CN109542129B - Solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system - Google Patents
Solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109542129B CN109542129B CN201910058533.8A CN201910058533A CN109542129B CN 109542129 B CN109542129 B CN 109542129B CN 201910058533 A CN201910058533 A CN 201910058533A CN 109542129 B CN109542129 B CN 109542129B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
- G05D3/20—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system, wherein a sensor is arranged in parallel with a solar photoelectric plate, pitch angle and orientation data of the solar photoelectric plate are actually measured and calculated and fed back to an intelligent calculation storage unit MCU, experience sunrise, sunset and blackish time and illuminance data of each day in the whole year of a use place are stored in the intelligent calculation storage unit, the illuminance sum is larger than a set value, the default is 2.0V, the theoretical position is calculated through a formula, the intelligent calculation storage unit reads voltage data output by a glue dropping plate according to a program flow in an automatic tracking mode of the control system, the set threshold is compared with the sensor voltage data, and the clear day or the cloudy day is judged, and the clear day and the cloudy day mode are switched freely; the device has compact structure, high stability and high expansibility, reduces the damage of starting current to the motor, and accurately positions the direct solar radiation direction to improve the power generation efficiency. And a stable, efficient and intelligent photovoltaic power generation mode is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photo-thermal collection facility utilizing solar energy, in particular to an automatic control device capable of automatically tracking the direct angle of the sun, which is applied to photo-thermal collection equipment with high photovoltaic power generation requirement efficiency and a two-dimensional motion function.
Background
The existing automatic tracking control system for the solar photovoltaic power generation device has the following structures, control circuits and sensor forms:
1. fixed in a free-degree-of-freedom and horizontal rotation mode
One current common photovoltaic power generation mode is to place a solar photovoltaic panel at a forward-south elevation angle of 45 degrees. Because the arrangement form cutting equipment has no freedom degree and can not rotate, the rated power generation can be achieved only at 10 to 14 points in summer. This solution has the advantage of low cost and easy installation. The method has the defects of unstable power generation amount, limited running time, great reduction of the power generation amount under extreme conditions in winter and the like. The solar photovoltaic panel bracket can horizontally rotate, so that the following of the solar azimuth can be realized. The problem of unstable generated energy caused by solar azimuth change is solved to a part extent.
2. Motor control of relay and field effect transistor
As the size of the solar cell increases, the required motor torque increases. When the relay is used for controlling the motor, the instantaneous current of the motor started and stopped can reach 3-6 times of rated current, and the situation that fuses are burnt and even the motor is damaged often occurs. The field effect tube has the defect that the instant increase of the starting current can not be restrained, the field effect tube is easy to damage due to frequent starting and stopping, and the service life of the device is greatly shortened in practical application.
3. Sensor function
The current solar automatic tracking system mainly comprises a light intensity control method from a control method, wherein the light measurement adopts a projection recognition device, comprises an opaque baffle and a rotating device, the opaque baffle is vertically arranged on the upper bottom surface of a box body of the projection recognition device, a projection recognition device for recognizing projection of the opaque baffle is arranged in the box body of the projection recognition device, the box body of the projection recognition device is arranged on the rotating device, and the error between the measured result and the actual height angle and horizontal angle of the sun is within 5 degrees. In the existing solar tracking sensor, only one light shielding plate is erected between two glue dripping plates. Which glue dropping plate rotates to the side when the voltage is large, and stops when the voltage is equal-! This approach works well only in daylight-rich weather conditions and has no position feedback function.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic reversing device for accurately aligning a heat collector to a direct solar position by using a solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system, which can solve the existing problems.
The solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system comprises a motor control chip, a sensor, an intelligent calculation storage unit and an operator, wherein the motor control chip is used for steering a solar photovoltaic panel, the sensor is arranged in parallel with the solar photovoltaic panel, pitch angle and orientation data of the solar photovoltaic panel are actually measured and calculated and fed back to the intelligent calculation storage unit MCU, a calculation program is stored in the intelligent calculation storage unit, experience sunrise, sunset and sky-black time and illuminance data of each day in the whole year of a using place are stored in the intelligent calculation storage unit, the sum of illuminance is larger than a set value, the theoretical position is calculated by default to 2.0V, according to a program flow in an automatic tracking mode designed by the control system, the intelligent calculation storage unit reads voltage data output by a glue dropping plate, a threshold value set by the theoretical calculation sunrise time and sunshine luminosity is compared with the real-time output voltage data of the sensor, and the clear day or cloudy day is judged, and the solar photovoltaic system is freely switched in a clear day and cloudy day mode; the solar glue dropping plates of the sensor output rated voltage 3V when sunshine is fully applied, the total output of the four glue dropping plates is 12V when the sunshine is fully applied, the standard is summarized according to actual measurement and experience, sunrise is considered when the total of the early morning is more than 1.6V, sunset is considered when the total of the evening is less than 0.8V, and cloudy day is considered when the total of the daytime is less than 2.0V; this parameter is adjusted according to the local situation; judging that the photoelectric plate is positioned according to the sensor data when the theoretical value is consistent with the sensor data, and tracking the theoretical value calculated by the intelligent calculation storage unit when the photoelectric plate is judged to be in a sunny day mode and the photoelectric plate is judged to be in a cloudy day; when the shading cover shields a certain glue dropping plate vertical to the bottom surface, the output voltage of the glue dropping plate can be reduced due to different shielding degrees, and the specific azimuth of the sun is judged according to the difference of the output voltages of the four glue dropping plates; the MPU6050 six-axis sensor feeds back the gesture of the solar panel, and is only used for comparing and correcting the gesture calculated by the intelligent calculation unit program of the control system; when the theoretical value is inconsistent with the sensor data, judging the current position of the photoelectric plate and the sun, and controlling the system to enable a motor in a certain direction to act, adjusting the motor to have no gap in comparison data, if the gesture calculated by the intelligent calculation program is greatly different from the gesture fed back by the sensor, indicating that the intelligent calculation program is in error or even has a danger of exceeding limit, and stopping running or waiting for manual processing; when the tracking is successful, the control system keeps the current position for a period of time, the intelligent calculation storage unit returns to calculate the theoretical position through a formula, or returns to repeatedly read the voltage output by the glue dropping plate;
the formula for cloudy days is approximately:
unit trip = total trip/(sunset time-sunrise time);
estimated position = unit trip (current time-sunrise time);
the current position of the photoelectric plate is adjusted according to the calculated position, wherein the total journey is changed differently according to seasons; sensor structure: the hemispherical transparent outer cover is combined with the edge of the round bottom plate, the center of the round bottom plate is provided with a light shield for fixing the hollow square, a sensor circuit board is arranged in the light shield and used for measuring feedback angles, the circuit board is connected with MUC, four solar glue dropping boards are respectively arranged at the bottom edges of four vertical faces of the light shield and face four directions of east-west, the back surfaces of the four glue dropping boards in the circuit are respectively provided with two positive and negative electrode contact points which are welded on the PCT board, the circuit board of the sensor is provided with an independent power supply module, +5V of the sensor circuit board is provided with a power supply module from an electric element control board, and the sensor circuit board is connected through a cable and a connector.
According to the solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system, a relay is not needed in a PWM driving mode of LMD18200 adopted in equipment driving configuration, the functions of current feedback and program speed regulation are achieved, slow start and slow stop can be achieved, and damage of starting current to a motor is effectively reduced. The remarkable advantages are as follows: 1. the problems of low service life and poor reliability of a motor controlled by a relay and a field effect transistor are solved.
2. The problem of current sensor is sealed is solved, the feedback problem of angle, orientation. The sensor housing and the stereoscopic mask are custom-built according to the design of the present invention.
3. The program in the solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system has learning capability, and can calculate a future tracking strategy according to the past solar track. In short, the data tracking is directly performed according to the sensor data on sunny days, and the data tracking is calculated according to the control system on cloudy days. Therefore, the photovoltaic panel can find the maximum sunlight angle under the condition of overcast days or insufficient illumination.
Compared with the prior art, the solar two-dimensional automatic tracking control system and device have the advantages of compact structure, high stability and high expansibility, can effectively reduce the damage of starting current to a motor, can accurately position the direct solar radiation direction, improve the power generation efficiency, and realize a stable, efficient and intelligent photovoltaic power generation mode.
The product is tried out in small scale in actual operation. In actual use, the sensor shell is made of transparent acrylic material into a hemispherical shape, so that corrosion of wind, snow, rainwater and the like to the circuit board can be prevented, and data distortion caused by light refraction is avoided.
