CN210403642U - External driving type quick switch structure - Google Patents

External driving type quick switch structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210403642U
CN210403642U CN201921590330.5U CN201921590330U CN210403642U CN 210403642 U CN210403642 U CN 210403642U CN 201921590330 U CN201921590330 U CN 201921590330U CN 210403642 U CN210403642 U CN 210403642U
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Prior art keywords
piston
drive type
shell
external drive
type quick
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CN201921590330.5U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
段少波
石晓光
戈西斌
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Xian Zhongrong Electric Co Ltd
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Xian Zhongrong Electric Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201921590330.5U priority Critical patent/CN210403642U/en
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Abstract

An external drive type quick switch structure comprises an upper shell, a lower shell and a conductive plate arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell; the accommodating cavity of the upper shell is sequentially provided with an electronic ignition device and a piston from top to bottom, and the lower shell below the piston and the conductive plate is provided with an accommodating cavity; the conducting plate is concave downwards into the lower shell accommodating cavity, and a flat-bottomed notch is formed in the accommodating cavity; breaking notches and bending notches are formed in the flat bottom of the notch at intervals, and the lower end of the piston is located above the breaking notches; the accommodating cavities in the upper shell and the lower shell meet the requirement that the piston can move from the upper shell to the lower shell. The utility model discloses a current conducting plate is at fracture notch department fracture and drops along the lateral wall of cushion downwards for the pivot with the breach department of bending to the main circuit breaks off. Impact energy is absorbed by an energy absorption structure arranged by the piston and the cushion block.

