CN210327465U - Automatic light-following charging control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic follow light charging control device, the on-line screen storage device comprises a base, the welding of the centre of base has first branch, the welding of the top of first branch has first mounting panel, install first steering wheel on the first mounting panel, the first swinging boom of first steering wheel is connected with the second mounting panel, install the second steering wheel on the second mounting panel, the second swinging boom of second steering wheel is connected with the third branch, the other end fixed mounting of third branch has solar cell panel, solar cell panel's four sides are equipped with photosensitive sensor; the utility model is provided with four groups of photosensitive sensors on the solar cell panel, calculates the illumination intensity through the control chip, and then controls the first steering engine and the second steering engine to steer, so that the solar cell panel is aligned to the light source; and can in time gather the information that charges and have accomplished through the current module, feed back to the user, can show important parameter on the display screen simultaneously.

Description

Automatic light-following charging control device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a solar photovoltaic power generation technical field specifically is an automatic follow light charge control device.

Background

The available energy on earth is limited, and in order to have the energy to be used continuously and consider protecting the ecological environment, the development and the utilization of the pollution-free solar energy are necessary; there are 3 types of solar chargers on the market today. In the first type, a lighting device is arranged on a solar charger, an LED illuminating lamp is arranged in the solar charger, and the solar charger is only used for illuminating the LED and is very power-saving. The second type is that the solar charger has a charging function and has no other functions, and can only be used as a professional external power supply. The third charger supports power source gear shifting, and only supports 5V and 9V gear shifting at present.

At present, the solar charger in the market has single function, long charging time and poor effect, and has hidden danger; the reasons that the conversion efficiency and the charging efficiency of a solar charger in the market are low, the charging time is long, the effect is poor, the conversion rate is low and the like are that the solar panel cannot move when being used for illumination power generation, so that the solar panel can only be fixed in one direction when the sun moves, the maximum irradiation angle of sunlight cannot be received, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low; the existing solar power generation equipment does not display necessary parameters, so that the charging condition is inconvenient to observe and clarify; thus, there is a need for an automatic light-following charging control device.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an automatic follow light charge control device has the automatic rotatory solar cell panel of looking for, shows various important parameters and in time feeds back to advantages such as user for solve the problem of proposing among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: an automatic light-following charging control device comprises a base, wherein a first supporting rod is welded in the middle of the base, a display is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the first supporting rod, a first mounting plate is welded at the top of the first supporting rod, a first steering engine is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the first mounting plate, a first rotating arm is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first steering engine, a second mounting plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the first rotating arm through a bolt, a second steering engine is fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate, a second rotating arm is fixedly arranged at the output end of the second steering engine, a third supporting rod is fixedly connected at the top end of the second rotating arm, the other end of the third supporting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame, a solar cell panel is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the frame, and photosensitive sensors are fixedly arranged at the center positions of four sides of the frame.

Preferably, the base is welded with a second supporting rod, and the top end of the second supporting rod is fixedly connected with the first supporting rod.

Preferably, a control box is arranged behind the display, a circuit board is arranged in the control box, and a single chip microcomputer is arranged on the circuit board.

Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the first steering engine, the second steering engine, the display and the photosensitive sensor respectively, and the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the A/D converter and the current sensor.

Preferably, one end of the first mounting plate is provided with a second shaft rod, and one end of the second mounting plate is provided with a first shaft rod.

