CN210559981U - Equipment for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by using microbial fuel cell - Google Patents
Equipment for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by using microbial fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN210559981U CN210559981U CN201920497342.7U CN201920497342U CN210559981U CN 210559981 U CN210559981 U CN 210559981U CN 201920497342 U CN201920497342 U CN 201920497342U CN 210559981 U CN210559981 U CN 210559981U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud by a microbial fuel cell, which comprises a ship body, wherein a carbon particle mixing tank, a winch bracket, a winch and a jet pump are arranged on the ship body; the carbon particle mixing tank is used for mixing carbon particles with water to form a carbon particle mixed solution; the carbon felt anode and the carbon felt cathode are wound on a winch bracket and can be paved into bottom mud or a water body along with the rotation of the winch; the jet pump mixes carbon particles in the sediment and deposits the carbon particles on a carbon felt anode paved on a riverbed; and the laid carbon felt anode and carbon felt cathode, the bottom mud and the water body jointly form a microbial fuel cell system. The utility model discloses can realize the industrialization, scale, lasting, the ecological continuation restoration of gushing black smelly bed mud to city tidal river. The construction is low in cost, wide in range and high in speed, the microbial fuel cell system can be continuously paved, the paved microbial fuel cell system is quick in effect, long in continuous repairing time, and manual nursing is not needed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an environmental pollution administers technical field, especially relates to a microbial fuel cell restores equipment of city tidal river black and odorous bed mud.
Background
The bottom mud of the urban tidal black and odorous river, namely the sediment at the bottom of the river, is a gathering place of various pollutants, such as heavy metals, organic chemicals and nutrient substances. With the rapid development of industry and the rapid growth of population, a large amount of industrial and agricultural pollutants enter a water body through atmospheric sedimentation, wastewater discharge, rainwater leaching and scouring, and as the regulation and storage function of the river is weak, the pollutant receiving capacity is small, the pollutant carrying capacity is insufficient, the pollutants exceed the self-purification capacity of the river, the pollutants are continuously accumulated, a certain part of the pollutants are accumulated in bottom mud, so that the bottom mud is polluted to threaten an aquatic ecosystem, the water quality of the river is deteriorated, stink is emitted, the surrounding environment is very bad, and the adverse effect on human health is generated. At present, the water body sediment remediation technology mainly comprises in-situ remediation (such as a masking technology, a plant and microorganism remediation technology, flocculant and reducing agent adding and the like) and ex-situ remediation (sediment dredging, air oxygenation, solidification landfill, composting and the like), the most used is sediment dredging, but the treatment cost is high, the engineering quantity is large, the peripheral environment can be greatly influenced in the treatment process, the dredged sediment needs to be subjected to additional harmless treatment, and other physical and chemical treatment methods have certain problems respectively.
And introduce the bottom mud pollution treatment field with microbial fuel cell MFCs technique, the recovery energy when restoreing the bottom mud, can greatly reduced water body bottom mud's treatment cost in principle, realize the utilization of resources to the bottom mud simultaneously, undoubtedly be the great innovation of water body bottom mud treatment theory, have obvious innovative meaning and practical value.
In the prior art, organic matters in seabed sediments are utilized to generate electricity, which is called as an unattended seabed generator, and a Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) -based water body pollution remediation technology is gradually developed. In SMFCs, the anode is usually placed in an anoxic bottom sediment, the cathode is suspended in oxygen-containing water above the anode, the cathode and the anode are connected by a wire, and a resistor is connected to form a closed loop. Under the catalytic action of anaerobic microorganisms, organic matters in the sediment are oxidized in the anode area, and generated electrons are transmitted to the anode through cell membranes and then transferred to the cathode through an external circuit. On the other hand, hydrogen ions generated in the oxidation process are transferred to the cathode region through an overlying water-sediment interface, and dissolved oxygen in the overlying water receives electrons and then is combined with the hydrogen ions to generate water, so that the reduction process of the oxygen is completed. In SMFCs, the anode acts as an electron acceptor that accepts electrons generated during the oxidation of organic substances by microorganisms, and thus accelerates the removal of organic substances from the deposit while generating an electric current. Most of the research on microbial fuel cells in sediment has focused on marine environments, while less research has been conducted in fresh water rivers. This is because seawater has a higher conductivity than fresh water. The conductivity of the seawater can reach 50000 mu S-cm at 20 DEG C-1And the conductivity of the fresh water is only 500 mu S-cm-1. Since the conductivity of the electrolyte is one of the important factors affecting the internal resistance of the MFC, the higher the conductivity, the smaller the internal resistance, and thus the seawater SMFC can generate a higher amount of electricity than the fresh water SMFC.
