CN114380387B - Landscape water body restoration treatment method - Google Patents

Landscape water body restoration treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114380387B
CN114380387B CN202210081698.9A CN202210081698A CN114380387B CN 114380387 B CN114380387 B CN 114380387B CN 202210081698 A CN202210081698 A CN 202210081698A CN 114380387 B CN114380387 B CN 114380387B
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filler
floating bed
biomass charcoal
water body
floating
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CN114380387A (en
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陈垚
刘臻
吴清宇
刘非
唐颖辉
袁绍春
吴琼
陈人瑜
邓淋月
李运晴
谭雨青
郑鹏
昌子雄
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Chongqing Jiaotong University
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Chongqing Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN202310164315.9A priority Critical patent/CN115925125A/en
Priority to CN202210081698.9A priority patent/CN114380387B/en
Priority to CN202310118931.0A priority patent/CN115926825A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
    • C02F2003/003—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms using activated carbon or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/163—Nitrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/14—NH3-N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/22—O2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses a landscape water body restoration treatment method, which is characterized in that a plurality of micro electrodes are distributed in a filler to form a plurality of micro electric fields in three-dimensional distribution to realize electrochemical treatment. The invention has the advantages of better water body purification effect, better stability, less influence on water body organisms and the like.

Description

Landscape water body restoration treatment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscape water body restoration treatment, in particular to a landscape water body restoration treatment method.
Background
With the continuous advance of urbanization, more and more landscape water bodies including natural and artificial lakes, landscape ponds, landscape rivers and the like appear in cities. The landscape water bodies are constructed more, so that the maintenance frequency is lower, and the phenomena of black and odorous water bodies and eutrophication are caused when garbage, silt and the like in the water bodies are not cleaned in time. The landscape water bodies are mainly characterized by slow flow velocity, poor fluidity, small water body area, easy pollution, insufficient self-purification capacity of the water body, low water environment bearing capacity and the like. Antibiotics have been found for decades, and people are more and more frequently using the antibiotics, including but not limited to a large amount of sulfanilamide antibiotics used in the cultivation field, quinolone antibiotics represented by ofloxacin and the like used in the medicine field, macrolide antibiotics represented by erythromycin and the like, which are often not completely metabolized in human or animal bodies, and are discharged into a sewer system in the form of urine and then enter a sewage treatment plant for treatment, but the treatment effect of the antibiotics in the current sewage treatment plant is not ideal, for example, the sulfanilamide antibiotics are only treated with less than 50 percent, while the water source of the urban landscape water mainly comes from recycled water of the sewage treatment plant, so that the recycled water containing a large amount of antibiotics has the potential of generating resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment after being discharged into the landscape water, and has the risk of gradually accumulating and entering the human body along with a food chain due to poor self-cleaning capability of the water body, and has a large environmental risk level.
The existing purification method for the polluted landscape water body mainly comprises a physical method, a chemical method and an ecological restoration method, wherein the physical method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the chemical method has good effect but not temporary solution, secondary pollution is easy to cause, and the ecological restoration method mainly comprises artificial wetland, ecological floating bed and the like. The artificial wetland in the ecological restoration method has large occupied area and high construction and maintenance cost, and is not suitable for most landscape water bodies in cities, so that the method of the ecological floating bed is mostly adopted, but the traditional ecological floating bed has good removal effect on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants, but is easily influenced by the environment, for example, the removal effect is seriously reduced at low temperature, the removal effect on organic matters which are difficult to degrade in water, such as antibiotics, is general, the fillers mainly depend on the adsorption effect of the fillers, the fillers are replaced in time along with the lapse of time, the growth of plants is influenced after the fillers are replaced, the new fillers face the problems of film re-formation of microorganisms and the like, and the disposal of the old fillers is also a problem which is difficult to solve.
In conclusion: the traditional ecological floating bed has the following defects: 1. the purification effect of the floating bed is unstable, and the floating bed is easily influenced by the environment, so that the purification efficiency is seriously weakened; 2. the effect of removing the refractory organic matters in the water body is not good; 3. the maintenance and management are relatively frequent, the influence on the purification effect of the floating bed is large particularly after the filler is replaced, and no good method is provided for treating the plants harvested from the floating bed.
In order to better improve the water purification effect of the floating bed, the prior art also has a scheme of applying an electric field effect in the floating bed filler, and the water can be better purified by combining the electric field effect. For example, a multifunctional electrochemical coupling ecological floating bed disclosed in CN202021232650.6, an aeration enhanced electrochemical coupling ecological floating bed disclosed in CN201811630590.0, and an ecological floating bed deposition type microbial fuel cell coupling device for water body remediation disclosed in CN201821604321.2 all belong to the technologies. But in the existing electric field type ecological floating bed technology. The majority is with the electric field setting in the filler, and along with the growth of biological root system on the ecological bed of floating and the adsorption of pollutant, can fill the filler inner space very fast, leads to the electric field to be difficult to play the effect when less, if increase electric field strength, leaks easily again and influences aquatic organisms, and too strong also can cause very big influence to the plant of planting and the microbial flora in the filler of electric field simultaneously and survive, must not repay. In some technologies, for example, in the patent device of CN201821604321.2, the electric field is exposed in the water body, so that the electric field is not affected by the change of the filler, but this way will directly affect the fish and living organisms in the water body, and cannot be applied to the places with landscape fish or living organisms, and the landscape fish or living organisms living in the water body are an important component of the water body purification large circulation system, and the absence of the component will also reduce the overall purification and activation effects of the water body.