Description

External driving type quick switch structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power control and electric automobiles, in particular to a device for controlling and cutting off a current transmission circuit through an external signal.
Background
The product of circuit overcurrent protection is a fuse which is fused based on heat generated by current flowing through the fuse, and the main problem is the matching relationship between the thermal fuse and a load. For example, in the case of main loop protection of a new energy vehicle, if the load is overloaded by a low multiple or short-circuited, the fuse with the low current specification cannot meet the condition of short-time overshoot of current, and if the fuse with the high current specification is selected, the requirement of rapid protection cannot be met. In the lithium battery pack which provides energy for the current new energy vehicles, the output current is about several times of the rated current under the condition of short circuit, and the protection time of the fuse can not meet the requirement, so that the battery pack generates heat and burns. Because the resistance current heating and the breaking current heating melting are both from the current flowing through the fuse, the protection device adopting the heating melting of the current cannot achieve the breaking speed of the fault current with a certain amplitude value which is fast enough under the condition of having a larger rated current or resisting stronger short-time overload/impact current (such as short-time heavy current when an electric automobile is started or climbs a slope), or achieve a higher rated current under the condition of the protection speed of the fault current with a certain amplitude value which is fast enough, or can resist the larger overload/impact current without damage.
Another fuse has a problem in that it cannot communicate with external devices and cannot be triggered by signals other than current, such as a vehicle ECU, BMS, or other sensors. If the circuit cannot be cut off in time under the conditions of serious collision, water soaking, overhigh temperature of the battery after insolation and the like of the vehicle, the serious event that the vehicle is finally damaged due to the combustion of the battery pack can be caused.
At present, a quick-breaking cut-off opening structure exists in the market, and mainly comprises a gas generating device, a current-conducting plate and a containing cavity after the current-conducting plate falls off, wherein the gas generating device generates high-pressure gas to drive a piston to break the current-conducting plate, and the broken current-conducting plate falls downwards into the containing cavity, so that the purpose of quick disconnection of a circuit is realized. However, it also has some drawbacks and drawbacks: the whole size is large, and the application environment with high size requirement cannot be met; the whole weight is heavy, and the application environment with high requirement on weight cannot be met; the internal resistance is large, and the ineffective thermal power loss is high during normal work; the action is slow, the action time of the fast fuse is 10-50ms, and the slow fuse is slow; the current impact resistance is poor, the narrow diameter of the melt is narrow, the melt cannot bear long-time and repeated large-current impact, and the melt is easily fused by impact current; the circuit can not be disconnected under a small current, and the circuit can only act after the rated current is more than 3 times; when the heat-dissipating device works normally, the heat productivity is large, the temperature is high, a heat source is formed, and heat dissipation is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quick cut-off device, which can receive external signals, utilize chemical energy to cut off a conductor connected with a main circuit in the shortest time in a mechanical mode, and break the main circuit, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting each lower-level equipment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme provided by the invention is an external drive type quick switch structure, which comprises an upper shell, a lower shell and a conductive plate arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell; the accommodating cavity of the upper shell is sequentially provided with an electronic ignition device and a piston from top to bottom, and the lower shell below the piston and the conductive plate is provided with an accommodating cavity; the conducting plate is concave downwards into the lower shell accommodating cavity, and a flat-bottomed notch is formed in the accommodating cavity; breaking notches and bending notches are formed in the flat bottom of the notch at intervals, and the lower end of the piston is located above the breaking notches; the accommodating cavities in the upper shell and the lower shell meet the requirement that the piston can move from the upper shell to the lower shell.
The piston comprises a piston body and a knife-shaped structure located below the piston body, and the knife-shaped structure is located right above the fracture notch.
A plurality of salient points are arranged below the piston body; and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on two surfaces of the knife-shaped structure at intervals.
The lower surface of the knife-shaped structure is an inclined surface.
Two vertical side ends of the knife-shaped structure protrude out of the periphery of the piston body, and limiting lugs are respectively arranged at the front and back corresponding positions of the lower parts of the two side ends.
A vertical groove extending to the lower end face of the upper shell is formed in the accommodating cavity for accommodating the piston and corresponds to the positions of two side ends of the knife-shaped structure; a limiting notch is formed in the groove at a position corresponding to the limiting lug; the two side ends of the knife-shaped structure are respectively accommodated in the grooves, and the limiting convex block is positioned in the limiting notch; and vertical grooves for accommodating two side ends of the piston are correspondingly formed in the positions, corresponding to the grooves of the upper shell, of the lower shell accommodating cavity.
A plurality of exhaust channels are arranged at intervals on the lower part of an accommodating cavity of an upper shell for accommodating the piston, and the exhaust channels are communicated with the outside of the upper shell; when the piston is in the initial position, the piston is located above the exhaust passage.
And a limiting step for supporting the notch is arranged on the wall of the accommodating cavity where the periphery of the bottom of the notch is located.
And a cushion block for supporting the conductive plate is arranged in the accommodating cavity which is positioned at the bottom of the notch and is close to one side of the fracture groove.
An extension part is arranged at one side of the upper end of the cushion block close to the side wall of the accommodating cavity and abuts against the side wall of the accommodating cavity; the root of the cushion block is positioned at the bottom of the other side of the accommodating cavity, and the lower end of the cushion block is connected with the root of the cushion block through a suspended rib.
A plurality of salient points are arranged on one side of the root of the cushion block, which falls and can be contacted with the broken conductive plate; a corrugated structure is arranged below the cushion block.
