting, fire refining and electrolytic refining, wherein the matte converting process is a process of further oxidizing matte produced in the smelting process through a converting furnace to produce crude copper, and the fire refining process is a process of oxidizing and refining the crude copper in an anode furnace and then reducing the crude copper to obtain the anode copper. The converting produces crude copper and the oxidation refining of the crude copper is completed in a converting furnace and an anode furnace respectively. Oxidation refining oxidationThe air volume is generally 900-3And/h, excessive splashed objects can be caused by too high air volume. Because the oxidation air volume is small, the corresponding required period of oxidation refining is longer, and generally 2-3 hours are required.
The supporting anode furnace of present and continuous converting technology generally can be at open-top, and this opening both is the charge door and is the exhaust port, and the diameter of anode furnace on the one hand is great, leads to the whole of converting furnace and factory building to all need corresponding raising to increase the engineering investment, on the other hand, the charge door is in high temperature flue gas and high temperature radiation's operational environment for a long time, very easily damages.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a crude copper refining device, which solves the problems that a converting furnace needs to be lifted and a feeding chute is easily damaged by high-temperature smoke gas due to the fact that a feeding port of an existing anode furnace is used for feeding and discharging smoke, and also provides a crude copper refining method using the refining device, which solves the problems that the existing crude copper oxidation refining production period is long and the produced crude copper is not high enough in copper content.
The invention provides a crude copper refining device which comprises a top-blowing furnace and an anode furnace which are horizontally placed and communicated through a feeding chute, wherein the top of the top-blowing furnace is sequentially and vertically communicated with a flux feeding port, a spray gun for blowing oxygen-enriched air and a first exhaust flue, one end of the side wall of the anode furnace is vertically communicated with a second exhaust flue, and the second exhaust flue is arranged close to the feeding chute.
The crude copper refining equipment provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the top-blown converter and the anode furnace are horizontally arranged and connected through the feeding chute, so that the integral elevation of the equipment can be reduced by more than 2 meters, and the engineering investment can be saved; the axial tip that the feeding chute set up the realization anode furnace feeds in raw material, and sets up the second discharge flue perpendicularly at the lateral wall of anode furnace, guarantees reinforced and the mutual noninterference of discharging fume, avoids high temperature flue gas damage charge door, prolongs the life of anode furnace feeding chute, improves the operation rate.
In addition, the crude copper refining equipment provided by the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
further, the feeding chute inclines downwards towards the anode furnace and forms an included angle of 4-8 degrees with the horizontal plane.
Further, the inner wall of the second discharge flue is coated with a casting material layer.
Furthermore, a heat preservation chute cover which is matched with the feeding chute is arranged on the feeding chute.
The invention also provides a crude copper refining method using the crude copper refining equipment, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, continuously adding liquid matte and lime flux into a top-blowing furnace, and continuously blowing oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 21-30% through a spray gun in a top-blowing mode, wherein the blowing air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 35000-55000 Nm3Performing continuous oxidation reaction to obtain crude copper;
step 2, feeding the crude copper obtained in the step 1 into an anode furnace, and blowing a reducing agent, wherein the amount of the reducing agent is 600-1000 Nm3And h, the pressure is 0.3-0.4 MPa, and the anode copper is obtained through reaction.
In addition, the method for refining the blister copper provided by the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
further, the ratio of the addition amount of the liquid copper matte to the addition amount of the lime flux is 60-80: 1.
further, the ratio of the addition amount of the oxygen-enriched air to the addition amount of the liquid copper matte is 600-700: 1.
further, in the step 1, the crude copper grade is not less than 99.2%.
Further, the reducing agent is natural gas, pulverized coal, heavy oil or diesel oil.
Further, the reducing agent amount is 900Nm3H, pressure 0.3 MPa.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blister copper refining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a blister copper refining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
10. a smelting furnace; 20. a matte chute; 30. a top-blown furnace; 31. a flux feed port; 32. a spray gun; 33. a first row of flues; 34. a slag discharge port; 40. a charging chute; 50. an anode furnace; 51. and a second discharge flue.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a crude copper refining apparatus, which includes a top-blown furnace 30 and an anode furnace 50 horizontally disposed and communicated with each other through a feeding chute 40, wherein matte produced by a smelting furnace 10 enters the top-blown furnace 30 through a matte chute 20 in a self-flowing manner, the matte is blown by the top-blown furnace 30 to produce high-grade crude copper, and then the crude copper enters the anode furnace 50 through the feeding chute 40, and the crude copper is reduced to produce high-grade anode copper.