Therefore, it is a necessary problem to provide a novel ecological restoration technology for polluted landscape water in cities, which can further improve the water purification effect, has high-efficiency, stable and synchronous degradation efficiency on nitrogen, phosphorus, CODCr and refractory organic pollutants in the water, and has lower maintenance frequency and cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the landscape water body restoration treatment method has the advantages of better water body purification effect, better stability and smaller influence on water body organisms.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a landscape water body restoration treatment method is characterized in that plants are planted on a floating bed, plant roots are rooted in a filler in the floating bed to form adsorption treatment on water body pollutants, and meanwhile, an electric field is applied in the filler to form a coupled electrochemical system to realize combined restoration treatment on a water body.
Therefore, the micro electrodes are redistributed in the filler, so that when the whole electric field acts, the micro electrodes play a role of a middle conduction bridge to form a plurality of micro electric fields, and a plurality of micro electrolytic cells are formed after the electric field is electrified, so that adsorbed pollutants are subjected to electrochemical reactions such as ionization decomposition and the like in the micro electrodes, the electrochemical treatment of the pollutants in the micro electrodes can be better realized, and the defect that the effect of the electric field is reduced after the filler blocks due to the fact that the filler occupies too large electric field space is avoided. Greatly improves the water treatment effect and the treatment stability.
Further, a solar cell panel is arranged on the floating bed and provides power for applying an electric field.
Therefore, self-sufficiency can be achieved, extra power-on is not needed, and the applicability of the scheme is improved.
Furthermore, the method is realized by adopting a landscape water body restoration treatment ecological floating bed device which comprises a floating bed floating body used for providing buoyancy, a planting basket is arranged on the floating bed floating body downwards, filler used for water treatment is filled in the planting basket, plants are planted on the planting basket, electrodes are further arranged on the inner wall of the planting basket, so that an electric field is formed in the inner cavity of the planting basket, and a plurality of miniature electrodes are further distributed in the filler.
Therefore, a plurality of micro electric fields which are three-dimensionally distributed can be formed by the arranged micro electrodes, and the electrochemical treatment effect of the electric fields is greatly improved. The stability of the electrochemical treatment system is improved. The formed electrochemical treatment system can treat nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in the polluted urban landscape water body Cr And the persistent organic pollutants have stable and efficient in-situ removal effect. In the scheme, the planting basket is a basket body with pore structures at the periphery and the bottom, and the size of the planting basket can be properly changed according to the specific condition of the water body to which the floating bed is applied, so that the water body purification effect of the floating bed is guaranteed. Therefore, the surrounding water can be better contacted with plants, fillers and electrode plates in the floating bed, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the electrochemical system operates on the principle that when the electric field works, the anode can generate oxygen, so that Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in the water body is increased, the problem of low dissolved oxygen content of the polluted landscape water body is improved to a certain extent, the propagation of anaerobic or anoxic bacteria in the water body is reduced, the propagation of aerobic bacteria is facilitated, and odor gas such as hydrogen sulfide (H) generated when anaerobic bacteria propagate and metabolize in a large quantity is reduced 2 S), methane (CH) 4 ) And the like, further improving the water body environment. And part of Cl existing in the water body - In the electricityChlorine (Cl) is generated by oxidation of anode in the operation process of chemical system 2 ) Then directly reacts with water to generate hypochlorous acid (HClO) in situ, and the hypochlorous acid has strong oxidability, not only can directly oxidize organic matters in the water body to reduce COD, but also can directly oxidize ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in the water 4 + -N) oxidizing the formed gas out of the body of water. In addition to this, nitrate Nitrogen (NO) in water 3 - -N) can also be reduced in situ to N directly at the cathode 2 Further enhancing the decontamination performance of the system. At the same time, hydrogen (H) is generated from the cathode during electrolysis 2 ) Can greatly improve the abundance of the hydrogenphagophytes attached to the floating bed, and experiments show that the hydrogenphagophytes in the novel ecological floating bed are compared with the ecological floating bed without a coupled electrochemical systemHydrogenophaga) Become the dominant genus attached on the surface of the floating bed filler, plant root system and cathode electrode, and most of the bacteria in the hydrogenophiles have the denitrification capability of utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor, which further enhances the denitrification performance of the floating bed.
Thus, in the scheme, a plurality of micro electrodes are arranged in the filler to form a plurality of micro electric fields which are three-dimensionally distributed, each micro electrode brings the part into each position in the filler through electrochemical reaction which only occurs on the surface of the electrode (for example, oxygen can be generated on the surface of an anode, hypochlorous acid can be generated, hydrogen can be generated on a cathode, nitrate nitrogen can be reduced to generate nitrogen), and thus, the electrochemical reaction can play a strong addition role in hydration treatment of the filler, for example, oxygen generated on the surface of each anode can improve aerobic bacterial activity of the filler, the capability of redox reaction can be improved, hydrogen generated on each cathode can improve the activity of hydrogenophila, the denitrification capability can be improved, the nitrification and denitrification effects can be better compatible in the filler, and the overall water treatment effect of the filler is greatly improved.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the floating body of the floating bed is also provided with a solar cell panel, the solar cell panel is connected with a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected with an electrode. Therefore, solar energy can be fully utilized for power supply, and electric energy is saved. Although in other embodiments a wire connection to a shore power source may be used.
Further, the plant is an emergent aquatic plant.
Thus, the emergent aquatic plants, such as canna, pinwheel grass, iris, calamus, and the like, have certain ornamental value, have developed root systems, and can improve the water treatment effect. When the plants are selected, the following principle should be followed: 1. selecting a deep-rooted plant with a developed root system; 2. local dominant species are selected as much as possible; 3. has certain ornamental value and relatively low cost. Therefore, not only can more attachment sites be provided for microorganisms attached to the plant root system, but also the treatment effect of the floating bed in the deep water area can be ensured. And secondly, the floating bed has better ornamental value and economical efficiency, and is more favorable for popularization and application of the floating bed.
Furthermore, the floating body of the floating bed is made of a polystyrene (EPS) foam plate.
This provides sufficient buoyancy without environmental pollution.
