CN211956230U

CN211956230U - Light following control system

Info

Publication number: CN211956230U
Application number: CN202020660252.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘晓娟; 杨忠学; 郭欧平; 杨瑞杰; 崔丽
Original assignee: Shenzhen Heguang New Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Liu Xiaojuan
Priority date: 2020-04-27
Filing date: 2020-04-27
Publication date: 2020-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-27

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a control system follows spot, detect the light intensity of equidirectional not through the photoelectric sensor that sets up four at least directions, the processing chip produces corresponding control signal and transmits for drive chip according to two relative photoelectric sensor voltage differences, drive chip produces two step motor rotations that two drive photoelectric panels moved along the equidirectional not of corresponding digital drive signal drive, make the solar panel be in the strongest position that receives the sunshine and shine, and turn into the electric energy storage battery to received light energy, can sensitively learn the light intensity of different positions and direction, make the photoelectric panel move in real time with just always to the light source, and then make the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photoelectric panel the highest.

Description

Light following control system

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a light following control system.

Background

With the rapid development of industry, the demand for energy is rapidly rising. The mineral energy such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like on the earth belongs to non-renewable energy, the environment can be polluted when the mineral energy is consumed, the solar energy belongs to clean and pollution-free renewable energy, the environment cannot be polluted, the increasingly prominent problem of energy exhaustion can be solved, and the solar energy industry can be vigorously developed to achieve multiple purposes.

In the solar energy conversion process, the movement of the sunlight affects the conversion efficiency of the photoelectric conversion, that is, the angle between the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel and the sunlight irradiation affects the conversion efficiency of the photoelectric conversion, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is the highest when the sunlight directly irradiates the photoelectric conversion device.

According to the common knowledge, the sun always operates according to the law of east rising west falling, and actually, the sun changes along with the declination of the sun and the change of the place, and the track can be followed. When the movement of the sun is researched, the utilization efficiency of the sun is improved, and in order to collect more sunlight, an automatic sun tracking method can be adopted.

The traditional solar tracking mode is characterized by the distinction between single-axis tracking and double-axis tracking.

(1) Single-axis tracking: single axis tracking generally employs: obliquely arranging an object to track; horizontally arranging the focal lines from south to north, and tracking things and things; arranging the focal lines in an east-west horizontal mode, and tracking north and south. However, the three modes can only track the change of the position of the sun in the east-west direction or the north-south direction, and although the structure is simple, the single-axis precision is low, and the sunlight collecting effect is not ideal.

(2) Double-axis tracking: the two-axis tracking can be divided into two types, namely polar axis type full tracking and altitude angle azimuth type full tracking. The two axes refer to an azimuth axis and an elevation axis, which track the azimuth and elevation angles of the sun, respectively, and which are perpendicular to each other, and the azimuth axis is perpendicular to the ground, and positions the sun by determining the azimuth and elevation angles. The double-shaft tracking can meet the requirement of all-around tracking, the precision is high, the light following system is easy to realize, and the influence of weather is not easy to cause.

With the continuous update of scientific technology, the equipment device for tracking the sun slowly draws close to the tracking direction of the double shafts, and basically can synchronously track the light source, so that the receiving rate of solar energy is greatly improved.

However, the solar tracking mode in the prior art is not high in sensitivity and cannot track the movement of the sun in real time.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, embodiments of the present application provide a light following control system that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems.

According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a light following control system including: the system comprises a photoelectric sensor group, an analog-digital A/D conversion chip, a processing chip, a driving chip, a first stepping motor and a second stepping motor;

the photoelectric sensor group is connected with the input end of the A/D conversion chip, the output end of the A/D conversion chip is connected with the input end of the processing chip, the output end of the processing chip is connected with the input end of the driving chip, the output end of the driving chip is connected with the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor, and the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor are connected with the same photoelectric plate;

the voltages of two photoelectric sensors in opposite directions in the photoelectric sensor group are converted into telecommunication signals by the A/D conversion chip and transmitted to the processing chip, the telecommunication signals are used for the processing chip to determine a voltage difference value and generate corresponding control signals and transmit the control signals to the driving chip, the control signals are used for the driving chip to generate corresponding driving signals and transmit the driving signals to the first stepping motor and/or the second stepping motor, and the driving signals are used for the first stepping motor and/or the second stepping motor to drive the photoelectric plate to perform corresponding movement so that a light receiving plane of the photoelectric plate always faces a light source.