Preferably, the top ends of the first shaft lever and the second shaft lever are movably connected with a supporting plate through a bearing.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the utility model discloses be equipped with four groups of photosensitive sensors on solar cell panel, receive illumination intensity through photosensitive sensor, then judge through control chip's calculation, determine which side illumination intensity is strong, then control first steering wheel and second steering wheel and realize turning to for solar cell panel can just to the light source; the information that the charging of the battery pack is finished can be timely acquired through the current module and fed back to a user, and meanwhile, some required important parameters can be displayed on a display screen; the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and reasonable design, can be at utmost improve the efficiency of illumination electricity generation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the solar cell panel of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the illumination detection of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a wiring diagram of the photosensitive sensor of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a pin diagram of the control chip of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a first support bar; 3. a second support bar; 4. a display; 5. a first mounting plate; 6. a first steering engine; 7. a first rotating arm; 8. a second mounting plate; 9. a second steering engine; 10. a second rotating arm; 11. a third support bar; 12. a frame; 13. a photosensitive sensor; 14. a support plate; 15. a first shaft lever; 16. a second shaft lever; 17. a solar cell panel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements; it should be further understood that terms such as "first," "second," "third," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "inner," "outer," "end," "portion," "section," "width," "thickness," "zone," and the like, may be used solely for convenience in reference to the figures and to aid in describing the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic light-following charging control device comprises a base 1, wherein a first supporting rod 2 is welded in the middle of the base 1, a display 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first supporting rod 2, and the display 4 at the position can display important parameters; the top of the first support rod 2 is welded with a first mounting plate 5, the first support rod 2 at the position can support the whole device, and the first mounting plate 5 can be fixedly provided with a first steering engine 6; a first steering engine 6 is fixedly mounted at the upper part of the first mounting plate 5, a first rotating arm 7 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first steering engine 6, a second mounting plate 8 is fixedly mounted at the top of the first rotating arm 7 through a bolt, and the first steering engine 6 at the position can control the second mounting plate 8 to rotate through the first rotating arm 7; a second steering engine 9 is fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate 8, a second rotating arm 10 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the second steering engine 9, a third supporting rod 11 is fixedly connected to the top end of the second rotating arm 10, the other end of the third supporting rod 11 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame 12, the second steering engine 9 is mounted on the second mounting plate 8 at the position, and the second steering engine 9 can drive the frame 12 to rotate through the second rotating arm 10; fixed mounting has solar cell panel 17 in the middle of the upper surface of frame 12, and the four sides central point of frame 12 puts all fixed photosensor 13 that is equipped with, and the solar cell panel 17 of this department can realize that light energy changes the electric energy into, and photosensor 13 can detect illumination intensity.

Specifically, the welding has second branch 3 on the base 1, and the top of second branch 3 all with the fixed connection of first branch 2, and first branch 2 can be supported to second branch 3 of this department, prevents the inhomogeneous fracture of first branch 2 atress.

Specifically, be equipped with the control box behind display 4, and be equipped with the circuit board in the control box, and be equipped with the singlechip on the circuit board, the singlechip respectively with first steering wheel 6, second steering wheel 9, display 4 and photosensitive sensor 13 electric connection, electric connection has AD converter and current sensor on the singlechip, is equipped with all circuit structure in the control box of this department to the singlechip can control system's operation, and current sensor can detect charging current.

Specifically, one end of the first mounting plate 5 is provided with a second shaft rod 16, one end of the second mounting plate 8 is provided with a first shaft rod 15, the top ends of the first shaft rod 15 and the second shaft rod 16 are movably connected with a support plate 14 through a bearing, and the support plate 14 at the position is connected through the first shaft rod 15 and the second shaft rod 16, so that the support plate 14 can support and fix the second mounting plate 8.

As shown in figure 3, this device has used four groups of light sensor, and light sensor detects as illumination, places it in 4 corners of solar surface, and light sensor is very sensitive to the response of light, carries out illumination detection, gathers the illumination intensity of solar energy in real time, and then control steering wheel rotation, can control solar panel's activity when the steering wheel rotates for solar panel rotates the position of shining when the sun illumination is the strongest. When the charging of the solar charger is finished, the information that the charging of the solar charger is finished can be timely acquired through the current module and displayed on the OLED display screen. The current sensor is installed on the charging loop, and detected signals are sent to the single chip microcomputer for processing after being subjected to AD conversion. The device is provided with a USB interface and can be connected to equipment needing power supply through a USB data line.

Electrical equipment signal principle: compared with a 51-series single chip microcomputer, the STC15F2K60S2 has the performance of the 51-series single chip microcomputer and has better performance and driving capability. The current single chip microcomputer is provided with a flash program memory, and the flash memory is provided, so that the convenience is brought to the program writing or code erasing by programming compared with the prior art. The chip supports both on-chip and on-line modification, which is convenient for many. The single chip microcomputer is small in size, easy to develop and high in confidentiality; the clock circuit assembly includes a glass oscillator and two ceramic capacitors. Specifically, the output and input of the amplifier are PINTXD and PINRXD, respectively. For the circuitry of the external clock, it can be seen that PINRXD and PINTXD are connected to the GEO oscillator, respectively. Generally, the oscillator signal is a square signal with a frequency of about 12 mhz, which is not particularly required. The reset circuit includes two distinct components, an electrolytic capacitor and a resistor. The reset can be realized by manual reset and automatic reset. The power-on reset button is used for manually resetting after collecting two high-end signals; if the system detects a change in the high level, a power-on reset can be implemented by having a series of changes.

The photosensitive sensor 13 is an integrated module, the output quantity is directly digital quantity, the device is sensitive, and the detected data range is 0-655536. Illumination has taken place a little change, and the data that detect will send obvious change, and this is favorable to the collection of later stage information and the processing of singlechip to reach the pivoted purpose of more accurate control steering wheel.