The lower end of the root of the cushion block is provided with a convex block at intervals, and the convex block is contacted with the bottom of the accommodating cavity.
The accommodating cavities of the upper shell and the lower shell are arranged in a through manner; when the piston moves from the upper shell to the dead point of the lower shell, the lower end of the piston abuts against the conductive plate and the cushion block, and the conductive plate and the cushion block fall into the containing cavity of the lower shell after being broken.
The fracture notch and the bending notch are in the shapes of a U-shaped groove and a V-shaped groove or the combination of the U-shaped groove and the V-shaped groove.
The knife-shaped structure is eccentrically arranged relative to the piston body.
The exhaust passages of the upper shell, the piston and the upper shell form independent exhaust passages respectively, and the exhaust passages of the lower shell, the piston and the lower shell are used for independently exhausting gas generated at the upper part and the lower part of the piston respectively.
When the electronic ignition explosion device receives an external signal, namely, ignition explosion generates a large amount of high-pressure gas, the piston overcomes the defect that the limiting boss moves downwards to impact the fracture notch at the current conducting plate under the driving of the high-pressure gas, the current conducting plate fractures at the fracture notch and falls downwards along the side wall of the cushion block by taking the bending notch as a rotating shaft, and therefore the main circuit is disconnected. Because the piston is provided with the salient points and the reinforcing ribs for absorbing impact energy; the corrugated structure is arranged below the cushion block, the suspended rib position for absorbing impact energy is arranged on the cushion block, and the bump for absorbing impact energy is arranged at the root of the cushion block, so that the fuse disclosed by the invention can well absorb the impact energy; meanwhile, an exhaust channel is arranged on the upper shell, when the piston moves downwards to the lower shell under impact, gas generated on the upper portion of the piston can be discharged out of the shell through the exhaust channel, and the situation that the gas enters the lower shell accommodating cavity to affect the electrical performance is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1, a longitudinal sectional structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure view after longitudinal cutting.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the piston.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston in a front view.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the cushion block.
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the cushion block.
Detailed Description
The above technical solutions will be specifically described with reference to the drawings by way of examples. The fast current cut-off device of the present invention mainly comprises an upper shell, a conductive plate, a lower shell, a gas generating device, etc., and refer to fig. 1 to 6, wherein.
The housing, in this embodiment, is formed by splicing an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2. A conducting plate 3 is arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell, and the upper shell, the lower shell and the conducting plate are fixed together through screws between the upper shell and the lower shell. The contact parts of the conductive plate and the end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell are sealed.
An accommodating cavity is formed in the upper shell, in the embodiment, the accommodating cavity is divided into an upper part and a lower part which are arranged in a penetrating manner, an electronic ignition and explosion device 4 is fixedly arranged in the upper accommodating cavity, and the upper end of the electronic ignition device is positioned by arranging a pressing plate 41. The piston 5 is arranged in the lower accommodating cavity, the piston and the lower accommodating cavity are in interference fit, and the interference fit degree meets the requirement that the piston can be separated from interference fit constraint and does impact motion downwards when being impacted by high-pressure gas. The electronic ignition explosion device is a gas generating device, and generates high-pressure gas by receiving an external signal to ignite so as to push the piston to displace.
And the piston 5 comprises a piston body 51 with a cylindrical structure, and the piston body 51 is in interference fit with the lower accommodating cavity of the upper shell. A knife-like structure 52 is provided on the underside of the piston body. The two side ends of the knife-shaped structure protrude out of the side wall of the piston body, and the front side and the rear side of the lower part of the two side ends of the knife-shaped structure protruding out of the piston body are provided with limiting lugs 53 protruding out of the two side ends. A plurality of protrusions 54 are provided on the lower surface of the piston body for absorbing impact power. A plurality of reinforcing ribs 55 for absorbing impact energy are vertically arranged on two surfaces of the knife-shaped structure 52 at intervals, and the existence of the reinforcing ribs is also used for enhancing the strength of the knife-shaped structure and absorbing impact energy. The width of the knife-shaped structure is larger than that of the conductive plate and is positioned right above the fracture notch of the conductive plate. The lower surface of the knife-shaped structure is provided with an inclined plane, so that the shearing force is conveniently and intensively applied, and the conductive plate is conveniently cut off. Vertical grooves corresponding to two side ends of the knife-shaped structure are formed in the wall of the lower accommodating cavity, and the vertical grooves extend downwards to the lower end face of the upper shell and are communicated with the accommodating cavity of the lower shell. A recess is also provided in the groove to receive the limit projection 53. When the piston is arranged in the lower accommodating cavity, the two side ends of the knife-shaped structure are respectively positioned in the vertical grooves corresponding to the knife-shaped structure, and the limiting convex block is positioned in the grooves. So set up, vertical recess can fix a position the piston, prevents its rotation, guarantees that sword column structure can aim at the required position of cutting off of current conducting plate when assaulting. The limiting convex block is positioned in the notch to limit the upper position and the lower position of the piston, so that the piston is prevented from damaging a fracture notch of the current-conducting plate under the vibration condition.