The motor control chip LMD18200 is rated for 3A current, and the current of the control system to the single motor is 3A. The maximum motor is 75W. The controller PWM driving mode is adopted, a relay is not needed, the functions of current feedback and program regulation and control of the rotating speed are achieved, a direct current motor can be independently controlled, slow start and slow stop are achieved, and damage of starting current to current and the motor is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensor structure;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a sensor structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sensor circuit;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a cloudy day mode program in auto-track mode;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a motor control chip;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the algorithm for the attitude of a solar photovoltaic panel in a two-dimensional automatic tracking control system;
FIG. 7 is a block flow diagram of a program in auto-track mode;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a sunny mode procedure in auto-track mode;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a sunny mode procedure in the auto-tracking mode.
Detailed Description
The solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system comprises a motor control chip, a sensor, an intelligent calculation storage unit and an operator, wherein the motor control chip is used for steering a solar photovoltaic panel; several principles in the algorithm of the calculation program in the intelligent calculation storage unit:
1) When the values of the sensors "east", "west" approach and the values of the sensors "south" and "north" approach, the tracking is considered successful, and the device is subjected to the greatest illumination.
2) And setting the current position as the starting point and the end point of the journey after successful tracking at the time points of sunrise and sunset.
3) In more days of the sunny day, one run cycle may be considered as a "standard cycle". More sunny days, the period closer to the day will be replaced with a "standard period".
4) The "total travel" is the distance from the start point to the end point in the standard cycle.
The sensor of the invention consists of four glue dropping plates, a light shielding plate and a six-axis acceleration sensor MPU6050, see the sensor structure diagram of FIG. 1, and is characterized in that the sensor structure is as follows: the appearance of the sensor is a hemisphere, the hemispherical transparent outer cover 1 is combined with the edge of the round bottom plate 3, the hollow cube light shield 4 is fixed in the center of the round bottom plate 3, the light shield 4 is opaque black, the bottom plate in the light shield 4 is provided with a connector for measuring the feedback angle and the PIN10 at the right lower angle of the circuit board, and the connector is used for connecting cables and communicating with MUC. Referring to fig. 2, four solar glue dropping plates 2 are respectively placed at the bottom edges of four vertical surfaces of a light shield 4 and face four directions of east, west and west, the back surfaces of four glue dropping plates T1-T4 in a circuit are provided with two positive and negative electrode contact points which are welded on a PCT board, a circuit board 5 of a sensor is independently powered, +5V of the circuit board of the sensor is powered, and a power module from a control board of an electrical element is connected with the power supply of the circuit board of the sensor through a cable and a connector. Sensor circuit wiring relationships, see fig. 3: the cable is connected with a power supply +5V and GND through a connector, and then converted into +3.3V through RT9193 for the MPU 6050. The negative pole feet of the glue dropping plates T1, T2, T3 and T4 are the public ends and are all connected with GND, and the positive pole 10K resistor pull-down is connected with AD conversion of the driver MCU singlechip STM32 through a connector. The sensor MPU6050 is connected to the IIC of STM32 through the IIC SDA. Note that IIC pulls up the 4.7K resistor to avoid signal distortion during transmission. The solar glue dropping plate outputs rated voltage 3V when the solar glue dropping plate fully shines, a cube light shield is arranged in the middle, when one glue dropping plate vertical to the bottom surface is shielded, the output voltage of the glue dropping plate can be reduced due to different shielding degrees, and the specific direction of the sun is judged according to the difference of the output voltages of the four glue dropping plates.
The six-axis sensor of the MPU6050 can feed back the posture of the solar panel. And the control system is only used for comparing and correcting the gesture calculated by the intelligent calculation unit program of the control system under normal conditions. If the gesture calculated by the intelligent calculation program is greatly different from the gesture fed back by the sensor, the gesture shows that the calculation is wrong or even has the danger of exceeding limit and the like, and the operation is stopped or the manual processing is waited.
Fig. 4 is a basic circuit block diagram of the control system, the manipulator of the solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system is provided with a display screen and keys, and is characterized in that the display screen and the keys are arranged on the front surface of a shell, a sensor interface, a limiter interface and a debugging interface are arranged on the side surface of the shell, a micro-control singlechip MUC is arranged in the shell, a singlechip STM32, motor control modules in two directions, button cells and interfaces are communicated with each other except a power supply module, and circuits of all devices are communicated. The power module is on the electrical component control board. The liquid crystal screen is a 3.5 inch TFT screen, and the manual operation can be completed by the key, so that the parameters of the recorded program are modified. The key functions from top to bottom are up page, down page, ok, exit, north/up,/south down, west/left, east/right. The debugging interface is used for communication between the micro-control singlechip MUC and the upper computer, program downloading and the like. The button battery supplies the RTC clock timing after the power down. The current power supply uses a 24V switching power supply to power the circuit board and motor. The limit interface is reserved with a wind speed and wind direction sensor.