Further, a layer of porous foam is coated on the surface of the floating body of the floating bed.
Therefore, the microorganism attachment points on the floating bed are increased, and the attractiveness of the floating bed is improved.
Furthermore, the area of the basket opening of the planting basket accounts for 70 percent of the area of the floating body of the whole floating bed.
Therefore, the planting basket is just large, the available planting area in each floating bed and the area of the solar panel are optimally matched, the plants planted in the floating beds can well independently complete the water body purification effect, and the electric energy stored by the photovoltaic panels can drive the electrochemical system to normally work.
Furthermore, the electrode comprises an anode which is circumferentially arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the planting basket to form a ring shape, and a cathode which is positioned at the inner bottom surface of the planting basket to form a circle shape.
Therefore, the electrochemical system can be better ensured to have the best coupling performance with the internal filling space of the planting basket when in operation, and the stability and the decontamination efficiency of the whole coupling system in operation are favorably improved; meanwhile, the influence of the electric field on the plants above the electric field can be reduced to the maximum extent.
Further, the electrodes are made of graphite materials. Has better stability.
Specifically, in the implementation, the anode is an annular electrode with the width of 3cm and the thickness of 1.5mm and is positioned 1cm below the top of the filler, and the cathode is a circular sheet electrode with the thickness of about 1.5mm and is placed at the bottom of the planting basket. The stability of the electrode can be better ensured. In the implementation process, when the electrochemical system runs, the current can be set to be 60-100mA according to different water quality conditions, and the electrolysis time per day is set to be 3-6 h. Thus, the growth of the plants can be promoted to a certain extent, and the fresh weight of different plants can be improved by about 10% at most after a certain period of time compared with the floating bed without electrolysis.
Furthermore, the filler has a porosity of more than 80% and a particle size of 3-6 mm.
Therefore, when water flows through the floating bed, the high osmotic flow speed is achieved, and the extremely abundant pore structures in the filler can better form good carriers of microorganisms, so that the decontamination capability of the system is greatly enhanced.
Furthermore, the filler comprises a lower layer filler and an upper layer filler, wherein the lower layer filler is a perlite filler, and the upper layer filler is a volcanic rock or zeolite filler.
Thus, several fillers are water treatment fillers with high porosity. Wherein the lower floor sets up that the pearlite packs texture is lighter, has not only alleviateed the whole weight that floats the bed, still makes to float bed and plants basket lower part and have better gas permeability, is favorable to the growth of plant and the reproduction of microorganism, has ensured the water purification ability who floats the bed more. The zeolite in the upper filler has stable structure and high internal porosity, has good adsorption capacity on various anions and cations in water, and the volcanic rock contains abundant microelements, has a natural honeycomb porous structure in the interior, and has uniform pore distribution and rough surface. Therefore, due to the abundant adsorption sites on the surfaces of the two fillers and the dense pore structures in the fillers, enough adsorption sites are provided for pollutants or microorganisms in the water body, and the water body purification efficiency of the floating bed is further improved.
Furthermore, the micro-electrode is composed of biomass charcoal particles which are distributed in the filler and loaded with metal components.
Therefore, the biomass charcoal particles have excellent adsorbability, have excellent conductivity after loading metal components, and can be beneficial to forming a micro electrode.
Particularly, the biomass charcoal particle filler benefits from good electric conductivity, after the biomass charcoal particle filler is rapidly polarized under the action of an electric field, two ends of the biomass charcoal particle filler show different electric potentials, so that small micro-electrodes are formed, and small electrolytic units are formed, so that pollutants such as ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in water bodies 4 + -N), nitro Nitrogen (NO) 3 - -N), various organic substances (COD) Cr Refractory organic pollutants, etc.), and the like, firstly, after the ammonia Nitrogen (NH) is adsorbed on the surface of the filler through the adsorption effect of the filler 4 + -N), various organic substances (COD) Cr Refractory organic pollutants, etc.) are oxidized at the anode end, nitrate Nitrogen (NO) 3 - -N), etc. can be reduced at the cathode end thereof, thereby greatly improving the contaminant removal efficiency of the floating bed. The micro electrodes are distributed in a three-dimensional space, so compared with a two-dimensional electrochemical system, under the driving of the three-dimensional electrochemical system, the micro electrodes benefit from the excellent conductivity of the modified biomass charcoal filler, the extracellular electron transfer efficiency of some electrochemically active microorganisms attached to the surface of the filler is improved, and the electrical stimulation can be more fully acted on the fillers and biological films on the surfaces of plant roots, so that bacteria in the biological films can be more fully and uniformly stimulated by the electricity, the growth and metabolism activity of the microorganisms is better improved, and the removal performance of the floating bed on pollutants is further enhanced. Therefore, the pollutants adsorbed on the surfaces of the filler and the electrode are degraded in situ by combining the filler and an electrochemical system, so that the service life of the filler is greatly prolonged, and the water body purification capacity of the floating bed is improved.
Further, the metal components loaded in the biomass charcoal particles are titanium and tin.
Therefore, a larger potential difference can be formed between titanium and tin, the generation of a micro electrode is facilitated, the electron transfer efficiency of the surface of the biomass charcoal can be accelerated, the electrochemical active surface area is improved, the surface charge load performance is enhanced, the surface of the micro electrode formed by biomass charcoal particles can have a higher Oxygen Evolution Potential (OEP), the electrochemical oxidation performance of the micro electrode is improved, and the micro electrode has stronger organic matter oxidation capacity.
Further, the adding proportion of the biomass carbon particles is 10-20% of the volume of the filler, and the biomass carbon particles and the filler are uniformly mixed to form the micro electrode.
The proportion can ensure that the formed three-dimensional micro electrode system can have the optimal electric coupling effect.