Therefore, in pollution control by using SMFC in fresh water type watersheds, how to continuously and reliably improve the conductivity of fresh water in a large area at low cost, especially the conductivity of overlying water close to bottom mud, has been a difficult technical problem to overcome.
The SMFC was evaluated for its ability to remove organic materials from deposits while generating electricity. When the SMFC is operated by a porous graphite electrode for 160 days, the total organic matter content of the anode within 1cm is reduced by 30%, and the organic matter content is almost unchanged at a position far away from the anode and under an open-circuit state. This indicates that the capacity of the SMFC to oxidize organics in the deposit is enhanced in the closed state. In addition, the degradation of organics in the deposit is consistent with the formation of an electric current, with a greater current indicating more degradation of the organics. Although SMFCs are suitable for the repair of deposits, their power generation capacity and contaminant removal capacity are still limited by the large electrode spacing, low cathode oxygen utilization, and the like. Therefore, how to overcome the limitations of large electrode spacing, low cathode oxygen utilization rate and the like in the flow field pollution treatment is also a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Current research also indicates that SMFC short circuit formation can improve pollution abatement efficiency. According to the research, a sediment microbial fuel cell is constructed to carry out in-situ removal on nitrogen in the eutrophic lake water body and simultaneously generate electric energy. The results show that the maximum power density achieved by the SMFC in the synthetic lake water rich in nitrate and nitrite is 42 mW.m respectively-2And 36 mW.m-2Meanwhile, the removal rates of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen respectively reach 62 percent and 77 percent. In the closed state, the SMFC can remove nitrogen by a factor of 4 in the open state. According to the law of conservation of matter, in this SMFC system, most of the removed nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are reduced to nitrogen. SMFC can also effectively carry out in-situ remediation on aquaculture water. There are researchers who have constructed two SMFC systems, one connecting external resistors to form a closed loop (SMFC-1) and one forming a short circuit (SMFC-2). The two systems are respectively operated under different conditions, and the in-situ removal effect of the two systems on COD and TKN in the aquaculture water body is inspected. However, the above research is only a result of an application experiment in a small range, and how to quickly construct the SMFC in a large watershed wastewater and sludge treatment at a low cost and form a continuous and stable short circuit between two electrodes of the SMFC, so as to continuously, stably and efficiently treat the large watershed wastewater and sludge, which is also a technical problem that is not easy to overcome.
It has been found that the output current of SMFC is closely related to the dissolved oxygen concentration in the cathode region.The rate of reduction of dissolved oxygen in the overlying water at the cathode is one of the limiting factors in SMFC performance. As a result, it was found that SMFC-2 exhibited a higher removal rate than SMFC-1 in both cases of aeration and non-aeration of the cathode region. When aerated, the removal rates of COD and TKN by SMFC-1 and SMFC-2 are 79.4%, 92.6%, 84.4% and 95.3%, respectively. When the concentration of dissolved oxygen drops below 5mg O2·L-1The current drops sharply. This means that when running SMFC in the field, the dissolved oxygen conditions should be taken into full account, suggesting that 5mg O be maintained2·L-1The above. However, continuous aeration is expensive and has a limited coverage area, and how to maintain the dissolved oxygen conditions of the substrate sludge supernatant above a set level without aeration in the treatment of large-scale river gushes in a river basin is one of the technical problems that restrict the large-scale application of SMFC.
Therefore, the existing microbial fuel cell treatment technology applied to river surge pollution treatment also has the problems of low conductivity and low dissolved oxygen of fresh water covered on river surge bottom mud, large electrode spacing, low utilization rate of cathode oxygen, high overall treatment cost, difficulty in large-scale construction, difficulty in lasting effect and the like, so that the existing microbial fuel cell technology is difficult to be applied to the treatment of the river surge sewage and bottom mud in a large scale, and the existing microbial fuel cell treatment technology has no case of being applied to the comprehensive treatment of the river surge pollution, and the application and the development of the microbial fuel cell in the field of the river surge pollution treatment are severely limited.
Therefore, a new device for repairing urban tidal black and odorous river sediment by using a microbial fuel cell needs to be researched to achieve the purposes of low-cost, high-efficiency and long-acting comprehensive treatment of river pollution of fresh water in large-area drainage basin level.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above-mentioned not enough, the utility model aims to provide an equipment of city tidal river black and odorous bed mud is restoreed to microbial fuel cell, its construction low cost, persistence are strong, environment friendly, lay the microbial fuel cell system that forms and can realize energy recuperation and the getting rid of organic pollutant such as river black and odorous bed mud simultaneously.
The utility model discloses a reach the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopted and be:
a microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river gush black and odorous bottom mud is characterized by comprising a ship body, wherein a carbon particle mixing tank, a winch bracket, a winch and a jet pump are arranged on the ship body; the carbon particle mixing tank is used for mixing carbon particles with water to form a carbon particle mixed solution; the carbon felt anode and the carbon felt cathode are wound on a winch bracket and can be paved into bottom mud or a water body along with the rotation of the winch; the jet pump body is respectively connected with a pressure gas conduit, a river water conduit, a carbon granule mixed liquid conduit and a jet water outlet conduit, wherein the pressure gas is introduced into the jet pump through the conduits, the negative pressure generated by the pressure gas sucks the river water into the jet pump through the conduits and the carbon granule mixed liquid, the three are mixed in the jet pump, then the mixture is sprayed into the river gush black and odorous bottom mud through the jet water outlet conduit, the bottom mud is blown up, and the carbon granules are mixed in the sediment and are redeposited on a carbon felt anode paved on a river bed while the sediment-water interface is destroyed and the bottom mud is suspended and exposed out of the river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface; and the laid carbon felt anode and carbon felt cathode, the bottom mud and the water body jointly form a microbial fuel cell system.
And the ship body is also provided with a support frame and a tension wheel for supporting the carbon felt conveyed by the winch support, guiding the carbon felt into a water body and continuously laying the carbon felt.
The carbon felt anode comprises an upper activated carbon fiber felt, a lower activated carbon fiber felt and a copper foil which is clamped between the activated carbon fiber felts and is laid flatly, a plurality of copper wires penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felts and the copper foil for many times in a sole-receiving mode respectively, then the copper wires are led to the center of the carbon felt, and the plurality of copper wires after being met again are twisted into one strand to be used as an anode wire to form the carbon felt anode.
The carbon felt cathode comprises an upper activated carbon fiber felt and a lower activated carbon fiber felt, and a copper foil which is horizontally laid is clamped between the upper activated carbon fiber felt and the lower activated carbon fiber felt, a plurality of copper wires penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felt and the copper foil for multiple times in a sole receiving mode respectively, then the copper wires are led to the center of the carbon felt, the plurality of copper wires after being met repeatedly are twisted into one strand to serve as a cathode lead, and plastic foam suspended matters are arranged on the upper activated carbon fiber felt and the lower activated carbon fiber felt respectively to form the.
The jet pump is used for jetting carbon granule mixed liquid with a set amount into the river gushing black and odorous bottom mud, the bottom mud is blown up, the impact force destroys a sediment-water interface, the bottom mud is suspended, a river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface is exposed, and the carbon granules are mixed into the bottom mud to form the bottom mud-carbon granule mixed layer.
The carbon felt anode is laid on the upper surface of the river bed and below the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer, covers the upper surface of the river bed and forms an anode region of the microbial fuel cell together with the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer.
The carbon felt cathode is laid in a suspended mode above the carbon felt anode within a set water height range, the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt anode are connected through a conductive cable to form a direct short circuit, or an impedance load is connected in series between the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt anode to form a closed loop, and a complete microbial fuel cell system is formed.
The area ratio of the carbon felt anode and the carbon felt cathode is set as the carbon felt anode: the area ratio of the carbon felt cathode is 1: 2-4, the relationship between the electricity generation efficiency of the formed microbial fuel cell and the area of the carbon felt anode is as follows:
PAn＝I2Rext/AAn
in the formula, PAnIs power density, mW/m2；RextIs external resistance, k Ω; i is current, mA; a. theAnIs the surface area of the anode electrode, m2。
The carbon felt anode is horizontally embedded at a position 5-15 cm below a sediment-water interface; horizontally suspending the carbon felt cathode at a position 10-50 cm above a sediment-water interface, connecting leads of the carbon felt cathode and the sediment-water interface, and fixing the carbon felt cathode in a water body through the leads and keeping the carbon felt cathode at a set height.
The weight proportion of the carbon particles mixed in the sediment, namely the carbon particles mixed in the bottom mud is 1 to 5 percent of the dry weight of the sludge.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model provides a dedicated hull equipment construction, through laying in succession and the mixed operation to carbon felt, carbon granule, can realize utilizing SMFC's fresh water type basin pollution control, large tracts of land, low-cost, last reliable construction problem can improve the conductivity of fresh water by a wide margin, have overcome the difficult technological problem that is difficult to promote to the conductivity of the upper cover water that is close the bed mud.
(2) The utility model provides an equipment, mix into carbon granule in the sediment through penetrating the flow direction, increase the electric conductive property of sediment, adopt the carbon felt positive pole of the great area of direction connection simultaneously, the carbon felt negative pole makes carbon granule (biological carbon granule) and sediment intensive mixing under fluidic effect, the mixture of biological carbon and sediment that forms is as microbial fuel cell's positive pole substrate, the electric conductive property of sediment has been strengthened, microbial load capacity in the microbial fuel cell has been increased, its good electric conductivity that has reduced the internal resistance and has improved electron migration rate, be favorable to accelerating sediment pollutant oxidation-reduction speed, accelerate the speed of repairing of sediment, efficiency, thereby be favorable to realizing the promotion and the sediment processing resourceization of electrogenesis rate. Through practical tests, the method can shorten the treatment time of treating the bottom mud in the black and odorous rivers, has quick response and can improve the treatment efficiency by 20-40%.
(3) The biological carbon adopted by the device in the utility model is a solid product obtained by pyrolyzing sludge or agricultural and forestry waste under the oxygen-deficient atmosphere, has a pore structure with large specific surface area and wide source, is mostly derived from the sludge or the agricultural and forestry waste, can be obtained anywhere, has low price and stable property, is beneficial to stabilizing heavy metals in bottom mud and degrading organic pollutants, can not bring secondary pollution, and can not cause adverse effect on aquatic animals and plants and an ecological system; the adopted carbon particles increase the electric conductivity of the anode substrate and the attachment area of the electrogenic bacteria, thereby enhancing the performance of the microbial fuel cell. The utility model discloses utilize biological carbon to construct microbial fuel cell system and improve its performance, can realize the dual function to the resource utilization of living beings and environmental pollution improvement, improved its economic value to the environmental improvement cost has been reduced.
(4) The utility model provides a microbial fuel cell system of constituteing by carbon felt positive pole, carbon felt negative pole etc. once lays and to use for a long time, its effective life (generally can reach 2-3 years), and the investment is little, and convenient construction does not need artifical on duty, can convenient and fast carry out the drainage territory ization construction, can reduce black smelly river by a wide margin and administer prosthetic investment and construction cost, can realize the restoration of the black smelly bed mud industrialization of flow field level freshwater river, scale, persistence, ecological persistence.
(5) The utility model provides a professional equipment through the operation of jet pump, can realize sneaking into carbon granule in the sediment on the one hand, can realize simultaneously to aeration operation in sediment and the water, increases the dissolved oxygen in the water, and its structural design is ingenious, succinct, practical, easily operates, easily large tracts of land construction. The jet pump can simultaneously extract and mix the mixed liquid of the river water and the carbon granules, has two purposes, greatly simplifies the operation steps and reduces the number of equipment.
