CN210431323U

CN210431323U - Solar light source tracking servo device

Info

Publication number: CN210431323U
Application number: CN201921476094.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘燕德; 张鹏; 胡军; 朱依婷
Original assignee: East China Jiaotong University
Current assignee: East China Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2019-09-06
Filing date: 2019-09-06
Publication date: 2020-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar light source tracking servo device, which comprises a solar cell panel, a programmable controller, a light source tracker, a first transmission mechanism for controlling the pitching motion of the solar cell panel and a second transmission mechanism for rotating the solar cell panel left and right; the light source tracker is composed of a circuit board consisting of three photoresistors; the first transmission mechanism consists of a stepping motor and a speed reducing mechanism, and the second transmission mechanism consists of a stepping motor; signals acquired by the three photoresistors are compared and output to the programmable controller, and the programmable controller processes data and outputs the data to the stepping motor circuit so as to control the four-wire two-phase stepping motor to track the solar light source in real time. The utility model discloses servomechanism is trailed to solar light source adjusts solar cell panel perpendicular to solar light source direction all the time, and the cost is lower and possess very strong interference killing feature to the utilization ratio light source tracking effect of the light source that has improved is better.

Description

Solar light source tracking servo device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a light source tracking technology especially relates to a solar light source tracking servo device.

Background

The lack of clean energy is a serious problem facing many countries, and the number of clean energy existing in the world is small, and solar energy is one of the clean energy and has great development potential. Solar energy resources in China are relatively rich, and energy can be well saved if the solar energy resources can be effectively utilized. The solar energy can be well and fully utilized by improving the collection efficiency of the solar cell panel, and the method for enabling the solar cell panel to receive the vertical irradiation from the sunlight is one of the good methods for improving the collection rate. The semi-automatic single-axis tracking mode and the mode of fixing the battery panel to be installed towards the south still remain one of the more mainstream methods at present. The existing sunlight source tracking device has many problems, wherein the main problems are that the conversion efficiency of solar energy is not high, the environmental adaptability of the tracking device is not high enough, and the precision is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an effectual solar light source tracking servo device follows spot.

The utility model provides a solar light source tracking servo device, includes solar cell panel, programmable controller, light source tracker, is used for controlling solar cell panel to do the first drive mechanism of pitch motion and control solar cell panel and do the second drive mechanism of horizontal rotary motion, photo resistance install at solar cell panel central authorities, first drive mechanism constitute by gear reducer and step motor, gear reducer installs in step motor top, second drive mechanism constitute by a step motor, first drive mechanism and second drive mechanism all connect programmable controller.

The utility model provides a servo device is trailed to solar light source, because be equipped with the light source tracker that three photo resistance constitutes on the solar cell panel, through the bright circuit of three light to the irradiant comparison of sun, thereby make the direction of the perpendicular subtend sunlight of solar cell panel, thereby can carry out accurate motion with step motor through conveying comparative information to programmable controller, the efficiency that receives the sunlight with solar cell panel improves, furthermore, through the gear reducer among the first drive mechanism, can realize the focus balance, and can realize the auto-lock of mechanism, finally make solar light source's positioning accuracy high.

In addition, according to the utility model provides a servo device is trailed to solar light source can also have following additional technical characterstic:

furthermore, the support assembly comprises a first support plate and a second support plate, the first support plate is arranged on a base plate on the first stepping motor, and the second support plate is arranged at the joint of the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor.

Further, a pair of parallel grooves is formed in the base plate on the first stepping motor, clamping protrusions are arranged on the first supporting plate, and the clamping protrusions are matched with the grooves.

Furthermore, the solar cell panel is provided with three holes with the same shape as the photoresistors, the photoresistors are arranged on the holes, and the photosensitive circuit board is arranged on the back of the solar cell panel.

Further, the number of the photosensitive resistors is equal to that of the photosensitive circuit boards, and the photosensitive resistors are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the photosensitive circuit boards.

Furthermore, the inside of a speed reducer mechanism in the first transmission mechanism is composed of a straight gear and a bevel gear, and the straight gear and the bevel gear are meshed with a bevel gear at the shaft end of the first stepping motor so as to drive the solar panel to move.