Further, the biomass charcoal particles have a particle size of 3-6 mm. The particle size of the filler is consistent with that of the other fillers, and the filler are conveniently and uniformly mixed.
Further, the biomass charcoal particles are prepared by the following method:
(1) Rolling plant straws into granular sawdust with required size by using a machine, then washing the sawdust by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the sawdust in an oven (with the temperature of about 60 ℃);
(2) Putting the dried sawdust into a urea solution (the mass ratio of urea to sawdust is 2-4;
(3) After the material is sufficiently dried, it is placed in a quartz boat and placed in a tube furnace under a protective atmosphere (usually N) 2 ) Slowly heating to 800-900 deg.C (usually at a rate of about 10 deg.C/min), calcining at the temperature (about 3 hr), carbonizing, and naturally cooling to room temperature by closing the tube furnace;
(4) Taking out the fired biomass charcoal, washing the biomass charcoal by using distilled water and alcohol, oscillating the biomass charcoal in an ultrasonic oscillator for a period of time (about 10 min), repeating the cleaning steps for three times to improve the porosity of the material, and then drying the biomass charcoal in an oven (about 105 ℃) for later use;
(5) Taking out the biomass charcoal dried in the step 4, preparing a load reaction solution, wherein the load reaction solution uses ethanol as a solvent, acetic acid as a stabilizing agent, and a certain amount of deionized water is added, butyl titanate and anhydrous stannic chloride are used as solutes, and the molar ratio of the two solutes is (8-10): (1-3); adding biomass charcoal into the load reaction solution, stirring at room temperature (at a rotation speed of 500r/min by using a magnetic stirrer) for 3-5h (optimally 4 h), and then performing suction filtration by using a vacuum pump; wherein the solution can be prepared according to the maximum concentration of the solute;
(6) Placing the material after suction filtration into an oven, drying (at 105 deg.C), placing into a quartz boat after the material is sufficiently dried, placing into a tube furnace, and placing in a N furnace 2 Is slowly raised (at a rate of 5 ℃/min) to 500-600 ℃ and calcined at this temperature for 1-3h (optimally 2 h), after which the tube furnace is closed and allowed to cool naturally.
In the steps, the pretreatment of soaking in urea solution, stirring, drying and the like is firstly adopted before the straw sawdust is carbonized, so that urea components can be fully soaked into the material, and the carbonization operation steps required by the parameters are matched, so that the urea components can generate functional groups such as graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen, pyrrole nitrogen and the like on the surface of the biomass charcoal based on nitrogen elements in the carbonization process, and cannot be washed away in the subsequent step 4 for repeatedly cleaning to improve the porosity; so as to facilitate the subsequent better completion of the loading of titanium and tin elements. In the step 5 and the step 6, the butyl titanate and the anhydrous stannic chloride are liquid at normal temperature, are used as solutes, and are well dissolved in an ethanol solvent by using acetic acid as a stabilizer to form a load reaction solution. The added deionized water (the added amount corresponds to the amount capable of completing the reaction) can be favorable for the anhydrous stannic chloride to firstly react with water to generate stannic hydroxide Sn (OH) 4 And then the subsequent thermal decomposition reaction is carried out to generate stannic oxide, wherein the reaction formula is Sn (OH) 4 = SnO 2 + 2H 2 And O. In addition, after the butyl titanate is stirred and immersed into the biomass charcoal in the solution, the titanium dioxide is generated by decomposition during subsequent heating,the reaction formula is Ti (OC) 4 H 9 ） 4 =TiO 2 +4C 4 H 8 +2H 2 And O. Therefore, in the stirring process, the liquid reactant is immersed into the pores of the biomass charcoal, the subsequent reheating pyrolysis reaction generates titanium dioxide and tin dioxide particles to complete the loading of the metal material, and the rest components in the pyrolysis reaction are volatilized. Therefore, the generated titanium dioxide and tin dioxide product components can be effectively immersed into the material, so that the biomass charcoal material has extremely strong charge loading performance and electrochemical performance, and is convenient to subsequently serve as a micro electrode to participate in electrochemical reaction. Therefore, the method can fully, reliably and efficiently complete the loading of the titanium and the tin.
Therefore, the biomass charcoal has a larger internal pore structure and just high internal expansion degree, and the oxide formed by the titanium and tin loaded on the surface of the biomass charcoal can be more uniformly distributed in the pore channel and the carbon layer in the biomass charcoal, so that the biomass charcoal does not have an overlarge particle size, but has a relatively larger specific surface area and better electrochemical catalytic activity. Moreover, the structure of titanium dioxide is more anatase type rather than rutile type, and the electrochemical catalytic performance of the biomass charcoal is further guaranteed.
Meanwhile, in the loading process, due to the benefit of proper temperature, on the basis of ensuring the content of anatase titanium dioxide, nitrogen can better replace oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the biomass charcoal and is loaded on the surface in the form of graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen, so that the adsorption performance of the biomass charcoal is enhanced, more titanium and tin can be loaded, and the electrochemical catalytic activity of the biomass charcoal is improved.
Therefore, the biomass charcoal particles prepared by the steps benefit from the doping of the titanium element, so that the biomass charcoal not only has better photocatalysis and electrocatalytic properties, but also has good conductivity, the doping of the tin element enables the biomass charcoal to produce tin dioxide during calcination, the potential difference between the tin dioxide and a titanium dioxide conduction band accelerates the electron transfer efficiency of the surface of the biomass charcoal, the electrochemical active surface area of the biomass charcoal is further improved, and the charge loading performance of the surface of the biomass charcoal is enhanced.
In addition, the prepared biomass charcoal material benefits from the doping of urea, compared with the traditional biomass charcoal, the prepared biomass charcoal has more graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen structures and defect sites on the surface, the adsorption performance and the conductivity of the biomass charcoal are enhanced, and more nitrogen-oxygen functional groups on the surface, so that under the blocking effect of the functional groups, titanium dioxide and tin dioxide can be more uniformly dispersed on the surface of the biomass charcoal, excessive agglomeration of metal oxides is avoided, and the electrochemical catalytic oxidation performance of the biomass charcoal is ensured.