Optionally, the photosensor group includes 4n photosensors, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the 4n photosensors are uniformly distributed in 4n directions within 360 °.

Optionally, the 4n photosensors are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle or at least two concentric circles.

Optionally, the a/D conversion chip is a PCF8591 chip, the processing chip is an STC89C51 single chip microcomputer, the driving chip is an ULN2803 chip, the photoelectric sensor is a photoresistor, and the photoelectric panel is a solar panel.

Optionally, the photosensor group comprises a first photosensor, a second photosensor, a third photosensor and a fourth photosensor which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle;

the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor, the third photoelectric sensor and the fourth photoelectric sensor are respectively connected with an AIN0 pin, an AIN1 pin, an AIN2 pin and an AIN3 pin of an analog input port of the A/D conversion chip, and a resistor connected with a power switch is connected in parallel between each of the four photoelectric sensors and the analog input port pin connected with each of the four photoelectric sensors;

pins A0, A1, A2, VSS, AGND and EXT of the A/D conversion chip are all grounded, pins VDD and VREF of the A/D conversion chip are connected with the power switch, and pins SCL and SDA of the A/D conversion chip are respectively connected with pins P1.1 and P1.0 of the processing chip.

Optionally, the P1.2 pin of the processing chip is sequentially connected to a red light emitting diode and a sixth resistor which are connected in series;

the P1.3 pin of the processing chip is sequentially connected with a green light-emitting diode and a seventh resistor which are connected in series;

a RESET pin of the processing chip is connected with a RESET circuit;

pins P3.3, P3.4, P3.5, P3.6 and P3.7 of the processing chip are also respectively connected with a switch which is grounded;

a grounded crystal oscillator circuit is connected between the X2 pin and the X1 pin of the processing chip;

the grounding GND pin of the processing chip is grounded;

a power supply input VCC pin and an EA/VP pin of the processing chip are connected with the power supply switch;

pins P2.7, P2.6, P2.5, P2.4, P2.3, P2.2, P2.1 and P2.0 of the processing chip are respectively connected with pins IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, IN5, IN6, IN7 and IN8 of the driving chip.

Optionally, the ground GND pin of the driving chip is grounded, the OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 pins of the driving chip are respectively connected to the four input pins of the first stepping motor, the OUT5, OUT6, OUT7 and OUT8 pins of the driving chip are respectively connected to the four input pins of the second stepping motor, and another pin of the driving chip is connected to the power switch.

Optionally, each of the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor further has a pin connected to the power switch.

Optionally, the RESET circuit includes a RESET switch, a first capacitor, and a first resistor, where the RESET switch and the first capacitor form a parallel circuit, one end of the parallel circuit is connected to the power switch, the other end of the parallel circuit is connected to the first resistor, and the first resistor is grounded, where a RESET restart pin of the processing chip is connected between the parallel circuit and the first resistor.

Optionally, the crystal oscillation circuit includes an oscillator, a second capacitor and a third capacitor, wherein the oscillator is connected in series between the X2 pin and the X1 pin of the processing chip, and two ends of the oscillator are further connected to the second capacitor and the third capacitor, respectively, which are grounded.

The light following control system described in the embodiment of the application detects the light intensity in different directions through the photoelectric sensors arranged in at least four directions, the processing chip generates corresponding control signals according to the voltage difference between the two corresponding photoelectric sensors and transmits the control signals to the driving chip, the driving chip generates corresponding digital driving signals to drive the two stepping motors of the two driving photoelectric plates to move in different directions to rotate, so that the solar plate is located at the strongest position where the solar plate receives sunlight irradiation, the received light energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery, the light intensity in different positions and directions can be known sensitively, and the photoelectric plates can move in real time to be always opposite to the light source.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and the embodiments of the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description in order to make the technical means of the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, and the detailed description of the present application is provided below in order to make the foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clearly understandable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a light tracking system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a light tracking control system according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship. Additionally, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein.

