CN210394104U - Electro-catalysis experimental device for downward subsurface flow constructed wetland - Google Patents
Electro-catalysis experimental device for downward subsurface flow constructed wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN210394104U CN210394104U CN201920818576.7U CN201920818576U CN210394104U CN 210394104 U CN210394104 U CN 210394104U CN 201920818576 U CN201920818576 U CN 201920818576U CN 210394104 U CN210394104 U CN 210394104U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an electro-catalysis experimental apparatus of lower undercurrent constructed wetland is provided with solar power unit outside water isolation fence, and the water and soil mixes the internal unit negative pole that is provided with of layer, is provided with the unit positive pole in the play water pipe, has the negative pole wire between solar power unit and the unit negative pole, has the positive pole wire between solar power unit and the unit positive pole. Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a current descending undercurrent wetland sediment high concentration's persistence chloro class organic pollutant's accumulation leads to plant roots metabolic enzyme activity to reduce from this to further lead to plant roots to rot and finally arouse the problem of constructed wetland degeneration.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electro-catalysis experimental apparatus of lower undercurrent constructed wetland belongs to the environmental protection technology field.
Background
Some chlorinated organic compounds are widely used as important chemical raw materials, organic solvents and intermediates in the industries of medicine, pesticide, leather making, paper making and the like. Chlorinated organic pollutants widely exist in industrial wastewater, have biotoxicity and are difficult to biodegrade. After treatment, the tail water still has a certain concentration, and the tail water is degraded by the artificial wetland, so that the degradability of the persistent pollutants is poor, but the persistent pollutants can be adsorbed and accumulated in the root system of the plant, and when the chlorinated pollutants are accumulated to a certain concentration, the biological toxicity is generated. Chlorinated toxic organics (e.g., chlorophenols) can penetrate cells leading to toxic accumulation and gene mutagenesis. Aquatic plants and root microorganisms can generate toxic effect under the toxic chlorinated organic compounds with certain concentration, so that the activity of vegetation in a wetland ecosystem is degraded, and the ecological function of the constructed wetland is reduced. 60 percent of the constructed wetlands around the world are in an ecological degradation state, wherein the accumulation of toxic pollutants is an important cause of ecological imbalance of the constructed wetlands. Therefore, the work of maintaining and treating toxic organic pollutants aiming at the vegetation of the artificial wetland is not slow.
At present, rugebo et al, through the research on an electric subsurface flow constructed wetland, aim to remove pollutants from the water layer of the subsurface flow wetland in order to strengthen the wetland, but do not relate to the maintenance of the root system of the vegetation in the wetland and the removal of pollutants from the mud layer. In addition, most of the treatments for chlorinated organic pollutants utilize nitrate/nitrite and the like as electron acceptors to accelerate biological oxidation and promote the decomposition of the chlorinated organic pollutants. The electron acceptors have fluidity in wetland sediment-water environment, and can promote the degradation and conversion of chlorinated organic pollutants on the surface layer of the constructed wetland. However, the current research shows that the provided electron acceptor has selectivity on pollutant degradation, and organic small molecules which are easy to reduce are selected; aiming at the mud layer which is polluted deeply by chlorinated organic compounds, the deep repairing effect is lacked.
Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) are electrochemical systems that convert electrical energy into chemical energy, and are a bioelectrochemical technique that uses additional electrical energy to assist microorganisms in reducing or oxidizing substrates. The working principle of the microbial electrolytic cell is as follows: during the metabolism of the microorganism in the microbial electrolytic cell, electrons are transferred from the inside of the cell to the unit anode outside the cell, and then reach the unit cathode through an external circuit under the action of a potential difference provided by a power supply. At the unit cathode, electrons participate in the reduction reaction.