When the piston is not impacted by external force, the piston can be positioned in the lower accommodating cavity. When the piston is impacted by high-pressure gas, the piston moves downwards, the limiting boss breaks to lose the limiting effect on the piston, and the piston moves downwards under the guidance of the vertical groove to cut off the conductive plate. And exhaust passages are respectively arranged at the lower half part of the wall of the lower accommodating cavity of the upper shell below the piston body at intervals and are communicated with the accommodating cavity of the upper shell and the outside of the shell. The exhaust passage is arranged at a position which satisfies that the piston can move downwards to cut off the conductive plate under the pressure of high-pressure gas and lead to a dead point position in the lower shell. The upper shell, the piston and the exhaust channel of the upper shell form an exhaust channel, and the gas above the piston is exhausted out of the shell through the exhaust channel of the upper shell, so that the gas above the piston is prevented from entering the lower shell below the piston and affecting the electrical performance of the fuse; the lower shell, the piston and the exhaust channel of the lower shell form an exhaust channel which is used for exhausting the gas generated below the piston to the outside of the shell through the exhaust channel of the lower shell. The exhaust passage of the upper housing and the exhaust passage of the lower housing are independent exhaust passages.
When the piston moves downwards, the knife-shaped structure cuts off the conductive plate and is used for pushing the conductive plate to deflect downwards, and when the piston reaches a dead point position, the top of the reinforcing rib of the knife-shaped structure collapses to absorb impact energy. Meanwhile, the salient points below the piston body can also absorb impact energy.
The knife-shaped structure of the piston is eccentrically arranged relative to the piston body, so that the reverse installation of the piston can be prevented. After the piston is subjected to the action of external force to displace downwards to cut off the conductive plate and enters a dead point position, the upper shell, the lower shell and the piston can form an independent exhaust passage for independently exhausting gas generated at the upper part without entering a containing cavity of the lower shell to influence the electrical performance. After the piston reaches the dead point position, the piston and the accommodating cavities of the upper shell and the lower shell are in interference fit, so that the piston can be kept at the dead point position without bouncing. Meanwhile, the upper end face of the piston isolates the accommodating chamber from top to bottom, namely, the upper shell accommodating chamber is isolated from the lower shell accommodating chamber in communication.
The lower shell is provided with an accommodating cavity at a position corresponding to the upper shell, and the upper part of the accommodating cavity is wider than the lower part of the accommodating cavity, so that a limiting step is formed at the lower end of the upper part of the accommodating cavity. The conducting plate 3 is downward recessed towards the containing cavity of the lower shell, and a flat-bottom notch is formed in the containing cavity of the lower shell, so that the whole conducting plate is of an inverted-U-shaped structure. The bottom both ends of the flat bottom notch of the current conducting plate lean against the position limiting step formed by the lower end of the upper part of the accommodating cavity to support the accommodating cavity. The flat bottom part of the notch of the conductive plate at the bottom of the accommodating cavity is provided with a fracture gap 31 and a bending gap 32 at intervals. Each notch penetrates the width of the conductive plate. The shape of each notch can be a V-shaped structure, a U-shaped structure or U, V notch combination. The piston knife-shaped structure is positioned above the fracture gap. The lower housing accommodating cavity where the conductive plate is located can be used for the piston to move downwards along the accommodating cavity. The containing cavity below the conductive plate can be used for the knife-shaped structure of the piston to pass through.
The conductive plate is a flat plate structure, and in this embodiment, the conductive plate is made of copper, which has a small resistance. And a cushion block 6 is arranged on the side wall of the accommodating cavity below the fracture gap of the conductive plate, and comprises a cushion block body 61 and a cushion block root 62. The upper surface of the cushion block body supports against the lower surface of the current-conducting plate between the fracture notch and the side wall of the containing cavity to support the cushion block body, and the lower surface of the cushion block body is positioned at the bottom of the containing cavity. The upper end part of the cushion block body extends out to the side wall of the adjacent accommodating cavity and abuts against the side wall of the accommodating cavity, and the lower end part of the cushion block body extends out to the other side of the accommodating cavity. The cushion block root 62 abuts against the other side wall of the accommodating cavity and is located at the bottom of the accommodating cavity, and a bump for absorbing impact energy is arranged on the side surface of the cushion block root, namely the side surface of the conductive plate which is in contact with the cushion block root after being fractured. The root of the cushion block is connected with the lower end part of the cushion block body through a suspended rib 63. The lower end surface of the joint of the root of the cushion block and the rib position extends downwards to form a convex block 64 and abuts against the bottom of the accommodating cavity, so that the whole root of the cushion block except the convex block is suspended on the bottom of the accommodating cavity. The suspended rib position is positioned right below the piston when impacting downwards, and a certain gap is reserved between the rib position and the bottom of the accommodating cavity, so that when the conductive plate falls onto the rib position, impact energy is absorbed through vibration of the rib position. The bottom of the root of the cushion block is provided with a convex block and is connected with a rib position, and the convex block is used for absorbing impact energy through impact deformation. The lower surface of the cushion block body is respectively provided with a corrugated structure 65, and when the conductive plate is broken and falls down to impact the cushion block, the corrugated structure can absorb impact energy through collapse. When the current-conducting plate is impacted by the piston and then falls downwards after being fractured, one side of the downward falling end of the current-conducting plate can abut against the root of the cushion block, then the lower end of the knife-shaped structure of the piston abuts against between the fracture of the current-conducting plate and the cushion block body, the position of the fallen current-conducting plate is clamped, and the breaking capacity is improved. An exhaust passage for discharging the gas of the lower shell to the outside of the shell is arranged on the containing cavity of the lower shell.
When the electronic ignition explosion device receives an external signal, namely, ignition explosion generates a large amount of high-pressure gas, the piston overcomes the defect that the limiting lug moves downwards to impact the fracture notch at the current conducting plate under the driving of the high-pressure gas, the current conducting plate fractures at the fracture notch and falls downwards along the side wall of the cushion block by taking the bent notch as a rotating shaft, and therefore the main circuit is disconnected. Because the cushion block is provided with the corrugated structure, the lower end of the knife-shaped structure of the piston is also provided with the energy absorption salient points for absorbing energy, and the cushion block is provided with the corrugated structure for absorbing energy and the suspended rib positions, when the piston runs to the cushion block, the energy can be absorbed through crumpling.