The display 4 is an OLED display screen which is small in size and can display numbers and Chinese characters, and the content displayed on the whole screen can be divided into a plurality of lines.

The OLED is provided with 7 pins which are GND, VCC, D0, D1, RES, DC and DS respectively, are connected with the singlechip, and are respectively connected to a port P1.0, a port P1.2, a port P1.3, a port P1.4 and a port P1.5 of the singlechip.

TABLE 1OLED Pin function

Name (R)	Use of
		GND	Power ground
VCC	Power supply positive (3 to 5.5V)
		D0	D0 pin of OLED, clock pin in SPI and IIC communication
D1	D1 pin of OLED, data pin in SPI and IIC communication
		RES	RES # pin of OLED for reset (Low level reset)
DC	D/C # E pin of OLED, data and command control pin
		CS	CS # pin of OLED, namely chip select pin

A steering engine, also known as a servo, is a driver that can rotate a certain angle. Mainly in the occasion that the angle change is required to be controllable. At present, the composite material is widely applied to aeromodelling, vehicle modelling and ship modelling, such as airplanes, submarines, tank models and the like. Meanwhile, some small industrial robots use steering engines as motion machines. In the aspect of aerospace military industry, the steering engine is also widely applied. In the aspect of spaceflight, the pitching, yawing and rolling motion conversion of the flight attitude of the rocket is completed by mutually matching a plurality of steering engines. The steering engine has 3 connecting wires which are VCC (red), GND (brown) and a signal wire (yellow) respectively.

To control the steering engine, a PWM signal control is required. PWM is pulse width modulation. Not only by adjusting the duty ratio of the output signal (generally 50 Hz), the chip in the steering engine can control the steering engine to rotate by a corresponding angle.

The specific duty ratio and angle correspondence is shown in table 2, and the angles are in smooth transition with the duty ratio.

TABLE 2 Duty ratio and angle correspondence of steering engines

Duty cycle (50Hz lower)	Steering engine rotating angle (0-180 degree)
		0.025	0°
0.05	45°
		0.075	90°
0.1	135°
		0.125	180°
0.125	180°
		0.125	180°

The frequency of the signal generated by the Pulse Width Model (PWM) is determined by the TIMX-UGA record; the spatial-spatial relationship of the signals is determined by inserting "110" (pulse width once) or 111 (pulse width once) at 0xm points in the TIMX-UCCRX records. If the PW model is used to initiate the corresponding pre-processed record, the x or u UCCMRX size of the registry should be set to achieve the final goal and an automatic disposition library is enabled, which contains a master count number. Since the pre-shipment records are only transferred to the batch records when updated, all records should be processed by modifying the UG bit on Timx egr o before accounting starts working. We can determine the polarity of 0CX, which can be "1" or "0", by the software of Timx-CCER CC location on the registry, outputting 0CX allowing CCXE, CCXNE, different combination controls, in the vessel bending model (mode 1 or mode 2) TMK Cont and Timx Crx are always compared to determine if they meet Timx or Crx < Timx < when determining position or at registry position or Timx scale, it can be determined if the timer will generate a boundary aligned PWM signal or a center aligned PWM signal. The duty cycle of the PN output signal is determined by TI CER. The formula is "duty cycle ft.r.ard00". Therefore, the variable CCR is filled with an appropriate value, and a square wave signal with a specific frequency and duty ratio can be output.

The current sensor adopts a Hall current sensor, and comprises an open loop type and a closed loop type, and can be used for detecting alternating current, wherein the open loop is suitable for large-scale current monitoring, and the closed loop is suitable for small-scale current monitoring. The packaging size is small, the measurement range is wide, the weight is light, the power loss is low, and no insertion loss exists.

As shown in fig. 7, compared with the 51-series single chip microcomputer, the STC15F2K60S2 has better performance and driving capability than the 51-series single chip microcomputer. The current single chip microcomputer is provided with a flash program memory, and the flash memory is provided, so that the convenience is brought to the program writing or code erasing by programming compared with the prior art. The chip supports both on-chip and on-line modification, which is convenient for many. The single chip microcomputer is small in size, easy to develop and high in confidentiality; the clock circuit assembly includes a glass oscillator and two ceramic capacitors. Specifically, the output and input of the amplifier are PINTXD and PINRXD, respectively. For the circuitry of the external clock, it can be seen that PINRXD and PINTXD are connected to the GEO oscillator, respectively. Generally, the oscillator signal is a square signal with a frequency of about 12 mhz, which is not particularly required. The reset circuit includes two distinct components, an electrolytic capacitor and a resistor. The reset can be realized by manual reset and automatic reset. The power-on reset button is used for manually resetting after collecting two high-end signals; if the system detects a change in the high level, a power-on reset can be implemented by having a series of changes. The single chip microcomputer is selected as a control core of the device.