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a light tracking system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the light tracking system includes a photo-sensor group 11, an analog-to-digital (a/D) conversion chip 12, a processing chip 13, a driving chip 14, a first stepping motor 15, a second stepping motor 16, a photo-electric plate 17, and a storage battery 18, where the photo-sensor group 11 is connected to an input end of the a/D conversion chip 12, an output end of the a/D conversion chip 12 is connected to an input end of the processing chip 13, an output end of the processing chip 13 is connected to an input end of the driving chip 14, an output end of the driving chip 14 is connected to the first stepping motor 15 and the second stepping motor 16, the first stepping motor 15 and the second stepping motor 16 are connected to the same photo-electric plate 17, an output end of the photo-electric plate 17 is connected to the storage battery 18, the photovoltaic panel 17 may be a solar panel.

The photosensor group 11 includes 4n photosensors, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and optionally, n is 1 or 2, and the 4n photosensors are uniformly distributed in 4n directions within 360 °.

For example, the 4n photosensors may be uniformly distributed along the circumference of at least two concentric circles, that is, the distance from the center of the circle to each photosensor may be unequal or at least partially unequal, and the included angle between any two adjacent photosensors is equal.

For example, the 4n photosensors are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle, that is, the distance from each photosensor to the center of the circle is equal, and the included angle between any two adjacent photosensors is equal. For convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking the example that the photosensors are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle.

For example, the photosensor group 11 includes four photosensors, which are uniformly distributed in four directions within a 360 ° range, for example, uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle, that is, the included angle between any two adjacent photosensors is 90 °, for example, as shown in fig. 1, the photosensor group 11 includes four photosensors, which are a first photosensor group 111, a second photosensor group 112, a third photosensor group 113, and a fourth photosensor group 114, respectively, in the south, the west, and the north (or correspondingly, the right, the bottom, and the left are referred to as "bottom, left, top").

For another example, the photosensor group 11 includes eight photosensors, and the eight photosensors are uniformly distributed in eight directions within a 360 ° range, for example, uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle, that is, the included angle between any two adjacent photosensors is 45 °, for example, the four photosensors are respectively located in four directions, i.e., the south, the west, and the north (or correspondingly referred to as the lower right, the upper left), and one photosensor is disposed at the midpoint of any two adjacent directions of the four directions.

In another embodiment of the present application, a photosensor refers to a component that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal. The working principle of the photoelectric sensor is based on the photoelectric effect, and the photoelectric effect refers to a phenomenon that when light irradiates on certain substances, electrons of the substances absorb the energy of photons to generate corresponding electric effect. For example, the photo sensor may be a photo resistor, and the photo resistor generates a corresponding resistance value change according to the intensity of the illumination.

Another name for the light-sensitive resistor is the light pipe, which has no polarity and can be used directly in the case of dc voltage or ac voltage. Under a certain applied voltage and illumination, the current flowing through the photoresistor is called photocurrent, and the bright resistance refers to the ratio of the applied voltage to the photocurrent. In contrast, at a certain applied voltage and without illumination, the current flowing through the photoresistor is called dark current, and the ratio of them is called dark resistance. The sensitivity of the photo-resistor refers to a relative change value between a dark resistor and a bright resistor, and in order to improve the sensitivity of the photo-resistor, the bright resistor is generally made as small as possible and the dark resistor is made as large as possible.

Therefore, the photoelectric sensor can generate different voltage values due to different illumination intensities.

The voltage generated by each of the photosensors in the photosensor group 11 is converted into an electrical signal by the a/D conversion chip 12, then the a/D conversion chip 12 transmits the generated electrical signal to the processing chip 13, the processing chip 13 generates a corresponding control signal according to the voltage difference between the two photosensors in the opposite direction and transmits the control signal to the driving chip 14, and the driving chip 14 generates a corresponding driving signal according to the control signal and transmits the driving signal to the first stepper motor 15 and/or the second stepper motor 16. In another embodiment of the present application, the driving signal is a pulse signal, and the first stepping motor 15 and/or the second stepping motor 16 drives the photovoltaic panel 17 to perform corresponding movement according to the driving signal, so that the light receiving plane of the photovoltaic panel 17 always faces the light source. For example, the first stepping motor 15 drives the photoelectric plate 17 to rotate in the east-west (or left-right) direction, the second stepping motor 16 drives the photoelectric plate 17 to rotate in the north-south (or up-down) direction, and finally the light receiving plane of the photoelectric plate 17 always faces the light source, for example, faces the sun, so that the light receiving plane of the photoelectric plate 17 is always perpendicular to the rays of the sunlight, and then the photoelectric plate 17 can obtain the maximum illumination intensity, that is, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photoelectric plate 17 always keeps the maximum. The electric energy generated by the photoelectric plate 17 is transmitted to the storage battery 18 for storage.

