CN110713262A - Lake and bay pollution repair device capable of being transplanted and applied in modular mode and application thereof - Google Patents

Lake and bay pollution repair device capable of being transplanted and applied in modular mode and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110713262A
CN110713262A CN201911118980.4A CN201911118980A CN110713262A CN 110713262 A CN110713262 A CN 110713262A CN 201911118980 A CN201911118980 A CN 201911118980A CN 110713262 A CN110713262 A CN 110713262A
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shell
lake
pollution
modular
bay
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晏再生
江和龙
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Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS
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Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/005Combined electrochemical biological processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lake and gulf pollution restoration device capable of being transplanted and applied in a modularized mode, which comprises a plurality of restoration modules comprising cathodes and an aquatic plant root control system, wherein the aquatic plant root control system comprises a shell, an anode, a root control plate and a matrix, the cathodes float on an overlying water body, the shell is in a cylindrical shape with an upper opening and a lower opening, the matrix, the root control plate and the anode are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom, aquatic plants are fixedly planted in the matrix, air holes are formed in the shell, and the root control plate is a reticular plate matched with the inner diameter of the shell. The plant root system can go deep into the polluted sediment under the action of the root control plate, and simultaneously, the active carbon with the conductive property in the matrix is flexibly dispersed into the polluted sediment, so that the conductive property in the sediment is enhanced, and the system bioelectric current repair performance is improved. Under the action of the root control plate, independent and organic monomers with strong repairing performance are formed, and the monomers form a conductive network in the sediment in a parallel connection mode, so that the bioelectric current repairing performance of the lake and the gulf combined pollution is enhanced.