The top of top-blown furnace 30 communicates a flux charge door 31 perpendicularly, is used for blowing spray gun 32 and the first flue of discharging 33 of oxygen-enriched air, and in copper matte got into top-blown furnace 30, need add the flux in the flux charge door 31 to oxygen-enriched air was blown in through spray gun 32 and is carried out converting output blister copper, the one end of 50 lateral walls of anode furnace communicates a second discharge flue 51 perpendicularly, second discharge flue 51 is close to feeding chute 40 sets up.
In the prior art, an anode furnace is horizontally placed, a feeding port is positioned at the upper part, crude copper is added from the upper part of a cylinder body, and the whole height is high; the discharge flue needs to be provided with a chute opening for the chute to pass through, during reduction, flue gas is easy to escape from the opening by micro-positive pressure operation, the surrounding environment is affected, and the tail end of the chute is in a high-temperature flue gas roasting environment for a long time, so that the service life is short and the maintenance is difficult.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the top-blown furnace 30 and the anode furnace 50 are horizontally arranged and connected through the feeding chute 40, the feeding at the axial end part of the anode furnace 50 is realized through the arrangement of the feeding chute 40, and the second smoke exhaust 51 is vertically arranged on the side wall of the anode furnace 50, so that the feeding and smoke exhaust are not interfered with each other, the integral elevation of the equipment can be reduced by more than 2 meters, the engineering investment can be saved, the feeding chute 40 is prevented from being damaged by high-temperature smoke, the service life of the feeding chute 40 is prolonged, and the operation rate is improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of lances 32 are provided, and the plurality of lances 32 are arranged in series along the axial direction of the top-blown converter 30.
In the embodiment of the invention, the feeding chute 40 is inclined downwards towards the anode furnace 50, and the included angle between the feeding chute and the horizontal plane is 4-8 degrees. The feed chute 40 is sloped towards the anode furnace 50 such that the blister copper is fed into the top-blown furnace 30 by gravity flow.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the second discharge flue 51 is coated with a casting material layer. The casting material layer has fire resistance and protects the second discharge flue 51 from being burnt by high-temperature flue gas. In other embodiments of the present invention, a circulating water cooling pipeline may be disposed in the second discharge flue 51, and the heat in the second discharge flue 51 is taken away by the disposed circulating water cooling pipeline, so as to prevent the second discharge flue 51 from being burnt by high-temperature flue gas.
In the embodiment of the invention, the charging chute 40 is provided with the adaptive heat-preservation chute cover, so that the fluidity of the melt flowing through the charging chute 40 is ensured, and a fuel burner can be added on the charging chute 40 for heat preservation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the side wall of the top-blowing furnace 30 is provided with the slag discharge port 34, the axial end part of the top-blowing furnace 30 is provided with the copper outlet which is communicated with the feeding chute 40, the height of the slag discharge port 34 is higher than that of the copper outlet, copper matte, converting slag and flue gas generated by converting reaction of the copper matte in the top-blowing furnace 30 can be naturally layered due to different specific gravities, the converting slag floats above a crude copper melt less than the specific gravity, and the flue gas is periodically overflowed and discharged through the slag discharge port 34 and is discharged from the first gas discharge duct 33.