In another embodiment of the present application, in order to make the signal voltage difference between two opposite photosensors more easily obtained, the distance between two opposite photosensors may be equal to or greater than a threshold value, for example, the threshold value may be any value from 1 cm to 100 cm. Wherein, the two opposite photoelectric sensors mean that the two photoelectric sensors are positioned on the same straight line.

In another embodiment of the present application, the a/D conversion chip 12 may adopt a PCF8591 chip, the processing chip 13 may adopt an STC89C51 single chip microcomputer, the driving chip 14 may adopt an ULN2803 chip, and the storage battery 18 may be a lithium battery.

As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a control circuit structure of a light tracking system according to another embodiment of the present application is shown, the control circuit includes a photoelectric sensor group 21, an a/D conversion chip 22, a processing chip 23, a driving chip 24, a first stepping motor 25 and a second stepping motor 26, and the first stepping motor 25 and the second stepping motor 26 are used for driving a photoelectric plate (not shown) to rotate, for example, in two perpendicular directions.

The a/D conversion chip 22 may adopt a PCF8591 chip, the processing chip 23 may adopt an STC89C51 single chip microcomputer, the driving chip 24 may adopt a ULN2803 chip, and the photoelectric panel may be a solar panel. The first stepping motor 25 is a horizontal driving stepping motor for driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate in a horizontal direction (also referred to as a left-right direction), and the second stepping motor 26 is a vertical driving stepping motor for driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate in a vertical direction (also referred to as a north-south direction).

The photo-sensor group 21 includes a first photo-sensor 211, a second photo-sensor 212, a third photo-sensor 213 and a fourth photo-sensor 214, which are uniformly distributed in four directions within 360 °, for example, uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle, that is, the included angle between any two adjacent photo-sensors is 90 °, for example, as shown in fig. 2, the first photo-sensor 211, the second photo-sensor 212, the third photo-sensor 213 and the fourth photo-sensor 214 are respectively located at the right, the lower, the left and the upper, in another embodiment of the present application, the right corresponds to east, the lower corresponds to south, the left corresponds to west, and the upper corresponds to north.

The first photo sensor 211, the second photo sensor 212, the third photo sensor 213, and the fourth photo sensor 214 may be photo resistors, which are respectively connected to an AIN0 pin (also referred to as a first analog input port pin), an AIN1 pin (also referred to as a second analog input port pin), an AIN2 pin (also referred to as a third analog input port pin), and an AIN3 pin (also referred to as a fourth analog input port pin) of the a/D conversion chip 22, and a resistor connected to a power switch VCC is connected in parallel between each of the four photo sensors and the analog input port connected to each of the four photo sensors, for example, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, and the fifth resistor R5 are respectively used for voltage reduction and protection of the a/D conversion chip 22. In another embodiment of the present application, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 all have a resistance of 10k ohms.

In another embodiment of the present application, the first photosensor 211, the second photosensor 212, the third photosensor 213, and the fourth photosensor 214 are first connected to four input ports of the connector 27, respectively, and then connected to the analog input port AIN0 pin, AIN1 pin, AIN2 pin, and AIN3 pin of the a/D conversion chip 22 through four output ports of the connector 27, respectively, and the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, and the fifth resistor R5 are connected between the power switch VCC and the analog input port AIN0 pin, AIN1 pin, AIN2 pin, and AIN3 pin of the a/D conversion chip 22, respectively.

Pins A0, A1, A2, VSS, AGND and EXT of the A/D conversion chip 22 are all grounded, a pin VDD and a pin VREF of the A/D conversion chip 22 are connected with a power switch VCC, and pins SCL and SDA of the A/D conversion chip 22 are respectively connected with pins P1.1 and P1.0 of the processing chip 23.