Furthermore, the plant obtained after the floating bed is harvested regularly is used as a plant straw source for preparing the biomass charcoal particles.
Thus being beneficial to the reutilization of the harvested plants on the floating bed.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of better water body purification effect, better stability, less influence on water body organisms and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ecological floating bed device for landscape water body remediation treatment in a specific embodiment, and the filling material is not shown in the figure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the planting basket shown separately in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: a landscape water body restoration treatment method is characterized in that a plurality of micro electrodes are distributed in a filler to form a plurality of micro electric fields which are distributed in a three-dimensional manner to realize electrochemical treatment.
Therefore, the micro electrodes are redistributed in the filler, so that when the whole electric field acts, the micro electrodes play a role of a middle conduction bridge to form a plurality of micro electric fields, and a plurality of micro electrolytic cells are formed after the electric field is electrified, so that adsorbed pollutants are subjected to electrochemical reactions such as ionization decomposition and the like in the micro electrodes, the electrochemical treatment of the pollutants in the micro electrodes can be better realized, and the defect that the effect of the electric field is reduced after the filler blocks due to the fact that the filler occupies too large electric field space is avoided. Greatly improves the water treatment effect and the treatment stability.
Wherein, set up solar cell panel and provide electric power for applying the electric field on the floating bed.
Therefore, self-sufficiency can be achieved, extra power-on is not needed, and the applicability of the scheme is improved.
In implementation, the method is implemented by adopting the landscape water body restoration treatment ecological floating bed device shown in fig. 1-3, the landscape water body restoration treatment ecological floating bed device comprises a floating bed floating body 2 for providing buoyancy, a planting basket 5 is arranged downwards on the floating bed floating body 2, the planting basket 5 is filled with filler for water treatment, the filler comprises lower-layer filler 6 and upper-layer filler 7, plants 1 are planted on the planting basket, the inner wall of the planting basket is also provided with electrodes to enable the inner cavity of the planting basket to form an electric field, and a plurality of miniature electrodes are distributed in the filler.
Therefore, a plurality of micro electric fields which are three-dimensionally distributed can be formed by the arranged micro electrodes, and the electrochemical treatment effect of the electric fields is greatly improved. The stability of the electrochemical treatment system is improved. The formed electrochemical treatment system can treat nitrogen, phosphorus and COD in the polluted urban landscape water body Cr And the refractory organic pollutants have stable and efficient in-situ removal effect. In the scheme, the planting basket is a basket body with pore structures at the periphery and the bottom, and the size of the planting basket can be properly changed according to the specific condition of the water body applied to the floating bed so as to ensure the water body purification of the floating bedAnd (5) effect. Therefore, the surrounding water can be better contacted with plants, fillers and electrode plates in the floating bed, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the electrochemical system operates on the principle that when the electric field works, the anode can generate oxygen, so that Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in the water body is increased, the problem of low dissolved oxygen content of the polluted landscape water body is improved to a certain extent, the propagation of anaerobic or anoxic bacteria in the water body is reduced, the propagation of aerobic bacteria is facilitated, and odor gas such as hydrogen sulfide (H) generated when anaerobic bacteria propagate and metabolize in a large quantity is reduced 2 S), methane (CH) 4 ) And the like, further improving the water body environment. And part of Cl existing in the water body - Is oxidized by the anode to generate chlorine (Cl) in the operation process of the electrochemical system 2 ) Then directly reacts with water to generate hypochlorous acid (HClO) in situ, and the hypochlorous acid has strong oxidability, not only can directly oxidize organic matters in the water body to reduce COD, but also can directly oxidize ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in the water 4 + -N) oxidizing the formed gas out of the body of water. In addition to this, nitrate Nitrogen (NO) in water 3 - -N) can also be reduced in situ to N directly at the cathode 2 And the decontamination performance of the system is further enhanced. At the same time, hydrogen (H) is generated from the cathode during electrolysis 2 ) Can greatly improve the abundance of the hydrogenphagophytes attached to the floating bed, and experiments show that the hydrogenphagophytes in the novel ecological floating bed are compared with the ecological floating bed without a coupled electrochemical systemHydrogenophaga) Become the dominant genus attached on the surface of the floating bed filler, plant root system and cathode electrode, and most of the bacteria in the hydrogenophiles have the denitrification capability of utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor, which further enhances the denitrification performance of the floating bed.
Thus, in the scheme, a plurality of micro electrodes are arranged in the filler to form a plurality of micro electric fields which are three-dimensionally distributed, each micro electrode brings the part into each position in the filler through electrochemical reaction which only occurs on the surface of the electrode (for example, oxygen can be generated on the surface of an anode, hypochlorous acid can be generated, hydrogen can be generated on a cathode, nitrate nitrogen can be reduced to generate nitrogen), and thus, the electrochemical reaction can play a strong addition role in hydration treatment of the filler, for example, oxygen generated on the surface of each anode can improve aerobic bacterial activity of the filler, the capability of redox reaction can be improved, hydrogen generated on each cathode can improve the activity of hydrogenophila, the denitrification capability can be improved, the nitrification and denitrification effects can be better compatible in the filler, and the overall water treatment effect of the filler is greatly improved.
Wherein, the upper surface of the floating body of the floating bed is also provided with a solar cell panel 4, the solar cell panel 4 is connected with a storage battery (not shown in the figure), and the storage battery is connected with an electrode. Therefore, solar energy can be fully utilized for power supply, and electric energy is saved. Although in other embodiments a wire connection to a shore power source may be used.
Wherein the plant is emergent aquatic plant.