The direction of Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) is mainly focused on hydrogen production, and then MECs develop an application form integrating energy production and pollution treatment, so that a new solution is provided for solving energy problems and pollution treatment, and the MECs are widely concerned by scientists in various countries. Aiming at the problem of the pollution of the bottom mud of the artificial wetland by pollutants, a large-scale effective engineering application treatment method is needed. Therefore, the utility model discloses utilize microbial electrolysis cell to realize low-cost, efficient method of handling the pollutant and maintaining the root system, extensively be applicable to the engineering application of treating pollution.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that needs to solve is to above-mentioned prior art not enough, and provides a downstream artificial wetland's of undercurrent electro-catalysis experimental apparatus.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is:
the utility model provides an electro-catalysis experimental apparatus of lower undercurrent constructed wetland, includes upper portion open-ended water isolated column, has arranged overflow layer, the mixed layer of soil and water, first packing layer, second packing layer from last to down in proper order in the water isolated column, and inlet tube and outlet pipe are installed to the lateral wall of water isolated column, and the overflow layer is inserted in to the inlet tube, and the second packing layer is inserted in to the outlet pipe, plant roots is located the mixed layer of soil and water, the water isolated column is provided with solar power unit outward, the mixed in-situ unit negative pole that is provided with of soil and water, be provided with the unit positive pole in the outlet pipe, the negative pole wire has between solar power unit and the unit negative pole, has the positive pole wire.
As a further preferred scheme, the unit cathode is formed by alternately weaving and curling a plurality of carbon fiber wire brushes, the carbon fiber wire brushes are divided into stainless steel wires and carbon fibers, and the carbon fiber wire brushes are formed by twisting the carbon fibers around the stainless steel wires.
In a further preferred embodiment, the stainless steel wire has a diameter of 0.25mm, and the carbon fiber has a length of 30 mm.
As a further preferable scheme, the unit anode comprises a graphite block and carbon fiber cloth, the graphite block is wrapped by the carbon fiber cloth to form a cylindrical structure, and one end of the anode lead is inserted into the graphite block.
In a further preferred embodiment, the graphite block has a length, width and height of 1cm to 2 cm.
As a further preferable scheme, the solar power supply device further comprises a negative electrode and a positive electrode, the negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode through a lead, and the positive electrode is connected to the positive electrode through a lead.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
firstly, the unit cathode can be deeply embedded into a wetland plant root system bottom mud layer rich in pollutants with higher concentration to continuously convert chloro-toxic organic matters into non/low-biotoxicity products, so that the concentration of the chloro-toxic organic matters around the plant root system is reduced; the surfactant is properly added to improve the mobility of pollutants in the soil; the unit anode is arranged at the effluent position of the wetland, and the pollutants after the reductive dechlorination are further degraded by using the oxidation function of the anode, so that the toxicity is further reduced, and the biodegradability of the pollutants is improved.
Two, the utility model discloses utilize the electrode to strengthen in the constructed wetland plant roots bed mud chlorinated pollutant biology to carry out the negative and positive pollutant and get rid of simultaneously, the negative pole can reach the dechlorination effect of chlorinated organic pollutant, and the positive pole can be with the pollutant of negative pole dechlorination, and further oxidative degradation can receive the higher sludge blanket of chlorinated pollutant concentration to carry out the degree of depth conversion for artifical intensive down undercurrent wetland, can provide solution and technological approach for long-term operation and the constructed wetland ecological remediation that has the accumulation of persistent organic matter.
The microbial electrochemical remediation technology has the advantages of convenience in maintenance, low cost, simple equipment, no secondary pollution and the like, is environment-friendly, reasonable and effective for remediation of the organically-polluted soil, can realize deep conversion of chlorinated organic compounds into biologically low/non-toxic degradation products, and increases the continuity and controllability of a biological enhanced remediation process.
And fourthly, the extension plasticity of the unit cathode material can effectively fit the shapes of different vegetation root systems, the effective distance is kept between the unit cathode material and the prepared root systems, the exclusive protection of the root systems is realized, and the problem of influence of chlorinated pollutants of the constructed wetland can be effectively solved.
