CN108807027B - Externally-driven rapid current cutting device - Google Patents
Externally-driven rapid current cutting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108807027B CN108807027B CN201810891267.2A CN201810891267A CN108807027B CN 108807027 B CN108807027 B CN 108807027B CN 201810891267 A CN201810891267 A CN 201810891267A CN 108807027 B CN108807027 B CN 108807027B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- accommodating cavity
- conductive plate
- piston
- cutting device
- generating device
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/24—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using pneumatic or hydraulic actuator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
Abstract
The external-driven rapid current cutting device is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein an upper accommodating cavity and a lower accommodating cavity which are mutually communicated are formed in the shell, a through hole groove is horizontally formed in the shell in a penetrating manner, and a conductive plate is arranged in the through hole groove; the conductive plate passes through the joint of the upper accommodating cavity and the lower accommodating cavity; the piston and the gas generating device are arranged in the upper accommodating cavity from bottom to top, the gas generating device is connected with an external signal generating device, and the piston cuts off the conductive plate under the action of the gas generating device; and the conducting plate is also connected with an arc extinguishing fuse. The method has the advantages of high reaction speed and high safety performance, is suitable for being applied to pure electric or hybrid new energy automobiles, and can cut off a main circuit to protect the automobile with the shortest response time when the automobile collides, is soaked in water and is exposed to the sun.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of electric power control and electric automobiles, in particular to a device for controlling and cutting off a current transmission circuit through an external signal.
Background
The existing circuit overcurrent protection product is a fuse based on heat generated by current flowing through the fuse, and the main problem is that the fuse is matched with a load. For example, in the case of protection of a main loop of a new energy source, if a load is overloaded or shorted by a low multiple, a fuse with a low current specification is selected to be incapable of meeting the condition of short-time current overshoot, and if a fuse with a high current specification is selected to be incapable of meeting the requirement of quick protection. In the current lithium battery pack for providing energy for new energy vehicles, the output current is about several times of the rated current under the condition of short circuit, the protection time of a fuse cannot meet the requirement, and the battery pack heats and fires and burns. Because the current resistance heating and breaking current heating and melting are both derived from the current flowing through the fuse, the protection device adopting the current heating and melting cannot achieve the breaking speed of a certain amplitude fault current fast enough under the condition of having larger rated current or tolerating stronger short-time overload/impact current (such as short-time heavy current when an electric automobile starts or climbs), or achieve higher rated current under the condition of a certain amplitude fault current fast enough protection speed, or tolerating larger overload/impact current without damage.
Another problem with hot melt fuses is that they cannot communicate with external devices and cannot be triggered by signals other than current, such as vehicle ECU, BMS or other sensors. If the circuit cannot be cut off in time under the conditions of serious collision, water soaking or too high temperature of the battery after exposure, etc., the serious event that the battery pack burns and finally damages the vehicle can occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a quick cutting device which cuts off a conductor connected with a main circuit in the shortest time by receiving an external signal and utilizing chemical energy in a mechanical mode to cut off the main circuit so as to protect each equipment and instrument at the lower level.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the external-driven rapid current cutting device is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein an upper accommodating cavity and a lower accommodating cavity which are mutually communicated are formed in the shell, a through hole groove is horizontally formed in the shell in a penetrating manner, and a conductive plate is arranged in the through hole groove; the conductive plate passes through the joint of the upper accommodating cavity and the lower accommodating cavity; an insulating piston and a gas generating device are arranged in the upper accommodating cavity from bottom to top, the gas generating device is connected with an external signal generating device, and the conducting plate is cut off when the piston acts on the gas generating device; and the conducting plate is also connected with an arc extinguishing fuse.
At least one fracture groove penetrating through the width of the conductive plate is arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the conductive plate above the lower accommodating cavity.
The fracture groove is in a U-shaped groove or a V-shaped groove or the combination of the U-shaped groove and the V-shaped groove.
The conducting plate above the lower accommodating cavity is divided into a left part and a right part, and the connecting ends of the left part conducting plate and the right part conducting plate are connected in an up-down overlapped mode; the portion of the conductive plate corresponding to the impact end of the piston is located below the overlap joint.
The conducting plate is of an integral structure, and the fracture groove is integrally formed.
And a breaking groove is formed in the conductive plate part positioned below the superposition connection.
The conducting plate above the lower accommodating cavity is broken into a left part and a right part, and the lower parts of the left part and the right part break are connected through a conducting connecting plate.
Two protruding parts which are arranged at intervals horizontally extend from one side of the conductive plate, an arc extinguishing fuse is arranged between the protruding parts, and contact blades at two ends of the arc extinguishing fuse are respectively and electrically connected with the protruding parts which are close to the arc extinguishing fuse; the arc extinguishing fuse is located above the lower accommodating cavity.
The gas generating device is a gas generator, and the external signal is a current/voltage signal.
The impact end of the piston is of a pointed structure or a round structure, and spans the width of the conductive plate.
The piston material is an insulating material or a metal material wrapped by the insulating material.
The invention uses chemical energy to do work, and has the obvious advantages of high response speed and short action time. The external-driven rapid current cutting device is driven by external electric signals, and when the device is used on a vehicle, general signals come from various controllers of the vehicle, and the device can be linked with various sensors of the vehicle according to the design to protect the whole vehicle circuit. In conjunction with the current sensor, operation at a specified delay time of a specified current can be achieved. And the device is linked with a collision sensor, so that the current of the whole car can be cut off after collision occurs, and secondary damage is avoided. And the current of the whole car can be cut off when fire disaster or ultra-high temperature is realized by being linked with the temperature sensor. And the device is linked with a humidity sensor or an insulation resistance monitoring device, so that the current of the whole vehicle can be cut off under the conditions of leakage risk and the like. The method has the advantages of high reaction speed and high safety performance, and is more suitable for being applied to pure electric or hybrid oil-electricity new energy automobiles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a cutting device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a cutting device using different conductive plates.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conductive plate structure with different structures.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conductive plate structure with protrusions.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a gas generator, wherein a is a gas generator structure with a gas medicine chamber, and B is a gas generator structure with only a fire medicine chamber.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a different piston configuration.
Detailed Description
The embodiments are now exemplified with respect to the above technical solutions and will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. The current cutting device mainly comprises a shell, a conducting plate, a gas generator and the like.
The shell 1, referring to fig. 1 and 2, is formed by splicing an upper shell and a lower shell or a left shell and a right shell. In this embodiment, the left and right housing structures. An upper accommodating cavity with a limiting boss is arranged on the upper portion of the shell, and the limiting boss is close to the upper end face of the shell. A lower accommodating cavity for accommodating the conductive plate which falls after being broken is formed below the accommodating cavity at the upper part of the shell, and the upper accommodating cavity and the lower accommodating cavity are mutually communicated. The shell at the connecting interface of the upper containing cavity and the lower containing cavity is provided with a through hole groove which penetrates through the left and right of the shell, the shape of the through hole groove is matched with the appearance of the conducting plate 2, and only the conducting plate can be contained. Typically, the conductive plate is of a flat plate structure, and the via slot is of a flat plate structure. The upper accommodating cavity is internally provided with a gas generator 3 and a piston 4 from top to bottom. The gas generator 3, see fig. 1, 2 and 5, comprises a housing, wherein a boss matched with a limit boss in the upper accommodating cavity is formed at the upper part of the housing, and when the gas generator is placed in the upper accommodating cavity, the limit boss on the housing is just clamped on the limit boss in the upper accommodating cavity, so that the position of the gas generating device is limited. In order to prevent gas from overflowing upwards from the gas generating device and the upper accommodating cavity, the gas generating device is arranged in the upper accommodating cavity to seal the installation clearance in an interference fit mode, a sealing device is additionally arranged, and the like.
The piston 4, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, is located in the upper accommodating cavity between the gas generator and the conductive plate, and is made of an insulating material or a metal material coated by an insulating material. When the piston is in the initial position, the piston is positioned right below the gas generating device, and a proper gap is reserved between the piston and the conductive plate, wherein the gap is used for ensuring that the piston has the maximum impact force on the conductive plate when the piston is subjected to external force. The piston 4 can move downwards along the upper accommodating cavity under the action of external force. The lower end of the piston 4 is the impact end and its end is a pointed structure 41 whose impact surface is a straight line, which may be located at the side of the piston or elsewhere, with a width equal to or greater than the width of the conductive plate. The pointed structure of the impact end may be formed by a conical tip resembling a triangular conical structure or by a chamfer cut from the side with the piston to the opposite side. The impact end of the piston may also be of a rounded configuration or other convenient and impact configuration.
The conductive plate 2, see fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, is in the shape of a flat plate structure and is made of conductive materials such as copper, silver, iron and the like. The position of the conducting plate at the upper port of the lower accommodating cavity is provided with a fracture groove 21 spanning the width of the conducting plate, and referring to fig. 3, the fracture groove can be a U-shaped groove, a V-shaped groove or a combination mode of the U-shaped groove and the V-shaped groove, and can also be fracture grooves of other shapes, and the fracture groove can be easily broken when being impacted by external force only by meeting the requirement that the thickness of the conducting plate at the fracture groove is smaller than that of other conducting plates without fracture grooves. The breaking grooves can be two breaking grooves respectively arranged on the upper surface, the lower surface or the upper surface and the lower surface of the conductive plate positioned at the inner sides of the two ends of the port of the lower accommodating cavity, or three breaking grooves respectively arranged on the upper surface, the lower surface or the upper surface and the lower surface of the conductive plate positioned at the inner sides of the two ends of the port of the lower accommodating cavity and at the central part of the upper port of the lower accommodating cavity. In the case of a fracture groove, the fracture groove is generally arranged below the impact end of the piston, and the conductive plate fractures at the fracture groove after the impact of the piston; when two fracture grooves are arranged at intervals, the impact end of a general piston is aligned to one fracture groove, when the impact of the piston is applied, the impact end is disconnected at one fracture groove, and after the disconnection, the impact end is bent downwards by taking the other fracture groove as the axis to drop; when three fracture grooves are arranged at intervals, the impact end of a general piston is positioned at the fracture groove at the middle part, after the impact, the conductive plate is disconnected from the fracture groove, and the left and right disconnected parts respectively drop downwards by taking one fracture groove as the axis.
It is also possible to first break the conductive plate into a left conductive plate portion 22 and a right conductive plate portion 23 at the position of the conductive plate at the impact surface of the piston, see the j-diagram in fig. 3, wherein the portion below the impact end of the piston has a longer length than the other portion, in this embodiment the left conductive plate portion 22 is longer than the right conductive plate portion 23. A breaking groove 21 is formed on the left part of the conductive plate positioned at the inner side of the lower accommodating cavity, and when the left part of the conductive plate and the right part of the conductive plate are fixed together, the left part (long part) of the conductive plate is positioned below the right part (short part) of the conductive plate for welding and fixing; therefore, after the impact is applied, the left part of the conductive plate is broken from the welding part by the impact, and falls into the lower accommodating cavity by bending downwards by taking the breaking groove as the axis, if the breaking part close to one side of the port of the lower accommodating cavity is positioned below, the breaking part positioned in the middle of the lower accommodating cavity is supported when the impact is applied, and the conductive plate can still be lapped on the breaking part without breaking. The conductive plate can also be broken into a left conductive plate part 24 and a right conductive plate part 25, referring to the diagram i in fig. 3, a certain distance is reserved between the left conductive plate part 24 and the right conductive plate part 25, a conductive thin plate 26 is fixedly connected below the left conductive plate part 24 and the right conductive plate part 25, the broken part of the conductive plate is connected through the conductive thin plate, and after the conductive thin plate is impacted by the piston, the conductive thin plate is broken from the welding part to separate the conductive plate from the lower accommodating cavity and falls into the lower accommodating cavity.
Two protruding parts 27 are horizontally extended to the outside at the edge of the conductive plate above the lower accommodating cavity, and a breaking groove is formed on the conductive plate between the two protruding parts, referring to fig. 1 and 4. An arc extinguishing capacitor 5 is fixedly connected between the two protruding parts, and contact knives at two ends of the arc extinguishing capacitor are respectively and electrically connected with the protruding parts close to the arc extinguishing capacitor. The arc extinguishing capacitor is a melt thermal-fusing type fuse. The arc suppressing fuses may be one or more parallel-connected fixed to the conductive plates as needed. By using the protruding part, the weight of the conductive plate can be saved, the manufacturing material can be reduced, and the occupied volume can be reduced. In order to reduce the processing cost, when the conductive plate is processed, the conductive plate is integrally processed and formed, and various defect grooves (fracture grooves), protruding parts and the like on the conductive plate are integrally processed and formed.
When in use, the input end of the gas generator is connected with an external protection circuit to receive the transmitted signal. The two ends of the conductive plate are respectively connected with the main circuit and communicated with the main circuit. Under normal working conditions, the electric current mostly passes through the conductive plate because the resistance of the conductive plate is far smaller than that of the arc extinguishing fuse. When the current exceeds the rated current or the automobile is impacted by external force or other unexpected faults, and the circuit is required to be disconnected, the gas generator receives an action signal, the gas generator acts to generate high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas does work to push the piston to move downwards, the impact tip of the piston impacts the conductive plate, and as the conductive plate is provided with a fracture groove which is easy to fracture, the conductive plate is disconnected under the impact of the external force, and the downward accommodating cavity is displaced and falls; meanwhile, the resistance of the conducting plate is rapidly increased when the conducting plate is in a breaking process, the current on the conducting plate is rapidly reduced, the current on the parallel arc-extinguishing fuses is rapidly increased, a large amount of current passes through the arc-extinguishing fuses, the arc-extinguishing fuses are fused under the action of high current, and the fusing time of the arc-extinguishing fuses is longer than the time that the conducting plate is broken and moves to a reliable insulation distance, so that the electric arc generated by the breaking of the conducting plate is avoided, and the reliability of the cutting device is improved.