Thus, the emergent aquatic plants, such as canna, pinwheel grass, iris, calamus, and the like, have certain ornamental value, have developed root systems, and can improve the water treatment effect. When the plants are selected, the following principle should be followed: 1. selecting a deep-rooted plant with a developed root system; 2. local dominant species are selected as much as possible; 3. has certain ornamental value and relatively low cost. Therefore, not only can more attachment sites be provided for microorganisms attached to the plant root system, but also the treatment effect of the floating bed in the deep water area can be ensured. And secondly, the floating bed has better ornamental value and economical efficiency, and is more favorable for popularization and application of the floating bed.
Wherein, the floating body 2 is made of polystyrene foam board.
This provides sufficient buoyancy without environmental pollution.
Wherein, the surface of the floating bed floating body 2 is coated with a layer of porous foam 3.
Therefore, the microorganism attachment points on the floating bed are increased, and the attractiveness of the floating bed is improved.
Wherein, the area of the basket opening of the planting basket 5 accounts for 70 percent of the area of the floating body 2 of the whole floating bed.
Therefore, the planting basket is just large, the available planting area in each floating bed and the area of the solar panel are optimally matched, the plants planted in the floating beds can well independently complete the water body purification effect, and the electric energy stored by the photovoltaic panels can drive the electrochemical system to normally work.
The electrode comprises an anode 8 which is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the planting basket along the circumferential direction to form a ring shape, and a cathode 9 which is positioned at the inner bottom surface of the planting basket to form a circle shape.
Therefore, the electrochemical system can be better ensured to have the best coupling performance with the internal filling space of the planting basket when in operation, and the stability and the decontamination efficiency of the whole coupling system in operation can be favorably improved; meanwhile, the influence of the electric field on the plants above the electric field can be reduced to the maximum extent.
Wherein, the electrode is made of graphite material. Has better stability.
Specifically, in the implementation, the anode is an annular electrode with the width of 3cm and the thickness of 1.5mm and is positioned 1cm below the top of the filler, and the cathode is a circular sheet electrode with the thickness of about 1.5mm and is placed at the bottom of the planting basket. The stability of the electrode can be better ensured. In the implementation process, when the electrochemical system runs, the current can be set to be 60-100mA according to different water quality conditions, and the electrolysis time per day is set to be 3-6 h. Thus, the growth of the plants can be promoted to a certain extent, and the fresh weight of different plants can be improved by about 10% at most after a certain period of time compared with that of a floating bed without electrolysis.
Wherein, the filler adopts the filler with the porosity of more than 80 percent and the grain diameter of 3-6 mm.
Therefore, when water flows through the floating bed, the high osmotic flow speed is achieved, and the extremely abundant pore structures in the filler can better form good carriers of microorganisms, so that the decontamination capability of the system is greatly enhanced.
Wherein, the filler comprises a lower filler 6 and an upper filler 7, the lower filler 6 is perlite filler, and the upper filler 7 is volcanic rock or zeolite filler.
Thus, several fillers are water treatment fillers with high porosity. Wherein the lower floor sets up the pearlite filler texture and is lighter, has not only alleviateed the whole weight of floating the bed, still makes to float bed and plants basket lower part and has better gas permeability, is favorable to the growth of plant and the reproduction of microorganism, has ensured the water purification ability of floating the bed more. The zeolite in the upper filler has stable structure and high internal porosity, has better adsorption capacity to various anions and cations in a water body, and the volcanic rock contains rich trace elements, has a natural honeycomb porous structure in the interior, and has uniform pore distribution and rough surface. Therefore, due to the abundant adsorption sites on the surfaces of the two fillers and the dense pore structures in the fillers, enough adsorption sites are provided for pollutants or microorganisms in the water body, and the water body purification efficiency of the floating bed is further improved.
Wherein, the micro-electrode is composed of biomass charcoal particles which are distributed in the filler and loaded with metal components.
Therefore, the biomass charcoal particles have excellent adsorbability, have excellent conductivity after loading metal components, and can be beneficial to forming a micro electrode.
Particularly, the biomass charcoal particle filler benefits from good conductive performance, after the biomass charcoal particle filler is rapidly polarized under the action of an electric field, the two ends of the biomass charcoal particle filler show different potentials, so that small micro electrodes are formed, and small electrolytic units are formed, so that pollutants such as ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in a water body 4 + -N), nitro Nitrogen (NO) 3 - -N), various organic substances (COD) Cr Refractory organic pollutants, etc.), and the like, firstly, after the ammonia Nitrogen (NH) is adsorbed on the surface of the filler through the adsorption effect of the filler 4 + -N), various organic substances (COD) Cr Refractory organic pollutants, etc.) are oxidized at the anode end, nitrate Nitrogen (NO) 3 - -N), etc. can be reduced at the cathode end thereof, thereby greatly improving the contaminant removal efficiency of the floating bed. The micro electrodes are distributed in a three-dimensional space, so compared with a two-dimensional electrochemical system, the modified biomass carbon filler has the advantage of good conductivity under the driving of the three-dimensional electrochemical system, and extracellular electrons of some electrochemically active microorganisms attached to the surface of the filler are enabled to be generatedThe transfer efficiency is improved, and the electric stimulation can more fully act on the biological films on the surfaces of the filler and the plant root systems, so that bacteria in the biological films can be more fully and uniformly stimulated by the electricity, the growth metabolic activity of microorganisms is better improved, and the removal performance of the floating bed on pollutants is further enhanced. Therefore, the pollutants adsorbed on the surfaces of the filler and the electrode are degraded in situ by combining the filler and an electrochemical system, so that the service life of the filler is greatly prolonged, and the water body purification capacity of the floating bed is improved.
Wherein, the metal components loaded in the biomass charcoal particles are titanium and tin.