And fifthly, the system uses solar energy for energy supply operation, so that the effective utilization of energy is realized, the self-sufficient capacity of the system is realized, and the consumption of additional energy is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrocatalytic system;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a process for manufacturing a carbon fiber wire brush;
FIG. 4 is a view showing a manufacturing process of a unit cathode;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a manufacturing process of a unit anode;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar power supply apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the working efficiency of the present invention;
the solar water heater comprises a water isolation fence 1, a water overflow layer 2, a water-soil mixed layer 3, a first packing layer 4, a second packing layer 5, a water inlet pipe 6, a water outlet pipe 7, a solar power supply device 8, a unit cathode 9, a unit anode 10, a cathode lead 11, an anode lead 12, a carbon fiber wire brush 13, a stainless steel wire 14, carbon fibers 15, a graphite block 16, carbon fiber cloth 17, a cathode 18 and an anode 19.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model discloses an electro-catalysis experimental apparatus of lower undercurrent constructed wetland relates to the redox process between microorganism-electrode-the pollutant, can get rid of the chlorinated organic matter in the wetland plant roots, solves the accumulation of the chloride class organic pollutant of permanence of high concentration in the current lower undercurrent wetland sediment, leads to plant roots metabolic enzyme activity to reduce from this to further lead to the plant roots to rot and finally arouse the problem that constructed wetland degenerated.
As shown in fig. 1, the existing electrocatalysis experimental apparatus comprises a water isolation fence 1 with an opening at the upper part, a polyethylene film impermeable layer is arranged at the bottom of the water isolation fence 1, a water submerged layer 2, a soil layer 3, a first packing layer 4 and a second packing layer 5 are sequentially arranged in the water isolation fence 1 from top to bottom, wherein the thickness of the soil layer 3 is about 20-40 cm; the first packing layer 4 is ceramsite with the particle size density of 8-16mm, the second packing layer 5 is filled with crushed stones, the specification of the crushed stones is 10-50mm, and the specification is gradually reduced from bottom to top; the lateral wall of water isolated column 1 is installed and is perforated inlet tube 6 and perforation outlet pipe 7, and perforation inlet tube 6 is inserted and is arranged in submerging water layer 2, and second packing layer 5 is inserted and is arranged in to perforation outlet pipe 7, plant roots is located the soil and water mixed layer 3.
The innovation of the patent is that as shown in fig. 2, a solar power supply device 8 is arranged outside a water isolation fence 1, a unit cathode 9 is arranged in a water-soil mixing layer 3, a unit anode 10 is arranged in a water outlet pipe 7, a cathode lead 11 is arranged between the solar power supply device 8 and the unit cathode 9, and an anode lead 12 is arranged between the solar power supply device 8 and the unit anode 10.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the unit cathode 9 is made of a stainless steel wire 14 with a diameter of 0.2mm and a carbon fiber 15 with a length of 30-50mm, a carbon fiber wire brush 13 made by twisting stainless steel wire with carbon fiber, and a mesh structure with a certain side length woven by the carbon fiber wire brush 13 with a mesh side length; in fig. 3, a shows a composition in which four carbon fibers 15 are twisted on a stainless steel wire 14, and B in fig. 4 shows a composition in which a plurality of carbon fiber wire brushes 13 are woven into a 10m × 10m mesh structure with a 30mm × 30mm mesh and crimped to form a unit cathode 9; the area of the area covered and maintained by the unit cathode is 10m multiplied by 10m, which can be determined according to the wetland vegetation coverage, the required number of the unit cathodes to be put into use, and the voltage of each unit cathode is 0.8 v.
Specifically, preparation of carbon fiber wire brush 13: selecting a stainless steel wire 14 with the diameter of 0.25mm, and twisting prepared activated carbon fibers 15 with the length of 30mm with the steel wire in a four-strand steel wire twisting mode to form a brush-shaped long carbon fiber steel wire; arranging the carbon fiber wire brush 13: weaving a plurality of carbon fiber steel wire brushes 13 into a net structure of unit grids (the side length is determined according to the characteristics of wetland plants), and determining the whole weaving area according to the actual wetland;
as shown in fig. 5, the material of the unit anode 10 is graphite block 16 with the grain diameter of 1cm-2cm, titanium shaft carbon fiber brush and carbon fiber cloth 17; the titanium shaft carbon fiber brush is characterized in that one end of a titanium shaft with the length of 120cm is wrapped by carbon fiber cloth with the length of about 30cm, the carbon fiber cloth is wrapped by a graphite block, and the wrapping diameter is slightly smaller than the pipe diameter of the perforated water outlet pipe 7; the unit anode 10 is degraded to a certain extent due to oxidation reaction, and is convenient for extraction and update of the unit anode by adopting a twisted connection mode, and the unit anode is composed by filling, wrapping and sewing modes in a C mode in figure 5.