The maximum power of the direct current motor is 75W, the current rating of a direct current motor control chip LMD18200 is 3A, and the current of a control system to a single motor is 3A. The characteristics are as follows: 1. the DC motor has the advantages of power supply indication, adjustable rotating speed, strong anti-interference capability, follow current protection, independent control of a DC motor, smooth pulse width speed regulation of a PWM controller and realization of forward and reverse rotation.
Six-axis sensor, six-axis refers to the respective XYZ-axis states of gyroscope and acceleration, MPU6050 is a motion processing component, and can detect the rotation angles of X axis, Y axis and Z axis. Referring to fig. 3, the on-line MPU6050 circuit can read out the gyroscope and acceleration data of X, Y, Z according to the chip data manual and the user manual of the MPU6050, and then calculate the pitch angle and the orientation through an open source algorithm. According to the invention, the six-axis sensor is arranged in parallel with the solar photoelectric plate, so that the pitch angle and the orientation of the solar photoelectric plate can be measured and calculated and fed back to the micro control unit MCU in the control system. The micro-control singlechip MCU of the control system adopts the model STM32F103, has enough calculation rate and storage space and is used for comparing and calculating the data acquired by the sensor. The controller PWM driving mode of the LMD18200 adopted by the scheme of controlling the gesture making moving part does not need to use a relay, has the functions of current feedback and program regulation and control of the rotating speed, can independently control a direct current motor, realizes slow start and slow stop, and effectively reduces the damage of starting current to the motor. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dc motor driver LMD 18200. The pin1 is externally connected with the capacitor C12 and the pin 11 is externally connected with the capacitor C17, so that the working stability can be improved. Pin 3 is a directional input, and controls forward and reverse rotation with high and low levels. Pin 4 is the brake input, high level brake. Pin 8 outputs a current feedback signal which is converted to a voltage signal by pulling down the 2.7K resistor through resistor R23. The data input into the AD conversion pin of the singlechip through the TP point is used for judging, the AD conversion is analog quantity conversion digital quantity, and if the current of the motor does not exceed the rated current, the motor is considered to be in normal operation. The driving mode utilizes the duty ratio of a pulse PWM input by a pin 5PWM_INPUT of LMD18200 to control the motor speed, wherein PWM is output by a singlechip and has the frequency of 25K to 40K. Instead of the traditional motor starting by increasing current, the motor starting power is that the motor rotating speed needs 2 seconds to accelerate from 0% rotating speed to 100% rotating speed, and the change of the duty ratio from 0% to 100% corresponds to the change of the motor speed from 0% to 100%, so that the starting current is effectively reduced. The same applies when the motor is stopped. Current feedback is one of the basic functions of the LMD18200 chip.
The flow of the gesture calculation program for controlling the operation of the photoelectric plate is shown in fig. 6, the program starts a self-checking mode for the first time, then runs to the east limit, runs to the west limit and starts timing; and running to the western limit, recording the period data of the running time PWM, and exiting the self-checking mode. In the flow chart 6, only the east-west flow is given, and the north-south flow is the same.
Fig. 7 is a program flow in an automatic tracking mode of the control system, firstly, time and illuminance data of sunrise, sunset and sky of local experience are stored in an intelligent calculation storage unit, then, the total voltage data which are collected in real time by a sensor and transmitted to the control system are combined, namely, the total output voltage value of four glue dropping plates of the sensor is used for comparing and judging with the system data, and if the system memory data are consistent with the sensor data through judgment, if the system memory data are consistent with the sensor data, the system memory data are positioned according to the sensor data, and the system memory data are tracked according to the calculation control system data in cloudy days.