Description

Lake and bay pollution repair device capable of being transplanted and applied in modular mode and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a biological-ecological integrated device and method for strengthening restoration of composite lake-bay pollution, in particular to a device and method for strengthening restoration of composite lake-bay pollution by bioelectric current, which can be transplanted and applied in a modularized manner.
Background
At present, the composite pollution in the water body sediment is mainly controlled by adopting dredging, in-situ covering and enhanced bioremediation modes. The dredging has quick effect, but has high cost and secondary pollution problems of subsequent off-site disposal of polluted bottom mud and the like. In-situ covering refers to putting inert or active materials to cover the surface of the polluted bottom sediment, so that pollution can be controlled quickly, but the risk that bottom sediment pollutants are released to a water body along with the change of environmental conditions exists. While the cost of adopting electron receptors such as iron oxide, nitrate and the like to strengthen bioremediation is low, the addition of inorganic salt can bring negative influence on a water ecosystem. At present, the technology and process for strengthening and repairing pollutants in water by utilizing bioelectric current mainly comprise the following steps: microbial electrochemical processes and plant-microbial fuel cell coupled processes. The plant-microbial fuel cell coupling process has wide application prospect as a novel and efficient pollutant in-situ bioremediation technology and process. However, the existing plant-microbial fuel cell coupling process has the following disadvantages in situ applications: (1) for a microbial electrochemical process or a coupling process with a double-chamber structure, an expensive proton exchange membrane is required to be adopted as a diaphragm, and the method has no practical value and large-scale field application; (2) reports on the air cathode single-chamber microbial electrochemical process or the biological cathode microbial electrochemical process, which are combined with the plant repair technology, are relatively lacked; however, the ecological floating bed has the defects of limited restoration effect, single plant type and incapability of effectively biologically restoring deep polluted bottom sediment when being coupled with the ecological floating bed; (3) the existing process structure has the defects of poor portability, difficulty in large-scale application in the field of the lake and the gulf and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a plant-microbial fuel cell device which can be transplanted, massively and modularly applied and a method for strengthening and repairing the composite pollution of the lake and the gulf by utilizing bioelectric current.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is specifically realized by the following technical scheme:
a lake and bay pollution repair device which can be transplanted and applied in a modularized way comprises a plurality of repair modules,
the remediation module comprises a cathode and an aquatic plant root control system at least partially disposed in the sediment,
aquatic plant accuse root system includes shell, positive pole, accuse root board and matrix, the negative pole with through outer circuit connection between the positive pole, the negative pole floats in overlying water, the shell is upper and lower open-ended tube-shape, from top to bottom do in proper order in the shell the matrix accuse root board with the positive pole, aquatic plant field planting in the matrix, be provided with the gas pocket on the shell, accuse root board is the cooperation the reticular lamina of shell internal diameter, set up in the deposit below the accuse root board.
Further, the housing is cylindrical, and the diameter of the housing is preferably 30 cm.
Further, the surface of the housing has concave portions and convex portions, the concave portions and the convex portions are arranged at intervals in a corrugated shape, the air holes are formed at the top ends of the convex portions, and the number of the air holes is preferably 190. The structure is beneficial to the root increasing and controlling functions of the aquatic plant root system and the large-scale transplantation.
Further, the anode is a carbon felt or a graphite felt, the thickness is preferably 2 ~ 3mm, and the height is preferably 8 cm.
Further, the anode surrounds the bottom of the aquatic plant root control system.
Further, the cathode is a carbon felt or a graphite felt, the thickness is preferably 2 ~ 3mm, the length is preferably 86cm, and the width is preferably 8 cm.
Further, the cathode floats on the water surface by using a floating rod.
Further, the aquatic plant is a submerged plant or an emergent aquatic plant.
Further, the submerged plant is foxtail algae or tape grass, and the emergent aquatic plant is calamus or reed.
Furthermore, the reticular blank space of the root control plate is a square with the length of 1 cm.
Further, the substrate is conductive coconut shell activated carbon.
Furthermore, the conductivity of the coconut shell activated carbon is 50 ~ 100W/cm.
Further, the thickness of the matrix in each of the plant root control systems was 3 ~ 5 cm.
Further, the laying amount of the substrate in each plant root control system is 1.5 ~ 3.5.5 kg/m2Namely, 1.5 ~ 3.5.5 kg of matrix is paved on each square meter of the root control plate according to the area of the root control plate.
Further, the repair modules are connected in parallel.
The invention also provides application of the lake-bay pollution remediation device adopting the transplantable and modular application in remediation of lake-bay composite pollution.
According to the lake-bay pollution restoration device capable of being transplanted and applied in a modular mode, the roots of aquatic plants can penetrate into polluted sediments under the action of the root control plate, and meanwhile, the aquatic plants are carried with substrates with conductive characteristics and are flexibly dispersed into the polluted sediments to form a carbon-based complex, so that the conductive characteristics inside the sediments are enhanced, and the bioelectric current restoration performance of a system is improved. The distance between the anode and the plant root system can be effectively coordinated by the root control plate in the system, and the plant root system is prevented from being directly contacted with the anode, so that the influence of oxygen secretion of the aquatic plant root system on the performance of the anaerobic decomposition organic matter in the anode area is reduced. After the pollutants in the lake bay are effectively removed, the method can be quickly transplanted and modularly applied to other polluted areas.