Claims (16)

1. An external drive type quick switch structure comprises an upper shell, a lower shell and a conductive plate arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell; the containing cavity of the upper shell is sequentially provided with an electronic ignition device and a piston from top to bottom, the lower shell below the piston and the conductive plate is provided with the containing cavity, and the lower shell is provided with an exhaust channel; the conducting plate is concave downwards into the lower shell accommodating cavity, and a flat-bottomed notch is formed in the accommodating cavity; breaking notches and bending notches are formed in the flat bottom of the notch at intervals, and the lower end of the piston is located above the breaking notches; the accommodating cavities in the upper shell and the lower shell meet the requirement that the piston can move from the upper shell to the lower shell.
2. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 1, wherein the piston comprises a piston body and a knife structure located below the piston body, the knife structure being located directly above the fracture notch.
3. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of protrusions are provided on the lower face of the piston body; and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on two surfaces of the knife-shaped structure at intervals.
4. The external drive type quick switch structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lower face of the blade-like structure is a slope.
5. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 2, wherein the two vertical side ends of the knife-like structure protrude from the outer periphery of the piston body, and a position-limiting projection is provided at a corresponding position in front and rear of the lower portion of the two side ends, respectively.
6. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 5, wherein a vertical groove extending to a lower end surface of the upper case is formed in a housing chamber for housing the piston, corresponding to positions of both side ends of the knife-shaped structure; a limiting notch is formed in the groove at a position corresponding to the limiting lug; the two side ends of the knife-shaped structure are respectively accommodated in the grooves, and the limiting convex block is positioned in the limiting notch; and vertical grooves for accommodating two side ends of the piston are correspondingly formed in the positions, corresponding to the grooves of the upper shell, of the lower shell accommodating cavity.
7. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of exhaust passages are provided at intervals in a lower portion of a housing chamber of an upper case housing the piston, the exhaust passages communicating with an outside of the upper case; when the piston is in the initial position, the piston is located above the exhaust passage.
8. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 1, wherein a limiting step for supporting the notch is provided on a wall of the accommodating cavity where the outer periphery of the bottom of the notch is located.
9. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 1, wherein a spacer for supporting said conductive plate is provided in a housing chamber located at the bottom of said recess on a side close to said fracture recess.
10. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 9, wherein the side of the upper end of the spacer block close to the side wall of the housing chamber has an extension part abutting against the side wall of the housing chamber; the root of the cushion block is positioned at the bottom of the other side of the accommodating cavity, and the lower end of the cushion block is connected with the root of the cushion block through a suspended rib.
11. The external drive type fast switch structure as claimed in claim 10, wherein a plurality of bumps are provided on one side of the root of said spacer which said conductive plate falls to come into contact with after breaking; a corrugated structure is arranged below the cushion block.
12. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 11, wherein the lower end of the heel of the spacer is provided with a projection at an interval, and the projection is in contact with the bottom of the housing chamber.
13. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 10, wherein the housing cavities of the upper case and the lower case are provided through; when the piston moves from the upper shell to the dead point of the lower shell, the lower end of the piston abuts against the conductive plate and the cushion block, and the conductive plate and the cushion block fall into the containing cavity of the lower shell after being broken.
14. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 1, wherein the breaking notch and the bending notch are shaped as U-shaped, V-shaped groove or a combination of U-shaped and V-shaped grooves.
15. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 2, wherein the knife-like structure is eccentrically disposed with respect to the piston body.
16. The external drive type quick switch structure according to claim 7, wherein the upper case, the piston, and the exhaust passage of the upper case form respective independent exhaust passages for separately exhausting the gas generated above and below the piston out of the case, respectively.
CN201921590330.5U 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 External driving type quick switch structure Active CN210403642U (en)

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CN201921590330.5U CN210403642U (en) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 External driving type quick switch structure

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921590330.5U CN210403642U (en) 2019-09-24 2019-09-24 External driving type quick switch structure

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110491749A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-22 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 A kind of external drive type quick opening and closing mechanism

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110491749A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-22 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 A kind of external drive type quick opening and closing mechanism

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Address after: 710075 Zhongrong Electric Industrial Base, No. 97, Jinye Second Road, High tech Zone, Xi'an, Shaanxi

Patentee after: XI'AN ZHONGRONG ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Room 3-10303, East District, modern enterprise center, No.12, zone a, pioneer R & D Park, 69 Jinye Road, high tech Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, 710077

Patentee before: XI'AN ZHONGRONG ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd.