CN210328493U

CN210328493U - Layered fertilizing device and seeder

Info

Publication number: CN210328493U
Application number: CN201920725146.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 位国建; 荐世春; 崔荣江; 彭强吉; 方会敏
Original assignee: Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
Current assignee: Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences
Priority date: 2019-05-16
Filing date: 2019-05-16
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a layered fertilizing device and a seeder, which comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilizing furrower, wherein the fertilizer distributor is connected with the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the bottom of the fertilizer distributor is connected with the fertilizing furrower through a fertilizer guide pipe; the fertilizer distributor comprises a first spiral conveyor and a second spiral conveyor which are connected into a whole and concentrically arranged, and the spiral pitches of the two spiral conveyors are different and the spiral directions are opposite; the fertilizing furrower comprises a deep fertilizing assembly and a shallow fertilizing assembly which are arranged in a front-back split mode, and the deep fertilizing assembly and the shallow fertilizing assembly are arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at intervals; the deep fertilizing assembly comprises a deep fertilizing part, the deep fertilizing part is communicated with the deep fertilizing pipe, a diversion screening part is arranged in the deep fertilizing part, and the diversion screening part can divide the fertilizer to be uniformly applied and discharged; the shallow fertilization component comprises a shallow fertilizer discharging component, and the shallow fertilizer discharging component is communicated with a shallow fertilization pipe.

Description

Layered fertilizing device and seeder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a layered fertilizing device and a seeding machine.

Background

When crops such as corn and wheat are sown, synchronous deep fertilization is often needed, and layered fertilization is beneficial to nutrient supply and is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of fertilizers, so that the demand is continuously improved in agricultural production.

At present, an upper fertilizer applying assembly and a lower fertilizer applying assembly are fixed on the same vertical rod by the existing layered fertilizer applicator, and the upper fertilizer applying assembly and the lower fertilizer applying assembly have no gap in the horizontal spatial position, so that the distance between the upper fertilizer applying opening and the lower fertilizer applying opening is too close, soil cannot flow back in time after ditching and fertilizing, and an upper layer fertilizer can enter a deep layer along with the flowing back soil, so that the fertilizer is not layered obviously in the soil; secondly, the fertilizer flows in from the same fertilizer distributor outlet, and the proportion of the upper and lower layers of fertilizer is not strictly distinguished, but in actual production, the nutrient requirements of the upper and lower layers of fertilizer are different, which can lead to fertilizer waste and influence the fertilization quality.

The problems are urgently needed to be solved by a mechanical layered fertilization technology, and are directly related to the development and application prospects of agricultural machinery with layered fertilization.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a layered fertilizing apparatus; the fertilizer applying device can realize layered application of the fertilizer, the upper layer of the fertilizer and the lower layer of the fertilizer are derived by the fertilizer distributor in proportion, layered fertilization is realized, the problem of inaccurate fertilizer layering in the mechanical layered fertilization process is solved, and the fertilizer discharging operation quality and effect are improved.

The first purpose of this disclosure is to provide a layered fertilization device, in order to realize above-mentioned purpose, this disclosure adopts following technical scheme:

a layered fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilization opener, wherein the fertilizer distributor is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the bottom of the fertilizer distributor is connected with the fertilization opener through a fertilizer guide pipe;

the fertilizer distributor comprises a first spiral conveyor and a second spiral conveyor which are connected into a whole and concentrically arranged, and the spiral pitches of the two spiral conveyors are different and the spiral directions are opposite;

the fertilizing furrower comprises a deep fertilizing assembly and a shallow fertilizing assembly which are arranged in a front-back split mode, and the deep fertilizing assembly and the shallow fertilizing assembly are arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at intervals;

the deep fertilizing assembly comprises a deep fertilizing part, the deep fertilizing part is communicated with the deep fertilizing pipe, a diversion screening part is arranged in the deep fertilizing part, and the diversion screening part can divide the fertilizer to be uniformly applied and discharged;

the shallow fertilization component comprises a shallow fertilizer discharging component, and the shallow fertilizer discharging component is communicated with a shallow fertilization pipe.