Furthermore, a clamping convex part at the lower part of the speed reducer mechanism in the first transmission mechanism is matched with a base plate clamping groove on the first stepping motor, and the clamping convex part is matched with the groove.

Furthermore, the surface of the solar panel is separated by three baffles forming 120 degrees, the three baffles respectively shield three photoresistors, and a circle of shorter baffle is also arranged on the outer ring of the solar panel.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a front view structure of a solar light source tracking servo device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of placement of a photo-resistor;

FIG. 3 is a gear structure diagram of the gear reducer of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the solar light source tracking servo device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit for connecting the PLC and the photo-resistor sensor of the solar light source tracking servo device of the present invention;

fig. 6 is the whole circuit diagram of the stepping motor of the solar light source tracking servo device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are given in the accompanying drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "up," "down," and the like are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Please refer to fig. 1 and 3, the utility model provides a solar light source tracking servo device, including solar cell panel 1, light source tracker 2, a gear reducer 5 and a first step motor 4 for controlling solar cell panel pitching motion, a second step motor 6 for solar cell panel side-to-side motion, a first backup pad 10 for assisting fixed gear reducer, a backing plate 8 for fixing gear reducer, a second backup pad 9 for fixing first step motor, a first step motor support 11, a baffle 3 for sheltering from interference light source, a light screen 7 for sheltering from external interference light source.

The baffle 3 and the light shading plates 7 are arranged on the solar cell panel 1, the light shading plates 3 are arranged at 120 degrees, the solar cell panel is divided into three equal parts, the light shading plates in the light shading plates 3 are high, the purpose is to prevent light sources of the three light sensitive resistors from interfering with each other, the peripheral short light shading plates are used for preventing other external light sources from interfering with the light sensitive effect of the light sensitive resistors, and the light shading plates 7 arranged around the solar cell panel 1 are also arranged on the periphery of the solar cell panel 1 for reducing the influence of external stray light on the tracking precision.

Gear reducer 5 installs on backing plate 8, and gear reducer 5 lower extreme has the card protruding to cooperate with the draw-in groove on the backing plate to fix gear reducer 5's position, thereby the inside bevel gear 301 of gear reducer 5 meshes with the bevel gear 302 of 4 axle heads of first step motor mutually and makes solar cell panel realize the luffing motion, and first backup pad 10 is installed in gear reducer 5 both sides, thereby realizes supplementary fixed gear reducer 5's effect, realizes preventing the not hard up purpose of gear reducer 5.

Referring to fig. 3, the present invention provides a solar light source tracking servo device, wherein the gear reducer 5 is installed on the first stepping motor 4, and is used to change the rotation direction of the output shaft of the vertically placed first stepping motor 4 from horizontal rotation to pitching rotation of the output shaft of the gear reducer 5, so as to realize pitching motion of the solar cell panel 1. On the other hand gear reducer 5 can play the effect of auto-lock, and solar cell panel 1 probably leads to self flagging because of self gravity when step motor stall, and installs back on gear reducer 5 with solar cell panel 1, because the meshing effect of gear, after solar cell panel stop motion, gear reducer 5 can realize the auto-lock function to solar cell panel 1 to prevent to follow spot the precision and take place the error, the efficient has utilized the energy.

The first stepping motor 4 is vertically arranged, the rotation direction of the output shaft is changed by the gear reducer 5, the self-locking of the solar cell panel 1 is realized, the gravity center of the whole device is stable, and the condition that the light tracking error is caused by the unstable gravity center in the light tracking process of the whole device is avoided.

The second supporting plate 9 is arranged at the joint of the first stepping motor 4 and the second stepping motor 6, and four small supporting plates are arranged in the middle of the second supporting plate, so that the supporting strength is ensured, and the weight of the supporting plate is reduced.

The first stepping motor 4 is installed on the first stepping motor support 11, the first stepping motor support 11 is connected with the second support plate 9, and the second support plate 9 is installed on the second stepping motor 6, so that the link between the first stepping motor 4 and the second stepping motor 6 is realized.