A reset operation is performed if the RST pin of the controller is high and the pin remains for 2 machine cycles. In the design process, the design of the reset circuit can be realized by adopting two different methods according to specific conditions, and the two different methods specifically comprise an automatic reset mode and a button reset mode.

Of the eight timers in the STM32F103 master chip, advanced control timers TIM1, TIM8, and four general purpose timers may generate pulse width modulated waveforms. Advanced control timers have many similarities compared to universal timers. The design selects a universal timer as the generation module of the pulse width modulation. The features and functions of the universal timer are briefly described below. The main features of the universal timer TIMX (TIM2, TIM3, TIM4 and TIM5) are as follows:

1. the frequency division coefficient of the sixteen-bit programmable prescaler can be any number between 1 and 65536.

2.4 independent channels are an input capture mode, an output comparison mode, a PWM generation mode and a single pulse output mode.

3. The different timers and the synchronization circuits between the timers are interconnected by external signal control.

4. TIMX function of the universal timer briefly described below the main part of the universal timer is a 16-bit counter and its associated auto-load register. This counter may count up, down, or both up and down. In the count up mode, the counter counts from 0 to the auto-load value (TIMx _ ARR counter contents), then starts counting from 0 again and generates a counter overflow event. In the down mode, the counter counts down to 0 starting from the auto-load value (TIMx _ ARR) and then restarts from the auto-load value and generates a counter overflow event. While the center align mode (count up/down) is where the counter starts counting from 0 to auto-load value-1, generating a counter overflow event, then counts down to 1 and generates a counter overflow event; and then starts to recount from 0 again.

Light sensor module and singlechip interface circuit design

In this device 4 light sensor modules are used, which have 5 pins, GND, VCC, SCL, SDA and ADDR respectively. VCC and GND pins of 4 illumination sensors are respectively connected together, and the VCC and GND pins and the single chip are connected to the same ground. The first illumination sensor SCL, the first illumination sensor SDA and the first illumination sensor ADDR are respectively connected with the port P0.0, the port P0.1 and the port P0.2; the second illumination sensor is connected with a port P0.3, a port P0.4 and a port P0.5; the third illumination sensor is connected with a port P0.6, a port P0.7 and a port P2.0; the fourth illumination sensor is connected with the port P2.1, the port P2.2 and the port P2.3. As shown in fig. 6.

Circuit design of communication module and singlechip

TABLE 3 communication module Pin function

VCC	Power supply pin
		GND	Power ground wire
TXD	Module sending pin
		RXD	Module receiving pin
DTR	Data terminal equipment
		VRTC	RTC external battery pin
PWR	The pin is pulled down to realize the opening or closing of the module

Firstly, initialization is carried out, and then illumination detection and data acquisition are carried out. 4 sets of data, set 1, set 2, set 3 and set 4, are collected, wherein set 1, set 2 and set 3, set 4 are respectively from the data of the light sensors on two diagonals, the data are compared, whether the difference between set 1 and set 2 is smaller than a certain range or not, and whether the difference between set 3 and set 4 is smaller than a certain value or not. The difference value of the two steering engines is required to be within a set range, otherwise, the two steering engines are required to be adjusted until the difference value of the two groups of data is within the set range. The current detection module is mainly used for detecting the current in the circuit loop, if the charging is finished, the detected current is 0, and the state is displayed on the display screen. The general flow chart is shown in fig. 4.

(1) Illumination detection programming

The device can carry out the automatic function of charging of following light, through 4 groups of illumination sensors, g1, g2, g3, g4 illumination sensor are used as illumination and detect, place it in 4 corners on solar panel surface, the illumination sensor is very sensitive to the response of light, carry out illumination detection, gather the illumination intensity of solar energy in real time, and can be according to solar illumination intensity, and then control the steering wheel, the rotation of steering wheel is the activity that can control solar panel, then finally make solar panel aim at the strongest illumination direction, when the difference between g1 and g2 or the difference between g3 and g4 is in a scope, the steering wheel rotates. The flow chart is shown in fig. 5.

(2) Steering engine

The steering engine is controlled through switch statements, the switch statements are executed through values sent by an illumination detector, the values are stored in a Ustart 3Value, case1 controls the steering engine 1, and the steering engine is controlled to rotate by seeing whether the values of the illumination detector 1 and the illumination detector 2 are smaller than a certain range.