The working principle of the layered fertilization device is as follows:

the spiral directions of the two spiral conveyors in the fertilizer distributor are opposite, and the fertilizer can be conveyed to two directions simultaneously, namely, the fertilizer can be conveyed to the deep fertilizing assembly and the shallow fertilizing assembly simultaneously; because the spiral pitches of the two spiral conveyors are different, the adjustment of the fertilizer feeding proportion of the deep fertilizer application component and the shallow fertilizer application component can be realized by adjusting the spiral pitches of the two spiral conveyors, and the accurate layered fertilizer application according to the proportion is realized.

The deep fertilization component and the shallow fertilization component are respectively arranged in front and at the back, and set distances are arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at intervals, so that the shallow fertilization component can not immediately discharge fertilizers after the deep fertilization component discharges the fertilizers, and soil can timely flow back to cover deep fertilizers;

the diversion screening component can uniformly conduct fertilizer flow and arrange, thereby avoiding fertilizer concentration and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

As a further technical scheme, the diversion screening part comprises a screen plate, a plurality of first screening components for preferential fertilizer to pass through are arranged in the middle of the screen plate, and a second screening component for uniform carding of the fertilizer passing through the first screening components is arranged at the lower part of the screen plate.

As a further technical scheme, the top end of the sieve plate is connected to the bottom end of the deep fertilizing pipe, and the sieve plate is arranged in an inclined mode.

Preferably, the included angle between the screen plate surface and the pipeline of the deep fertilizing pipe is more than 135 degrees.

As a further technical scheme, the first sieving components are through holes, and a plurality of first sieving components are uniformly distributed on two sides of the second sieving component.

As a further technical solution, the second sieve member includes a plurality of inverted V-shaped openings extending from a middle portion of the sieve plate to a bottom portion of the sieve plate.

As a further preferable technical scheme, the horizontal space distance between the deep fertilizing tube and the shallow fertilizing tube is more than 100 mm.

As a further technical scheme, the deep fertilization component and the shallow fertilization component are connected through a main beam, and the position of the connection of the shallow fertilization component and the main beam is adjustable up and down.

As a further technical scheme, the front ends of the deep fertilizing assembly and the shallow fertilizing assembly are respectively provided with a ditching component.

As a further technical scheme, the deep fertilizer discharging component and the shallow fertilizer discharging component are both of inverted U-shaped shell structures.

As a further technical scheme, the fertilizer distributor also comprises a fertilizer distribution shell, the first and second screw conveyors are arranged in the fertilizer distribution shell, fertilizer outlets are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of the fertilizer distribution shell, one fertilizer outlet is communicated with the deep fertilizer application pipe, and the other fertilizer outlet is communicated with the shallow fertilizer application pipe.

As a further technical scheme, the fertilizer preparation shell is of a box body structure with an opening at the upper part, and the cross sectional area of the box body structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

As a further technical scheme, the top of the box body structure is connected with the fertilizer box, and the connecting end of the box body structure and the fertilizer box is arc-shaped.

A second object of the present disclosure proposes a seeding machine comprising a layered fertilization device as described above.

The beneficial effect of this disclosure does:

1) according to the layered fertilization device, fertilizers are led out from the two outlets in proportion through the fertilizer distributor respectively, and the led fertilizers are conveyed to the deep fertilization component and the shallow fertilization component respectively, so that the fertilizers for the deep fertilization component and the shallow fertilization component conform to a set proportion; in actual production, conveyors with different proportions are configured according to nutrient requirements of upper and lower layers of fertilizers of crops, the quality of the upper and lower layers of fertilizers is strictly distinguished, and the layering accuracy of the fertilizers in the mechanical layering fertilization process is ensured.

2) The deep fertilization subassembly and the shallow fertilization subassembly of this disclosure are divided to be put from beginning to end, and the two has obvious fore-and-aft spatial relationship, and the shallow fertilization subassembly can not arrange fertile immediately after the deep fertilization subassembly is arranged fertile, and soil can in time flow back and cover fertilizer after the deep fertilization subassembly is arranged fertile like this, and the shallow fertilization subassembly is ditched again and is executed shallow fertilizer, has ensured the spatial position relation of two-layer fertilizer.