The above technical scheme of the utility model, a plurality of technological problems have been overcome to the key, have solved industrialization, scale, lasting, the fast scheduling problem of onset that the black smelly bed mud pollution ecology of tidal river faces, have still solved low cost simultaneously, on a large scale, the problem of quick construction.
The above is an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, and the present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the special device provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the preparation process and structure of the carbon felt electrode provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the output voltage of a single microbial fuel cell system provided in example 1;
in the figure: 1. a hull 2, a water line; 21. a body of water; 3. a sediment-water interface; 31. sediments (river black and odorous bottom mud); 4. a jet pump; 41. a pressure gas conduit; 42. a river water conduit; 43. a carbon granule mixed liquid conduit; 44. a jet water outlet conduit; 5. carbon particle mixing tank 6, winch support and winch 7, carbon felt (sheet); 72. a carbon felt anode; a carbon felt cathode 71; 73. a carbon fiber mat; 74. copper foil; 75. Copper wire (wire).
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Example 1: referring to the attached drawings 1-3, the utility model provides a microbial fuel cell restores equipment of city tidal river shoves black smelly bed mud adopts 1 continuous construction of hull to form microbial fuel cell system, wherein carbon felt electrode direct short circuit method or cluster impedance load 9, constitute single microbial fuel cell system and restore the bed mud. The method is particularly applied to the restoration and treatment of black and odorous bottom mud of a fresh water river in south China, the average water depth of the river is 1.2 meters, the average width of the river is 120 meters, the water body of the river is urban oxygen-enriched domestic sewage, the average thickness of the black and odorous bottom mud is 5-10 centimeters, and most of the black and odorous bottom mud is formed by deposition of domestic garbage and other organic matters.
A microbial fuel cell restores the black and odorous substrate mud of urban tidal river gush, it includes a hull 1, the hull 1 is in operation, partly submerge in the water 2 below the water level 2; a carbon particle mixing tank 5, a winch bracket, a winch 6 and a jet pump 4 are arranged on the ship body 1; the carbon particle mixing tank 5 mixes the carbon particles with water to form a carbon particle mixed solution; the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 are stacked and coiled on the winch bracket 6, can be gradually unfolded along with the rotation of the winch 6 and are paved into bottom mud or a water body; the jet pump 4 is connected with a pressure gas conduit 41, a river conduit 42, a carbon granule mixed liquid conduit 43 and a jet water outlet conduit 44 respectively, wherein the pressure gas is introduced into the jet pump 4 through the conduit 41, the negative pressure generated by the pressure gas sucks the river into the jet pump 4 through the conduit 42 and the carbon granule mixed liquid through the conduit 43, the three are mixed in the jet pump 4, and then are sprayed into the river gushing black and odorous bottom mud through the jet water outlet conduit 44 to blow up the bottom mud, the impact force of the impact force destroys the sediment-water interface 3 to suspend the bottom mud (namely the sediment) 31 and expose the riverbed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface 3, and simultaneously, the carbon granules are mixed in the sediment and are redeposited on a carbon felt anode 72 paved on the riverbed together to obviously improve the conductivity of the sediment; the laid carbon felt anode 72 and carbon felt cathode 71, the bottom mud 31 and the water body 21 jointly form a microbial fuel cell system, and the repair of the urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud is realized.
The ship body 1 is also provided with a support frame and a tension wheel 8 which are used for supporting the carbon felt 7 conveyed by the winch support and the winch 6 and guiding the carbon felt into a water body 21 to form a microbial battery system I. During actual construction, the operation is generally carried out in the direction opposite to the runoff on the surface of the river so as to obtain better operation effect.
The jet pump 4 sprays a preset amount of carbon granule 7 mixed liquid into the river gushing black and odorous bottom mud 31, blows the bottom mud 31, and the impact force destroys the sediment-water interface 3 to suspend the bottom mud 31 and expose the river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface 3, so that the carbon granules 7 are mixed into the bottom mud to form a bottom mud-carbon granule mixed layer.
The carbon felt anode 71 is laid on the upper surface of the river bed and below the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer, covers the upper surface of the river bed and forms an anode region of the microbial fuel cell together with the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer.