The invention also provides a crude copper refining method using the crude copper refining equipment, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, continuously adding liquid matte and lime flux into a top-blowing furnace 30, and continuously blowing oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 21-30% through a spray gun 32 in a top-blowing mode, wherein the blowing air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 35000-55000 Nm3Performing continuous oxidation reaction to obtain crude copper;
step 2, feeding the crude copper obtained in the step 1 into an anode furnace 50, and blowing a reducing agent with the amount of 600-1000 Nm3And h, the pressure is 0.3-0.4 MPa, and the anode copper is obtained through reaction.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the prior art, liquid copper matte is blown in a blowing furnace to produce liquid crude copper, the liquid crude copper is added into an anode furnace 50 for oxidation refining, compressed air is adopted as oxidation air, and the air volume is generally 900 plus 1500Nm3And h, generally continuing the oxidation process for 2-3 hours, and finally carrying out reduction refining to produce qualified anode copper. When the liquid matte is blown, the blowing air quantity is 35000-55000 Nm by adopting a top blowing mode to blow continuously3The oxygen-enriched air is blown to complete the oxidation refining process. The time required for completing the traditional oxidation refining according to the blowing air quantity is only 3-6 min, the oxidation time is saved by 30-40 times compared with the traditional oxidation refining in the anode furnace, and the produced liquid crude copper can directly enter the reduction refining operation after being added into the anode furnace. The oxygen-enriched air has a violent stirring effect on the matte melt and reacts with iron and sulfur in the matte melt, the addition of the lime flux is beneficial to generating a low-melting-point slag mold and improving the fluidity of the blown slag, the grade of crude copper generated under the combined action of the oxygen-enriched air and the flux is more than 99.2 percent, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; the air output of the reducing agent is 900Nm when the blister copper is reduced3The reduction time is 1.5-2.5 hours, and the refining time of the crude copper is shortened on the whole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the addition amount of the liquid copper matte to the addition amount of the lime flux is 60-80: 1. the addition of the lime flux in the above proportion is beneficial to generating low-melting-point slag mold and improving the fluidity of the blowing slag.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the addition amount of the oxygen-enriched air to the addition amount of the liquid copper matte is 600-700: 1 in Nm3: t. The oxygen-enriched air with proper proportion can ensure that the matte in the top-blowing furnace 30 fully reacts and is over-blown, the grade of the generated crude copper is more than 99.2 percent, the sulfur content is not more than 0.03 percent, and the copper content of the generated blowing slag is not more than 40 percent.
In an embodiment of the invention, the reductant is natural gas, pulverized coal, heavy oil or diesel. Carbon and hydrogen elements in the reducing agent react with oxygen in the copper liquid to generate CO2And H2And O enters the flue gas, so that oxygen in the copper liquid is removed, and qualified anode copper can be obtained after reduction, and then casting can be started.
In an embodiment of the invention, in step 2, the reducing agent is in an amount of 900Nm3H, pressure 0.3 MPa. Controlling the flow rate and pressure value of the reducing agent can reduce the reduction time.
Example 1
A method of refining blister copper comprising the steps of:
step 1, adding liquid copper matte and a lime flux into a top-blowing furnace, wherein the ratio of the addition amount of the liquid copper matte to the addition amount of the lime flux is 60: 1, continuously blowing oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 21% into the reactor through a spray gun in a top blowing mode, wherein the blowing air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 55000Nm3The ratio of the addition of the oxygen-enriched air to the addition of the liquid copper matte is 600: 1 in Nm3: t, obtaining crude copper after continuous oxidation reaction, wherein the grade of the crude copper is 99.3%;
step 2, feeding the crude copper obtained in the step 1 into an anode furnace, and blowing a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent is natural gas, and the amount of the reducing agent is 600Nm3The reaction is carried out for h under the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain the anode copper.
Example 2
A method of refining blister copper comprising the steps of:
step 1, adding liquid copper matte and a lime flux into a top-blowing furnace, wherein the ratio of the addition amount of the liquid copper matte to the addition amount of the lime flux is 70: 1, continuously blowing oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 25 percent into the reactor through a spray gun in a top blowing mode, wherein the blowing air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 45000Nm3The ratio of the addition of the oxygen-enriched air to the addition of the liquid copper matte is 650: 1 in Nm3: t, obtaining crude copper after continuous oxidation reaction, wherein the grade of the crude copper is 99.4%;
2, feeding the crude copper obtained in the step 1 into an anode furnace, and blowing a reducing agent which is diesel oil, wherein the amount of the reducing agent is 900Nm3The reaction is carried out for h under the pressure of 0.3MPa to obtain the anode copper.