3) Set up the water conservancy diversion in the fertile subassembly of this disclosure and divide the sieve part, fertilizer divides the sieve part to execute row via the water conservancy diversion, and comparably evenly falls into in the slot that the subassembly of fertilizeing deeply opened, improves fertilization effect, and avoids fertilizer to concentrate and cause the seedling of burning.

4) Set up the water conservancy diversion in the fertile subassembly of this disclosure and divide sieve part, can effectively avoid earth to block up the furrow opener when the machines whereabouts furrow opener buries, greatly reduced because of the fertilizer broken string risk that the furrow opener blockked up and leads to.

5) The layered fertilization device can realize layered fertilization of fertilizers, and the layered fertilization furrow opener shallow fertilization component is adjustable up and down, so that the fertilization depth of an upper layer of fertilizer and a lower layer of fertilizer is guaranteed, the problem of inaccurate fertilizer layering in the mechanical layered fertilization process is solved, and the fertilizer row fertilization operation quality and effect are improved.

6) According to the layered fertilizing device, the upper layer of fertilizer and the lower layer of fertilizer are applied to the given positions according to the discharge amount of the fertilizer discharger during application, and the fertilizing amount is guaranteed. The layered fertilization method is simple and feasible, the operation performance of the fertilization device meets the agricultural technical requirements, and the device has wide prospect in popularization and use in the food main production area in China and great social benefit.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a layered fertilization device disclosed in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the fertilizer distributor;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the fertilizer distributor;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of two augers;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the two screw conveyors;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the fertilizer furrow opener;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a deep fertilizer discharging component;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the diversion screen assembly;

in the figure, a fertilizer box 1, a fertilizer distributor 2, a fertilizer distributor 21, a first screw conveyor 22, a second screw conveyor 23, a fertilizer outlet I24, a fertilizer outlet II 25, a fertilizer outlet groove 26, a protrusion 27, a fertilizer guide pipe 3, a fertilizer guide pipe 4, a fertilizer opener 5, a deep fertilizer application component 51, a main beam 511, a deep fertilizer discharge component 512, a furrow opener 513, a deep fertilizer application pipe 514, a sleeve 515, a diversion screening component 516, a screening plate 5161, a first screening component 5162, a second screening component 5163, a housing 517, a shallow fertilizer application component 52, a shallow fertilizer application pipe 521, a shallow fertilizer discharge component 522 and a 6U-shaped bolt.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;

for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this disclosure, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate description of the disclosure and simplify description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the disclosure.

Just as the introduction of background art, the distance of current layering fertilizer applicator top and bottom fertilization mouth is too near, and soil can not get in time backward flow after the ditching fertilization, and upper fertilizer can be along with the backward flow soil gets into the deep layer, leads to fertilizer not obvious in the layering in soil, and upper and lower two-layer fertilizer proportion too random, influences fertilization quality, for solving above technical problem, this application has proposed a layering fertilizer injection unit.

The application provides a layered fertilization device, which comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilization opener, wherein the fertilizer distributor is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the bottom of the fertilizer distributor is connected with the fertilization opener through a fertilizer guide pipe;

Example 1

The layered fertilization device disclosed in the embodiment is further described with reference to fig. 1 to 8;

in the present embodiment, "front" and "rear" are defined in terms of the furrow opener advancing direction, and the direction same as the furrow opener advancing direction is "front" and the direction opposite to the furrow opener advancing direction is "rear".

Referring to the attached figure 1, the layered fertilization device comprises a fertilizer box 1, a fertilizer distributor 2, a deep fertilizer guide pipe 3, a shallow fertilizer guide pipe 4 and a fertilization furrow opener 5, wherein the fertilizer distributor 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box 1, the bottom of the fertilizer distributor 2 is connected with the fertilization furrow opener 5 through the fertilizer guide pipe, and the fertilization furrow opener 5 is fixed on a seeder frame through a U-shaped bolt 6 when in use;

as shown in fig. 2-5, the fertilizer distributor 2 comprises a fertilizer distributing shell 21, a first screw conveyor 22, a second screw conveyor 23, a fertilizer outlet i 24, a fertilizer outlet ii 25, a groove 26 and a protrusion 27;

the first screw conveyor 22 and the second screw conveyor 23 are connected into a whole and are concentrically arranged, specifically, the first screw conveyor 22 and the second screw conveyor 23 are connected and arranged inside the fertilizer preparation shell 21 through a groove 26 and a protrusion 27, and the fertilizer outlet I24 and the fertilizer outlet II 25 are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer preparation shell 21 side by side. As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the two fertilizer outlets are respectively connected with the upper ends of the deep fertilizer guiding pipe 3 and the shallow fertilizer guiding pipe 4, the lower end of the deep fertilizer guiding pipe 3 is connected with the deep fertilizer applying pipe 514 of the deep fertilizer applying assembly 51, the lower end of the shallow fertilizer guiding pipe 4 is connected with the shallow fertilizer applying pipe 521 of the shallow fertilizer applying assembly 52, and the shallow fertilizer applying assembly 52 is adjustable up and down according to the layering distance.

The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 1 flows into the fertilizer distributor 2 and is proportionally guided into the deep fertilizer guiding pipe 3 and the shallow fertilizer guiding pipe 4 by the first screw conveyor 22 and the second screw conveyor 23, and the deep fertilizer guiding pipe 3 and the shallow fertilizer guiding pipe 4 discharge the fertilizer into the soil through the deep fertilizing assembly 51 and the shallow fertilizing assembly 52 of the fertilizing furrower 5.

As shown in fig. 4, the first screw conveyor 22 and the second screw conveyor 23 are symmetrically arranged, have the same diameter, have different screw pitches, and have opposite screw directions, so as to realize proportional output of fertilizer in two paths. The first screw conveyor 22 and the second screw conveyor 23 are connected and fixed by a slot, and are driven to rotate by a motor. The first screw conveyor 22 and the second screw conveyor 23 guide out the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 1 and respectively convey the fertilizer to two ends, and after the fertilizer is conveyed to the fertilizer outlet positions at the two ends, the fertilizer freely falls into the fertilizer guide pipe.

In this embodiment, the two screw conveyors are screw conveyors.

As shown in fig. 3, preferably, the fertilizer preparation housing 21 is a trapezoidal box structure with an opening at the upper part, the upper part is wide, the lower part is narrow, and the cross-sectional area of the box structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom. The box body structure opening is arranged at the top of the trapezoid structure and connected with the fertilizer box, and the connecting end face is arc-shaped.

Referring to fig. 6, the fertilizing furrower comprises a deep fertilizing assembly 51 and a shallow fertilizing assembly 52;

the deep fertilizing tube 514 of the deep fertilizing assembly 51 is connected with the fertilizer outlet II 25 through the deep fertilizer guiding tube 3, the shallow fertilizing tube 521 of the shallow fertilizing assembly 52 is connected with the fertilizer outlet I24 through the shallow fertilizer guiding tube 4, and fertilizers are proportionally distributed for the deep fertilizing assembly 51 and the shallow fertilizing assembly 52 by the fertilizer distributor 2.

The shallow fertilizing assembly 52 is positioned right behind the deep fertilizing assembly 51 and is adjustable up and down. The shallow fertilization component 52 re-ditches the soil of a shallower layer after the deep fertilization component 51 fertilizes, and the distance between two layers of fertilizers after layered fertilization is guaranteed. The shallow fertilizing assembly 52 is higher than the deep fertilizing assembly 51.

The deep fertilization component 51 and the shallow fertilization component 52 are arranged in a front-back separated mode, the deep fertilization component 51 and the shallow fertilization component 52 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the deep fertilization component and the shallow fertilization component have obvious front-back spatial relation, and therefore the shallow fertilization component cannot immediately discharge fertilizers after the deep fertilization component discharges the fertilizers, soil can timely flow back to cover the fertilizers after the deep fertilization component discharges the fertilizers, the shallow fertilization component re-opens the furrows to apply the shallow fertilizers, and the problem of inaccurate fertilizer layering in the mechanical layered fertilization process is solved;

further preferably, the horizontal space distance between the deep fertilizing tube 514 and the shallow fertilizing tube 521 is more than 100 mm.

The deep fertilizing component 51 and the shallow fertilizing component 52 are connected through the main beam 511, and the position of the connection of the shallow fertilizing component 52 and the main beam 511 can be adjusted up and down.

As shown in fig. 6, the deep fertilizing assembly 51 comprises a ditching knife 513, a deep fertilizing tube 514 and a deep fertilizing component 512, wherein a vertical rod is arranged at the top of the deep fertilizing component 512 and connected with a main beam 511, and the main beam 511, the vertical rod and the deep fertilizing component 512 are integrated;

the ditching cutter 513 is welded at the front ends of the vertical rod and the deep fertilizer discharging component 512, the ditching cutter 513 is beneficial to the deep fertilizer application component 52 to enter soil better, and the inclined surface can reduce the resistance of the deep fertilizer application component to move forwards in the soil. After the fertilizer flows to the deep fertilizer discharging part 512, the fertilizer is uniformly discharged into the grooves which are already opened by the ditching knife 513 through the structure of the internal diversion screening part 516. The deep fertilizer discharging component 512 is welded below the vertical rod, the deep fertilizer application pipe 514 is fixed behind the vertical rod through the main beam 511 positioning hole II and the deep fertilizer discharging component 512 positioning hole I, and the diameter of the deep fertilizer application pipe 514 is not larger than the width of the vertical rod, so that the deep fertilizer application pipe 514 is free from soil resistance.

The deep fertilizer discharging part 512 is communicated with the deep fertilizer applying pipe 514, a diversion screening part 516 is arranged in the deep fertilizer discharging part 512, and the diversion screening part 516 can divide the fertilizer to be evenly applied and discharged;

as shown in fig. 7, the deep fertilizer discharging component 512 is an inverted U-shaped housing structure, a casing 517 of the deep fertilizer discharging component is vertically and fixedly provided with a diversion screening component 516, the diversion screening component 516 can be welded and fixed inside the casing 517, the upper end of the diversion screening component 516 is connected to the lower end of the deep fertilizer applying pipe 514, and the lower end of the diversion screening component 516 is flush with the tail end of the casing 517.

Furthermore, the connection form between the diversion screen assembly 516 and the casing 517 may be a detachable connection, such as a bolt connection, a threaded connection, or a snap connection, or a non-detachable connection, such as a welding connection, which may be selected according to actual needs.

As shown in fig. 8, the diversion screen part 516 includes a screen plate 5161, the middle of the screen plate is provided with a plurality of first screen members 5162 for fertilizer to preferentially pass through, and the lower of the screen plate is provided with second screen members 5163 for uniformly carding the fertilizer passing through the first screen members.

The top end of the sieve plate 5161 is connected to the bottom end of the deep fertilizer application pipe 514, the top end of the sieve plate 5161 is connected to the front side of the opening of the deep fertilizer application pipe 514, and the sieve plate 5161 is arranged in a backward inclining mode.

Further preferably, the included angle between the plate surface of the sieve plate 5161 and the pipeline of the deep fertilizing pipe 514 is more than 135 degrees.

The first screening member 5162 is a through hole, and a plurality of first screening members 5162 are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second screening member 5163. In this embodiment, the number of the first screening member 5162 is 6, and the two sides of the second screening member 5163 are respectively provided with 3 through holes, and the diameter of each through hole is larger than 5 mm. The first sieve component in upper portion is provided with and does benefit to the preferential passing through of fertilizer, avoids fertilizer all to concentrate on the furrow opener bottom, has increased fertilizer trafficability characteristic.

The second screening member 5163 includes a plurality of inverted V-shaped openings extending from the middle of the screening deck 5161 to the bottom of the screening deck 5161. In this embodiment, the number of the second screen dividing members 5163 is 3, and the tops of the inverted V-shaped openings are compactly arranged toward the center line of the screen plate. The second screening component at the lower part is arranged to be beneficial to uniformly carding the fertilizer which preferentially falls through the first screening component, so that the fertilizer is prevented from being concentrated, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved.