The carbon felt cathode 72 is laid in a suspended manner above the carbon felt anode 71 within a set height range of the water body 21, and the carbon felt cathode 72 and the carbon felt anode 71 are connected by a conductive cable 75 to form a direct short circuit or connected in series with an impedance load in the middle to form a closed loop, so that a complete microbial fuel cell system is formed.
The carbon felt sheet 7 is an activated carbon fiber felt, carbon felt for short.
The carbon particles and the carbon felt 7 are all biological carbon and are prepared by the following steps:
using agricultural waste crop straws as a precursor material, drying a sample at 65 +/-5 ℃, and crushing and sieving the sample by using a plant crusher; putting the biomass into a container with a cover, and placing the container in a muffle furnace or other high-temperature furnace for anoxic carbonization to prepare biochar; the muffle furnace adopts a programmed heating method of heating at 5 ℃/min until the temperature is 500-700 ℃ and keeping for 1-3 hours, and then naturally cooling to prepare the biochar.
The carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 are both layered modified carbon felt 7, and the modification is completed by adopting the following steps:
soaking the carbon felt for 3 hours by using acetone to remove oily substances adsorbed on the surface of the carbon felt and increase the affinity of the surface of the carbon felt; pumping and washing with vacuum pump for 5 times, washing with deionized water, boiling with deionized water for 3 hr (changing water for 30 min), and oven drying; finally, the treated carbon felt is immersed in concentrated nitric acid (2 mol. L)-1) Washing the mixture for 5 hours by deionized water until the mixture is neutral, and drying the mixture.
The carbon felt anode 72 is a layered structure, a piece of tiled copper foil 74 is sandwiched between an upper activated carbon fiber felt 73 and a lower activated carbon fiber felt 73, then a plurality of copper wires 75 penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felts 73 and the copper foil 74 for multiple times in a sole-receiving mode respectively, then the copper wires are guided to the center of the carbon felts 73, and the plurality of copper wires after encountering are twisted into one strand to be used as an anode lead 75, so that the carbon felt anode 72 is formed.
The carbon felt cathode 71 is also of a layered structure, a piece of copper foil 74 is sandwiched between an upper activated carbon fiber felt 73 and a lower activated carbon fiber felt 73, a plurality of copper wires 75 penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felt 73 and the copper foil 74 for multiple times in a sole accommodating manner, then the copper wires are guided to the center of the carbon felt 73, the plurality of copper wires 75 after being met repeatedly are twisted into one strand to serve as a cathode lead 75, and a plurality of plastic foam suspended matters (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the upper activated carbon fiber felt 73 and the lower activated carbon fiber felt 73 respectively to form a suspended carbon felt cathode 71.
The carbon felt anode 72 is horizontally embedded at a position 5-15 cm below the sediment-water interface 3 (and below the bottom mud 31); the carbon felt cathode 71 horizontally suspends at a position 10 cm-50 cm above the sediment-water interface 3; the leads 75 of the anode and the cathode are connected with each other, and the carbon felt cathode 71 is fixed in the water body through the leads 75 and is kept at a set height to form a microbial battery system for repairing and treating the bottom mud.
In order to further improve the conductivity of the bottom mud, the weight proportion of the carbon particle content mixed in the bottom mud is 1-5% of the dry weight of the sludge, and the specific proportion can be selected according to the components of the bottom mud.