The P1.2 pin of the processing chip 23 is sequentially connected with a red light emitting diode and a sixth resistor R6 which are connected in series, wherein the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with a power switch VCC, and the resistance value of the sixth resistor R6 is 1k ohm.

The P1.3 pin of the processing chip 23 is sequentially connected with a green light emitting diode and a seventh resistor R7 which are connected in series, wherein the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with a power switch VCC, and the resistance value of the seventh resistor R7 is 1k ohm.

The red light emitting diode and the green light emitting diode are used for indicating the working state of the processing chip 23.

The RESET pin of the processing chip 23 is connected to a RESET circuit 28, and the RESET circuit 28 is configured to perform RESET initialization on the processing chip 23 when the processing chip 23 is halted or a program error occurs. The RESET circuit 28 comprises a RESET switch S6, a first capacitor C1 and a first resistor R1, the RESET switch S6 and the first capacitor C1 form a parallel circuit, one end of the parallel circuit is connected with a power switch VCC, the other end of the parallel circuit is connected with a first resistor R1, and the first resistor R1 is grounded, wherein a RESET restart pin of the processing chip 23 is connected between the parallel circuit and the first resistor R1. In another embodiment of the present application, the capacitance of the first capacitor C1 is 10 microfarads (uf), and the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 10k ohms.

The pins P3.3, P3.4, P3.5, P3.6 and P3.7 of the processing chip 23 are further connected to a switch connected to ground, for example, the pins P3.3, P3.4, P3.5, P3.6 and P3.7 are connected to the fourth switch S4, the fifth switch S5, the first switch S1, the third switch S3 and the second switch S2, respectively, wherein the fourth switch S4 is a mode switching switch for the processing chip 23 to control the driving chip 24 to switch between the automatic mode and the manual mode, and the automatic mode is default initially, the indicator light corresponding to the green led is green, and the manual mode is default, the indicator light corresponding to the red led is red. When the fourth switch S4 is switched to the manual mode, the processing chip 23 can cause the first stepping motor 25 to drive the photoelectric panel (not shown) to rotate in two opposite directions by the driving chip 24 when the first switch S1 or the fifth switch S5 is pressed, and the processing chip 23 can cause the second stepping motor 26 to drive the photoelectric panel (not shown) to rotate in two opposite directions by the driving chip 24 when the second switch S2 or the third switch S3 is pressed.

A grounded crystal oscillator circuit 29 is connected between pins X2 and X1 of the processing chip 23, the crystal oscillator circuit 29 is configured to generate a clock signal, the crystal oscillator circuit 29 includes an oscillator Y1, a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3, wherein an oscillator Y1 is connected in series between pins X2 and X1 of the processing chip 23, the oscillator Y1 adopts a 12MHz crystal oscillator as an oscillation source, two ends of the oscillator Y1 are further connected to a grounded second capacitor C2 and a grounded third capacitor C3, respectively, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are configured to assist the oscillator Y1 to start oscillation, for example, capacitance values of the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are both 30 picofarads (pf).

The ground GND pin of the processing chip 23 is grounded.

And a power supply input VCC pin and an EA/VP pin of the processing chip 23 are connected with a power supply switch VCC.

The pins P2.7, P2.6, P2.5, P2.4, P2.3, P2.2, P2.1 and P2.0 of the processing chip 23 are respectively connected to the pins IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, IN5, IN6, IN7 and IN8 of the driving chip 24, wherein the pins IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, IN5, IN6, IN7 and IN8 may also be respectively referred to as a first input pin, a second input pin, a third input pin, a fourth input pin, a fifth input pin, a sixth input pin, a seventh input pin and an eighth input pin.

The ground GND pin of the driving chip 24 is grounded. The output pins OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 (which may also be referred to as the first output pin, the second output pin, the third output pin and the fourth output pin, respectively) of the driver chip 24 are connected to the second, third, fourth and fifth input pins (i.e., the

input

2, 3, 4 and 5 pins) of the first stepping motor 25, respectively. The OUT5, OUT6, OUT7 and OUT8 (also referred to as the fifth output pin, the sixth output pin, the seventh output pin and the eighth output pin, respectively) pins of the driving chip 24 are connected to the fifth, fourth, third and second input pins (i.e., the

input

5, 4, 3 and 2 pins) of the second stepping motor 26, respectively. The VCC pin of the driver chip 24 is connected to a power switch VCC.