The intelligent calculation storage unit stores daily sunrise, sunset and black time data in the whole year of the solar photovoltaic panel using place, and the original data can be referenced through detailed sunrise and sunset time of each province in rich urimo.51240. Com. The total output of the four glue dropping plates of the sensor is 12V when the sunlight is sufficient, the standard is that according to practical measurement and experience summary, the illuminance is regarded as sunrise when the total illuminance is more than 1.6V in the early morning, sunset when the total illuminance is less than 0.8V in the evening, and the sunset when the total illuminance is less than 2.0V in the daytime. This parameter can be adjusted according to the local situation. The control program in the intelligent calculation storage unit can judge the sunny day and the cloudy day according to the return voltage value of the sensor and the set threshold value of the existing sunrise and sunset in the comparison program, and the control program can be freely switched in the sunny day and the cloudy day mode. Fig. 8 is a program flow chart of a sunny mode, wherein the intelligent calculation storage unit stores a sunny mode program, time data of sunrise, sunset and blackish every day in the whole year of a use place, the luminosity total is larger than a set value, 2.00V is defaulted, the voltage value output by the glue dropping plate is read, and whether a voltage difference is present is compared? If the sun is in east-west direction and the sun is in east-west direction, the control system enables the motor to act, the direction is adjusted until the data in east-west direction has no gap, and the same principle is adopted in north-south direction; and when the voltage difference exists or not, if the voltage difference exists, the control system keeps the current problem for a period of time, and returns to repeatedly read the voltage output by the glue dropping plate.
The glue dropping plates are a group of eastern and western, a group of southbound and North, and the voltage output by the solar energy surface glue dropping plate arranged on the eastern side is abbreviated as eastern. The comparison takes into account the error due to sampling, and only when the difference is greater than the set value (default to 0.2V), the operation is started.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a procedure in a cloudy day mode, in which local empirical sunrise, sunset time and illuminance data are stored in an intelligent calculation storage unit, the illuminance combination is greater than a set value, 2.00V is defaulted, a theoretical position is calculated by a formula, a current position is calculated, and whether a deviation is present between the theoretical position and the current position is determined? If any, the control system enables the motor to act and adjust to the theoretical position; if the difference is not found, the control system keeps the current position for a period of time, and then returns to calculate the theoretical position through a formula to judge the current position;
the calculation formula of the cloudy day is as follows:
unit trip = total trip/(sunset time-sunrise time);
estimated position = unit trip (current time-sunrise time);
and adjusting the current position of the photoelectric plate according to the calculated position. Wherein the total journey varies differently depending on the season.
Several principles in the calculation program algorithm in the intelligent calculation storage unit:
1. when the values of the sensors "east", "west" approach and the values of the sensors "south" and "north" approach, the tracking is considered successful, and the device is subjected to the greatest illumination.
2. And setting the current position as the starting point and the end point of the journey after successful tracking at the time points of sunrise and sunset.
3. In more days of the sunny day, one run cycle may be considered as a "standard cycle". More sunny days, the period closer to the day will be replaced with a "standard period". Because the photovoltaic panel position is already aligned with the sun during this "standard period" and remains in this maximum power generation state for a period of time.
"total travel" is the distance from the start point to the end point in the standard cycle.
In the application example of the invention, 6 running devices are arranged in the plant area of Shenyang Cheng Bo energy-saving equipment limited company of Shenyang city, cheng Lu, liaoning, and the running is started from 2016.