Through the arrangement of the diversion screening part, when the fertilizer passes through the screen plate, the fertilizer can uniformly fall into the grooves formed in the deep fertilizing assembly, the fertilizing effect is improved, and the phenomenon that the seedlings burn due to the concentrated fertilizer is avoided; when the machine tool falling opener enters the soil, the opener can be effectively prevented from being blocked by the instantaneous falling of the soil, and the risk of fertilizer breaking caused by the blockage of the opener is greatly reduced.

As shown in FIG. 6, the front end of the shallow fertilizing assembly 52 is also provided with a ditching component, which can be a ditching knife or the like.

The shallow fertilization component 52 comprises a shallow fertilization pipe 521 and a shallow fertilizer discharging component 522, wherein the shallow fertilization pipe 521 and the shallow fertilizer discharging component 522 are welded and fixed and are vertically arranged.

The shallow fertilizer discharging component 522 is an inverted U-shaped shell structure, and the top of the inverted U-shaped shell structure is communicated with a shallow fertilizer application pipe.

As shown in FIG. 6, the shallow fertilizer application assembly 52 is fixedly connected with the main beam 511 through a sleeve 515, the sleeve 515 is welded at the end of the main beam 511, a shallow fertilizer application pipe 521 passes through the sleeve 515 and is fixed on the main beam 511 through a fastening bolt, and the shallow fertilizer application part 522 is ensured above the deep fertilizer application part 512. When the position of the shallow fertilization component is adjusted, the fastening bolt is screwed, the shallow fertilization component is moved up and down, the position is adjusted to a proper position, and the fastening bolt is screwed down to fix the shallow fertilization component; the position of the shallow fertilizer application component can be adjusted up and down according to the requirement so as to meet the requirement of the shallow fertilizer application and drainage depth. Since the deep fertilization assembly 51 is located in front of the shallow fertilization assembly 52 and has already previously scribed through the soil once, the shallow fertilization assembly 52 receives less resistance from the soil and facilitates the discharge of the fertilizer.

The specific use method of the layered fertilization furrow opener disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:

firstly, the proportion of the deep layer fertilizer and the shallow layer fertilizer is well made according to the nutrient supply condition required by plant production, and a proper screw feeder is selected for pairing and is installed inside the fertilizer preparation shell 21 of the fertilizer distributor 2, so that the assembly of the fertilizer distributor 2 is completed. Through the working mode, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 1 can be correctly distributed to the deep fertilizing assembly 51 and the shallow fertilizing assembly 52 in proportion, and then is applied to soil, so that the fertilizing utilization rate is improved.

Further, according to the physiological growth requirements of plants, the fertilizing depths of the two layers of fertilizers are fixed, a reasonable ground height value and a reasonable height difference of the two layers of fertilizers are measured, and the deep fertilizing assembly 51 and the shallow fertilizing assembly 52 of the fertilizing furrower 5 are adjusted to complete the configuration of the fertilizing furrower 5. Through the above working modes, the fertilizing depth of the two layers of fertilizers can be ensured, and the fertilizing effect is improved.

Further, the upper end of the fertilizer distributor 2 is connected with the fertilizer box 1 through an arc opening, the lower end of the fertilizer distributor 2 is connected with the deep fertilizer guide pipe and the shallow fertilizer guide pipe respectively through two fertilizer outlets, fertilizer is conveyed to the deep fertilizer guide pipe and the shallow fertilizer guide pipe respectively according to the proportion through the auger of the fertilizer distributor 2, the fertilizer is guided out of the fertilizer box and distributed, and the proportion of the deep fertilizer layer and the shallow fertilizer layer is strictly controlled from the source. And the screw conveyor has a forced-discharging function, so that the fertilizer is effectively prevented from blocking the fertilizer discharger.