The first input pin of the first stepping motor 25 and the first input pin of the second stepping motor 26 are both connected to a power switch VCC.

The circuit of the power supply can be as shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply circuit according to another embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit includes a power supply 31 and a power switch 32 connected in series, the power switch 32 has a power output terminal (VCC), wherein the power supply 31 is further grounded, and the power supply 31 can be an ac power supply or a dc power supply.

The first photosensor 211, the second photosensor 212, the third photosensor 213, and the fourth photosensor 214 are uniformly located in four directions within 360 °, voltages generated by the four photosensors are converted into electrical signals by the a/D conversion chip 22, the a/D conversion chip 22 transmits the generated electrical signals to the processing chip 23, and the processing chip 23 generates corresponding control signals according to a voltage difference between the two photosensors in the opposite directions and transmits the control signals to the driving chip 24, wherein the two photosensors are located on the same straight line. The driving chip 24 generates a corresponding driving signal according to the control signal and sends the driving signal to the first stepping motor 25 and/or the second stepping motor 26, the driving signal is a pulse signal, the first stepping motor 25 and/or the second stepping motor 26 drives the photovoltaic panel to perform corresponding movement according to the driving signal, so that the light receiving plane of the photovoltaic panel always faces the light source, for example, the first stepping motor 25 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the left-right direction (also referred to as the east-west direction), the second stepping motor 26 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the up-down direction (also referred to as the up-down direction), and finally the light receiving plane of the photovoltaic panel always faces the light source, for example, faces the sun, so that the light receiving plane of the photovoltaic panel is always perpendicular to the light of the sunlight, and the photovoltaic panel can obtain the maximum illumination intensity, i.e. the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is always kept at a maximum.

For example, the first photosensor 211, the second photosensor 212, the third photosensor 213, and the fourth photosensor 214 are respectively disposed at four orientations, i.e., right corresponding to east, lower corresponding to south, left corresponding to west, and upper corresponding to north. In the light intensity detection process, the light intensities in the same direction line are detected and compared, for example, the light intensities in the left and right directions are detected and compared or the light intensities in the up and down directions are detected and compared. For example, when the light on the left is strong, the third photo sensor 213 on the left generates a change of decreasing resistance with the light (e.g. sunlight), and then compares the voltage value of the first photo sensor 211 on the right, when the relative difference between the two reaches a certain set condition (e.g. 8), the a/D conversion chip 22 transmits the signal to the processing chip 23, the processing chip 23 generates a control signal and transmits the control signal to the driving chip 24, the driving chip 24 generates a corresponding digital driving signal and transmits the digital driving signal to the first stepping motor 25, so that the first stepping motor 25 turns left, and vice versa. The fourth photo sensor 214 on the upper side and the second photo sensor 212 on the lower side adopt the same photo detection mode to detect the change of the sunlight vertical angle, and transmit the real-time signal to the processing chip 23, after the processing chip 23 is further processed, the processing chip controls the driving chip 24 to generate a corresponding digital driving signal and transmit the digital driving signal to the second stepping motor 26, so that the second stepping motor 26 rotates forward and backward. In short, the positions of the photovoltaic panel and the solar ray are continuously adjusted to keep the photovoltaic panel and the solar ray in a mutually perpendicular state all the time. In general, the photoelectric sensors disposed in four directions collect sunlight, convert collected light signals into electrical signals through the a/D conversion chip 22, send the electrical signals to the processing chip 23 for analysis to obtain final results, generate corresponding control signals, and the driving chip 24 receives the control signals sent by the processing chip 23 to control the corresponding stepping motor to rotate the photoelectric plate to be perpendicular to incident light all the time, so as to improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

For example, the processing chip 23 obtains the voltage values of the first photosensor 211, the second photosensor 212, the third photosensor 213, and the fourth photosensor 214 distributed in four directions of south, east, west, and north, as U1, U2, U3, and U4, respectively, and sets the determination condition that the lowest difference threshold is Δ U, for example, Δ U equals to 8. Wherein the first stepping motor 25 is used for driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate horizontally (for example, in the east-west direction), and the second stepping motor 26 is used for driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate vertically (for example, in the north-south direction).