Example 3
A method of refining blister copper comprising the steps of:
step 1, adding liquid copper matte and a lime flux into a top-blowing furnace, wherein the ratio of the addition amount of the liquid copper matte to the addition amount of the lime flux is 80: 1, continuously blowing oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 30 percent into the reactor through a spray gun in a top blowing mode, wherein the blowing air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 55000Nm3The ratio of the addition of the oxygen-enriched air to the addition of the liquid copper matte is 700: 1 in Nm3: t, obtaining crude copper after continuous oxidation reaction, wherein the grade of the crude copper is 99.5%;
step 2, feeding the crude copper obtained in the step 1 into an anode furnace, and blowing a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent is natural gas, and the amount of the reducing agent is 1000Nm3The reaction is carried out for h under the pressure of 0.3MPa to obtain the anode copper.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the prior art, liquid copper matte is blown in a blowing furnace to produce liquid crude copper, the liquid crude copper is added into an anode furnace 50 for oxidation refining, compressed air is adopted as oxidation air, and the air volume is generally 900 plus 1500Nm3And h, generally continuing the oxidation process for 2-3 hours, and finally carrying out reduction refining to produce qualified anode copper. When the liquid matte is blown, the continuous blowing in and blowing out is carried out in a top blowing modeThe refining air volume is 35000-55000 Nm3The oxygen-enriched air is blown to complete the oxidation refining process. The time required for completing the traditional oxidation refining according to the blowing air quantity is only 3-6 min, the oxidation time is saved by 30-40 times compared with the traditional oxidation refining in an anode furnace, the grade of the generated crude copper is more than 99.2 percent, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; the air output of the reducing agent is 900Nm when the blister copper is reduced3The reduction time is 1.5-2.5 hours, and the refining time of the crude copper is shortened on the whole.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a blister copper refining equipment, its characterized in that, includes that the flat bed is placed and through top-blown converter and the anode furnace of feeding chute intercommunication, the top of top-blown converter communicates a flux charge door perpendicularly in proper order, is used for blowing spray gun and the first row flue of oxygen-enriched air, the one end of anode furnace lateral wall communicates a second discharge flue perpendicularly, the second discharge flue is close to the feeding chute setting.
2. A blister copper refining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the feed chute is inclined downwardly towards the anode furnace and forms an angle of 4 to 8 degrees with the horizontal.
3. The blister copper refining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the second discharge flue is coated with a layer of casting material.
4. A blister copper refining plant according to claim 1, wherein the charging chute is provided with a fitted heat retention chute cover.
5. A blister copper refining method using the blister copper refining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1, continuously adding liquid matte and lime flux into a top-blowing furnace, and continuously blowing oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content of 21-30% through a spray gun in a top-blowing mode, wherein the blowing air volume of the oxygen-enriched air is 35000-55000 Nm3Performing continuous oxidation reaction to obtain crude copper;
step 2, feeding the crude copper obtained in the step 1 into an anode furnace, and blowing a reducing agent, wherein the amount of the reducing agent is 600-1000 Nm3And h, the pressure is 0.3-0.4 MPa, and the anode copper is obtained through reaction.
6. A blister copper refining method according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the amount of liquid matte to the amount of lime flux added is 60 to 80: 1.
7. a blister copper refining method according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the amount of oxygen-enriched air added to the amount of liquid matte added is 600 to 700: 1.
8. the blister copper refining method according to claim 5, wherein the blister copper grade in step 1 is not less than 99.2%.
9. The blister copper refining method according to claim 5, wherein the reducing agent is natural gas, pulverized coal, heavy oil, or diesel oil.
10. A blister copper refining process according to claim 5, wherein the amount of reducing agent is 900Nm3H, pressure 0.3 MPa.
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| CN201911066768.8A CN110724830A (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Crude copper refining equipment and refining method |
| PCT/CN2020/124652 WO2021088710A1 (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2020-10-29 | Crude copper refining apparatus and refining method |
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| CN116024436A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-04-28 | 凉山矿业股份有限公司 | Smelting method for long-service-life operation of copper oxygen-enriched top-blown furnace and preparation method of copper matte |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021088710A1 (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-14 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Crude copper refining apparatus and refining method |
| CN112795790A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-05-14 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Method for treating waste circuit board by continuous copper smelting process |
| CN116024436A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-04-28 | 凉山矿业股份有限公司 | Smelting method for long-service-life operation of copper oxygen-enriched top-blown furnace and preparation method of copper matte |
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Application publication date: 20200124 |