The cathode lead 11 is synthesized by a plurality of leads in parallel, and a plurality of metal wires in each lead inside are uniformly connected with one end of the unit cathode; the anode lead 12 is composed of a plurality of leads connected in parallel, and each lead is connected with a unit anode.
As shown in fig. 6, the solar power supply device 8 further includes a negative electrode 18 and a positive electrode 19, the cathode lead 11 is connected to the negative electrode 18, and the anode lead 12 is connected to the positive electrode 19.
The unit cathode is placed under the protected and strengthened downstream subsurface wetland, and the shape of the unit cathode can be adapted according to different vegetation root extension conditions due to good plasticity of the reticular structure, so that the unit cathode is close to the vegetation root; each unit anode is arranged near each outlet pipe of the water collecting system of the artificial wetland, the solar power supply device provides stable branch voltage of 0.8v, and the operation lasts for 10d to obtain a water body for removing pollutants and bottom mud for removing the pollutants;
taking the soil with the substrate layer of the constructed wetland polluted by the chlorinated organic compounds and 0-15cm underground as the tested soil. The reactor is made of polyethylene plates with the length, width and height of 80cm multiplied by 30cm multiplied by 50cm, a water outlet with the diameter of 2cm is reserved at the position 5cm away from the bottom of the side surface of the reactor, and a porous water collecting pipe with the diameter of 2cm and the length of 35cm is inserted into the water outlet. Laying coarse sand (water outlet pipe), wetland filler and polluted soil (arranging cathode) from bottom to top according to the descending subsurface flow wetland; arranging a unit cathode of an electrocatalysis module of a downward subsurface flow constructed wetland at the depth of 10cm of wetland bottom mud; placing the unit anode in a water collecting outlet pipe with holes; connecting the unit cathode with the cathode of the solar power supply device by using a lead, connecting the anode of the solar power supply device with the unit anode by using a lead, and operating the reactor;
the running time is 200min, the additional voltage of the solar power supply device is controlled to be 0.8V through the voltage stabilizer, the removal efficiency of the chlorinated organic pollutants in the bottom sludge is compared under the condition that the specific electrifying time is changed to be 60min, 90min, 120min, 150min and 180min respectively (the concentration of the treated abnormal data obtained after the experiment sample is re-experimented is 0.224mg/g, the removal efficiency is 88.5 percent), and the specific efficiency is shown in figure 7. As can be seen by observing the graph, when the voltage is 0.8V, the electrifying time is 60min, the removal efficiency is 83.1%, the treatment efficiency of the chlorinated organic pollutants is gradually increased along with the increase of the time, and the highest value of the treatment efficiency is 88.8% when the electrifying time reaches 120 min.
The method comprises the following steps: the unit cathode of an electro-catalytic module of the downward subsurface flow constructed wetland is arranged in the bottom sediment near the root system of wetland plants affected by chlorinated organic pollutants, the unit anode is arranged near the water collection outlet of the constructed wetland, and the unit anode and the unit cathode are respectively connected with a solar power supply device by integrated wires. The module can realize that: the unit cathode realizes the reductive dechlorination of chlorinated organic pollutants, and the unit anode realizes the oxidative degradation of the dechlorinated chlorinated organic matters. The utility model discloses have the normal position of wetland bed mud persistence organic pollutant and get rid of, advantage such as the operation is stable in succession to can effectively maintain the artifical undercurrent wetland down of reinforceing.