Therefore, a larger potential difference can be formed between titanium and tin, the generation of a micro electrode is facilitated, the electron transfer efficiency of the surface of the biomass charcoal can be accelerated, the electrochemical active surface area is improved, the surface charge load performance is enhanced, the surface of the micro electrode formed by biomass charcoal particles can have a higher Oxygen Evolution Potential (OEP), the electrochemical oxidation performance of the micro electrode is improved, and the micro electrode has stronger organic matter oxidation capacity.
Wherein the adding proportion of the biomass carbon particles is 10-20% of the volume of the filler, and the biomass carbon particles and the filler are uniformly mixed to form the micro-electrode.
The proportion can ensure that the formed three-dimensional micro electrode system can have the optimal electric coupling effect.
Wherein the biomass charcoal particles have a particle size of 3-6 mm. The particle size of the filler is consistent with that of the other fillers, and the filler are conveniently and uniformly mixed.
The biomass charcoal particles are prepared by the following method:
(1) Rolling plant straws into granular sawdust with required size by using a machine, then washing the sawdust by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the sawdust in an oven (with the temperature of about 60 ℃);
(2) Putting the dried sawdust into a urea solution (the mass ratio of urea to sawdust is 2-4;
(3) After the material is sufficiently dried, it is placed in a quartz boat and placed in a tube furnace under a protective atmosphere (usually N) 2 ) Slowly heating to 800-900 deg.C (usually at a rate of about 10 deg.C/min), calcining at the temperature (about 3 hr), carbonizing, and naturally cooling to room temperature by closing the tube furnace;
(4) Taking out the fired biomass charcoal, washing the biomass charcoal by using distilled water and alcohol, oscillating the biomass charcoal in an ultrasonic oscillator for a period of time (about 10 min), repeating the cleaning steps for three times to improve the porosity of the material, and then drying the biomass charcoal in an oven (about 105 ℃) for later use;
(5) Taking out the biomass charcoal dried in the step 4, preparing a load reaction solution, wherein the load reaction solution uses ethanol as a solvent, acetic acid as a stabilizing agent, and a certain amount of deionized water is added, butyl titanate and anhydrous stannic chloride are used as solutes, and the molar ratio of the two solutes is (8-10): (1-3); adding biomass charcoal into the load reaction solution, stirring at room temperature (at a rotation speed of 500r/min by using a magnetic stirrer) for 3-5h (optimally 4 h), and then performing suction filtration by using a vacuum pump; wherein the solution can be prepared according to the maximum concentration of the solute;
(6) Placing the material after suction filtration into an oven, drying (at 105 deg.C), placing into a quartz boat after the material is sufficiently dried, placing into a tube furnace, and placing in a N furnace 2 Is slowly raised (at a rate of 5 ℃/min) to 500-600 ℃ and calcined at this temperature for 1-3h (optimally 2 h), after which the tube furnace is closed and allowed to cool naturally.
In the above steps, pretreatment such as soaking in urea solution and stirring and drying is performed before straw sawdust carbonization, so that urea components can be fully immersed into the material, and the carbonization operation steps required by the above parameters are matched, so that the urea components generate functional groups such as graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen, pyrrole nitrogen and the like on the surface of the biomass charcoal based on nitrogen elements in the carbonization process, and are repeatedly cleaned in the subsequent step 4 to improve the porosityCan not be washed away; so as to facilitate the subsequent better completion of the loading of titanium and tin elements. In the step 5 and the step 6, the butyl titanate and the anhydrous stannic chloride are liquid at normal temperature, are used as solutes, and are well dissolved in an ethanol solvent by using acetic acid as a stabilizer to form a load reaction solution. The added deionized water (the added amount corresponds to the amount capable of completing the reaction) can be favorable for the anhydrous stannic chloride to firstly react with water to generate stannic hydroxide Sn (OH) 4 And then the subsequent thermal hydrolysis reaction is carried out to generate stannic oxide, wherein the reaction formula is Sn (OH) 4 = SnO 2 + 2H 2 And O. In addition, the butyl titanate is stirred in the solution and is soaked in the biomass carbon, and then is decomposed to generate titanium dioxide during subsequent heating, wherein the reaction formula is Ti (OC) 4 H 9 ） 4 =TiO 2 +4C 4 H 8 +2H 2 And O. Therefore, in the stirring process, the liquid reactant is immersed into the pores of the biomass charcoal, the subsequent reheating pyrolysis reaction generates titanium dioxide and tin dioxide particles to complete the loading of the metal material, and the rest components in the pyrolysis reaction are volatilized. Therefore, the generated titanium dioxide and tin dioxide product components can be effectively immersed into the material, so that the biomass charcoal material has extremely strong charge loading performance and electrochemical performance, and is convenient to subsequently serve as a micro electrode to participate in electrochemical reaction. Therefore, the method can fully, reliably and efficiently complete the loading of the titanium and the tin.
Therefore, the biomass charcoal has a larger internal pore structure and just high internal expansion degree, and the oxide formed by the titanium and tin loaded on the surface of the biomass charcoal can be more uniformly distributed in the pore channel and the carbon layer in the biomass charcoal, so that the biomass charcoal does not have an overlarge particle size, but has a relatively larger specific surface area and better electrochemical catalytic activity. In addition, the structure of titanium dioxide is more anatase type rather than rutile type, and the electrochemical catalytic performance of the biomass carbon is further ensured.
Meanwhile, in the loading process, due to the benefit of proper temperature, on the basis of ensuring the content of anatase titanium dioxide, nitrogen can better replace oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the biomass charcoal and is loaded on the surface in the form of graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen, so that the adsorption performance of the biomass charcoal is enhanced, more titanium and tin can be loaded, and the electrochemical catalytic activity of the biomass charcoal is improved.