When a microbial battery system is formed, the area ratio of the carbon felt anode 72 to the carbon felt cathode 71 is optimally set as the area ratio of the carbon felt anode 72 to the carbon felt cathode 71: the area ratio of the carbon felt cathode 71 is 1: 2-4, the relationship between the electricity generation efficiency of the formed microbial fuel cell system and the area of the carbon felt anode 72 is as follows:
PAn＝I2Rext/AAn
in the formula, PAnIs power density, mW/m2；RextIs external resistance, k Ω; i is current, mA; a. theAnIs the surface area of the anode electrode, m2。
The utility model provides a microbial fuel cell restores black smelly bed mud of city tidal river, and its during operation includes the following step:
(1) preparing biochar, further preparing the biochar into a carbon felt 7 and carbon particles, and further preparing a carbon felt anode 72 and a carbon felt cathode 71;
(2) jetting the carbon particle mixed solution with a set amount into the river black and odorous bottom mud 31 (namely the sediment at the bottom of the river water body) by using the jet flow generated by the jet flow pump 4, blowing up the bottom mud 31, damaging the sediment-water interface 3 by the impact force of the bottom mud, suspending the bottom mud 31, exposing the river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface 3, laying a carbon felt anode 72 on the upper surface of the river bed to cover the upper surface of the river bed, laying a suspended carbon felt cathode 71 at a corresponding position above the carbon felt anode 72 and within a set height range, and connecting the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 by using a conductive cable 75;
(3) when the mixture of the suspended bottom mud 31 and the carbon particles is gradually deposited on the upper surface of the river bed, the mixture is deposited on the carbon felt anode 72 and then mixed with each other to form an anode area of the microbial fuel cell because the upper surface of the river bed is covered by the carbon felt anode 72; a carbon felt cathode 71 arranged above the carbon felt anode 72 is mixed with dissolved oxygen water to form a cathode region of the microbial fuel cell; the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 are connected by a conductive cable 75 to form a short circuit directly, or an impedance load 9 (a resistance of 1000 Ω in this embodiment) is connected in series between the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 to form a closed loop, i.e. a complete microbial fuel cell system I is formed;
(4) organic matters in the river bottom mud (namely sediments) 31 are continuously oxidized in the anode region under the catalytic action of anaerobic microorganisms, and generated electrons penetrate through cell membranes and are transmitted to the anode and then are transferred to the cathode through the lead 75; meanwhile, hydrogen ions generated in the oxidation process are transmitted to the cathode region through the overlying water-sediment interface 3, dissolved oxygen in the overlying water 21 receives electrons and then is combined with the hydrogen ions to generate water, the oxygen reduction process is completed, the removal of organic matters in the bottom mud 31 is accelerated, and the ecological continuous repair of the urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud is realized.
The utility model provides a microbial fuel cell system that equipment laid formed is suitable for the large tracts of land construction, and its operation need not artificial intervention, and its administration time is long (can reach 2-3 years), and is effectual.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the operation effect of the microbial fuel cell in which deposits are actually measured according to the present embodiment.
The performance effect of the microbial fuel cell is improved, and the bottom sludge energy recovery and restoration effects and the like are tested in example 1. The results of the tests with 0%, 2%, 5% by weight of bioactive carbon granules mixed in the anode substrate (sludge 31) are shown in fig. 3, respectively (the contents are calculated on the basis of the dry weight of the sludge). The change curve of the output voltage of the microbial fuel cell system I in the operation period can be seen, the operation period of the whole microbial fuel cell system is 550 hours, the discharge voltage of the microbial fuel cell system with 5% and 2% of biological carbon bottom mud as substrates is obviously higher than that of the microbial fuel cell system without biological carbon granules, the average power generation voltage of 5% of the bottom mud content is more than 5 times of that of the system without the biological carbon granules, namely, the repair speed of the microbial fuel cell system is more than 5 times of that of the system without the biological carbon granules, the corresponding treatment time is shortened by more than 5 times, and the aim of quick response can be achieved. During the operation, the external circuit is connected with a 1000 omega load resistor 9, and the ambient temperature is (30 +/-1) DEG C.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical scheme, the key industrialization, scale, the persistence that have solved the black smelly bed mud pollution ecological management of tidal river and face, the fast scheduling problem of onset has still solved low-cost, on a large scale, the problem of quick construction simultaneously.
Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment examples, and many modifications are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the invention should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river gush black and odorous bottom mud is characterized by comprising a ship body, wherein a carbon felt anode and a carbon felt cathode are arranged on the ship body, a carbon particle mixing tank, a winch support, a winch and a jet pump are arranged on the ship body; the carbon particle mixing tank is used for mixing carbon particles with water to form a carbon particle mixed solution; the carbon felt anode and the carbon felt cathode are wound on a winch bracket and can be paved into bottom mud or a water body along with the rotation of the winch; the jet pump body is respectively connected with a pressure gas conduit, a river water conduit, a carbon granule mixed liquid conduit and a jet water outlet conduit, wherein the pressure gas is introduced into the jet pump through the conduits, the negative pressure generated by the pressure gas sucks the river water into the jet pump through the conduits and the carbon granule mixed liquid, the three are mixed in the jet pump, then the mixture is sprayed into the river gush black and odorous bottom mud through the jet water outlet conduit, the bottom mud is blown up, and the carbon granules are mixed in the sediment and are redeposited on a carbon felt anode paved on a river bed while the sediment-water interface is destroyed and the bottom mud is suspended and exposed out of the river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface; and the laid carbon felt anode and carbon felt cathode, the bottom mud and the water body jointly form a microbial fuel cell system.