The compound pollution in the lake-bay surface sediments can be efficiently repaired by the bioelectric current formed by the anode of the aquatic plant root control system; for the compound pollution in the deep sediments in the lake bay, the roots of the aquatic plants can be effectively planted in the deep polluted bottom mud through the aquatic plant root control system, and the pollutants can be enriched, extracted and purified by the roots of the aquatic plants to improve the performance removal of the pollutants. Meanwhile, under the action of the root exudates of the aquatic plants, the biological effectiveness of the pollutants in the sediment can be improved, and the bioelectric current restoration performance of the pollutants is enhanced. The carbon-based complex not only can efficiently lock the composite pollutants in the water body, but also has the growth promoting effect on the growth of the root system of the aquatic plant.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme's positive effect: the invention adopts an aquatic plant root control system to integrate three technologies of sediment microbial fuel cell technology, aquatic plant restoration technology and active carbon covering. The use of the root control plate in the system effectively couples the sediment microbial fuel cell technology and the aquatic plant restoration technology, so that the root system of the aquatic plant can be effectively coupled with the anode of the microbial fuel cell, and the influence of oxygen secretion of the root system of the aquatic plant on the performance of anaerobic decomposition of organic matters in an anode area is reduced. The composite pollutant is efficiently locked by peat of the carbon-based complex in the system, and is decomposed and converted by microorganisms in the sediment at the anode, and meanwhile, the root system of the aquatic plant extends into the deep sediment under the action of the root control plate to enrich, extract and purify the pollutant buried in the deep sediment. The developed plant root system formed in the system can also promote the diffusion of the active carbon with the conductive performance in the sediment, so that the conductive performance in the sediment is enhanced, and the system bioelectric current repairing effect is greatly improved. The integrated technology system forms an independent and organic restoration module monomer with strong restoration performance under the tight staggered winding of the aquatic plant root system, and the monomer carries out modular assembly on the anode and the cathode in a parallel connection mode to form a device for strengthening restoration of the composite pollution of the lake and the gulf, which can be transplanted and applied in large scale.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a repair module according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the repair module of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the lake bay pollution remediation device which is portable and modular in application.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a repair module according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the root control system for aquatic plants according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the effect of the modular application repair of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows the integrated system performance for removing pollutants from the lake bay under different process conditions.
FIG. 8 is a graph of microbial community structure characteristics of different niches of plants within the system.
In the figure, 1 is a cathode, 2 is a housing, 3 is an anode, 4 is a root control plate, 5 is a substrate, 6 is an aquatic plant, 7 is a resistor, 8 is a cathode lead, and 9 is an anode lead.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining specific drawings and embodiments.
Example 1
Sediment samples of large harbors (31 ° 4 'N, 120 ° 24' E) in eastern mountains, su, which were in perennial oil spill (engine oil, diesel, etc.) contamination were selected and field remediation tests were conducted on these sediments with high levels of combined contamination and higher ecological risks (fig. 6).
The lake and bay pollution repair device that transplantable and modularization of adoption was used includes 300 sets of restoration modules, the restoration module includes negative pole and at least part sets up the aquatic plant accuse root system in the deposit, aquatic plant accuse root system includes shell, positive pole, accuse root board and matrix, the negative pole with through outer circuit connection between the positive pole, the negative pole floats in overlying water, the shell is upper and lower open-ended tube-shape, from top to bottom do in proper order in the shell the matrix accuse root board with the positive pole, aquatic plant field planting in the matrix, be provided with the gas pocket on the shell, accuse root board is the cooperation the reticular lamina of shell internal diameter, set up in the deposit below the accuse root board.
The shell is cylindrical, and the diameter of the shell is 30 cm.
The surface of the shell is provided with concave parts and convex parts, the concave parts and the convex parts are arranged at intervals and are corrugated, the top ends of the convex parts are provided with the air holes, and the number of the air holes is 190. The structure is beneficial to the root increasing and controlling functions of the aquatic plant root system and the large-scale transplantation.
The anode is a carbon felt or a graphite felt, the thickness of the anode is 2 ~ 3mm, and the height of the anode is 8 cm.
The anode surrounds the bottom of the aquatic plant root control system.
The cathode is a carbon felt or a graphite felt, the thickness of the cathode is 2 ~ 3mm, the length of the cathode is 86cm, and the width of the cathode is 8 cm.
The cathode floats on the water surface by using a floating rod.
The aquatic plant is alophium vulgare, tape grass, reed, calamus and glue grass.
The reticular blank space of the root control plate is a square with the length of 1 cm.
The substrate is conductive coconut shell activated carbon.
The conductivity of the coconut shell activated carbon is 50 ~ 100W/cm.
The thickness of the substrate in each of the plant root control systems was 3 ~ 5 cm.
The laying amount of the matrix in each plant root control system is 1.5 ~ 3.5.5 kg/m2Namely, 1.5 ~ 3.5.5 kg of matrix is paved on each square meter of the root control plate according to the area of the root control plate.
The repair modules are connected in parallel.
Transplanting the selected aquatic plant seedlings (figure 4), planting the seedlings in a substrate in an aquatic plant root control system (figure 1), wherein the aquatic plant roots can penetrate into the polluted sediments under the action of a root control device, and along with the downward penetration of the plant roots (figure 5), the aquatic plant roots can simultaneously carry the substrate with the conductive property to be flexibly dispersed into the polluted sediments, so that the conductive property in the sediments is enhanced, and the restoration performance of the bioelectric current of an integrated system is improved.
Furthermore, the repair module single bodies (fig. 4) are assembled in a modularized manner (fig. 3), the anodes 3 of the single bodies are connected in parallel by using the anode wires 9, the cathodes 1 of the single bodies are also connected in parallel by using the cathode wires 8, and the 100-ohm external resistors 7 are connected in series between the anodes and the cathodes. The modular integrated system package was installed in the bay site (fig. 6). Test results show that the removal rate of the system to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the sediment under different process conditions is 62% -90%, wherein the removal rate to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the sediment under the mode of the combined system 2 can reach about 90% (fig. 7). FIG. 7 shows combination System 1, combination System 2, and combination System 3 as processing groups according to embodiment 1 of the present invention; the combined systems 4, 5 and 6 are control groups of the conventional plant-microbial fuel cell (no root control plate is adopted, and aquatic plants are directly planted in the anode region), and the removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments is about 60.8%, which is significantly lower than the treatment effect of the combined systems 1, 2 and 3.
In addition, the structural characteristics of microbial communities in different ecological niches of plants in the system are further analyzed by adopting a molecular biology means, and the complex interaction of the microorganisms with electrochemical activity, rhizosphere microorganisms of aquatic plants and microorganisms in roots is found to accelerate the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments (figure 8).