Therefore, the biomass charcoal particles prepared by the steps benefit from the doping of the titanium element, so that the biomass charcoal not only has better photocatalysis and electrocatalytic properties, but also has good conductivity, the doping of the tin element enables the biomass charcoal to produce tin dioxide during calcination, the potential difference between the tin dioxide and a titanium dioxide conduction band accelerates the electron transfer efficiency of the surface of the biomass charcoal, the electrochemical active surface area of the biomass charcoal is further improved, and the charge loading performance of the surface of the biomass charcoal is enhanced.
In addition, the prepared biomass charcoal material benefits from the doping of urea, compared with the traditional biomass charcoal, the prepared biomass charcoal has more graphite nitrogen, pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen structures and defect sites on the surface, the adsorption performance and the conductivity of the biomass charcoal are enhanced, and more nitrogen-oxygen functional groups on the surface, so that under the blocking effect of the functional groups, titanium dioxide and tin dioxide can be more uniformly dispersed on the surface of the biomass charcoal, excessive agglomeration of metal oxides is avoided, and the electrochemical catalytic oxidation performance of the biomass charcoal is ensured.
Wherein, the plant obtained after the floating bed is harvested regularly is used as the plant straw source for preparing the biomass charcoal particles.
Thus being beneficial to the reutilization of the harvested plants on the floating bed.

Claims (8)

1. A landscape water body restoration treatment method adopts plants planted on a floating bed, plant roots are rooted in a filler in the floating bed to form adsorption treatment on water body pollutants, and an electric field effect is applied in the filler to form a coupling electrochemical system to realize combined restoration treatment on the water body, and is characterized in that a plurality of micro electrodes are distributed in the filler to form a plurality of micro electric fields in three-dimensional distribution to realize electrochemical treatment;
the method is realized by adopting a landscape water body restoration treatment ecological floating bed device, the landscape water body restoration treatment ecological floating bed device comprises a floating bed floating body for providing buoyancy, a planting basket is arranged on the floating bed floating body downwards, filler for water treatment is filled in the planting basket, plants are planted on the planting basket, electrodes are further arranged on the inner wall of the planting basket, so that an electric field is formed in the inner cavity of the planting basket, and a plurality of micro electrodes are further distributed in the filler; during electrochemical treatment, the anode of the micro electrode generates oxygen, and simultaneously, partial chloride ions existing in the water body are oxidized to generate chlorine; the micro electrode is composed of biomass charcoal particles which are distributed in the filler and loaded with metal components; the metal components loaded in the biomass carbon particles are titanium and tin;
the biomass charcoal particles are prepared by the following method:
(1) Rolling the plant straws into granular sawdust with required size by using a machine, and then washing the sawdust by using absolute ethyl alcohol and drying the sawdust;
(2) Putting the dried sawdust into a urea solution, uniformly stirring for 4-6h at room temperature, performing suction filtration, and drying in an oven for 3-4h for later use;
(3) After the materials are fully dried, the materials are put into a tubular furnace to be slowly heated to 800-900 ℃ under the protective atmosphere, and are calcined at the temperature to finish carbonization, and then the tubular furnace is closed to be naturally cooled to the room temperature;
(4) Taking out the fired biomass charcoal, washing the fired biomass charcoal by using distilled water and alcohol, oscillating the biomass charcoal in an ultrasonic oscillator for a period of time, repeating the cleaning steps for three times to improve the porosity of the material, and then drying the material in an oven for later use;
(5) Taking out the biomass charcoal dried in the step (4), preparing a load reaction solution, wherein the load reaction solution uses ethanol as a solvent, acetic acid as a stabilizing agent, and a certain amount of deionized water is added, butyl titanate and anhydrous tin tetrachloride are used as solutes, and the molar ratio of the two solutes is (8-10): (1-3); adding biomass charcoal into the load reaction solution, stirring at room temperature for 3-5h, and performing suction filtration by using a vacuum pump;
(6) Drying the material in a drying oven, drying completely, placing in a quartz boat, and placing in a tube furnace in N 2 Is slowly heated to 500-600 ℃, and is calcined at the temperature for 1-3h, and then the tube furnace is closed and is naturally cooled.
2. The landscape water restoration treatment method according to claim 1, wherein a solar cell panel is provided on the floating bed and supplies power for applying the electric field.
3. The landscape water restoration treatment method according to claim 1, wherein a solar cell panel is further provided on the upper surface of the floating body of the floating bed, the solar cell panel is connected with a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected with an electrode.
4. The method for repairing and treating landscape water according to claim 1, wherein the plants are emergent aquatic plants including but not limited to canna indica, pinwheel grass, iris and calamus.
5. The landscape water restoration treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the floating bed floating body is made of polystyrene foam board;
the surface of the floating body of the floating bed is coated with a layer of porous foam;
the area of the basket opening of the planting basket accounts for 70 percent of the area of the floating body of the whole floating bed.
6. The landscape water body remediation treatment method of claim 1, wherein the electrodes comprise anodes circumferentially arranged at the upper ends of the inner walls of the planting baskets to form a ring, and cathodes positioned at the inner bottom surfaces of the planting baskets to form a circle;
the electrodes are made of graphite materials.
7. The landscape water restoration treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the filler is a filler having a porosity of more than 80% and a particle size of 3-6 mm;
the filler comprises a lower layer filler and an upper layer filler, wherein the lower layer filler is perlite filler, and the upper layer filler is volcanic rock or zeolite filler.
8. The landscape water body remediation treatment method of claim 1, wherein the biomass charcoal particles are added in a proportion of 10% -20% of the filler volume, and are uniformly mixed with the filler to form a micro electrode;
the biomass carbon particles have the particle size of 3-6 mm.
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CN112174329A (en) * 2020-09-15 2021-01-05 同济大学 Micro-electrolysis enhanced ecological floating bed coupling photocatalysis surface water ecological restoration device
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