Please refer to fig. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a solar light source tracking servo device, light source tracker 2 comprises three photo resistance and photosensitive circuit, every photo resistance all has a photosensitive circuit rather than corresponding, arrange three photo resistance on the three summit of equilateral triangle, thereby three photo resistance is separated by light screen 3 and is prevented that the light source from disturbing, 3 photo resistance sensor serial numbers A, B, C, illumination intensity through programmable controller comparison sensor, if light intensity B > light intensity C, then drive step motor towards B to rotate, otherwise, towards C to the motion. Similarly, comparing intensity A with B, C, if intensity A > B, C, the average moves toward A, otherwise moves toward B, C.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the present invention provides a solar light tracking servo device, wherein the control aspect is to use a programmable logic controller to control the operation and feedback of the first stepping motor 4 and the second stepping motor 6. When the light source contacts the photoresistor 2, the photoresistor 2 is fed back to the programmable logic controller as the core control element, the light source signals received by the three photoresistors are transmitted to the comparison circuit, the result after passing through the comparison circuit is transmitted to the programmable controller, and the data processed by the programmable controller is output to the stepping motor of the stepping driver to realize the tracking of the light source. The photoresistance sensor 2 connected with the programmable controller can detect the analog quantity of the external illumination change, and sends the analog quantity to the programmable controller for AD conversion, thereby being capable of more conveniently realizing the follow-up of the motor and the light source.

Referring to fig. 2 and 6, in the solar light source tracking servo device of the present invention, the three photo-resistors B, A, C are arranged in a triangular shape. After the start button is pressed, the three-way photoresistor sensor 2 detects a light source bias signal. When the difference of the illumination intensity detected by the B, C two photoresistors is larger and exceeds the threshold value, the PLC outputs a signal to the stepping motor subdivision driver and the NE555 pulse module to drive the stepping motor which is responsible for the rotation motion to execute the following motion. Similarly, when the illumination intensities detected by the two photoresistors A and B are different greatly and exceed a threshold value, the PLC outputs signals to the stepping motor subdivision driver and the NE555 pulse module to drive the stepping motor which is responsible for pitching motion to execute follow-up motion.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a solar light source tracking servo device, its characterized in that includes solar cell panel, programmable controller, light source tracker, the photo resistance as photosensitive element for control solar cell panel does the first drive mechanism of every single move and control solar cell panel and do the second drive mechanism of rotary motion about, photo resistance install at solar cell panel central authorities, first drive mechanism constitute by gear reducer and step motor, gear reducer installs in step motor top, second drive mechanism constitute by a step motor, first drive mechanism and second drive mechanism all connect programmable controller.

2. The solar light source tracking servo device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source tracker comprises A, B, C photo-resistors for sensing the solar light source, the three photo-resistors being arranged in 120 ° equilateral triangle at the center of the solar panel.

3. The solar light source tracking servo device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solar panel is provided with an inner shading plate and an outer shading plate.

4. The solar light source tracking servo device of claim 3, wherein the inner sunshade is higher than the outer sunshade, and the inner sunshade is composed of three panels, and the three sunshades divide the whole solar panel into three 120-degree solar panels.

5. The solar light source tracking servo device of claim 2, wherein the light source tracker is configured by connecting the light sensing circuits of the three photo-resistors to a programmable controller, the programmable controller being connected to the stepper motor circuit.

6. The solar light source tracking servo device of claim 1, wherein the solar panel is mounted on a gear reducer, the solar panel support structure is wider than the gear reducer, and the gear reducer is mounted on the first stepping motor and supported by the first support plate.

7. The solar light source tracking servo device of claim 1, wherein the first transmission mechanism comprises a gear reducer and a first stepping motor, the second transmission mechanism comprises a second stepping motor, the gear reducer is mounted on the first stepping motor, the first stepping motor is mounted on a second support plate, and the second support plate is mounted on the second stepping motor.

8. The solar light source tracking servo device of claim 7, wherein the bevel gear of the gear reducer is fitted to a bevel gear installed at an end of the shaft of the first stepping motor.