Maintaining a root system, degrading and converting chlorinated organic toxic pollutants and repairing the bottom mud by using a microbial electrolytic cell device for in-situ repairing of deep bottom mud and maintaining of vegetation root systems; aiming at the downstream subsurface flow wetlands with different areas, determining the size of a unit cathode according to the area of the wetland possibly polluted by chlorinated organic pollutants, selecting the size of a unit cathode grid according to the variety of wetland plants, laying the unit cathode in the wetland and performing modular maintenance, placing the unit cathode of an electrocatalysis module of the downstream subsurface flow artificial wetland in the plant soil of the downstream subsurface flow wetland, and adapting the shape of the unit cathode according to different vegetation root extension conditions due to good plasticity of a reticular structure so as to enable the unit cathode to be close to the vegetation root; the unit cathode and the unit anode are respectively connected with the anode integrated circuit board and the cathode integrated circuit board of the solar power supply device through the cathode lead and the anode lead; respectively arranging the unit anodes at the positions, close to the outlets, of the water collecting pipes of the groups of the descending subsurface flow wetlands; the electrode is utilized to strengthen the chlorinated organic pollutants in the plant root system bottom mud of the artificial wetland for the double conversion and degradation of the bioelectrochemistry cathode and the anode, the cathode can achieve the reduction and dechlorination effects of the chlorinated organic pollutants, and the anode can reduce and dechlorinate the products of the cathode for further oxidative degradation.
The above-mentioned embodiments further describe the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an electro-catalysis experimental apparatus of lower undercurrent constructed wetland, including upper portion open-ended water isolated column (1), water isolated column (1) is followed and has been arranged overflow layer (2) down in proper order, water and soil mixed layer (3), first packing layer (4), second packing layer (5), inlet tube (6) and outlet pipe (7) are installed to the lateral wall of water isolated column (1), overflow layer (2) are arranged in inserting in inlet tube (6), second packing layer (5) are arranged in inserting in outlet pipe (7), plant roots is located water and soil mixed layer (3), its characterized in that: the solar water-soil mixed layer water-soil separation fence is characterized in that a solar power supply device (8) is arranged outside the water isolation fence (1), a unit cathode (9) is arranged in the water-soil mixed layer (3), a unit anode (10) is arranged in the water outlet pipe (7), a cathode lead (11) is arranged between the solar power supply device (8) and the unit cathode (9), and an anode lead (12) is arranged between the solar power supply device (8) and the unit anode (10).
2. The electro-catalysis experimental device for the artificial wetland of the descending subsurface flow is characterized in that: the unit cathode (9) is formed by alternately weaving and curling a plurality of carbon fiber steel wire brushes (13), the carbon fiber steel wire brushes (13) are divided into stainless steel wires (14) and carbon fibers (15), and the carbon fiber steel wire brushes (13) are formed by twisting the carbon fibers (15) around the stainless steel wires (14).
3. The electro-catalysis experimental device for the artificial wetland of the descending subsurface flow is characterized in that: the diameter of the stainless steel wire (14) is 0.25mm, and the length of the carbon fiber (15) is 30 mm.
4. The electro-catalysis experimental device for the artificial wetland of the descending subsurface flow is characterized in that: the unit anode (10) comprises a graphite block (16) and carbon fiber cloth (17), the graphite block (16) is wrapped by the carbon fiber cloth (17) to form a cylinder structure, and one end of the anode lead (12) is inserted into the graphite block (16).
5. The electro-catalysis experimental device for the artificial wetland of the descending subsurface flow is characterized in that: the length, width and height of the graphite block (16) are 1cm-2 cm.
6. The electro-catalysis experimental device for the artificial wetland of the descending subsurface flow is characterized in that: the solar power supply device (8) further comprises a negative electrode (18) and a positive electrode (19), the cathode lead (11) is connected to the negative electrode (18), and the anode lead (12) is connected to the positive electrode (19).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110395858A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-11-01 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of electro-catalysis experimental provision of downlink drowned flow artificial wet land |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110395858A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-11-01 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of electro-catalysis experimental provision of downlink drowned flow artificial wet land |
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