Claims (4)
1. The solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system comprises a motor, a control chip, a sensor, an intelligent calculation storage unit and an operator, wherein the motor is used for two-way rotation of a solar photoelectric plate, the sensor is arranged in parallel with the solar photoelectric plate, pitch angle and orientation data of the solar photoelectric plate are actually measured and calculated and fed back to the intelligent calculation storage unit MCU, a calculation program is stored in the intelligent calculation storage unit, the time and illuminance data of daily experience sunrise, sunset and darkness in the whole year of a use place are stored in the intelligent calculation storage unit, the sum of illuminance is larger than a set value, the theoretical position is calculated by a formula, according to the program flow of an automatic tracking mode designed by the control system, the intelligent calculation storage unit reads voltage data output by a glue dropping plate, the threshold value set by the theoretical calculation sunrise time and the sunshine is compared with the real-time measurement output voltage data of the sensor, and the clear day or the cloudy day is judged, and the automatic switching is performed in a clear day and a cloudy day mode; the solar glue dropping plate of the sensor outputs rated voltage 3V when the solar energy is fully irradiated, and the total output of the four glue dropping plates is 12V when the solar energy is fully irradiated, and the standard is formulated according to actual measurement and experience summary; the sunset is considered when the total of the early morning is more than 1.6V, the sunset is considered when the total of the evening is less than 0.8V, the sunset is considered when the total of the daytime is less than 2.0V, and the parameters are adjusted according to the local situation; judging that the photoelectric plate is positioned according to the sensor data when the theoretical value is consistent with the sensor data, and tracking the theoretical value calculated by the intelligent calculation storage unit when the photoelectric plate is judged to be in a sunny day mode and the photoelectric plate is judged to be in a cloudy day; when the theoretical value is inconsistent with the sensor data, judging the current position of the photoelectric plate and the sun, and controlling the system to enable a motor in a certain direction to act, adjusting the motor to have no gap in comparison data, and if the gesture calculated by the intelligent calculation program is greatly different from the gesture fed back by the sensor, stopping operation or waiting for manual processing; when the tracking is successful, the control system keeps the current position for a period of time, the intelligent calculation storage unit returns to calculate the theoretical position through a formula, or returns to repeatedly read the voltage output by the glue dropping plate;
the calculation formula of the cloudy day is as follows:
unit trip = total trip/(sunset time-sunrise time);
estimated position = unit trip (current time-sunrise time);
the current position of the photoelectric plate is adjusted according to the calculated position, wherein the total journey is changed differently according to seasons;
program flow of judging sunny mode: the intelligent calculation storage unit judges according to a set threshold value of the program sunrise and sunset of the sunny mode stored in the program in the automatic tracking mode and the total voltage data output by the reading sensor through real-time calculation; if the theoretical value is compared with the sensor data and a voltage difference exists, the current position of the photoelectric plate and the sun is judged, if the photoelectric plate is positioned in the east-west direction and the sun is positioned in the east-west direction, the control system enables the motor to act in the east-west direction, the direction of the photoelectric plate is adjusted until the data in the east-west direction has no difference, and the principle of the photoelectric plate and the sun are the same;
the sensor structure is as follows: the hemispherical transparent outer cover is combined with the edge of the round bottom plate, the center of the round bottom plate is fixed with a black shading cover of a hollow cube, a sensor circuit board is arranged in the shading cover and used for measuring feedback angles, the circuit board is connected with MUC, and four solar glue dropping plates are respectively placed at the bottom edges of four vertical faces of the shading cover and face to four directions of east, west, south and north.
2. The solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system according to claim 1, wherein the back surfaces of four glue dripping plates (T1-T4) in the circuit are respectively provided with two positive and negative electrode contact points which are welded on a PCT board, a circuit board (5) of the sensor is independently powered, +5V of the sensor circuit board is connected with the sensor circuit board through a cable and a connector, and a power module from an electrical element control board is connected with the sensor circuit board.
3. The solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system of claim 1, wherein the sensor circuit wiring relationship: the cable is connected with a power supply +5V and GND through a connector, and then converted into +3.3V through RT9193 for the sensor MPU6050 to use; the negative electrode pins (2) of the glue dropping plates (T1, T2, T3 and T4) are connected with GND (ground) at the public end, the positive electrode 10K resistor pull-down is connected to AD conversion of the driver MCU singlechip STM32 through a connector, and the sensor MPU6050 is connected to IIC of the STM32 through IIC SDA; the rated current of the motor control chip LMD18200 is 3A, and the current of the control system to a single motor is 3A; the maximum motor is 75W, and a controller PWM driving mode is adopted.
4. The solar photovoltaic two-dimensional automatic tracking control system according to claim 1, wherein the operator, the display screen and the keys are arranged on the front surface of the shell, a sensor interface, a limiter interface and a debugging interface are arranged on the side surface of the shell, a micro-control singlechip MUC, a button battery and interfaces in two directions are arranged in the shell, a power supply module is removed, circuits of all devices are communicated, the power supply module is arranged on an electric element control board, the debugging interface is used for communication between the micro-control singlechip MUC and an upper computer, a program is downloaded, the button battery supplies RTC clock timing after power failure, and the power supply uses a 24V switching power supply to supply power for a circuit board and a motor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2018115281082 | 2018-12-13 | ||
| CN201811528108 | 2018-12-13 |
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| CN109542129A CN109542129A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
| CN109542129B true CN109542129B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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| CN114925997B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2024-03-19 | 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | Method for screening effective data of multispectral sensor of farmland Internet of things |
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