(3) OLED display

In the OLED display, the pin and the interface of the OLED need to be set, and CS, RST, DC, SCL, and SDIN are mainly involved at the pin of the OLED, where CS represents a chip select signal, RST represents a reset pin, DC represents a command and control pin, SCL is a clock pin, and SDIN is a data pin. In the system, the 5 pins are respectively connected to P1.0, P1.2, P1.3 and P1.4 of the singlechip.

The sbit OLED _ CS is P1^ 4; // chip selection

The sbit OLED _ RST is P1^ 2; // reset

The sbit OLED _ DC is P1^ 3; // data/command control

The sbit OLED _ SCL is P1^ 0; // clock D0(SCL)

The sbit OLED _ SDIN is P1^ 1; // D1(MOSI) data

The above is the definition of the interface pins.

(4) Current sensing

The current detection is performed by detecting an analog signal, and the singlechip can only process a digital signal, so that the detected current needs to be converted into the digital signal through the AD conversion module. The corresponding procedure mainly involves initializing the ADC and saving the data after conversion. The following procedures are mainly to complete the initialization of the ADC and the reading of the conversion result.

Initializing an ADC

----------------------------*/

void InitADC()

{

P1ASF | ═ 0x 08; setting P1^3 port as AD port

ADC _ RES is 0; // clear result register

ADC_CONTR＝ADC_POWER|ADC_SPEEDLL|ADC_START|ch；

Delay (2); // ADC power-on and delay

IE | ═ 0xa 0; // enabling ADC interrupts

}

/*----------------------------

ADC interrupt service routine

----------------------------*/

void adc_isr()interrupt 5

{

ADC _ CONTR &! ADC _ FLAG; // clear ADC interrupt flag

// reading the result

ADC_VALUE＝ADC_RES；

ADC _ VALUE < < 2; v/left shift by two bits

ADC _ VALUE ═ ADC _ RESL &0X 03; // the last two bits read

// if (+ + ch >7) ch ═ 0; // switch to the next channel

ADC_CONTR＝ADC_POWER|ADC_SPEEDLL|ADC_START|ch；

}

The working principle is as follows: when the solar energy charging device is used, the power generation device is placed in a place with illumination, then the device needing to be charged is switched on, the solar cell panel 17 starts to be charged after receiving the illumination, in addition, when the illumination is received, the light sensors 13 on the four sides of the frame 12 can detect the illumination, then the illumination parameters are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is judged through a series of calculation, the illumination intensity on which side is determined is large, then the single chip microcomputer can control the first steering engine 6 and the second steering engine 9 to rotate, the first steering engine 6 can drive the second mounting plate 8 to realize the front inclination, the second steering engine 9 can drive the frame 12 to realize the left-right inclination, the solar cell panel 17 can receive the maximum illumination intensity, in addition, the current sensor can detect the charging current parameters, and the display is carried out on the display 4.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an automatic follow light charge controlling means, includes base (1), its characterized in that: the solar energy water heater is characterized in that a first supporting rod (2) is welded in the middle of a base (1), a display (4) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the first supporting rod (2), a first mounting plate (5) is welded at the top of the first supporting rod (2), a first steering engine (6) is fixedly mounted at the upper part of the first mounting plate (5), a first rotating arm (7) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first steering engine (6), a second mounting plate (8) is fixedly mounted at the top of the first rotating arm (7) through bolts, a second steering engine (9) is fixedly mounted on the second mounting plate (8), a second rotating arm (10) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the second steering engine (9), a third supporting rod (11) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second rotating arm (10), the other end of the third supporting rod (11) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of a frame (12), and a solar cell panel (17) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the, and photosensitive sensors (13) are fixedly arranged at the center positions of the four sides of the frame (12).

2. The automatic light-following charging control device according to claim 1, wherein: the welding has second branch (3) on base (1), the top of second branch (3) all with the fixed connection of first branch (2).

3. The automatic light-following charging control device according to claim 1, wherein: and a control box is arranged behind the display (4), a circuit board is arranged in the control box, and a single chip microcomputer is arranged on the circuit board.

4. An automatic light-following charging control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the first steering engine (6), the second steering engine (9), the display (4) and the photosensitive sensor (13) respectively, and the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the A/D converter and the current sensor.

5. The automatic light-following charging control device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the first mounting plate (5) is provided with a second shaft rod (16), and one end of the second mounting plate (8) is provided with a first shaft rod (15).

6. The automatic light-following charging control device according to claim 5, wherein: the top ends of the first shaft lever (15) and the second shaft lever (16) are movably connected with a support plate (14) through bearings.

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