Further, the lower ends of the deep fertilizer guiding pipe 3 and the shallow fertilizer guiding pipe 4 are respectively connected with a deep fertilizing component 51 and a shallow fertilizing component 52 which are arranged. The fertilizer is conveyed to the deep fertilizer application pipe 514 and then is uniformly applied to the bottom of the groove opened by the ditching cutter 513 through the diversion screening part 516, and the soil reflows to cover the deep fertilizer along with the advance of the machine tool, so that the deep fertilizer application is completed. The shallow fertilizer discharging component 522 and the deep fertilizer discharging component 512 are arranged at a transverse distance in space, so that the soil has backflow time and space after deep fertilizer is buried. The shallow fertilizer assembly 52 reopens the returned soil again to apply the fertilizer in the shallow fertilizer pipe 4 to the shallow layer through the shallow fertilizer discharging component 522.

This disclosed layering fertilizer injection unit can be derived by two exports ratio respectively with fertilizer in the fertile case 1 through joining in marriage fertile ware 2, in actual production, according to two-layer fertilizer nutrient demand about the crop, disposes the screw feeder of different proportions, strictly distinguishes upper and lower layer fertilizer quality. The fertilizing mode can improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and protect the ecology.

According to the layered fertilization device, the deep fertilization component 51 and the shallow fertilization component 52 have an obvious front-back spatial relationship, soil can timely flow back to cover fertilizers after the deep fertilization component 51 is fertilized, the shallow fertilization component 52 performs ditching and shallow fertilizer application again, the spatial position relationship of two layers of fertilizers is guaranteed, and the fertilization effect is improved.

The layered fertilization device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the layered fertilization method is simple and feasible, the operation performance of the fertilization device meets the agricultural technical requirements, the device has wide prospects in popularization and application in the food main production area in China, and great social benefits are realized.

The fertilizer applicator is mainly applied to seeding mechanical equipment, and mainly has the main effects of completing layered fertilization in a seeding process and fertilizing sowed soil so as to ensure that seeds of crops can absorb enough nutrients at different periods.

In addition, the fertilizing device of the disclosure can also be applied to various fertilizing agricultural machines.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A layered fertilization device is characterized by comprising a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilization furrow opener, wherein the fertilizer distributor is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the bottom of the fertilizer distributor is connected with the fertilization furrow opener through a fertilizer guide pipe;

2. The layered fertilization device of claim 1, wherein the diversion screening part comprises a screen plate, a plurality of first screening components for fertilizer to preferentially pass through are arranged in the middle of the screen plate, and a second screening component for uniformly combing the fertilizer passing through the first screening components is arranged at the lower part of the screen plate.

3. The layered fertilization apparatus of claim 2, wherein the top end of the sieve plate is connected to the bottom end of the deep fertilization tube, and the sieve plate is disposed in an inclined manner; the included angle between the surface of the sieve plate and the pipeline of the deep fertilizing pipe is more than 135 degrees.

4. The layered fertilization apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first sifting member is a through hole, and a plurality of the first sifting members are evenly distributed on both sides of the second sifting member.

5. The layered fertilization apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second screen member comprises a plurality of inverted V-shaped openings extending from a middle portion of the screen deck to a bottom portion of the screen deck.

6. The layered fertilization apparatus of claim 1, wherein the horizontal spatial distance between the deep fertilization tube and the shallow fertilization tube is greater than 100 mm; the deep fertilization component and the shallow fertilization component are connected through a main beam, and the position of the connection of the shallow fertilization component and the main beam is adjustable up and down; the front ends of the deep fertilization component and the shallow fertilization component are provided with ditching components; the deep fertilizer discharging component and the shallow fertilizer discharging component are both of inverted U-shaped shell structures.

7. The layered fertilization apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fertilizer applicator further comprises a fertilizer application housing, the first and second screw conveyors are disposed inside the fertilizer application housing, and fertilizer outlets are provided at both ends of a bottom of the fertilizer application housing, one fertilizer outlet being communicated with the deep fertilization tube and the other fertilizer outlet being communicated with the shallow fertilization tube.

8. The layered fertilization apparatus of claim 7, wherein the fertilizer preparation housing is a box structure with an upper opening, and the cross-sectional area of the box structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom.

9. The layered fertilization device of claim 8, wherein the top of the box structure is connected to the fertilizer box, and the connecting end of the box structure to the fertilizer box is curved.

10. A seeding machine comprising a layered fertilization apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.