2. The microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the ship body is also provided with a support frame and a tension wheel for supporting the carbon felt conveyed by the winch support, guiding the carbon felt into a water body and continuously laying the carbon felt.
3. The microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon felt anode comprises an upper activated carbon fiber felt, a lower activated carbon fiber felt and a copper foil which is clamped between the activated carbon fiber felts and is laid flatly, a plurality of copper wires penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felts and the copper foil for many times in a sole-receiving mode respectively, then the copper wires are led to the center of the carbon felt, and the plurality of copper wires after being met again are twisted into one strand to be used as an anode wire to form the carbon felt anode.
4. The microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon felt cathode comprises an upper activated carbon fiber felt and a lower activated carbon fiber felt, and a copper foil which is horizontally laid is clamped between the upper activated carbon fiber felt and the lower activated carbon fiber felt, a plurality of copper wires penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felt and the copper foil for multiple times in a sole receiving mode respectively, then the copper wires are led to the center of the carbon felt, the plurality of copper wires after being met repeatedly are twisted into one strand to serve as a cathode lead, and plastic foam suspended matters are arranged on the upper activated carbon fiber felt and the lower activated carbon fiber felt respectively to form the.
5. The microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the jet pump sprays carbon granule mixed liquid with a set amount into the river gushing black and odorous bottom mud, blows the bottom mud, destroys the sediment-water interface by the impact force, enables the bottom mud to suspend, exposes the river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface, and enables the carbon granules to be mixed into the bottom mud to form the bottom mud-carbon granule mixed layer.
6. The microbial fuel cell equipment for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud according to claim 5, characterized in that: the carbon felt anode is laid on the upper surface of the river bed and below the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer, covers the upper surface of the river bed and forms an anode region of the microbial fuel cell together with the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer.
7. The microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon felt cathode is laid in a suspended mode above the carbon felt anode within a set water height range, the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt anode are connected through a conductive cable to form a direct short circuit, or an impedance load is connected in series between the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt anode to form a closed loop, and a complete microbial fuel cell system is formed.
8. The microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom sediment according to claim 1, wherein the area ratio of the laid carbon felt anode to the laid carbon felt cathode is set as the area ratio of the carbon felt anode to the carbon felt cathode: the area ratio of the carbon felt cathode is 1: 2-4, the relationship between the electricity generation efficiency of the formed microbial fuel cell system and the area of the carbon felt anode is as follows:
PAn＝I2Rext/AAn
in the formula, PAnIs power density, mW/m2；RextIs external resistance, k Ω; i is current, mA; a. theAnIs the surface area of the anode electrode, m2。
9. The microbial fuel cell device for repairing urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud according to claim 1, wherein the carbon felt anode is horizontally embedded at a position 5-15 cm below a sediment-water interface; the carbon felt cathode horizontally suspends at a position 10 cm-50 cm above the sediment-water interface; the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt cathode are connected with each other through a lead, and the carbon felt cathode is fixed in the water body through the lead and is kept at a set height.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111285575A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2020-06-16 | 广州益禄丰生态环保科技有限责任公司 | Method and equipment for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by using microbial fuel cell |
| CN112644658A (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-04-13 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Microbial electrogenesis research system and application of microbial electrogenesis research system in prevention and treatment of attachment of fouling organisms |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111285575A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2020-06-16 | 广州益禄丰生态环保科技有限责任公司 | Method and equipment for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by using microbial fuel cell |
| CN112644658A (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-04-13 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Microbial electrogenesis research system and application of microbial electrogenesis research system in prevention and treatment of attachment of fouling organisms |
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