Claims (8)
1. The external-driven rapid current cutting device is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein an upper accommodating cavity and a lower accommodating cavity which are mutually communicated are formed in the shell, a through hole groove is horizontally formed in the shell in a penetrating manner, and a conductive plate is arranged in the through hole groove; the conductive plate passes through the joint of the upper accommodating cavity and the lower accommodating cavity; an insulating piston and a gas generating device are arranged in the upper accommodating cavity from bottom to top, the gas generating device is connected with an external signal generating device, the gas generating device is arranged in the upper accommodating cavity in an interference fit or additionally provided with a sealing device, and a gap is reserved between the piston and the conductive plate when the piston is in an initial position; the conducting plate above the lower accommodating cavity is divided into a left part and a right part, and the connecting ends of the left part conducting plate and the right part conducting plate are connected in an up-down overlapped mode; the conducting plate part corresponding to the impact end of the piston is positioned below the overlapped connection part; or the conducting plate above the lower accommodating cavity is broken into a left part and a right part, and the lower parts of the left part and the right part breaking cracks are connected through a conducting connecting plate; the piston cuts off the conductive plate when under the action of the gas generating device; the upper or lower surface of the conductive plate above the lower accommodating cavity is provided with at least one breaking groove penetrating through the width of the conductive plate, two protruding parts are horizontally extended outwards at the edge of the conductive plate above the lower accommodating cavity at intervals, the breaking groove is positioned on the conductive plate between the two protruding parts, and an arc extinguishing fuse is fixedly connected between the two protruding parts.
2. The externally driven fast current cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the breaking groove is shaped as a U-shaped groove or a V-shaped groove or a combination of a U-shaped groove and a V-shaped groove.
3. The externally driven fast current cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the conductive plate is of unitary construction and the breaking recess is integrally formed.
4. Externally driven fast current cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a breaking groove is provided in the portion of the conductive plate located below the overlap joint.
5. The externally driven fast current cutting device according to claim 1, wherein two protruding parts are horizontally extended at one side of the conductive plate and are provided with a space therebetween, an arc extinguishing fuse is provided between the protruding parts, and both end contact blades of the arc extinguishing fuse are respectively electrically connected with the protruding parts adjacent thereto; the arc extinguishing fuse is located above the lower accommodating cavity.
6. The externally driven fast current shut off device according to claim 1, wherein the gas generating means is a gas generator and the external signal is a current/voltage signal.
7. The externally driven fast current cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the impact end of the piston is of a pointed or rounded configuration, the impact end spanning the width of the conductive plate.
8. The externally driven fast current cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the piston is made of an insulating material or a metal material covered with an insulating material.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201810891267.2A CN108807027B (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | Externally-driven rapid current cutting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201810891267.2A CN108807027B (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | Externally-driven rapid current cutting device |
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CN108807027A CN108807027A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
CN108807027B true CN108807027B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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CN201810891267.2A Active CN108807027B (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | Externally-driven rapid current cutting device |
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Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109742001B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2024-05-03 | 武汉司德宝电气有限公司 | Quick current cut-off breaker and equipment |
CN109888724B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2024-01-09 | 武汉司德宝电气有限公司 | Quick breaking device and system with safety compensation |
CN110571113A (en) * | 2019-10-27 | 2019-12-13 | 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 | Auxiliary arc extinguishing structure of excitation fuse |
CN111211021B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2022-03-25 | 四川蓝狮科技有限公司 | Miniature gas generator of quick fusing device |
GB2593942A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-13 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | Electrical interrupter with bendable conductor |
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CN108010823A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 | A kind of fuse of high response speed |
CN108233329A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-06-29 | 西安赛诺克新能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of protection circuit for improving main circuit and disconnecting response speed |
CN208738069U (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-04-12 | 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 | A kind of fast current disconnecting device of external drive |
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2018
- 2018-08-07 CN CN201810891267.2A patent/CN108807027B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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CN104541354A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-04-22 | 海瑞克里兹 | Electrical switch forming a fast actuation circuit breaker |
CN103400728A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 董刚 | Circuit breaker controlled by sensor |
CN107452574A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-08 | 武汉布雷科电气有限公司 | A kind of DC fast speed fuse used for electric vehicle |
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CN108807027A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
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