Claims (10)

1. A lake bay pollution remediation device which can be transplanted and modularly applied is characterized by comprising a plurality of remediation modules,
the remediation module comprises a cathode and an aquatic plant root control system at least partially disposed in the sediment,
aquatic plant accuse root system includes shell, positive pole, accuse root board and matrix, the negative pole with through outer circuit connection between the positive pole, the negative pole floats in overlying water, the shell is upper and lower open-ended tube-shape, from top to bottom do in proper order in the shell the matrix accuse root board with the positive pole, aquatic plant field planting in the matrix, be provided with the gas pocket on the shell, accuse root board is the cooperation the reticular lamina of shell internal diameter, set up in the deposit below the accuse root board.
2. The lake bay pollution remediation device portable and modular for use as claimed in claim 1, wherein the enclosure is cylindrical.
3. The lake bay pollution remediation device portable and modular for use as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface of said enclosure has concavities and convexities, said concavities and convexities being arranged in a corrugated pattern, the tips of said convexities being provided with said air holes.
4. The lake bay pollution remediation device portable and modular for use according to claim 1, wherein the anode or the cathode is a carbon felt or a graphite felt.
5. The portable and modular lake bay pollution remediation device of claim 1, wherein the anode surrounds the bottom of the aquatic plant root control system.
6. The lake bay pollution remediation device of claim 1, wherein the aquatic plant is a submerged plant or an emergent plant.
7. The lake bay pollution repair device portable and modular in application of claim 1, wherein the substrate is electrically conductive coconut shell activated carbon.
8. A lake bay pollution repair device which is portable and modular in application according to claim 7, wherein the amount of substrate laid in each plant root control system is 1.5 ~ 3.5.5 kg/m2
9. The lake bay pollution remediation device portable and modular for use according to claim 1, wherein the remediation modules are connected in parallel.
10. Use of the lake bay pollution remediation device using portable and modular applications according to any one of claims 1-9 to remediate complex lake bay pollution.
CN201911118980.4A 2019-11-15 2019-11-15 Lake and bay pollution repair device capable of being transplanted and applied in modular mode and application thereof Pending CN110713262A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113480013A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-08 南开大学 Aquatic plant-microorganism electrochemical remediation system and application thereof, and method for treating organic polluted water body
CN115925125A (en) * 2022-01-24 2023-04-07 重庆交通大学 Ecological floating bed device for landscape water body restoration treatment

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100657868B1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2006-12-15 건국대학교 산학협력단 Biofuel cell using photosynthetic microorganisms and sediment sludge
CN106865900A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-06-20 中国农业大学 A kind of biogas slurry treatment system and method
CN108262353A (en) * 2018-03-31 2018-07-10 天津大学 A kind of plant biological electrochemical in-situ restorative procedure by plant driving mass transfer
CN211170072U (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-08-04 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Lake bay pollution repair device capable of being transplanted and applied in modularization mode

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100657868B1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2006-12-15 건국대학교 산학협력단 Biofuel cell using photosynthetic microorganisms and sediment sludge
CN106865900A (en) * 2017-03-15 2017-06-20 中国农业大学 A kind of biogas slurry treatment system and method
CN108262353A (en) * 2018-03-31 2018-07-10 天津大学 A kind of plant biological electrochemical in-situ restorative procedure by plant driving mass transfer
CN211170072U (en) * 2019-11-15 2020-08-04 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Lake bay pollution repair device capable of being transplanted and applied in modularization mode

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113480013A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-08 南开大学 Aquatic plant-microorganism electrochemical remediation system and application thereof, and method for treating organic polluted water body
CN115925125A (en) * 2022-01-24 2023-04-07 重庆交通大学 Ecological floating bed device for landscape water body restoration treatment

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