When the processing chip 23 judges that U1> U2 or U1-U2> Δ U, the processing chip 23 generates a control signal for driving the first stepping motor 25 to rotate reversely and sends the control signal to the driving chip 24, and the driving chip 24 controls the first stepping motor 25 to rotate reversely.

When the processing chip 23 judges that U2 is greater than U1 or U2-U1 is greater than delta U, the processing chip 23 generates a control signal for driving the first stepping motor 25 to rotate forwards and sends the control signal to the driving chip 24, and the driving chip 24 controls the first stepping motor 25 to rotate forwards.

When the processing chip 23 judges that U3 is greater than U4 or U3-U4 is greater than delta U, the processing chip 23 generates a control signal for driving the second stepping motor 26 to turn right and sends the control signal to the driving chip 24, and the driving chip 24 controls the second stepping motor 26 to turn right.

When the processing chip 23 judges that U4 is greater than U3 or U4-U3 is greater than delta U, the processing chip 23 generates a control signal for driving the second stepping motor 26 to turn left and sends the control signal to the driving chip 24, and the driving chip 24 controls the second stepping motor 26 to turn left.

To sum up, in the light tracking system and the light tracking control system described in the above embodiments, at least four photoelectric sensors are arranged to detect light intensities in different directions, the processing chip generates corresponding control signals according to a voltage difference between two corresponding photoelectric sensors and transmits the control signals to the driving chip, and the driving chip generates corresponding digital driving signals to drive two stepping motors for driving the two photoelectric panels to move in different directions to rotate, so that the solar panel is located at a strongest position where the solar panel receives sunlight irradiation, and the received light energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery, so that the light intensities in different positions and directions can be known sensitively, and the photoelectric panel can move in real time to face the light source all the time.

Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the application, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The application may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments should not be construed as limiting the order of execution unless specified otherwise.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A light following control system, characterized in that the light following control system comprises: the system comprises a photoelectric sensor group, an analog-digital A/D conversion chip, a processing chip, a driving chip, a first stepping motor and a second stepping motor;

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of photosensors comprises 4n photosensors, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the 4n photosensors are uniformly distributed over 4n directions within 360 °.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the 4n photosensors are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the same circle or at least two concentric circles.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the a/D conversion chip is a PCF8591 chip, the processing chip is a STC89C51 single chip microcomputer, the driving chip is a ULN2803 chip, the photo sensor is a photo resistor, and the photo panel is a solar panel.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the set of photosensors comprises a first photosensor, a second photosensor, a third photosensor, and a fourth photosensor uniformly distributed along a circumference of the same circle;

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the P1.2 pin of the processing chip is connected with a red LED and a sixth resistor in series in sequence;

a RESET pin of the processing chip is connected with a RESET circuit;

the grounding GND pin of the processing chip is grounded;

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the ground GND pin of the driving chip is grounded, the output pins OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 of the driving chip are respectively connected with the four input pins of the first stepping motor, the pins OUT5, OUT6, OUT7 and OUT8 of the driving chip are respectively connected with the four input pins of the second stepping motor, and the driving chip further has one pin connected with the power switch.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein each of the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor further has a pin connected to the power switch.

9. The system according to claim 6, wherein the RESET circuit comprises a RESET switch, a first capacitor and a first resistor, the RESET switch and the first capacitor form a parallel circuit, one end of the parallel circuit is connected with the power switch, the other end of the parallel circuit is connected with the first resistor, the first resistor is grounded, and a RESET pin of the processing chip is connected between the parallel circuit and the first resistor.

10. The system of claim 6, wherein the crystal oscillator circuit comprises an oscillator, a second capacitor and a third capacitor, wherein the oscillator is connected in series between the pin X2 and the pin X1 of the processing chip, and the second capacitor and the third capacitor are connected to ground at two ends of the oscillator respectively.